Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology最新文献_第9页

Synthesis and characterizations of lysosome-targeting morpholine-porphyrin fluorescent probes 靶向溶酶体的morpholine-卟啉荧光探针的合成与表征。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113281

Hyungkyu Moon , Gun-Jae Jeong , Chung ah Kim , T. Sheshashena Reddy , Dae Hyeok Yang , Myung-Seok Choi

Lysosomes play essential role in various intracellular processes. Their malfunction is one of the main causes of diseases such as lysosomal storage diseases, inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, two porphyrin-based fluorescent probes specifically designed for targeting lysosomes were synthesized and characterized. Morpholine, a lysosome targeting molecule, was conjugated to a porphyrin core with and without a spacer (TP_Zn-SM and TP_Zn-M, respectively). Investigation of the photophysical properties and cellular imaging experiments demonstrated that TP_Zn-SM showed optimal lysosome tracking ability for specific imaging in live-cell imaging assays compared to TP_Zn-M. The cytotoxicity of the probes was investigated to evaluate their potential as live-cell fluorescence imaging agents and was found to be minimal. Confocal colocalization studies of the probes with commercial Lysotracker Green in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells demonstrated the specific localization of the probes in the lysosomes of the cells with a high colocalization coefficient (0.96). Overall, TP_Zn-SM demonstrated better results, which were attributed to the spacers between morpholine and the porphyrin moiety.

溶酶体在细胞内的各种过程中起着重要作用。它们的功能障碍是溶酶体贮积病、炎症和神经退行性疾病等疾病的主要原因之一。本文合成并表征了两种专为溶酶体设计的基于卟啉的荧光探针。啉是一种溶酶体靶向分子，在有和没有间隔物（TPZn-SM和TPZn-M）的情况下与卟啉核偶联。光物理性质和细胞成像实验的研究表明，TPZn-SM在活细胞成像实验中表现出比TPZn-M更好的溶酶体跟踪能力。对探针的细胞毒性进行了研究，以评估其作为活细胞荧光显像剂的潜力，发现其毒性很小。在人间充质干细胞共聚焦共定位研究中，利用商用Lysotracker Green对探针进行共聚焦共定位，结果表明探针在细胞的溶酶体中具有较高的共定位系数（0.96）。总体而言，TPZn-SM表现出更好的效果，这归因于在啉和卟啉之间的间隔。

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引用次数: 0

Wavelength-dependent excitation ratio of photosystem I and II in Arabidopsis thaliana 拟南芥光系统I和II的波长依赖性激发比

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113278

Peter R. Bos, Herbert van Amerongen, Emilie Wientjes

Photosynthesis is a finely tuned process in which plants balance excitations between photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) to optimize energy conversion efficiency. The distribution of light energy between PSI and PSII across the full spectrum of photosynthetically active radiation is hard to quantify. Current attempts rely on estimating the PSI/PSII reaction center ratio and PS antenna sizes. In this study, we employed a streak-camera system to measure excitation distribution between PSI and PSII in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves over the wavelength range 430–630 nm, bypassing the need for indirect estimations of antenna size and pigment distribution. Our findings show that the absorption weighted PSII/(PSI + PSII) excitation ratio is 0.60 ± 0.01 in the 430–630 nm spectral range. By fitting the excitation spectrum with absorption spectra of PSI, PSII, and LHCII, we estimate the PSII/(PSI + PSII) reaction center ratio to be 0.58 ± 0.004. The excitation ratio shows that in the dark-adapted supercomplex organisation, PSII is overexcited. By recording a light response curve of ΦPSI and ΦPSII, we determined that the dark-adapted supercomplex organisation leads to overexcitation of PSII in low to medium light illumination intensities (∼372 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹). However, state transitions alone can rebalance the charge separation ratio. The quantitative excitation ratio and its correlation with reaction center ratios provide crucial parameters for refining photosynthetic models and understanding energy distribution across photosystems.

光合作用是植物平衡光系统I （PSI）和光系统II （PSII）之间的激发以优化能量转换效率的精细调节过程。在整个光合有效辐射光谱中，PSI和PSII之间的光能分布很难量化。目前的尝试依赖于估计PSI/PSII反应中心比和PS天线尺寸。在这项研究中，我们利用条纹相机系统测量了拟南芥叶片中PSI和PSII在430-630 nm波长范围内的激发分布，绕过了间接估计天线尺寸和色素分布的需要。结果表明，在430 ~ 630 nm光谱范围内，吸收加权PSII/(PSI + PSII)激发比为0.60±0.01。将激发光谱与PSI、PSII和LHCII的吸收光谱拟合，得到PSII/(PSI + PSII)反应中心比为0.58±0.004。激发比表明，在适应黑暗的超复杂组织中，PSII被过度激发。通过记录ΦPSI和ΦPSII的光响应曲线，我们确定了适应黑暗的超复杂组织导致PSII在低到中等光照强度（~ 372 μmol m−2 s−1）下过度激发。然而，状态跃迁本身可以重新平衡电荷分离比。定量激发比及其与反应中心比的相关性为完善光合模型和理解光系统间的能量分布提供了关键参数。

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引用次数: 0

Short-duration UV-B exposure mitigates salinity stress in Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal and boosts secondary metabolite production 短时间UV-B暴露减轻了苦荬菜的盐度胁迫并促进次级代谢物的产生。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113279

Sneha Singh, Pajeb Saha, Sabitri Kumari, Jyotiraj Upadhyay, Shashi Pandey-Rai

Withania somnifera is a widely valued medicinal plant traditionally cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions of India, where salt stress and rising UV-B radiation pose growing threats to its productivity and pharmacological quality of different metabolites. While the individual impacts of salinity and UV-B stress have been extensively studied, their interactive effects and potential for cross-tolerance in W. somnifera remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the morphophysiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses of W. somnifera under salt (50–200 mM NaCl), UV-B (1–4 h), and combined exposure. Salt stress significantly reduced plant height, shoot biomass, photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/fm), and pigment content, while inducing oxidative damage. UV-B exposure alone enhanced relative water content, stimulated antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, APX, and GR), and promoted the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Under combined salt and UV-B exposure, plants exhibited further amplified responses wherein antioxidant enzyme activities remained elevated while lipid peroxidation levels decreased compared to salt stress alone, suggesting reduced oxidative damage. Due to short-term UV-B exposure, metabolite profiling via high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed a synergistic enhancement in the accumulation of key secondary metabolites, particularly withanolides, flavonoids and triterpenoids, alongside the unique induction of stress-responsive compounds such as betaine and arjungenin. These findings suggest that short-duration UV-B exposure synergistically interacts with salt stress, intensifying redox activity and metabolic reprogramming to reinforce the plant's adaptive capacity. This work provides a foundation for integrating UV-B-based agronomic strategies in saline-prone regions to boost both stress resilience and the commercial phytochemical yield of W. somnifera.

Withania somnifera是一种传统上在印度干旱和半干旱地区种植的具有广泛价值的药用植物，在这些地区，盐胁迫和UV-B辐射的增加对其生产力和不同代谢物的药理质量构成越来越大的威胁。虽然盐度和UV-B胁迫的个体影响已经得到了广泛的研究，但它们的相互作用和对W. somnifera的交叉耐受潜力仍未得到探索。在盐（50 ~ 200 mM NaCl）、UV-B （1 ~ 4 h）和复合暴露条件下，研究了夏菖蒲（W. somnifera）的形态生理、生化和代谢反应。盐胁迫显著降低了植物株高、地上部生物量、光合效率（Fv/fm）和色素含量，同时诱导了氧化损伤。UV-B暴露增加了相对含水量，刺激了抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT、APX和GR）活性，促进了次生代谢物的积累。在盐和UV-B联合暴露下，植物表现出进一步的反应，其中抗氧化酶活性保持升高，而脂质过氧化水平下降，与单独盐胁迫相比，表明氧化损伤减少。由于短期的UV-B暴露，通过高分辨率质谱分析的代谢物分析显示，在甜菜碱和arjungenin等独特的应激反应化合物的诱导下，关键次级代谢物的积累协同增强，特别是野醇内酯、类黄酮和三萜。这些发现表明，短时间的UV-B暴露与盐胁迫协同作用，增强氧化还原活性和代谢重编程，以增强植物的适应能力。本研究为在盐碱化易发地区整合基于uv -b的农艺策略以提高苦荞麦的抗逆性和商业植物化学产量提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Photosensitization and phototoxicity mechanism of diclofenac sodium (NSAID) under ambient UVR exposure. 双氯芬酸钠（NSAID）在环境紫外线照射下的光敏性和光毒性机制。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113227

Gaurav Prajapati, Sunil Kumar Patel, Durgesh Mourya, Meetali Sinha, Mohd Danish Kamar, Ratan Singh Ray, Ashish Dwivedi

Diclofenac sodium (DS) is used for pain, inflammation and musculoskeletal disorders. Despite its absorption of UV radiation, the phototoxic potential and molecular mechanisms in keratinocytes under UVA and UVB exposures are largely unexplored. In this study, we have employed a comprehensive array of in-silico, in-chemico, and in-vitro approaches to assess DS's photostability, phototoxic, and photogenotoxic properties under UV irradiation. Our findings indicate that DS undergoes photodegradation, forming 3 photoproducts. Further, docking studies revealed DS's affinity for DNA and Bax, implicating DNA damage and initiation of programmed cell death pathways. MTT and NRU assays demonstrated a concentration-dependent phototoxic response to UVA and UVB exposures. DCFH₂-DA and DHE staining confirmed that DS significantly elevates ROS under UVR. Photogenotoxicity was evidenced by comet assay, while clastogenic activity was confirmed through micronucleus and chromosomal aberration assays. Gene expression analysis showed upregulation of apoptotic marker genes including Bax, Bcl2, Casp9, Apaf1, Casp3, and Cyt C in keratinocytes treated with DS under UV irradiation. Our results showed that DS exhibits both photogenotoxic and photoclastogenic activities, coupled with ROS-induced programmed cell death, elucidating the molecular basis of its phototoxicity. These insights are crucial for understanding the mechanisms behind NSAID-induced phototoxic skin diseases under environmental UVR exposure.

双氯芬酸钠（DS）用于疼痛、炎症和肌肉骨骼疾病。尽管它吸收紫外线辐射，但在UVA和UVB暴露下角质形成细胞的光毒性潜力和分子机制在很大程度上尚未被探索。在这项研究中，我们采用了一系列综合的硅、化学和体外方法来评估DS在紫外线照射下的光稳定性、光毒性和光致毒性。我们的研究结果表明，DS经过光降解，形成3种光产物。此外，对接研究揭示了DS对DNA和Bax的亲和力，暗示DNA损伤和启动程序性细胞死亡途径。MTT和NRU试验显示对UVA和UVB暴露有浓度依赖性的光毒性反应。DCFH2-DA和DHE染色证实，在UVR下，DS显著升高ROS。彗星试验证实了光致毒性，微核和染色体畸变试验证实了致裂活性。基因表达分析显示，紫外线照射下DS处理的角化细胞中凋亡标志基因Bax、Bcl2、Casp9、Apaf1、Casp3和Cyt C上调。我们的研究结果表明，DS具有光致毒性和光致裂活性，并伴有ros诱导的程序性细胞死亡，阐明了其光毒性的分子基础。这些见解对于理解nsaid在环境紫外线照射下诱发光毒性皮肤病的机制至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Unlocking the potential of spectral LED lights in enhancing glandular trichome density and accumulation of bioactive specialized metabolites in spearmint. 释放光谱LED灯在提高绿薄荷腺毛密度和生物活性特化代谢物积累方面的潜力。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113239

Dipanjali Chatterjee, Adinpunya Mitra

Spearmint is a well-known aromatic plant recognized for its unique aroma, flavour, and bioactive properties. To ensure its year-round production in response to the growing market demand under rapidly changing climates, the implementation of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in controlled environments presents a promising solution. This study explored the impact of different LED spectral lights, namely monochromatic red (R), monochromatic blue (B), combined red-blue (RB), and control warm white (WW) on the vegetative growth, glandular trichome density, key specialized metabolite contents and relevant biosynthetic gene expression levels in spearmint. Various morphometric features showed improvement under RB and B lights compared to WW, while R light resulted in overall impaired growth. Plants under RB light showed the highest density of peltate glandular trichomes (43 Nos./mm²), which exhibited strong positive correlation with maximally elevated levels of marker terpene carvone (9.2 μmol/g FM) and its precursor limonene (0.5 μmol/g FM). This suggested a possible interlinkage between trichome development and terpene biosynthesis. Additionally, rosmarinic acid content significantly increased (781.5 μg/g FM) under RB light compared to other spectral light conditions. The highest expression levels of genes related to both phenolic and monoterpene biosynthetic pathways were also obtained under RB light, explaining the enhanced production of key bioactive compounds at the transcript level. Thus, the combination of R and B lights proved advantageous for the growth of spearmint and the concurrent enrichment of major specialized metabolites. The insights gained from this research will pave ways for developing appropriate LED-based cultivation systems for commercial production of spearmint.

绿薄荷是一种著名的芳香植物，以其独特的香气、风味和生物活性而闻名。为了确保其全年生产以应对快速变化的气候下不断增长的市场需求，在受控环境中实施发光二极管（led）提出了一个有前途的解决方案。本研究探讨了单色红(R)、单色蓝(B)、复合红蓝（RB）和对照暖白（WW）不同LED光谱光对绿薄荷营养生长、腺毛密度、关键特化代谢物含量及相关生物合成基因表达水平的影响。与WW相比，RB和B光下的各种形态特征有所改善，而R光导致整体生长受损。RB光照下植物的盆状腺毛密度最高（43个/mm2），与标记萜类香芹酮（9.2 μmol/g FM）及其前体柠檬烯（0.5 μmol/g FM）含量最高呈极显著正相关。这表明毛状体发育与萜烯生物合成之间可能存在相互联系。在RB光下，迷迭香酸含量显著增加（781.5 μg/g FM）。在RB光照下，与酚类和单萜类生物合成途径相关的基因表达水平最高，这解释了转录水平上关键生物活性化合物的产生增强。因此，R光和B光的组合有利于绿薄荷的生长和主要特化代谢物的同时富集。从这项研究中获得的见解将为开发适合绿薄荷商业生产的led栽培系统铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0

Association between ultraviolet exposure and type 2 diabetes: Insights from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). 紫外线照射与2型糖尿病的关系：来自中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）的见解

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113240

Can Ming, Zhuoyu Liu, Wei Wu, Qian Gao

Objective: To investigate the association between long-term exposure to ambient ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Research design and methods: This study analyzed data from 14,825 participants enrolled in the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Ground-based daily average UVR monitoring data, collected from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014, across 724 stations in China, were matched to 125 cities corresponding to participants' residences. UVR exposure levels were calculated separately for annual, spring, summer, autumn, and winter. All analyses were stratified by sex. Initially, a generalized linear mixed-effects model (GLMM) was employed to assess the association between city-level UVR exposure and individual-level risk of T2D. Further stratified analyses were performed based on age, body mass index (BMI), and urban versus rural residence.

Results: Higher UVR exposure was associated with a lower risk of T2D in women (OR_annual: 0.250, 95 % CI: 0.081-0.773; OR_spring: 0.437, 95 % CI: 0.194-0.984; OR_autumn: 0.305, 95 % CI: 0.098-0.944; OR_winter: 0.227, 95 % CI: 0.079-0.655). Stratified analyses revealed that annual UVR exposure had a strong protective effect in T2D among women aged under 60 years (OR: 0.163, 95 % CI: 0.034-0.792), normal and underweight women and men (OR_women: 0.080, 95 % CI: 0.017-0.383; OR_men: 0.180, 95 % CI: 0.038-0.850) and rural women (OR: 0.207, 95 % CI: 0.065-0.661).

Conclusions: Exposure to UVR appears to confer a protective effect against T2D, with this association being especially evident in women. The protective influence is more marked among individuals younger than 60 years, those with normal weight or underweight, and those residing in rural areas.

目的：探讨长期暴露于环境紫外线辐射（UVR）与2型糖尿病（T2D）发病风险的关系。研究设计与方法：本研究分析了2015年中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）的14825名参与者的数据。2005年1月1日至2014年12月31日，中国724个站点的地面日均UVR监测数据与参与者居住地对应的125个城市相匹配。分别计算每年、春季、夏季、秋季和冬季的紫外线暴露水平。所有分析均按性别分层。首先，采用广义线性混合效应模型（GLMM）来评估城市水平UVR暴露与个体水平T2D风险之间的关系。进一步的分层分析是基于年龄、身体质量指数（BMI）和城市与农村居住。结果：较高的UVR暴露与较低的女性T2D风险相关(or - annual: 0.250, 95% CI: 0.081-0.773；ORspring: 0.437, 95% CI: 0.194-0.984；ORautumn: 0.305, 95% CI: 0.098-0.944；ORwinter: 0.227, 95% CI: 0.079-0.655)。分层分析显示，在60岁以下的女性（OR: 0.163, 95% CI: 0.034-0.792）、正常和体重过轻的女性和男性(OR: 0.080, 95% CI: 0.017-0.383；男性：0.180,95% CI: 0.038-0.850)和农村妇女（OR: 0.207, 95% CI: 0.065-0.661）。结论：暴露在紫外线下似乎对T2D具有保护作用，这种关联在女性中尤为明显。这种保护作用在60岁以下的人、体重正常或体重不足的人以及居住在农村地区的人中更为明显。

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引用次数: 0

Quinolinium-substituted porphyrins as promising antimicrobial photosensitizers 喹啉取代卟啉作为有前途的抗菌光敏剂。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113275

Leticia D. Costa , Cátia Vieira , Mariana Q. Mesquita , Steffen Hackbarth , M. Graça P.M.S. Neves , Adelaide Almeida , Augusto C. Tomé , M. Amparo F. Faustino

Characterized by a remarkable chemical versatility and outstanding photophysical properties, porphyrins stand out as one of the most promising classes of photosensitizers for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). In this work, we described the synthesis, as well as the chemical and photophysical characterization of quinolinium-substituted porphyrins, and their corresponding Zn(II) complexes. The efficacy of these porphyrins in the photoinactivation of bacteria was evaluated, both alone and combined with the co-adjuvant potassium iodide, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) strains.

Overall, the results demonstrated the high potential of both cationic porphyrins to effectively photoinactivate bacterial strains. Cationic derivative 2, at a concentration of 1.0 μM, achieved reductions exceeding > 99.99999 % (>7.0 log₁₀ CFU mL⁻¹) for S. aureus after 10 min of white light irradiation (25 mW cm⁻²) and > 99.9 % (3.52 log₁₀ RLU) for E. coli after 60 min aPDT treatment. Similarly, the Zn(II) counterpart 2a also showed excellent efficiency, achieving ∼99.999 % reduction (4.95 log₁₀ CFU mL⁻¹) against MRSA after 60 min of aPDT at 1.0 μM, and a 3.52 log₁₀ RLU reduction for E. coli after 30 min of PDT at 5.0 μM. The action mechanism of both cationic quinolinium-substituted porphyrins demonstrated to be dependent on the singlet oxygen production, consistent with a Type II photodynamic pathway. The use of potassium iodide (KI) as co-adjuvant led to the production of reactive iodine species (RIS), namely iodine, and increased the photodynamic effect.

卟啉具有显著的化学通用性和突出的光物理性质，是抗菌光动力治疗（aPDT）中最有前途的光敏剂之一。本文介绍了喹啉取代卟啉及其相应的Zn（II）配合物的合成、化学和光物理性质。评估了这些卟啉在细菌光失活方面的效果，无论是单独使用还是与辅佐剂碘化钾联合使用，对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA，革兰氏阳性）和大肠杆菌（革兰氏阴性）菌株都有效。总的来说，结果表明这两种阳离子卟啉具有很高的光灭活细菌菌株的潜力。阳离子衍生物2在1.0 μM浓度下，经过10分钟白光照射（25 mW cm-2）后，金黄色葡萄球菌的还原率超过> 99.99999% (>7.0 log10 CFU mL-1)，经过60分钟aPDT处理后，大肠杆菌的还原率超过> 99.9% （3.52 log₁₀RLU）。同样，Zn（II）对应物2a也表现出优异的效率，在1.0 μM aPDT作用60分钟后，对MRSA的还原率为~ 99.999% (4.95 log10 CFU mL-1)，在5.0 μM PDT作用30分钟后，对大肠杆菌的RLU还原率为3.52 log₁₀。两种阳离子喹啉取代卟啉的作用机制均依赖于单线态产氧，符合II型光动力途径。使用碘化钾（KI）作为共佐剂导致反应性碘种（RIS）即碘的产生，并增加了光动力效应。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of near-infrared-triggered photothermal therapy on collagen organization and wound healing 近红外触发光热疗法对胶原组织和伤口愈合的影响。

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113273

Yan Chen , Chuanjie Zhang , Xiuhong Weng , Shengjun Jiang , Bo Cheng

Soft tissue wounds result in the loss of essential functions, including sensation and barrier protection. Mild photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration, primarily through its ability to precisely regulate tissue temperature and thereby influence cellular proliferation and differentiation. In this study, gold nanorods (AuNRs) were employed as photosensitizers and co-cultured with fibroblasts to evaluate the effects of mild PTT on collagen organization and wound healing under the irradiation of 808 nm near-infrared (NIR) laser. AuNRs-mediated photothermal stimulation raised the temperature of the culture medium from 18.0 °C to 37.8 °C within 7 min. This controlled thermal stimulation significantly enhanced fibroblast proliferation and led to a more random distribution of collagen fibers. Moreover, AuNR-mediated mild PTT promoted the differentiation of fibroblast into myofibroblasts and reduced scar tissue formation. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of mild PTT in soft tissue regeneration by modulating fibroblast behavior and remodeling collagen architecture.

软组织创伤导致基本功能的丧失，包括感觉和屏障保护。轻度光热疗法（PTT）已成为促进伤口愈合和组织再生的一种有前景的治疗策略，主要是通过其精确调节组织温度从而影响细胞增殖和分化的能力。本研究以金纳米棒（aunr）作为光敏剂，与成纤维细胞共培养，在808 nm近红外（NIR）激光照射下，研究轻度PTT对胶原组织和伤口愈合的影响。arrs介导的光热刺激在7 min内将培养基温度从18.0℃提高到37.8℃。这种受控的热刺激显著增强了成纤维细胞的增殖，并导致胶原纤维的更随机分布。此外，aunr介导的轻度PTT促进成纤维细胞向肌成纤维细胞的分化，减少疤痕组织的形成。这些发现强调了轻度PTT通过调节成纤维细胞行为和重塑胶原结构在软组织再生中的治疗潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Butyl toluidine blue as a photosensitizer for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on titanium-associated biofilms 丁基甲苯胺蓝作为一种光敏剂用于钛相关生物膜的抗菌光动力治疗

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113274

Amanda Paino Santana , Daniela Moreira Cunha , Rodolfo Debone Piazza , Mark Wainwright , Magda Feres , Belen Retamal-Valdes , Rafael Scaf de Molon , Valdir Gouveia Garcia , Leticia Helena Theodoro , Wirley Gonçalves Assunção , Erica Dorigatti de Avila

This in vitro study aimed to determine a safe concentration of butyl toluidine blue (BuTB) and an appropriate pre-irradiation time for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) to reduce polymicrobial oral biofilm without causing cytotoxicity to human cells. Titanium (Ti) discs simulating implant abutment surfaces were inoculated with saliva from patients diagnosed with peri-implantitis to create a clinically relevant polymicrobial biofilm model. Antimicrobial PDT was performed using BuTB at 0.05 mg/mL and two pre-irradiation times (1 and 5 min), followed by diode laser irradiation (InGaAlP, 660 nm, 75 mW, 60 s, 4.5 J). The antimicrobial efficacy of each protocol was evaluated, and cytotoxicity was assessed on keratinocyte (HaCaT) and human gingival fibroblast (HGF) cell lines using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Significant bacterial reduction was observed for both 1-min (8.91 ± 0.5 log₁₀ CFU/mL; p < 0.0001) and 5-min (7.75 ± 0.6 log₁₀ CFU/mL; p < 0.0001) pre-irradiation times, compared to untreated Ti controls (12.21 ± 0.1 log₁₀ CFU/mL). Although the 5-min protocol showed slightly greater antimicrobial activity (p = 0.0076), the 1-min protocol demonstrated favorable cell viability and mitochondrial activity in both HaCaT and HGF cells. These results suggest that BuTB-mediated aPDT, at a low concentration and short pre-irradiation time, can effectively reduce polymicrobial biofilm while preserving cell viability in the conditions studied. While further studies are needed, these in vitro findings provide a valuable foundation for developing safer and more effective aPDT protocols for potential future clinical applications.

本体外研究旨在确定丁基甲苯胺蓝（butyl toluidine blue, BuTB）的安全浓度和抗菌光动力治疗（aPDT）的合适照射前时间，以减少多微生物口腔生物膜，同时又不会对人体细胞造成细胞毒性。用诊断为种植体周围炎患者的唾液接种模拟种植体基台表面的钛（Ti）圆盘，建立临床相关的多微生物生物膜模型。抗菌PDT用0.05 mg/mL的BuTB进行，两次预照射（1和5 min），然后进行二极管激光照射（InGaAlP, 660 nm, 75 mW, 60 s, 4.5 J）。采用定量和定性两种方法评估了每种方案的抗菌效果，并评估了角质形成细胞（HaCaT）和人牙龈成纤维细胞（HGF）细胞系的细胞毒性。与未处理的Ti对照组（12.21±0.1 log₁₀CFU/mL）相比，辐照前1分钟（8.91±0.5 log₁₀CFU/mL; p < 0.0001）和5分钟（7.75±0.6 log₁₀CFU/mL; p < 0.0001）的细菌数量均显著减少。虽然5分钟方案显示出稍高的抗菌活性（p = 0.0076），但1分钟方案在HaCaT和HGF细胞中均显示出良好的细胞活力和线粒体活性。这些结果表明，在研究条件下，低浓度、短预照射时间的butb介导的aPDT可以有效地减少多微生物生物膜，同时保持细胞活力。虽然还需要进一步的研究，但这些体外研究结果为开发更安全、更有效的aPDT方案提供了有价值的基础，可以用于潜在的未来临床应用。

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引用次数: 0

A theoretical model for optimizing UVA/riboflavin crosslinking 优化UVA/核黄素交联的理论模型

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. B, Biology

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2025.113272

Shaowu Sun , Xiaona Liu , Jiayi Dong , Xiaoyu Zhao , Chenxi Zhang , Chenyan Wang , Xiaolu Ma , Yan Wang , Xiaona Li , Zhipeng Gao , Weiyi Chen

Ultraviolet-A and riboflavin (UVA/R) crosslinking has emerged as a valuable technique for ocular disease treatments. However, the exact influence of the oxygen and riboflavin on the crosslinking has not been fully explored so far. A kinetic model was developed to predict corneal/scleral stiffening effects under varying oxygen levels, irradiation intensities, and riboflavin solution concentrations during crosslinking at a fixed fluence. The optical properties of porcine sclera were determined by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Monte Carlo method was employed to evaluate intrastromal light absorption of riboflavin. The roles of oxygen and riboflavin in the reaction mechanism were proposed based on the kinetic interactions of reactive species within the corneal/scleral stroma. Kinetic simulations indicated that increasing intrastromal oxygen concentration, driven by higher ambient oxygen levels, significantly improves crosslinking efficiency. The crosslinker formation rate reach its maximum when the intrastromal riboflavin concentration was approximately 0.245 %. Concentrations that are either too low or too high are adversely affect the formation of crosslinker. Optimal stiffening effects could be achieved by balancing oxygen availability, irradiation intensity, and riboflavin solution concentration. The model accuracy of oxygen prediction was verified by experimental results obtained from corneal crosslinking. Linear correlations were found between the model-predicted concentration of newly induced crosslinkers and the experimentally measured mechanical properties of both the cornea and sclera under various crosslinking protocols. Our study improved the prediction model by introducing accurate optical properties of the sclera. This proposed model provides a possibility for predicting the biomechanical crosslinking efficacy of the cornea/sclera, and may be used for optimizing UVA/R crosslinking protocols in customized treatment for ocular disease.

紫外- a与核黄素（UVA/R）交联已成为一种有价值的眼部疾病治疗技术。然而，氧和核黄素对交联的确切影响至今尚未得到充分的探讨。建立了一个动力学模型来预测不同氧水平、辐照强度和核黄素溶液浓度在固定通量交联过程中的角膜/巩膜硬化效应。采用紫外可见分光光度法测定了猪巩膜的光学性质。采用蒙特卡罗方法评价核黄素的细胞内光吸收。根据角膜/巩膜基质中反应物质的动力学相互作用，提出了氧和核黄素在反应机制中的作用。动力学模拟表明，在高环境氧水平的驱动下，增加星间氧浓度显著提高交联效率。当细胞内核黄素浓度约为0.245%时，交联剂形成率达到最大。浓度过低或过高都会对交联剂的形成产生不利影响。通过平衡氧可用性、辐照强度和核黄素溶液浓度可以达到最佳的硬化效果。角膜交联实验结果验证了模型预测氧含量的准确性。在不同交联方案下，模型预测的新诱导交联剂浓度与实验测量的角膜和巩膜力学性能之间存在线性相关。我们的研究通过引入准确的巩膜光学特性来改进预测模型。该模型为预测角膜/巩膜的生物力学交联效果提供了可能，并可用于优化UVA/R交联方案，用于眼科疾病的定制治疗。

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引用次数: 0