Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.E414
Q. Wangi
11 years ago the first journal devoted entirely to the publication of research in Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination. There are some journals about the findings of international comparisons show that countries with health system based on strong primary care have better health at lower costs. The journal covers a broad spectrum of topics for study that discusses theoretical and empirical aspects of Vaccines like leadership, management, and administration of public health systems, Human Vaccine Trials, Veterinary Vaccines, Cancer Vaccines, Vaccine Adjutants and hospital networks. The journal solicits manuscripts that discuss technical and medical advancements in Decision Science, Children Vaccines, HIV Vaccine Care Management, Vaccines, Quality and Access. Where we encourage authors to provide insight into their recently published journal.
{"title":"Self-organization and Effective Cutaneous Vaccination","authors":"Q. Wangi","doi":"10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.E414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.E414","url":null,"abstract":"11 years ago the first journal devoted entirely to the publication of research in Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination. There are some journals about the findings of international comparisons show that countries with health system based on strong primary care have better health at lower costs. The journal covers a broad spectrum of topics for study that discusses theoretical and empirical aspects of Vaccines like leadership, management, and administration of public health systems, Human Vaccine Trials, Veterinary Vaccines, Cancer Vaccines, Vaccine Adjutants and hospital networks. The journal solicits manuscripts that discuss technical and medical advancements in Decision Science, Children Vaccines, HIV Vaccine Care Management, Vaccines, Quality and Access. Where we encourage authors to provide insight into their recently published journal.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90401187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.E421
G. Kharroubi
Despite of recommendations, influenza vaccine (IV) coverage among healthcare workers remains low in many countries. We aimed in this study to assess the main reasons leading to flu vaccine acceptance and decline among Tunisian healthcare workers through a study of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards influenza immunization. It was a cross sectional study conducted in Tunisian primary and secondary healthcare facilities from March to May 2019. Health professionals were enrolled according to a self-weighted multistage sampling. A face to face questionnaire was administered to participants. Reasons leading to IV acceptance and decline were assessed through open-ended questions. A total of 1230 HCWs were included in the study with a mean age of 44.5±9.3 years and a sex-ratio (M: F) of 0.25. Among participants, 43.1% (95%CI: [40.3-46.0]) were willing to receive the flu vaccine if recommended to caregivers and provided for free. According to participating healthcare workers, the main three reasons leading to vaccine acceptance were: self-protection (73.8 % [71.3-76.3]) and family and patients’ protection (49.2% [46.4-52.0] and 28.2% [25.8-30.7] respectively). Regarding reasons leading to IV decline, fear of the vaccine side effects (48.0% [40.3-46.0]), feeling not concerned by the flu vaccine (31.8% [29.3-34.4]) and doubt about vaccine efficacy (31.6% [28.8-34.3]) were the most frequent cited reasons. Less than half of participants were willing to receive the IV. Fear of flu vaccine side effects was the most frequently reported reason leading to vaccine decline. Health authorities should thus organize regular training sessions in healthcare facilities aiming to educate caregivers about IV composition and safety.
{"title":"Epidemiology and Public Health 2020: Reasons Leading to Influenza Vaccine Acceptance and Decline among Tunisian Healthcare Workers","authors":"G. Kharroubi","doi":"10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.E421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.E421","url":null,"abstract":"Despite of recommendations, influenza vaccine (IV) coverage among healthcare workers remains low in many countries. We aimed in this study to assess the main reasons leading to flu vaccine acceptance and decline among Tunisian healthcare workers through a study of knowledge, attitudes and practices towards influenza immunization. It was a cross sectional study conducted in Tunisian primary and secondary healthcare facilities from March to May 2019. Health professionals were enrolled according to a self-weighted multistage sampling. A face to face questionnaire was administered to participants. Reasons leading to IV acceptance and decline were assessed through open-ended questions. A total of 1230 HCWs were included in the study with a mean age of 44.5±9.3 years and a sex-ratio (M: F) of 0.25. Among participants, 43.1% (95%CI: [40.3-46.0]) were willing to receive the flu vaccine if recommended to caregivers and provided for free. According to participating healthcare workers, the main three reasons leading to vaccine acceptance were: self-protection (73.8 % [71.3-76.3]) and family and patients’ protection (49.2% [46.4-52.0] and 28.2% [25.8-30.7] respectively). Regarding reasons leading to IV decline, fear of the vaccine side effects (48.0% [40.3-46.0]), feeling not concerned by the flu vaccine (31.8% [29.3-34.4]) and doubt about vaccine efficacy (31.6% [28.8-34.3]) were the most frequent cited reasons. Less than half of participants were willing to receive the IV. Fear of flu vaccine side effects was the most frequently reported reason leading to vaccine decline. Health authorities should thus organize regular training sessions in healthcare facilities aiming to educate caregivers about IV composition and safety.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85228002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7560.11.7.437
A. T. Utami, A. B. Prasetya
Background: The Effectiveness of Masks to Prevent COVID-19. During the Corona pandemic, masks became a very vital tool to prevent the spread of COVID-19. With the importance of using masks to prevent this Coronavirus, few circulate are circulating on the market. Like the cheapest and many people use is a cloth mask. However, many travelers are still confused about wearing so many variants that sell in the market nowadays. Aim: To know the best cover to reduce the probability of COVID 19 accidents among travelers in Indonesia. Methods: The travelers in Indonesia were asked by questionnaire about the mask chosen, symptoms, and the rapid test value. Result: 70.2% of Indonesian travellers without COVID 19 symptoms still use medical masks to prevent contracting the CoV2 virus. Conclusion: Medical covers are even suitable for use as a means of personal protection for travelers who want to travel. Apart from being cheap, these masks are readily available in many shopping centres and are comfortable to wear while traveling.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Using Cloth, Surgical, KN95, N95 and Full-face Masks among Indonesian's Travellers in COVID-19 Era","authors":"A. T. Utami, A. B. Prasetya","doi":"10.35248/2157-7560.11.7.437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7560.11.7.437","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Effectiveness of Masks to Prevent COVID-19. During the Corona pandemic, masks became a very vital tool to prevent the spread of COVID-19. With the importance of using masks to prevent this Coronavirus, few circulate are circulating on the market. Like the cheapest and many people use is a cloth mask. However, many travelers are still confused about wearing so many variants that sell in the market nowadays. Aim: To know the best cover to reduce the probability of COVID 19 accidents among travelers in Indonesia. Methods: The travelers in Indonesia were asked by questionnaire about the mask chosen, symptoms, and the rapid test value. Result: 70.2% of Indonesian travellers without COVID 19 symptoms still use medical masks to prevent contracting the CoV2 virus. Conclusion: Medical covers are even suitable for use as a means of personal protection for travelers who want to travel. Apart from being cheap, these masks are readily available in many shopping centres and are comfortable to wear while traveling.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88397979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a low gluten diet in the disease activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Methods: Among 109 patients with RA enrolled in this study, 98 patients who completed 16 weeks on a low gluten diet regimen were included in the study. At baseline, we gave the patients the information about gluten-free and gluten-contained foods, and asked them to refrain from the daily gluten consumption during the experimental period. Results: The low gluten diet significantly improved DAS28-CRP and CDAI scores after 16 weeks. The percentages of patients achieving DAS28-CRP and CDAI-defined remission or LDA were significantly increased after 16 weeks. There was a significant increase in the percentage of the responders in EULAR treatment response after 16 weeks. Rheumatoid Factor (RF) but not C-reactive protein was significantly decreased after 16 weeks. When the self-reported level about adherence to the low gluten diet was divided into three categories, a significant decrease in DAS28-CRP, CDAI and RF was detected in the patients with the strict adherence to the low gluten diet. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the strict adherence to a low gluten diet results in the decreased disease activity of RA.
{"title":"A Low Gluten Diet Suppresses Disease Activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis","authors":"Kenji Tani, Hinako Takagishi, Yoshihiro Okura, Shingo Kawaminami, Keisuke Kawahito, Keisuke Inaba, KaoriInaba, Akiko Miyatake, Keisuke Kondo, Yoshinori Nakanishi, R. Tabata, Teruki Shimizu, Harutaka Yamaguchi","doi":"10.35248/2157-7560.20.S7:001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7560.20.S7:001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a low gluten diet in the disease activity of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Methods: Among 109 patients with RA enrolled in this study, 98 patients who completed 16 weeks on a low gluten diet regimen were included in the study. At baseline, we gave the patients the information about gluten-free and gluten-contained foods, and asked them to refrain from the daily gluten consumption during the experimental period. Results: The low gluten diet significantly improved DAS28-CRP and CDAI scores after 16 weeks. The percentages of patients achieving DAS28-CRP and CDAI-defined remission or LDA were significantly increased after 16 weeks. There was a significant increase in the percentage of the responders in EULAR treatment response after 16 weeks. Rheumatoid Factor (RF) but not C-reactive protein was significantly decreased after 16 weeks. When the self-reported level about adherence to the low gluten diet was divided into three categories, a significant decrease in DAS28-CRP, CDAI and RF was detected in the patients with the strict adherence to the low gluten diet. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the strict adherence to a low gluten diet results in the decreased disease activity of RA.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89172524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.417
S. Choudhury, FazleMatin
Introduction: Although data presented in this study is a few years old, the author believes it is important to review in this era of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to underscore the importance of timely immunization of all children, particularly those who are HIV-infected. Even in the era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), HIVinfected individuals are at a higher risk of complications from vaccine-preventable diseases than the uninfected. Methods: Anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus antibodies (correlate of protection: antibody level>0.1 IU/ml) were assessed by ELISA in 29 HIV-infected and 20 uninfected children. Results: HIV- infected children were significantly more likely to have lower levels of antibody to diphtheria toxic when compared to their uninfected counterparts, in both the four dose (p=0.004) and the five dose (p=0.007) recipients. HIV-infected children were significantly (p=0.02) more likely to have non-protective immunity (antibody level<0.1 IU/ml) for diphtheria and tetanus toxoids than their uninfected counterparts, in the five dose recipients only. This difference in immunity between the groups, in the four-dose recipients was observed for diphtheria toxoid (p=0.05) only. Conclusion: Our study has determined that immunity to tetanus and diphtheria toxoids in HIV-infected children and adolescents is suboptimal when compared to their uninfected counterparts. We therefore, strongly recommend developing strategies within the scope of all pediatric practices, to keep up with timely vaccinations of all children and adolescents, particularly the high risk groups, in this era of COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Tetanus Toxoid and Diphtheria Toxoid in Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) - Infected Children and Adolescents","authors":"S. Choudhury, FazleMatin","doi":"10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7560.20.11.417","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although data presented in this study is a few years old, the author believes it is important to review in this era of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to underscore the importance of timely immunization of all children, particularly those who are HIV-infected. Even in the era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), HIVinfected individuals are at a higher risk of complications from vaccine-preventable diseases than the uninfected. Methods: Anti-diphtheria and anti-tetanus antibodies (correlate of protection: antibody level>0.1 IU/ml) were assessed by ELISA in 29 HIV-infected and 20 uninfected children. Results: HIV- infected children were significantly more likely to have lower levels of antibody to diphtheria toxic when compared to their uninfected counterparts, in both the four dose (p=0.004) and the five dose (p=0.007) recipients. HIV-infected children were significantly (p=0.02) more likely to have non-protective immunity (antibody level<0.1 IU/ml) for diphtheria and tetanus toxoids than their uninfected counterparts, in the five dose recipients only. This difference in immunity between the groups, in the four-dose recipients was observed for diphtheria toxoid (p=0.05) only. Conclusion: Our study has determined that immunity to tetanus and diphtheria toxoids in HIV-infected children and adolescents is suboptimal when compared to their uninfected counterparts. We therefore, strongly recommend developing strategies within the scope of all pediatric practices, to keep up with timely vaccinations of all children and adolescents, particularly the high risk groups, in this era of COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"78 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75216872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2157-7560.20.S4.004
T. Divya, On
Coronaviruses have formerly been considered as quite harmless respiratory viruses for humans. After two previous outbreaks of severe respiratory tract infection, caused by two different coronavirus namely the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERSCoV), this is the third time when a totally different type of coronavirus named as COVID-19 emerges and infect human population all over the World. This virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through some unknown intermediate species in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019. The infection of COVID-19 transmits by inhalation or contact with aerosols of infected patient and the incubation period vary from 2 days to 14 days. The symptoms disease are mild in most people and includes Sore throat, cough, fever and fatigue but in some patients (usually the elderly and those with some underlying disease), it may progress to pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction or failure. All these facts brought coronaviruses globally to limelight and also highlighted the necessity of controlling these pathogens.
{"title":"Twenty Years of Coronaviruses","authors":"T. Divya, On","doi":"10.35248/2157-7560.20.S4.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2157-7560.20.S4.004","url":null,"abstract":"Coronaviruses have formerly been considered as quite harmless respiratory viruses for humans. After two previous outbreaks of severe respiratory tract infection, caused by two different coronavirus namely the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERSCoV), this is the third time when a totally different type of coronavirus named as COVID-19 emerges and infect human population all over the World. This virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through some unknown intermediate species in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019. The infection of COVID-19 transmits by inhalation or contact with aerosols of infected patient and the incubation period vary from 2 days to 14 days. The symptoms disease are mild in most people and includes Sore throat, cough, fever and fatigue but in some patients (usually the elderly and those with some underlying disease), it may progress to pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ dysfunction or failure. All these facts brought coronaviruses globally to limelight and also highlighted the necessity of controlling these pathogens.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"112 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79550341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.24105/2157-7560.10.402
Rachel Friedrich, A. Patterson, Wesley Johnson, B. Fergen, Luis Hern, Ez, B. G. Liesner, J. Hermann
This study evaluated the efficacy of PCV2a and PCV2d vaccines against a PCV2 challenge. Three-week-old, cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs were blocked by litter and randomized to treatment group. Pigs received a single 2 mL intramuscular dose of either placebo (PLAC, n=50), PCV2a vaccine (PCV2aV, n=25), or PCV2d vaccine (PCV2dV, n=25) on D0 and were challenged with a PCV2d isolate on D28. Prior to challenge, a naturally occurring PCV2a infection was identified. Both vaccines similarly prevented lymphoid tissue lesions, mortality and clinical signs of PCVAD while PLAC pigs were severely affected. Viremia was significantly reduced 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-challenge and average daily weight gain was significantly increased for both vaccine groups. The prevention of mortality and very minimal occurrence of lymphoid tissue lesions in both vaccine groups, provides clear evidence of the benefit of PCV2 vaccination in the face of a virulent mixed PCV2 challenge.
{"title":"Efficacy of Porcine Circovirus Type 2a and 2d Based Vaccines Following PCV2 Challenge","authors":"Rachel Friedrich, A. Patterson, Wesley Johnson, B. Fergen, Luis Hern, Ez, B. G. Liesner, J. Hermann","doi":"10.24105/2157-7560.10.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24105/2157-7560.10.402","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the efficacy of PCV2a and PCV2d vaccines against a PCV2 challenge. Three-week-old, cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs were blocked by litter and randomized to treatment group. Pigs received a single 2 mL intramuscular dose of either placebo (PLAC, n=50), PCV2a vaccine (PCV2aV, n=25), or PCV2d vaccine (PCV2dV, n=25) on D0 and were challenged with a PCV2d isolate on D28. Prior to challenge, a naturally occurring PCV2a infection was identified. Both vaccines similarly prevented lymphoid tissue lesions, mortality and clinical signs of PCVAD while PLAC pigs were severely affected. Viremia was significantly reduced 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post-challenge and average daily weight gain was significantly increased for both vaccine groups. The prevention of mortality and very minimal occurrence of lymphoid tissue lesions in both vaccine groups, provides clear evidence of the benefit of PCV2 vaccination in the face of a virulent mixed PCV2 challenge.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78529791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2157-7560.1000397
Ryoko Sato
Objectives: We evaluate psychological barrier to and demand for tetanus-toxoid vaccination among women at childbearing age in rural northern Nigeria. Methods: In this individual-level randomized controlled trial, we randomize the condition under which women can receive cash incentives among 1,700 women; Clinic condition (N=822) and Vaccine condition (N=878). Women under Clinic condition could receive cash incentives if they visit assigned clinic, while women under Vaccine condition could receive cash incentives if they visit assigned clinic and get vaccinated at the clinic. Results: 1,268 (74.6%) women visited the clinic (611 [74.3%] of 822 in Clinic condition and 657 [74.8%] of 878 in Vaccine condition), and 1,242 (73.1%) women received the vaccination (585 [71.2%] of 822 in Clinic condition and 657 [74.8%] of 878 in Vaccine condition). There was no statistical difference in clinic attendance between two conditions. Under Clinic condition, 95.7% of women received the vaccination once they visited the clinic, although it was not a requirement for them to receive cash incentives. Conclusion: Psychological barrier is not a major barrier to vaccination among women in northern Nigeria because there is no need of additional incentive for women to receive vaccination once they visit the clinic.
{"title":"Psychological Barrier to Tetanus-Toxoid Vaccination among Nigerian Women","authors":"Ryoko Sato","doi":"10.4172/2157-7560.1000397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7560.1000397","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: We evaluate psychological barrier to and demand for tetanus-toxoid vaccination among women at childbearing age in rural northern Nigeria. Methods: In this individual-level randomized controlled trial, we randomize the condition under which women can receive cash incentives among 1,700 women; Clinic condition (N=822) and Vaccine condition (N=878). Women under Clinic condition could receive cash incentives if they visit assigned clinic, while women under Vaccine condition could receive cash incentives if they visit assigned clinic and get vaccinated at the clinic. Results: 1,268 (74.6%) women visited the clinic (611 [74.3%] of 822 in Clinic condition and 657 [74.8%] of 878 in Vaccine condition), and 1,242 (73.1%) women received the vaccination (585 [71.2%] of 822 in Clinic condition and 657 [74.8%] of 878 in Vaccine condition). There was no statistical difference in clinic attendance between two conditions. Under Clinic condition, 95.7% of women received the vaccination once they visited the clinic, although it was not a requirement for them to receive cash incentives. Conclusion: Psychological barrier is not a major barrier to vaccination among women in northern Nigeria because there is no need of additional incentive for women to receive vaccination once they visit the clinic.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74272483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.24105/2157-7560.10.399
A. Paderno, A. Garolla, S. Pecorelli, Alberto Lombardi, C. Pinto, G. Icardi, F. Bonetti, F. Mennini, M. Conversano, A. Isidori, L. Mariani, G. Rezza, A. Peracino
The aim of this review is to evaluate the complex interaction between HPV and human body, in order to contextualize its role in the development of infective-related disease and neoplastic transformation. While the clinical value of vaccination on the field of gynecology has been widely investigated, the growing introduction of universal coverage (both males and females) leads to the need to extend investigations to adjunctive areas of interest. This is the rationale to extend and combine in a single review the main emerging areas where the HPV vaccination could induce an effective immunological response: HPV-related upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) pathologies, and HPV-related alterations of reproductive processes in males and females. There is no doubt that universal vaccination against HPV (9vHPV) is demonstrating its effectiveness in the prevention of most HPV-related conditions and worldwide prevalence data allow us to consider HPV vaccination from adolescence to late adulthood. We can conclude that: i) HPV infection is still very prevalent in sexually active population and may be associated to cervical, oropharyngeal, penile and anal cancers; ii) due to HPV vaccination and screening for cervical cancer, the incidence of cervical carcinoma is strongly decreased; iii) the rate of oropharyngeal cancer is growing worldwide and since 2010 it represents in males the most frequent HPV related cancer among U.S. population; iv) HPV semen infection, has been related to impaired sperm parameters, higher miscarriage rate and, in general, to couple infertility both by natural and assisted conception; v) recent efforts toward a universal vaccination against HPV have demonstrated its effectiveness in the prevention of most HPV-related conditions; vi) growing evidences suggest positive effects of adjuvant vaccination in patients with HPV related cancer and in HPV infected infertile couples.
{"title":"HPV Vaccination Concepts in the Reality of Today","authors":"A. Paderno, A. Garolla, S. Pecorelli, Alberto Lombardi, C. Pinto, G. Icardi, F. Bonetti, F. Mennini, M. Conversano, A. Isidori, L. Mariani, G. Rezza, A. Peracino","doi":"10.24105/2157-7560.10.399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24105/2157-7560.10.399","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this review is to evaluate the complex interaction between HPV and human body, in order to contextualize its role in the development of infective-related disease and neoplastic transformation. While the clinical value of vaccination on the field of gynecology has been widely investigated, the growing introduction of universal coverage (both males and females) leads to the need to extend investigations to adjunctive areas of interest. This is the rationale to extend and combine in a single review the main emerging areas where the HPV vaccination could induce an effective immunological response: HPV-related upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) pathologies, and HPV-related alterations of reproductive processes in males and females. There is no doubt that universal vaccination against HPV (9vHPV) is demonstrating its effectiveness in the prevention of most HPV-related conditions and worldwide prevalence data allow us to consider HPV vaccination from adolescence to late adulthood. We can conclude that: i) HPV infection is still very prevalent in sexually active population and may be associated to cervical, oropharyngeal, penile and anal cancers; ii) due to HPV vaccination and screening for cervical cancer, the incidence of cervical carcinoma is strongly decreased; iii) the rate of oropharyngeal cancer is growing worldwide and since 2010 it represents in males the most frequent HPV related cancer among U.S. population; iv) HPV semen infection, has been related to impaired sperm parameters, higher miscarriage rate and, in general, to couple infertility both by natural and assisted conception; v) recent efforts toward a universal vaccination against HPV have demonstrated its effectiveness in the prevention of most HPV-related conditions; vi) growing evidences suggest positive effects of adjuvant vaccination in patients with HPV related cancer and in HPV infected infertile couples.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84841788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2157-7560.1000403
E. Al-Ebrahim, A. Algazzar, Mohammed A. Qutub
Background: Allergic autoimmune reaction causing Myopericarditis post vaccine is extremely rare. The patient had received meningococcal vaccine (Groups A, C, W-135 and Y conjugate vaccine oligosaccharides) 5 days prior to the onset of symptoms. Case summary: We report a case of previously healthy young patient who received Meningococcal vaccine (Meningococcal Groups A, C, W-135 and Y conjugate vaccine), and diagnosed as acute reactive Pericarditis 5 days after vaccination. Treated with Acetylsalicylic acid and colchicine followed by resolution of the cardiac inflammation and subsequent complete recovery. Reviewing the literature, we did not find a similar report. Conclusion: This case highlights that rare complication, reactive pericarditis, could happen after Meningococcal vaccine like after post Meningococcal infection.
{"title":"Reactive Pericarditis Post Meningococcal Vaccine","authors":"E. Al-Ebrahim, A. Algazzar, Mohammed A. Qutub","doi":"10.4172/2157-7560.1000403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7560.1000403","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Allergic autoimmune reaction causing Myopericarditis post vaccine is extremely rare. The patient had received meningococcal vaccine (Groups A, C, W-135 and Y conjugate vaccine oligosaccharides) 5 days prior to the onset of symptoms. Case summary: We report a case of previously healthy young patient who received Meningococcal vaccine (Meningococcal Groups A, C, W-135 and Y conjugate vaccine), and diagnosed as acute reactive Pericarditis 5 days after vaccination. Treated with Acetylsalicylic acid and colchicine followed by resolution of the cardiac inflammation and subsequent complete recovery. Reviewing the literature, we did not find a similar report. Conclusion: This case highlights that rare complication, reactive pericarditis, could happen after Meningococcal vaccine like after post Meningococcal infection.","PeriodicalId":17656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vaccines and Vaccination","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89713881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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