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Necrotizing Enterocolitis Detection in Premature Infants Using Broadband Optical Spectroscopy 利用宽带光学光谱仪检测早产儿坏死性小肠结肠炎
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400273
Ethan Flowerday, Ali Daneshkhah, Yuanzhe Su, Vadim Backman, Seth D. Goldstein

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disease affecting premature infants. Broadband optical spectroscopy (BOS) is a method of noninvasive optical data collection from intra-abdominal organs in premature infants, offering potential for disease detection. Herein, a novel machine learning approach, iterative principal component analysis (iPCA), is developed to select optimal wavelengths from BOS data collected in vivo from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients for NEC classification. Neural network models were trained for classification, with a reduced-feature model distinguishing NEC with an accuracy of 88%, a sensitivity of 89%, and a specificity of 88%. While whole-spectrum models performed the best for accuracy and specificity, a reduced feature model excelled in sensitivity, with minimal cost to other metrics. This research supports the hypothesis that the analysis of human tissue via BOS may permit noninvasive disease detection. Furthermore, a medical device optimized with these models may potentially screen for NEC with as few as seven wavelengths.

坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是一种影响早产儿的毁灭性疾病。宽带光学光谱(BOS)是一种从早产儿腹腔内器官收集无创光学数据的方法,为疾病检测提供了潜力。本文开发了一种新颖的机器学习方法--迭代主成分分析法(iPCA),从新生儿重症监护室(NICU)患者体内采集的 BOS 数据中选择最佳波长进行 NEC 分类。对神经网络模型进行了分类训练,简化特征模型区分 NEC 的准确率为 88%,灵敏度为 89%,特异性为 88%。虽然全谱模型在准确性和特异性方面表现最佳,但缩减特征模型在灵敏度方面表现突出,而且对其他指标的影响最小。这项研究支持了通过 BOS 分析人体组织可以进行非侵入性疾病检测的假设。此外,利用这些模型优化的医疗设备可能只需 7 个波长就能筛查 NEC。
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引用次数: 0
Label-Free Detection of Breast Phyllodes Tumors Based on Multiphoton Microscopy 基于多光子显微镜的乳腺植物瘤无标记检测技术
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400392
Xi Chen, Junzhen Jiang, Liwen Hu, Xiaoli Su, Zheng Zhang, Xiong Zhang, Tao Zhong, Jianping Huang, Shulian Wu, Lina Liu, Jianxin Chen, Liqin Zheng, Xingfu Wang

Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare breast stroma neoplasms, and their accurate identification at various stages is essential for personalized patient treatment. In this study, multiphoton microscopy (MPM) with two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging was used for label-free detection and differentiation of PTs and normal breast tissue. An automated image processing strategy was developed to quantify changes in collagen fiber morphology within the stroma and boundary of PTs, establishing optical diagnostic characteristics of PTs using MPM. The results demonstrated that MPM could be used for the detection of different stages of PTs, and the morphological alterations in collagen fibers could serve as critical indicators of PT malignancy, offering new insights for the diagnosis and grading of benign, borderline, and malignant PTs. It lays the groundwork for the future application of compact MPM for the rapid detection and diagnosis of PTs.

植物瘤(PTs)是一种罕见的乳腺间质肿瘤,在不同阶段对其进行准确识别对于患者的个性化治疗至关重要。在这项研究中,多光子显微镜(MPM)与双光子激发荧光(TPEF)和二次谐波发生(SHG)成像被用于无标记检测和区分PTs和正常乳腺组织。研究人员开发了一种自动图像处理策略,用于量化PTs基质和边界内胶原纤维形态的变化,从而利用MPM建立PTs的光学诊断特征。结果表明,MPM 可用于检测不同阶段的 PT,胶原纤维的形态变化可作为 PT 恶性的关键指标,为良性、边缘性和恶性 PT 的诊断和分级提供了新的见解。该研究为今后应用紧凑型 MPM 快速检测和诊断 PT 奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Wavelet Phase Coherence Analysis of Oxyhemoglobin and DeoxyHemoglobin Oscillations to Investigate the Relationship Between Cups of Cupping Therapy 对氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白振荡的小波相干分析,以研究拔罐疗法杯之间的关系。
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400337
Liwan Huang, Pu-Chun Mo, Mansoureh Samadi, Wei-Cheng Shen, Hongjun Yu, Manuel Hernandez, Yih-Kuen Jan

Research has not demonstrated whether multiple cups of negative pressure cupping therapy would induce interactions of hemodynamic responses between different areas. A multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to assess oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin oscillations in response to cupping therapy. Wavelet transform and wavelet phase (WPC) coherence were used to quantify NIRS signals. Three levels of negative pressure (−75, −225, and −300 mmHg) were applied to the gastrocnemius in 12 healthy adults. Oxyhemoglobin coherence between the two inside-cup areas was higher at −75 mmHg compared to −300 mmHg in both metabolic (WPC = 0.80 ± 0.11 vs. 0.73 ± 0.13) and neurogenic (WPC = 0.70 ± 0.11 vs. 0.60 ± 0.17) controls. Deoxyhemoglobin coherence was also higher at −75 mmHg compared to −300 mmHg in both metabolic (WPC = 0.78 ± 0.11 vs. 0.66 ± 0.14) and neurogenic (WPC = 0.67 ± 0.11 vs. 0.58 ± 0.13) controls. Our study provides first evidence on the interaction of hemodynamic responses between the two cups of cupping therapy using WPC analysis of NIRS signals.

研究尚未证明多杯负压拔罐疗法是否会引起不同区域之间血液动力学反应的相互作用。多通道近红外光谱(NIRS)用于评估氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白对拔罐疗法的振荡反应。小波变换和小波相位(WPC)相干被用来量化 NIRS 信号。对 12 名健康成年人的腓肠肌施加三个水平的负压(-75、-225 和 -300mmHg)。在代谢性(WPC = 0.80 ± 0.11 vs. 0.73 ± 0.13)和神经源性(WPC = 0.70 ± 0.11 vs. 0.60 ± 0.17)对照组中,-75 mmHg 时两个肚脐内侧区域的氧合血红蛋白相干性高于-300 mmHg。代谢性(WPC = 0.78 ± 0.11 vs. 0.66 ± 0.14)和神经源性(WPC = 0.67 ± 0.11 vs. 0.58 ± 0.13)对照组在-75 mmHg时的脱氧血红蛋白一致性也高于-300 mmHg时的脱氧血红蛋白一致性。我们的研究利用近红外光谱信号的 WPC 分析,首次提供了两杯拔罐疗法之间血液动力学反应相互作用的证据。
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引用次数: 0
High-Efficiency Targeted Gene Transfection of Cells Using Temporal and Spatial Shaping Femtosecond Laser Irradiation 利用时间和空间塑形飞秒激光照射实现高效的细胞靶向基因转染。
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400409
Baoshan Guo, Ziyan Song

Laser-irradiation-assisted cell gene transfection is sterile and nontoxic, but the low transfection efficiency cannot meet the application requirements. To improve the efficiency, a temporal and spatial shaping method of a femtosecond laser is proposed. Using the time shaping method, we can segment the pulse into subpulses of varying energies and with a defined delay, thereby influencing the interaction between electrons and photons, ultimately enhancing transfection efficiency. The transfection efficiency is further improved by spatially shaping the laser pulse to extend the focusing beam's working distance and reduce the cell's sensitivity to the focal position. Through the characterization of the viability and transfection efficiency of HEK-293T cells, the method achieved efficient and active transfection, with a maximum transfection efficiency of 45.1% and a cell survival rate of 93.6%. This method provides key technical support for femtosecond laser transfection and promotes its further application in clinical practice.

激光照射辅助细胞基因转染具有无菌、无毒的特点,但转染效率较低,不能满足应用要求。为了提高转染效率,我们提出了一种飞秒激光的时间和空间整形方法。利用时间整形法,我们可以将脉冲分割成不同能量和不同延迟的子脉冲,从而影响电子和光子之间的相互作用,最终提高转染效率。通过对激光脉冲进行空间整形,延长聚焦光束的工作距离,降低细胞对聚焦位置的敏感性,从而进一步提高转染效率。通过对 HEK-293T 细胞存活率和转染效率的表征,该方法实现了高效、主动转染,最高转染效率达 45.1%,细胞存活率达 93.6%。该方法为飞秒激光转染提供了关键技术支撑,促进了飞秒激光转染在临床上的进一步应用。
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引用次数: 0
An In Vitro Study of 355-nm Laser Ablation of Atherosclerotic Lesions Model 355纳米激光消融动脉粥样硬化病变模型的体外研究
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400329
Fangying Wei, Jiajun He, Shiyong Zhao, Peng Lei, Qingjie Zhang, Guangxi Li, Xiaopeng Li, Xin Ding, Jianquan Yao

A study of 355 nm laser with high pulse energy across various types of atherosclerotic lesion models is presented. The 355 nm laser pulses (10 ns) are delivered via a single fiber (600 μm diameter), and the ablation of calcified tissue, lipid tissue, and thrombus-like tissue are studied under varied laser fluence (40–70 mJ/mm2) and repetition rate (5–30 Hz). The contact and noncontact ablation processes of chicken tibia samples (calcified tissue) are compared at 60 mJ/mm2 and 30 Hz, and the size of ablation particles is in the range of 0.1–1 μm. At the same repetition rate, the advancement rate of tricalcium phosphate samples reaches 150 μm/s at 70 mJ/mm2. Calcified and lipid models demonstrate predictable increases in ablation with higher laser fluence and repetition rate. The fresh porcine blood clot samples exhibit high-quality ablation with good channel effect at 50 mJ/mm2 and 30 Hz.

本文介绍了一项针对各种类型动脉粥样硬化病变模型的高脉冲能量 355 nm 激光研究。355 nm 激光脉冲(10 ns)通过单根光纤(直径 600 μm)传输,在不同的激光能量(40-70 mJ/mm2)和重复率(5-30 Hz)条件下研究了钙化组织、脂质组织和血栓样组织的消融情况。比较了鸡胫骨样本(钙化组织)在 60 mJ/mm2 和 30 Hz 下的接触式和非接触式烧蚀过程,烧蚀颗粒的大小在 0.1-1 μm 之间。在相同的重复率下,磷酸三钙样品在 70 mJ/mm2 时的推进速度达到 150 μm/s。钙化和脂质模型的烧蚀率随着激光能量和重复率的增加而增加。在 50 mJ/mm2 和 30 Hz 的条件下,新鲜猪血凝块样品表现出高质量的消融和良好的通道效应。
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引用次数: 0
Deep Learning With Optical Coherence Tomography for Melanoma Identification and Risk Prediction 深度学习与光学相干断层扫描用于黑色素瘤识别和风险预测。
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400277
Pei-Yu Lai, Tai-Yu Shih, Yu-Huan Chang, Chung-Hsing Chang, Wen-Chuan Kuo

Malignant melanoma is the most severe skin cancer with a rising incidence rate. Several noninvasive image techniques and computer-aided diagnosis systems have been developed to help find melanoma in its early stages. However, most previous research utilized dermoscopic images to build a diagnosis model, and only a few used prospective datasets. This study develops and evaluates a convolutional neural network (CNN) for melanoma identification and risk prediction using optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of mice skin. Longitudinal tests are performed on four animal models: melanoma mice, dysplastic nevus mice, and their respective controls. The CNN classifies melanoma and healthy tissues with high sensitivity (0.99) and specificity (0.98) and also assigns a risk score to each image based on the probability of melanoma presence, which may facilitate early diagnosis and management of melanoma in clinical settings.

恶性黑色素瘤是最严重的皮肤癌,发病率不断上升。目前已开发出几种无创图像技术和计算机辅助诊断系统,以帮助在早期阶段发现黑色素瘤。然而,以往的研究大多利用皮肤镜图像来建立诊断模型,只有少数研究使用了前瞻性数据集。本研究利用小鼠皮肤的光学相干断层扫描(OCT)成像,开发并评估了用于黑色素瘤识别和风险预测的卷积神经网络(CNN)。对四种动物模型进行了纵向测试:黑色素瘤小鼠、发育不良痣小鼠及其各自的对照组。CNN 对黑色素瘤和健康组织进行分类的灵敏度(0.99)和特异性(0.98)都很高,还能根据黑色素瘤存在的概率为每张图像分配一个风险分数,这可能有助于在临床环境中对黑色素瘤进行早期诊断和管理。
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引用次数: 0
Hybrid Raman and Partial Wave Spectroscopy Microscope for the Characterization of Molecular and Structural Alterations in Tissue 用于表征组织中分子和结构变化的混合拉曼和部分波谱显微镜。
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400330
Elena Kriukova, Mikhail Mazurenka, Sabrina Marcazzan, Sarah Glasl, Michael Quante, Dieter Saur, Markus Tschurtschenthaler, Gerwin J. Puppels, Dimitris Gorpas, Vasilis Ntziachristos

We present a hybrid Raman spectroscopy (RS) and partial wave spectroscopy (PWS) microscope for the characterization of molecular and structural tissue alterations. The PWS performance was assessed with surface roughness standards, while the Raman performance with a silicon crystal standard. We also validated the system on stomach and intestinal mouse tissues, two closely-related tissue types, and demonstrate that the addition of PWS information improves RS data classification for these tissue types from R2 = 0.892 to R2 = 0.964 (norm of residuals 0.863 and 0.497, respectively). Then, in a proof-of-concept experiment, we show that the hybrid system can detect changes in intestinal tissues harvested from a tumorigenic Villin-Cre, Apcfl/wt mouse. We discuss how the hybrid modality offers new abilities to identify the relative roles of PWS morphological features and Raman molecular fingerprints, possibly allowing for their combination to enhance the study of carcinogenesis and early cancer diagnostics in the future.

我们介绍了一种混合拉曼光谱(RS)和偏振波谱(PWS)显微镜,用于表征分子和组织结构的变化。PWS 性能通过表面粗糙度标准进行评估,而拉曼性能则通过硅晶体标准进行评估。我们还在胃和肠道小鼠组织(两种密切相关的组织类型)上验证了该系统,并证明增加 PWS 信息可将这些组织类型的 RS 数据分类从 R2 = 0.892 提高到 R2 = 0.964(残差规范分别为 0.863 和 0.497)。然后,在概念验证实验中,我们展示了混合系统可以检测从致瘤 Villin-Cre、Apcfl/wt 小鼠身上采集的肠道组织的变化。我们讨论了混合模式如何为确定 PWS 形态特征和拉曼分子指纹的相对作用提供了新的能力,使它们有可能结合起来,在未来加强致癌研究和早期癌症诊断。
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引用次数: 0
Optical Biosensors for Detection of Cancer Biomarkers: Current and Future Perspectives 用于检测癌症生物标记物的光学生物传感器:当前和未来展望。
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400243
Dharsini Narayana Moorthy, Durgalakshmi Dhinasekaran, P. N. Blessy Rebecca, Ajay Rakkesh Rajendran

Optical biosensors are emerging as a promising technique for the sensitive and accurate detection of cancer biomarkers, enabling significant advancements in the field of early diagnosis. This study elaborates on the latest developments in optical biosensors designed for detecting cancer biomarkers, highlighting their vital significance in early cancer diagnosis. When combined with targeted nanoparticles, the bio-fluids can help in the molecular stage diagnosis of cancer. This enhances the discrimination of disease from the normal subjects drastically. The optical sensor methods that are involved in the disease diagnosis and imaging of cancer taken for the present review are surface plasmon resonance, localized surface plasmon resonance, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and colorimetric sensing. The article meticulously describes the specific biomarkers and analytes that optical biosensors target. Beyond elucidating the underlying principles and applications, this article furnishes an overview of recent breakthroughs and emerging trends in the field. This encompasses the evolution of innovative nanomaterials and nanostructures designed to augment sensitivity and the incorporation of microfluidics for facilitating point-of-care testing, thereby charting a course towards prospective advancements.

光学生物传感器正在成为灵敏、准确地检测癌症生物标志物的一项前景广阔的技术,使早期诊断领域取得了重大进展。本研究阐述了用于检测癌症生物标志物的光学生物传感器的最新发展,强调了其在癌症早期诊断中的重要意义。当生物流体与靶向纳米粒子相结合时,可帮助进行癌症的分子阶段诊断。这大大提高了疾病与正常人的鉴别能力。本综述中涉及癌症疾病诊断和成像的光学传感器方法包括表面等离子体共振、局部表面等离子体共振、荧光共振能量转移、表面增强拉曼光谱和比色传感。文章细致地描述了光学生物传感器所针对的特定生物标记物和分析物。除了阐明基本原理和应用外,本文还概述了该领域的最新突破和新兴趋势。其中包括旨在提高灵敏度的创新型纳米材料和纳米结构的演变,以及用于促进床旁检测的微流控技术的应用,从而为未来的发展指明了方向。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Ischemic Stroke Evaluation by a Model-Based Photoacoustic Tomography Algorithm 通过基于模型的光声断层扫描算法加强缺血性脑卒中评估
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400203
Yuanyuan Li, Yi Lin, Boyi Li, Ting Feng, Dan Li, Ying Li, Yi Wu, Dean Ta

Ischemic stroke (IS) is characterized by the sudden interruption of blood supply to the brain, resulting in neurological impairments and even mortality. Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) integrates the high contrast of optical imaging and the penetration of ultrasound imaging, enabling non-invasive IS evaluation. However, the image reconstruction quality significantly affects the oxyhemoglobin saturation (sO2) estimation. This study investigates a model-based with total variation minimized by augmented Lagrangian and alternating direction (MB-TVAL3) approach and compared it with the widely used back-projection (BP) and delay-and-sum (DAS) algorithms. Both simulations and in vivo experiments are conducted to validate the performance of the MB-TVAL3 algorithm, showing a higher sO2 estimation accuracy and sensitivity in detecting infarct area compared to BP and DAS. The findings of this study emphasize the impact of acoustic inverse problem on the accuracy of sO2 estimation and the proposed approach offers valuable support for IS evaluation and cerebrovascular diagnosis.

缺血性中风(IS)的特点是大脑供血突然中断,导致神经功能损伤甚至死亡。光声计算机断层扫描(PACT)集成了光学成像的高对比度和超声成像的穿透性,可对缺血性中风进行无创评估。然而,图像重建质量会严重影响氧合血红蛋白饱和度(sO2)的估算。本研究探讨了基于模型的总变异最小化增强拉格朗日和交替方向(MB-TVAL3)方法,并将其与广泛使用的反向投影(BP)和延迟求和(DAS)算法进行了比较。模拟和活体实验验证了 MB-TVAL3 算法的性能,结果表明与 BP 和 DAS 相比,MB-TVAL3 算法在检测梗死区域方面具有更高的 sO2 估计精度和灵敏度。这项研究的结果强调了声逆问题对 sO2 估计精度的影响,所提出的方法为 IS 评估和脑血管诊断提供了有价值的支持。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Optical Attenuation and Skin Thickness in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Optical Coherence Tomography 利用光学相干断层扫描评估 2 型糖尿病患者的光学衰减和皮肤厚度。
IF 2 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400267
Minghui Chen, Yue Shen, Jianguo Zhu, Tingwei Su, Yifei Zhang, Weiqing Wang, Chang Chen, Lin Zhou

Diabetes management often involves invasive blood glucose monitoring, which can be uncomfortable for patients. Non-invasive techniques like multiple μ-spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (mμSORS) offer a promising alternative. To provide clinical data supporting mμSORS, we conducted a clinical trial with 198 participants to evaluate mμSORS for non-invasive blood glucose measurement. Using Optical Coherence Tomography, we studied skin thickness and optical attenuation in 172 diabetic and 26 healthy subjects. Results showed thicker stratum corneum and stratum spinosum (SS) in diabetics. Epidermal thickness increased with age and body mass index (BMI), decreased with skin brightness, and varied minimally with gender. Optical attenuation in SS was lower in diabetics, decreased with increasing a*, and was minimally affected by gender and BMI but increased with age in the upper dermis. These findings support mμSORS for accurate non-invasive glucose monitoring.

糖尿病管理通常涉及侵入性血糖监测,这可能会让患者感到不适。多μ空间偏移拉曼光谱(mμSORS)等非侵入性技术提供了一种很有前景的替代方法。为了提供支持 mμSORS 的临床数据,我们对 198 名参与者进行了一项临床试验,以评估 mμSORS 在无创血糖测量中的应用。我们使用光学相干断层扫描技术研究了 172 名糖尿病患者和 26 名健康受试者的皮肤厚度和光学衰减。结果显示,糖尿病患者的角质层和棘层(SS)较厚。表皮厚度随年龄和体重指数(BMI)的增加而增加,随皮肤亮度的增加而减少,随性别的变化很小。在糖尿病患者中,SS 的光学衰减较低,随着 a* 的增加而降低,受性别和体重指数的影响很小,但在真皮上部随着年龄的增长而增加。这些研究结果支持将 mμSORS 用于准确的无创葡萄糖监测。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Biophotonics
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