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Dominant clones leverage developmental epigenomic states to drive ependymoma 显性克隆利用发育表观基因组状态来驱动室管膜瘤
IF 64.8 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10270-8
Alisha S. Kardian, Hua Sun, Siri Ippagunta, Nicholas Laboe, Srinidhi Varadharajan, Kwanha Yu, Hsiao-Chi Chen, Erik Emanus, Tuyu Zheng, Riley M. Deneen, Jon P. Connelly, Yong-Dong Wang, Jiangshan Zhan, Hengxi Liu, Kimberley Lowe, Taylor Bugbee, Rakesh Pathak, Amanda Bland, Sanya Mehta, Sophie Cochiolo, Amir Arabzade, Blake Holcomb, Kaitlin M. Budd, Gabriele Kembuan, Tristen Wright, Emma Caesar, Maxwell Park, Amelia Hancock, David Gee, Joel Murdoch, Yi Xiao, Samuel K. McBrayer, Thomas E. Merchant, Jun Qi, Adam D. Durbin, Lindsay A. Schwarz, Li Wang, Andrew M. Donson, Nicholas K. Foreman, Sameer Agnihotri, Alfonso Lavado, Suzanne J. Baker, David W. Ellison, Hyun Kyoung Lee, Shondra M. Pruett-Miller, Kelsey C. Bertrand, Benjamin Deneen, Stephen C. Mack
ZFTA–RELA is the most recurrent genetic alteration seen in paediatric supratentorial ependymoma (EPN) and is sufficient to initiate tumours in mice1. Despite its oncogenic potential, ZFTA–RELA (ZR) is observed nearly exclusively in childhood EPN, with tumours located distinctly in the supratentorial brain of the central nervous system1. We proposed that specific chromatin modules accessible during brain development would render distinct cell lineage programs at direct risk of transformation by ZR. To test this hypothesis, we performed combined single-nucleus assay for transposase-accessible chromatin and RNA (snMultiome) sequencing of the developing mouse forebrain compared with ZR-driven mouse and human EPN. We demonstrated that specific developmental lineage programs present in transient progenitor cells and regulated by PLAG/L family transcription factors were at risk of neoplastic transformation. Binding of this chromatin network by ZR or other PLAG/L family motifs targeting fusion oncoproteins led to persistent chromatin accessibility at oncogenic loci and oncogene expression. Cross-species analysis of mouse and human ZR EPN revealed significant cell type heterogeneity indicating incomplete neurogenic and gliogenic differentiation, with a small percentage of cycling progenitor-like or radial glial-like cells that established a putative tumour cell hierarchy. In vivo lineage tracing studies identified neoplastic clones that aggressively dominated tumour growth and established the entire EPN cellular hierarchy. These findings identify developmental epigenomic states that are critical for fusion-oncoprotein-driven transformation and show how these states continue to shape tumour progression.
zfa - rela是儿科幕上室管膜瘤(EPN)中最常见的复发性基因改变,足以在小鼠中引发肿瘤1。尽管具有致癌潜力,ZFTA-RELA (ZR)几乎只在儿童EPN中观察到,肿瘤明显位于中枢神经系统的幕上脑1。我们提出,在大脑发育过程中可获得的特定染色质模块将使不同的细胞谱系程序面临ZR转化的直接风险。为了验证这一假设,我们对发育中的小鼠前脑进行了转座酶可及的染色质和RNA (snMultiome)测序,并与zr驱动的小鼠和人类EPN进行了比较。我们证明了瞬时祖细胞中存在的由PLAG/L家族转录因子调控的特定发育谱系程序具有肿瘤转化的风险。该染色质网络被ZR或其他靶向融合癌蛋白的PLAG/L家族基序结合,导致染色质在致癌位点和癌基因表达上的持续可及性。小鼠和人ZR EPN的跨物种分析显示了显著的细胞类型异质性,表明神经源性和胶质源性分化不完全,一小部分循环祖细胞样细胞或放射状胶质样细胞建立了假定的肿瘤细胞等级。体内谱系追踪研究确定了肿瘤克隆积极主导肿瘤生长,并建立了整个EPN细胞层次结构。这些发现确定了对融合癌蛋白驱动转化至关重要的发育表观基因组状态,并显示了这些状态如何继续塑造肿瘤进展。
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引用次数: 0
Major conference catches illicit AI use — and rejects hundreds of papers 大型会议发现了人工智能的非法使用,并拒绝了数百篇论文
IF 64.8 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-026-00893-2
Elizabeth Gibney
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引用次数: 0
Dogs were widely distributed across western Eurasia during the Palaeolithic 旧石器时代,狗广泛分布在欧亚大陆西部
IF 64.8 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10170-x
William A. Marsh, Lachie Scarsbrook, Eren Yüncü, Lizzie Hodgson, Audrey T. Lin, Maria De Iorio, Olaf Thalmann, Mark G. Thomas, Mahaut Goor, Anders Bergström, Angela Noseda, Sarieh Amiri, Fereidoun Biglari, Dušan Borić, Katia Bougiouri, Alberto Carmagnini, Maddalena Giannì, Tom Higham, Ophelie Lebrasseur, Anna Linderholm, Marcello A. Mannino, Caroline Middleton, Gökhan Mustafaoğlu, Angela Perri, Joris Peters, Mike Richards, Özlem Sarıtaş, Pontus Skoglund, Rhiannon E. Stevens, Chris Stringer, Kristina Tabbada, Helen M. Talbot, Laura G. Van der Sluis, Silvia M. Bello, Vesna Dimitrijevic, Louise Martin, Marjan Mashkour, Simon A. Parfitt, Sonja Vukovic, Selina Brace, Oliver E. Craig, Douglas Baird, Sophy Charlton, Greger Larson, Ian Barnes, Laurent A. F. Frantz
Archaeological evidence suggests that dogs diverged from wolves during the Palaeolithic, more than 15,000 years ago1,2,3,4,5,6,7. The earliest unequivocal genetic evidence, however, is associated with dog remains from Mesolithic archaeological contexts approximately 10,900 years ago8,9. Here we generate both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes from canid remains at Pınarbaşı in Türkiye (15,800 years ago)10 and Gough’s Cave in the UK (14,300 years ago)11, as well as from dogs excavated from two Mesolithic sites in Serbia (Padina between 11,500–7,900 years ago and Vlasac 8,900 years ago)12,13. Our analyses indicate that a genetically homogeneous dog population was already widely distributed across Europe and Anatolia during the Late Upper Palaeolithic (by at least 14,300 years ago). This finding suggests that dogs were exchanged among genetically and culturally distinct western Eurasian Late Palaeolithic human populations, namely the Magdalenian, Epigravettian and Anatolian hunter-gatherers10,14,15,16. Last, we identify a major influx of eastern Eurasian dog ancestry during the Mesolithic, concomitant with the movement of eastern hunter-gatherer populations into Europe14, which led to the establishment of the primary ancestry characteristics that define European dog populations today.
考古证据表明,狗在15000年前的旧石器时代(paleolithic)就与狼分道扬镳了1、2、3、4、5、6、7。然而,最早的明确遗传证据与大约10,900年前的中石器时代考古背景下的狗遗骸有关8,9。在这里,我们从 rkiye(15800年前)Pınarbaşı和英国Gough 's Cave(14300年前)的犬科动物遗骸中,以及从塞尔维亚两个中石器时代遗址(11500 - 7900年前的Padina和8900年前的Vlasac)出土的狗中,生成了核和线粒体基因组12,13。我们的分析表明,在旧石器时代晚期(至少14300年前),基因同质的狗种群已经广泛分布在欧洲和安纳托利亚。这一发现表明,狗在遗传上和文化上都不同的欧亚大陆西部晚旧石器时代人群之间进行了交换,即马格达莱尼人、埃皮格拉维特人和安纳托利亚狩猎采集者10,14,15,16。最后,我们确定了中石器时代东欧亚狗祖先的大量涌入,与此同时,东部狩猎采集者种群向欧洲迁移,这导致了确定今天欧洲狗种群的主要祖先特征的建立。
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引用次数: 0
Functional hierarchy of the human neocortex across the lifespan 人类新皮层在整个生命周期中的功能层次
IF 64.8 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10219-x
Hoyt Patrick Taylor IV, Khoi Minh Huynh, Kim-Han Thung, Guoye Lin, Wenjiao Lyu, Weili Lin, Sahar Ahmad, Pew-Thian Yap
Large-scale gradients of functional connectivity between brain areas organize the human neocortex, linking brain topography to the texture of cognition1,2. In adults, three dominant axes—sensory–association, visual–somatosensory and modulation–representation—run, respectively, from primary sensory to transmodal association areas, from visual to body-centred systems and from control and attention networks to default mode and sensory areas1,2,3,4. These gradients provide a compact description of large-scale cortical hierarchies that underlie distinct modes of information processing. However, how these gradients and their multiscale biological and cognitive correlates evolve across the lifespan is unknown. Here we establish a continuous normative reference of functional organization from birth to 100 years of age, revealing complex, nonlinear developmental trajectories. Gradient architecture is anchored by primary sensory systems in infancy, differentiates along association and control axes during childhood and adolescence and gradually dedifferentiates during ageing. The importance of this functional architecture is corroborated by biology and behaviour: gradient metrics predict cognitive performance across development; structure–function coupling varies by axis and age; and distinct transcriptomic signatures are strongest early in life and weaken with age, consistent with a transient genetic scaffold for gradient architecture. Our lifespan gradients unify diverse research into developmental brain connectivity and provide a shared multimodal reference for future studies.
大脑区域间功能连接的大规模梯度组织了人类新皮层,将大脑地形与认知结构联系起来1,2。在成人中,三个主要轴-感觉-关联、视觉-体感觉和调节-表征分别从初级感觉区到跨模式关联区、从视觉到身体中心系统、从控制和注意网络到默认模式和感觉区1,2,3,4。这些梯度提供了大尺度皮层层次结构的简洁描述,这些层次结构是不同信息处理模式的基础。然而,这些梯度及其多尺度生物和认知相关因素如何在整个生命周期中进化尚不清楚。在这里,我们建立了一个从出生到100岁的功能组织的连续规范参考,揭示了复杂的,非线性的发展轨迹。梯度结构在婴儿期以主要感觉系统为基础,在儿童期和青春期沿关联轴和控制轴分化,并在衰老过程中逐渐去分化。这种功能架构的重要性得到了生物学和行为学的证实:梯度度量可以预测整个发展过程中的认知表现;结构-功能耦合随轴和年龄的变化而变化;不同的转录组特征在生命早期最强,随着年龄的增长而减弱,这与梯度结构的瞬时遗传支架一致。我们的寿命梯度统一了发育大脑连接的不同研究,并为未来的研究提供了共享的多模态参考。
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引用次数: 0
Inactivating SnRK1β1A promotes broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice 灭活SnRK1β1A可促进水稻的广谱抗病性
IF 64.8 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10273-5
Guixin Yuan, Xunli Lu, Xingbin Wang, Mengfei Li, Shiwei Wang, Zhaoxiang Huang, Zhigang Li, Fengrui Zhang, Xin Zhang, Jun Yang, Hailong Guo, Vijai Bhadauria, Wang-Sheng Zhu, Wensheng Zhao, Meng Yuan, Jian-Min Zhou, You-Liang Peng
Rice is a staple crop for more than half of the world’s population, and its sustainable production is vital to ensure global food security. However, rice is susceptible to several devastating fungal diseases1, including blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, sheath blight by Rhizoctonia solani, false smut by Ustilaginoidea virens, brown spot by Bipolaris oryzae, bakanae by Fusarium fujikuroi and head blight by Fusarium graminearum. The mechanisms underlying the susceptibility to these fungal diseases remain unclear. Here we report that the β subunit of SnRK1, SnRK1β1A, confers broad-spectrum susceptibility to these fungal diseases. Our findings show that diverse rice fungal pathogens have convergently evolved an effector-like protein, Gas2, which interacts with SnRK1β1A to prevent its ubiquitination-mediated degradation and promotes its nuclear translocation. SnRK1β1A is markedly induced on fungal infection, promoting susceptibility by inhibiting SnRK1α1, an α subunit of SnRK1 known to positively regulate broad-spectrum resistance in rice2. Notably, rice lines with disrupted SnRK1β1A are resistant to several fungal diseases without compromising growth and yield in the field under normal farming conditions. This study demonstrates that broad-spectrum disease resistance in crops can be achieved by disrupting inducible susceptibility genes whose encoded proteins are targeted by effectors conserved across several pathogens.
水稻是世界上一半以上人口的主要作物,其可持续生产对确保全球粮食安全至关重要。然而,水稻易受几种破坏性真菌疾病的影响,包括稻瘟病(Magnaporthe oryzae)、枯枯病(Rhizoctonia solani)、黑穗病(Ustilaginoidea virens)、褐斑病(Bipolaris oryzae)、黑穗病(Fusarium fujikuroi)和穗枯病(Fusarium graminearum)。对这些真菌疾病易感性的潜在机制尚不清楚。在这里,我们报道了SnRK1的β亚基SnRK1β 1a对这些真菌疾病具有广谱易感性。我们的研究结果表明,多种水稻真菌病原体已经趋同地进化出一种效应蛋白样蛋白Gas2,该蛋白与SnRK1β1A相互作用,阻止其泛素化介导的降解并促进其核易位。SnRK1β 1a显著诱导真菌感染,通过抑制SnRK1α亚基SnRK1α1促进易感性,SnRK1α亚基已知正向调节水稻广谱抗性2。值得注意的是,SnRK1β1A被破坏的水稻品系在正常耕作条件下对几种真菌疾病具有抗性,而不会影响田间生长和产量。这项研究表明,作物的广谱抗病能力可以通过破坏可诱导的易感基因来实现,这些易感基因编码的蛋白质是在几种病原体中保守的效应物的目标。
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引用次数: 0
Aversive learning hijacks a brain sugar sensor to consolidate memory 厌恶学习劫持了大脑中的糖传感器来巩固记忆
IF 64.8 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10306-z
Raquel Francés, Typhaine Comyn, Coraline Desnous, Francesca Bettoni, Alice Pavlowsky, Thomas Preat, Pierre-Yves Plaçais
The formation of food-related memories involves post-ingestion nutrient sensing signals1,2,3,4,5. Whether nutrient sensors act beyond feeding-relevant behaviour is less well understood. Here we show that an internal sugar sensor in the Drosophila brain6 is involved in memory consolidation, both in fasted flies subjected to an appetitive learning task involving a sucrose reward and in flies fed ad libitum subjected to an aversive learning task independent of food cues7,8. In the latter, spaced repetition of learning sessions, a prerequisite to induce long-term memory, lures brain fructose-sensing neurons into a fasted state through a disinhibition mechanism that transiently restores their sensing ability despite satiation9. Post-learning sugar ingestion activates disinhibited fructose-sensing neurons, which triggers memory consolidation through the release of the glycoprotein hormone thyrostimulin10,11, as in appetitive learning. The reset of fructose-sensing neurons by spaced training also results in a fasted state-like feeding behaviour, manifesting in a strong increase in sucrose preference and intake. By revealing a mechanism of non-homeostatic hunger and its critical relevance for memory consolidation, our results provide a neural circuit basis, and a cognitive value, to a behaviour akin to emotional eating.
食物相关记忆的形成涉及摄入后的营养感知信号1,2,3,4,5。营养传感器的作用是否超出了与进食相关的行为,目前还不太清楚。在这里,我们展示了果蝇大脑中的一个内部糖传感器参与记忆巩固,无论是在禁食的果蝇接受包含糖奖励的食欲学习任务,还是在自由进食的果蝇接受独立于食物线索的厌恶学习任务7,8。在后一种情况下,间隔重复学习是诱发长期记忆的先决条件,它通过一种去抑制机制,引诱大脑中的果糖感知神经元进入禁食状态,在饱足的情况下暂时恢复它们的感知能力。学习后摄入糖会激活去抑制的果糖感知神经元,通过释放糖蛋白激素甲状腺激素来触发记忆巩固10,11,就像在食欲学习中一样。通过间隔训练重置果糖感知神经元也会导致类似禁食状态的进食行为,表现为对蔗糖的偏好和摄入量的强烈增加。通过揭示非稳态饥饿的机制及其与记忆巩固的重要关联,我们的研究结果为类似情绪化进食的行为提供了神经回路基础和认知价值。
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引用次数: 0
Testosterone promotes growth of a type of brain tumour in young boys. 睾丸激素会促进小男孩脑瘤的生长。
IF 48.5 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-026-00638-1
Najla Kfoury-Beaumont
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引用次数: 0
Charting the human brain's lifelong functional organization. 绘制人类大脑的终身功能组织。
IF 48.5 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-026-00637-2
Richard A I Bethlehem, Daniel S Margulies
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引用次数: 0
Can China keep up its extraordinary research growth? 中国能否保持其非凡的科研增长?
IF 64.8 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-026-00423-0
Simon Baker
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引用次数: 0
‘Continuity over novelty’: why environmental science needs to rethink its focus “连续性胜过新颖性”:为什么环境科学需要重新思考它的焦点
IF 64.8 1区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-026-00933-x
Michael Paul Nelson
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引用次数: 0
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