Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry最新文献_第8页

Maternal expressions of warmth and negativity and adolescent mental health: using longitudinal monozygotic twin-difference analyses to approach causal inference 母亲温暖和消极的表达与青少年心理健康：使用纵向单卵双差分析接近因果推理。

IF 7 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70020

Alice Wickersham, Avshalom Caspi, Louise Arseneault, Terrie E. Moffitt, Johnny Downs, Antony Ambler, Rachel M. Latham, Nicholas Cummins, Zoë Firth, Jasmin Wertz, Helen L. Fisher

Background

Emotions that mothers express about their offspring are associated with offspring mental health during childhood, but little research has explored whether this extends into adolescence. We investigated associations between maternal warmth and negativity towards twin offspring at age 10, and subsequent mental health outcomes in early and late adolescence.

Methods

The Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study is a population-based cohort of 2,232 same-sex twins born in 1994–1995 across England and Wales. Maternal warmth and negativity were assessed from Five-Minute Speech Samples obtained when twins were aged 10. Continuous mental health outcomes were assessed in interviews with twins at ages 12 (depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder) and 18 (general psychopathology, internalising, externalising and thought disorder). Linear regressions were conducted on 1906 participants with available data and adjusted for sex, family socioeconomic status, and age-5 emotional and behavioural problems. We then conducted a monozygotic twin-difference analysis to control for unmeasured shared environmental and genetic factors.

Results

Lower maternal warmth and higher maternal negativity were associated with worse mental health outcomes at ages 12 and 18. For example, when comparing differences in mothers' expressed emotions and mental health outcomes within monozygotic twin pairs, higher negativity remained associated with externalising symptoms (b = 1.77, 95% CI = 0.68 to 2.86, β = .14) and poorer general psychopathology (b = 1.82, 95% CI = 0.63 to 3.01, β = .13), and lower warmth with externalising symptoms (b = −1.96, 95% CI = −3.54 to −0.37, β = −.11). These associations remained after adjusting for twin-differences in age-5 emotional and behavioural problems and birth weight. Null findings were more frequently observed for maternal warmth and internalising outcomes.

Conclusions

Using a genetically sensitive design to approach causal inference, we found evidence for associations between maternal warmth/negativity and adolescent mental health outcomes. Maternal expressed emotion ratings might provide an early opportunity to identify families who would benefit from interventions and mental health disorder prevention programmes.

背景：母亲对子女表达的情绪与子女在童年时期的心理健康有关，但很少有研究探讨这种情绪是否会延伸到青春期。我们调查了母亲的温暖与10岁时对双胞胎子女的消极态度之间的关系，以及随后在青春期早期和晚期的心理健康结果。方法：环境风险（E-Risk）纵向双胞胎研究是一项基于人群的队列研究，研究对象是1994-1995年出生在英格兰和威尔士的2232对同性双胞胎。研究人员从双胞胎10岁时获得的五分钟言语样本中评估了母亲的热情和消极情绪。通过对12岁的双胞胎（抑郁、焦虑、注意力缺陷多动障碍和行为障碍）和18岁的双胞胎（一般精神病理、内化、外化和思维障碍）进行访谈，评估了持续的心理健康结果。对1906名参与者进行了线性回归，并根据性别、家庭社会经济地位和5岁时的情绪和行为问题进行了调整。然后，我们进行了一项单卵双差分析，以控制未测量的共享环境和遗传因素。结果：在12岁和18岁时，较低的母亲温暖和较高的母亲消极情绪与较差的心理健康结果相关。例如，当比较同卵双胞胎中母亲表达的情绪和心理健康结果的差异时，较高的负性仍然与外化症状（b = 1.77, 95% CI = 0.68至2.86,β = 0.14）、较差的一般精神病理（b = 1.82, 95% CI = 0.63至3.01,β = 0.13）和较低的温暖与外化症状（b = -1.96, 95% CI = -3.54至-0.37,β = - 0.11）相关。在调整了双胞胎在5岁时情绪和行为问题以及出生体重方面的差异后，这些关联仍然存在。在母性温暖和内化结果方面，更经常观察到无效结果。结论：使用基因敏感设计来进行因果推理，我们发现了母亲温暖/消极与青少年心理健康结果之间存在关联的证据。母亲表达情绪评级可能提供早期机会，以确定哪些家庭将从干预措施和心理健康障碍预防方案中受益。

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引用次数: 0

The role of comorbid childhood mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions in the persistence of ADHD symptoms: systematic review and meta-analysis. 儿童期精神健康和神经发育状况共病在ADHD症状持续中的作用：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 7 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70028

Yuan You, Tom McAdams, Yasmin I Ahmadzadeh, Tabea Schoeler, Filip Marzecki, Helena M S Zavos

Background: Children diagnosed with ADHD and other comorbid mental health conditions often exhibit more severe functional impairments than those without comorbid conditions, including a tendency for their ADHD symptoms to persist into later developmental stages. We conducted a systematic review and quantitative analysis to investigate the extent to which specific childhood comorbidities (internalizing, externalizing and neurodevelopmental conditions) predict the persistence of childhood ADHD into later developmental stages.

Methods: We extracted data from 26 studies meeting the criteria for inclusion and applied multilevel random effects models to obtain pooled estimates of Cohen's d for selected predictors on ADHD persistence.

Results: Childhood comorbid internalizing and externalizing conditions (d = 0.19 and d = 0.31, respectively), but not neurodevelopmental disorders, were significantly associated with ADHD persistence. After adjusting for covariates (sex, age and other comorbidities), this association diminished for externalizing conditions (d_adj = 0.24) and was no longer significant for internalizing conditions (d_adj = 0.06). The association between comorbid externalizing behavior problems and ADHD persistence was found only in studies that used parent-reported data to measure childhood ADHD and externalizing conditions, but not in studies that included teacher-reported childhood symptoms.

Conclusions: Childhood comorbid externalizing and, to a lesser extent, internalizing conditions were associated with the persistence of ADHD, but this association may be partially due to confounders. Childhood comorbidity of neurodevelopmental disorders does not appear to increase the likelihood of ADHD persistence.

背景：被诊断患有ADHD和其他共病精神健康状况的儿童通常比没有共病的儿童表现出更严重的功能障碍，包括ADHD症状持续到发育后期的趋势。我们进行了系统回顾和定量分析，以调查特定儿童合并症（内在化、外在化和神经发育状况）在多大程度上预测儿童ADHD在后期发育阶段的持续存在。方法：我们从符合纳入标准的26项研究中提取数据，并应用多水平随机效应模型，对选定的ADHD持续性预测因子进行Cohen’s d的汇总估计。结果：儿童期共病的内化和外化条件（d分别= 0.19和d = 0.31）与ADHD持续性显著相关，而非神经发育障碍。在调整协变量（性别、年龄和其他共病）后，这种关联在外化条件下减弱（dadj = 0.24），在内化条件下不再显著（dadj = 0.06）。共病的外化行为问题和ADHD持续性之间的关联仅在使用父母报告的数据来测量儿童ADHD和外化条件的研究中发现，但在包括教师报告的儿童症状的研究中没有发现。结论：儿童期共病的外化和较小程度的内化条件与ADHD的持续存在相关，但这种关联可能部分是由于混杂因素。儿童期神经发育障碍的共病似乎不会增加ADHD持续存在的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Neuroimaging biomarkers in school-aged children with autism: MRI-measured lipid content in the limbic system. 学龄自闭症儿童的神经成像生物标志物：mri测量的边缘系统脂质含量。

IF 7.6 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70033

Ya-Yin Deng,Xiang Zhou,Bo-Ya Yin,Feng-Yun Zou,Shuang-Shuang Zhong,Xiao-Wen Luo,Li-Shan Shen,Yang Fan,Ruo-Mi Guo

BACKGROUNDAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder. Alterations in brain lipids may elucidate ASD's neurophysiological mechanisms, but evidence remains limited. This study aims to assess whether the MRI-measured lipid content in limbic brain regions could serve as novel biomarkers for neurophysiological changes in school-aged children with ASD.METHODSThis prospective study included 98 school-aged (7-16 years) children with ASD and 94 age- and gender-matched typically developing (TD) children, an age window selected based on established milestones of structural brain maturation. Lipid content in limbic regions was quantified via MRI-based proton density fat fraction (PDFF). Between-group differences, blood lipid correlations, and clinical scale associations were analyzed. In vitro validation and histopathology in ASD mice confirmed lipid quantification accuracy and deposits. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses evaluated diagnostic utility.RESULTSChildren with ASD exhibited significantly elevated MRI-measured lipid content in the bilateral fusiform gyrus (FUS) (pfdr < .01), with positive correlations observed between lipid content and total cholesterol (left hemisphere: r = .38, p < .01; right hemisphere r = .46, p < .01). Histopathological examination of BTBR mice brain sections stained with ammonium ferric sulfate revealed significant cholesterol deposits. Additionally, reduced lipid content in the bilateral caudal anterior cingulate cortex (cACC) (left hemisphere: pfdr < .01, right hemisphere: pfdr < .01) was found in children with ASD, and the lipid content of the right cACC was negatively correlated with impairments in social communication (r = -.32, pfdr = .04). Results of ROC analyses demonstrated that multimodal integration of bilateral FUS and cACC lipid contents yielded the highest AUC (0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.94).CONCLUSIONSAlterations in the FUS and cACC underscore their roles in ASD neuropathology. These findings suggest that MRI-measured lipid levels of specific regions from the brain limbic system could serve as a biomarker for neurophysiological changes in school-aged children with ASD.

自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种复杂的神经发育障碍。脑脂质的改变可能阐明ASD的神经生理机制，但证据仍然有限。本研究旨在评估mri测量的边缘脑区域脂质含量是否可以作为学龄ASD儿童神经生理变化的新生物标志物。方法本前瞻性研究纳入了98名学龄（7-16岁）ASD儿童和94名年龄和性别匹配的典型发育（TD）儿童，年龄窗口根据已确定的脑结构成熟里程碑选择。通过基于mri的质子密度脂肪分数（PDFF）定量脑边缘区脂质含量。分析组间差异、血脂相关性和临床量表相关性。体外验证和ASD小鼠的组织病理学证实了脂质定量的准确性和沉积。受试者工作特征（ROC）分析评估诊断效用。结果ASD患儿双侧梭状回（FUS） mri测量脂质含量显著升高（pfdr < 0.01），脂质含量与总胆固醇呈正相关(左半球：r =。38, p < 0.01；右半球r =。46, p < 0.01)。用硫酸铁铵染色对BTBR小鼠脑切片进行组织病理学检查，发现明显的胆固醇沉积。此外，双侧尾侧前扣带皮层（cACC）的脂质含量降低(左半球：pfdr <。01，右半球：pfdr < .01)，右侧cACC脂质含量与社交障碍呈负相关（r = -）。32, pfdr = .04)。ROC分析结果显示，双侧FUS和cACC脂质含量的多模式整合产生了最高的AUC （0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.94）。结论FUS和cACC的改变强调了它们在ASD神经病理学中的作用。这些发现表明，mri测量的大脑边缘系统特定区域的脂质水平可以作为ASD学龄儿童神经生理变化的生物标志物。

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引用次数: 0

Intergenerational transmission of maternal childhood maltreatment, prenatal substance exposure, and internalizing and externalizing symptoms in early adolescence at age 12. 母亲童年虐待的代际传递，产前物质暴露，以及12岁青少年早期的内化和外化症状。

IF 7.6 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70030

Meeyoung O Min,June-Yung Kim,Sonia Minnes,Rosa Kim,Lynn T Singer

BACKGROUNDFew studies have examined the intergenerational impact of maternal childhood maltreatment (MCM) in the context of prenatal substance exposure (PSE). This study investigates whether PSE is part of the pathway of MCM or an independent risk factor affecting offspring psychopathology.METHODSParticipants were 284 birth mother-child (44% male) dyads, primarily Black, low-income, enrolled at birth. Exposure to alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, or cocaine in utero was assessed at 1 month postpartum. MCM was assessed at child age 4, and maternal psychological distress and offspring maltreatment at child age 10. Mother- and child-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms were assessed at child age 12 using the Child Behavior Checklist and the Youth Self-Report. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test sequential mediation pathways examining the direct and indirect associations of MCM with child internalizing and externalizing symptoms via PSE, maternal psychological distress, and offspring maltreatment, adjusting for covariates.RESULTSMCM was directly related to adolescent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms, whereas PSE was directly related to adolescent-reported externalizing symptoms. MCM and PSE were indirectly related to mother-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms via maternal psychological distress. Only PSE was related to offspring maltreatment at 10 years, and offspring maltreatment was related to both mother- and adolescent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms at 12 years.CONCLUSIONSMCM and PSE may increase offspring vulnerability to psychopathology, highlighting the importance of evaluating historical risks that mothers may transmit from their own childhood maltreatment and prenatal substance use in assessing offspring psychopathology.

在产前物质暴露（PSE）的背景下，很少有研究调查了母亲童年虐待（MCM）的代际影响。本研究探讨PSE究竟是MCM通路的一部分，还是影响子代精神病理的独立危险因素。方法研究对象为284对出生的母子（44%为男性），主要为黑人，低收入，出生时登记。产后1个月评估子宫内暴露于酒精、烟草、大麻或可卡因的情况。在儿童4岁时评估MCM，在儿童10岁时评估母亲心理困扰和子女虐待。在儿童12岁时，使用儿童行为检查表和青少年自我报告对母亲和儿童报告的内化和外化症状进行评估。采用结构方程模型检验序列中介途径，通过PSE、母亲心理困扰和后代虐待来检验MCM与儿童内化和外化症状的直接和间接关联，并对协变量进行调整。结果smcm与青少年内在化和外在化症状直接相关，PSE与青少年外在化症状直接相关。MCM和PSE通过母亲心理困扰间接与母亲报告的内化和外化症状相关。只有PSE与10岁时的后代虐待有关，而后代虐待与母亲和青少年在12岁时报告的内化和外化症状有关。结论smcm和PSE可能增加子代精神病理易感性，强调评估母亲童年虐待和产前物质使用对子代精神病理的遗传风险对评估子代精神病理具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Annual Research Review: Neural mechanisms of eating disorders in youth - from current theory and findings to future directions. 年度研究综述：青少年饮食失调的神经机制-从目前的理论和发现到未来的方向。

IF 7.6 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70029

Kelsey Hagan,E Caitlin Lloyd,Sasha Gorrell

Eating disorders are prevalent and profoundly debilitating psychiatric conditions with multifactorial etiology that frequently manifest during adolescence. This developmental stage is characterized by significant neurostructural and neurofunctional change, which may create a context conducive to the emergence of eating pathology. In this Annual Research Review, we examine notable changes in brain structure and function that occur during adolescence and elucidate theoretical models that connect neural modifications to eating disorders. Subsequently, we present a narrative review and critical analysis of the extant research on the neural correlates of eating disorders in adolescents and young adults (up to age 24). We conclude by pinpointing gaps in the literature and highlighting avenues for future inquiries into the neural correlates of eating disorders in youth. Overall, this Annual Research Review emphasizes the scarcity of research focused on the neural correlates of eating disorders in young persons and its predominant emphasis on anorexia nervosa in comparison to other eating disorders thus far. Future neurobiological investigations in adolescent eating disorders hold the promise of advancing our knowledge of these complex conditions and improving therapeutic outcomes through the development of mechanistic interventions.

饮食失调是一种普遍而严重的精神疾病，具有多因素病因，经常在青春期表现出来。这一发育阶段的特点是显著的神经结构和神经功能改变，这可能创造有利于饮食病理出现的环境。在这篇年度研究综述中，我们研究了发生在青春期的大脑结构和功能的显著变化，并阐明了将神经改变与饮食失调联系起来的理论模型。随后，我们对青少年和年轻人（24岁以下）饮食失调的神经相关研究进行了叙述回顾和批判性分析。最后，我们指出了文献中的空白，并强调了未来研究青少年饮食失调的神经相关性的途径。总的来说，本年度研究综述强调了年轻人饮食失调的神经相关性研究的稀缺性，以及迄今为止与其他饮食失调相比，神经性厌食症的主要研究重点。未来对青少年饮食失调的神经生物学研究有望提高我们对这些复杂疾病的认识，并通过机械干预的发展改善治疗效果。

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引用次数: 0

Multilevel risk and protective factors for self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in adolescents. 青少年自我伤害、自杀意念和自杀企图的多重风险和保护因素。

IF 7.6 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70024

Alison L Calear,Philip J Batterham,Aliza Werner-Seidler,Kate Maston,Michelle Torok,Bridianne O'Dea,Mark E Larsen,Helen Christensen

BACKGROUNDBetter characterising risk and protective factors for suicidal distress and self-harm in adolescents may facilitate better targeting of interventions that address underlying vulnerabilities. However, few previous longitudinal studies have: (1) sufficient power to identify key risk and protective factors, (2) limited representativeness to the community and (3) accounted for multilevel factors (individual, family, community). This study aimed to assess prevalence and identify risk and protective factors for self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in a large cohort of Australian adolescents.METHODSData from 4,122 adolescents from 134 Australian schools were collected as part of the Future Proofing Study, a prospective cohort study of adolescent mental health and wellbeing. Generalised linear mixed models were used to assess the effect of baseline mental health, lifestyle, social and school-level factors on self-harm, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt at 12-month follow-up.RESULTSAt 12-month follow-up, 17.7% of adolescents reported self-harming behaviour, 18.6% reported suicidal ideation and 3.0% reported a suicide attempt. In addition to mental health history, female and gender-diverse identities, LGBTQA+ identity and greater levels of prosocial behaviour were significantly associated with self-harm and suicidal ideation. Peer problems were associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.CONCLUSIONSRates of suicidal distress and self-harm remain high in Australian adolescents. Reducing symptoms of depression, improving peer relationships, mitigating online bullying and providing social support for families may be suitable targets for future prevention and early intervention programs.

背景更好地描述青少年自杀困扰和自残的风险和保护因素可能有助于更好地针对潜在脆弱性进行干预。然而，以往的纵向研究很少有：(1)足够的力量来识别关键的风险和保护因素；(2)对社区的代表性有限；(3)考虑了多层次因素（个人、家庭、社区）。本研究旨在评估澳大利亚一大群青少年中自残、自杀意念和自杀企图的患病率，并确定风险和保护因素。方法来自澳大利亚134所学校的4122名青少年的数据收集作为未来证明研究的一部分，这是一项关于青少年心理健康和幸福的前瞻性队列研究。在12个月的随访中，采用广义线性混合模型评估基线心理健康、生活方式、社会和学校层面因素对自残、自杀意念和自杀企图的影响。结果在12个月的随访中，17.7%的青少年报告有自残行为，18.6%报告有自杀意念，3.0%报告有自杀企图。除了心理健康史外，女性和性别多样性身份、LGBTQA+身份和更高水平的亲社会行为与自残和自杀意念显著相关。同伴问题与自杀意念和自杀企图有关。结论澳大利亚青少年的自杀困扰和自残率仍然很高。减轻抑郁症状、改善同伴关系、减轻网络欺凌和为家庭提供社会支持可能是未来预防和早期干预方案的合适目标。

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引用次数: 0

Competition between the positive youth development and the psychopathological system among adolescents: less vulnerability or more scarring? 青少年积极发展与心理病理系统之间的竞争：更少的脆弱性还是更多的疤痕？

IF 7 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70015

Shunsen Huang, Hanning Lei, Zhengqian Yang, Xiaoxiong Lai, Xia Wang, Cai Zhang, Yun Wang

Background

The alleviating effect of positive youth development (PYD) on psychopathological symptoms (PS) represents the less vulnerability hypothesis, while the damaging effect of PS on PYD represents the competitional hypothesis or the scar hypothesis. This study aims to explore which hypothesis is more dominant and which component of PYD plays the central role across developmental stages and environmental adversity.

Method

Two longitudinal waves of 40,473 Chinese adolescents (48.4% girls, M_age = 12.67 ± 2.28) were analysed via a cross-lagged network panel model.

Results

The results showed that competition indeed exists between the PYD and PS systems, while the alleviating effect of the PYD is greater than the damaging effect of the PS system, but less than the self-loop effect within the PS system. The PYD components with the most alleviating effects are self-esteem, emotion regulation and self-regulation. With adolescents maturing (early, middle and late adolescence), the alleviating effect surpasses the damaging effect and self-loop effect in the PS system. When adversity (low, moderate and high) increases in severity, the alleviating effect also surpasses the damaging effect and self-loop effect in the PS system. In addition, resilience plays a central role in alleviating the PS system only when adversity is high.

Conclusions

Compared with the scar hypothesis, the less vulnerability hypothesis showed a more powerful impact. Early and adversity-aimed interventions aimed at promoting adolescents' positive attributes are the most beneficial. The central PYD components should be treated as core targets in future intervention programs.

背景积极青年发展（PYD）对精神病理症状（PS）的缓解作用代表较少易损性假说，而积极青年发展对PYD的破坏作用代表竞争假说或疤痕假说。本研究旨在探讨在发育阶段和环境逆境中，哪种假设更占优势，PYD的哪个组成部分发挥核心作用。方法采用交叉滞后网络面板模型对40,473名中国青少年（女孩48.4%,Mage = 12.67±2.28）的两个纵波进行分析。结果PYD与PS系统之间确实存在竞争，但PYD的缓解效应大于PS系统的破坏效应，但小于PS系统内部的自环效应。缓解效果最大的PYD成分是自尊、情绪调节和自我调节。随着青少年逐渐成熟（青春期早期、中期和晚期），其缓解效应超过了PS系统的破坏效应和自环效应。当逆境（低、中、高）的严重程度增加时，其缓解效应也超过了PS系统的破坏效应和自环效应。此外，只有当逆境较高时，弹性才能在缓解PS系统中发挥核心作用。结论与疤痕假说相比，较少易损性假说的影响更大。旨在促进青少年积极属性的早期和逆境干预是最有益的。PYD的核心组成部分应被视为未来干预计划的核心目标。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of social context information on neural face processing in youth with social anxiety disorder. 社交情境信息对青少年社交焦虑障碍面孔神经加工的影响。

IF 7.6 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70026

Anna-Lina Rauschenbach,Vera Hauffe,Jakob Fink-Lamotte,Brunna Tuschen-Caffier,Julian Schmitz

BACKGROUNDSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) in youth is associated with significant psychosocial impairments; however, the cognitive and neural mechanisms that maintain it, particularly during childhood and adolescence, remain underexplored. Cognitive models emphasize the role of altered face processing, and neutral facial expressions may be perceived as threatening. Due to their ambiguous nature, contextual cues may play a particularly important role in interpretation.METHODSWe presented neutral child faces paired with social context information varying in valence (negative, neutral, positive) while continuous EEG was recorded. Subjective valence ratings and neural responses (P100, N170, and LPP) were assessed in children and adolescents aged 10-15 years with SAD (n = 53), clinical controls with specific phobias (SP; n = 41), and healthy controls (HC; n = 61).RESULTSOverall, context information affected both the subjective and neural responses to neutral faces in all children and adolescents, for example, more negative ratings for negatively contextualized faces. Further, participants with SAD generally rated all faces as more negative compared to HCs. Neurally, they showed lower N170 amplitudes compared to both control groups in response to all neutral faces, independent of the context valence. However, only younger children (aged 10-12 years) with SAD showed higher LPP amplitudes than younger HCs.CONCLUSIONSProcessing biases seem to be already present in children and adolescents with SAD, both at the subjective and neural level. Social context information influences neutral face processing but is independent of psychopathology. Future studies examining age effects are needed to investigate whether childhood reflects a particularly sensitive period for the development of processing biases.

青少年社交焦虑障碍（SAD）与显著的社会心理障碍相关；然而，维持它的认知和神经机制，特别是在儿童和青少年时期，仍然没有得到充分的探索。认知模型强调改变面部处理的作用，中性的面部表情可能被认为是威胁。由于其模棱两可的性质，上下文线索可能在解释中起着特别重要的作用。方法将中性儿童面孔与不同效价（阴性、中性、阳性）的社会背景信息配对，同时记录连续脑电图。对10-15岁儿童和青少年SAD患者（n = 53）的主观效价评分和神经反应（P100、N170和LPP）进行评估；n = 41)和健康对照(HC；n = 61)。结果总体而言，情境信息对所有儿童和青少年对中性面孔的主观和神经反应都有影响，例如，对负面情境化的面孔有更多的负面评价。此外，与hc相比，患有SAD的参与者通常认为所有面孔都更消极。在神经上，与两个对照组相比，他们对所有中性面孔的反应显示出较低的N170振幅，与上下文效价无关。然而，只有年龄较小的儿童（10-12岁）患有SAD，其LPP振幅高于年龄较小的hc。结论加工偏差在儿童和青少年SAD患者中似乎已经存在，无论是在主观层面还是在神经层面。社会情境信息影响中性面孔加工，但与精神病理无关。未来的研究需要考察年龄的影响，以调查童年是否反映了加工偏见发展的特别敏感时期。

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引用次数: 0

The longitudinal role of sleep on self-harm during adolescence: A birth cohort study 青少年时期睡眠对自我伤害的纵向作用：一项出生队列研究。

IF 7 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70018

Michaela Pawley, Isabel Morales-Muñoz, Andrew P Bagshaw, Nicole K Y Tang

Background

Sleep problems and self-harm during adolescence are both highly common and major public health concerns, yet the nature of their relationship remains poorly understood. This study examined the cross-sectional and long-term effects of several sleep phenotypes on self-harm and whether decision-making moderated this relationship.

Methods

Data was utilised from the Millennium Cohort Study (n = 10,477, Female = 5,314 [50.72%]) when individuals were approximately 9 months, 14 years and 17 years of age. Sleep variables available were measured at 14 years and included sleep duration on weekdays and weekends, social jetlag, sleep onset latency and night awakenings. Self-harm was measured at 14 and 17 years. The Cambridge Gambling Task assessed rational decision-making at 14 years.

Results

Cross-sectionally, shorter sleep duration on school days (AOR = 0.875; 95% CI = 0.820, 0.933; p < .001), longer sleep onset latency (AOR = 1.005; 95% CI = 1.002, 1.007; p < .001) and more frequent night awakenings (AOR = 1.140; 95% CI = 1.086, 1.197; p < .001) were significantly associated with self-harm at 14, even when controlling for demographic and clinical covariates. Longitudinal results indicated that shorter sleep duration on school days (AOR = 0.926; 95% CI = 0.874–0.982; p = .010), longer sleep onset latency (AOR = 1.003; 95% CI = 1.001–1.005; p = .008) and more frequent night awakenings (AOR = 1.090; 95% CI = 1.043–1.139; p < .001) also had a direct prospective effect on self-harm at 17 when controlling for demographic and clinical factors. Rational decision-making as measured by the Cambridge Gambling Task did not significantly contribute to this relationship.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the prospective association between short sleep duration, increased sleep onset latency, fragmented sleep and self-harm during adolescence. Ensuring adolescents obtain enough good quality, uninterrupted sleep appears critical to prevent engagement with self-harm.

背景：青少年时期的睡眠问题和自我伤害都是非常普遍的，也是主要的公共健康问题，但它们之间关系的本质仍然知之甚少。这项研究考察了几种睡眠表型对自我伤害的横截面和长期影响，以及决策是否会调节这种关系。方法数据来自千禧年队列研究（n = 10,477，女性= 5,314[50.72%]），受试者年龄分别为9个月、14岁和17岁。研究人员测量了14年的睡眠变量，包括工作日和周末的睡眠时间、社交时差、睡眠开始潜伏期和夜间醒来。在14岁和17岁时测量自残。剑桥赌博任务评估了14岁时的理性决策。结果横截面上，学生在校期间睡眠时间较短(AOR = 0.875；95% ci = 0.820, 0.933；p < 0.001)，较长的睡眠开始潜伏期(AOR = 1.005；95% ci = 1.002, 1.007；p < .001)和更频繁的夜间醒来(AOR = 1.140；95% ci = 1.086, 1.197；P < 0.001)与14岁时的自我伤害显著相关，即使在控制人口统计学和临床协变量时也是如此。纵向结果显示，在校期间睡眠时间较短(AOR = 0.926；95% ci = 0.874-0.982；p = 0.010)，较长的睡眠开始潜伏期(AOR = 1.003；95% ci = 1.001-1.005；p = 0.008)，夜间醒来次数较多(AOR = 1.090；95% ci = 1.043-1.139；P < 0.001)在控制人口统计学和临床因素后，对17岁的自我伤害也有直接的前瞻性影响。通过剑桥赌博任务衡量的理性决策对这种关系没有显著贡献。结论这些发现强调了青少年睡眠时间短、睡眠发作潜伏期增加、睡眠碎片化与自我伤害之间的潜在关联。确保青少年获得足够高质量、不间断的睡眠对于防止自残行为至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Youth psychotic experiences: psychometric evaluation and diagnostic associations of the CAPE-16 in adolescents from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort 青少年精神病经历：来自挪威母亲、母亲和儿童队列的青少年CAPE-16的心理测量评估和诊断关联

IF 7 1区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.70007

Viktoria Birkenæs, Pravesh Parekh, Laura Hegemann, Nora R. Bakken, Evgeniia Frei, Piotr Jaholkowski, Olav B. Smeland, Ezra Susser, Katrina M. Rodriguez, Markos Tesfaye, Ole A. Andreassen, Alexandra Havdahl, Ida E. Sønderby

Background

Adolescent self-reported psychotic experiences are associated with mental illness and could help guide prevention strategies. Youth report substantially more experiences than adults. However, with large societal changes like the digital revolution and COVID-19 pandemic, existing questionnaires may no longer accurately capture youth experiences. We aimed to determine the ability of the CAPE-16 questionnaire in capturing psychotic experiences across contexts (biological sex and COVID-19 response) and generations, thereby validating important psychometric aspects of the tool in modern adolescents.

Methods

We used data from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Study (MoBa), a population-based pregnancy cohort. Adolescents responded to the CAPE-16 questionnaire (n = 18,835). For a comparison between age groups, we included adult men from the parent generation who responded to the CAPE-9 (n = 28,793). We investigated the psychometric properties of CAPE-16 through confirmatory factor analyses, measurement invariance testing across biological sex, response before/during the COVID-19 pandemic, and generations (adolescents and fathers), and examined subscale and item-level associations with subsequent registry-based psychiatric diagnoses (average time between CAPE and last registry update: 3.68 ± 1.34 years).

Results

Out of 18,835 adolescents, 33.2% reported lifetime psychotic experiences. We confirmed a three-factor structure (paranoia, bizarre thoughts, and hallucinations) and good subscale reliability (ω = .86 and .90). CAPE-16 scores were stable across biological sex and pandemic status. CAPE-9 response patterns were non-invariant across adolescents and adult men, with an item related to digital technology particularly prone to bias. CAPE-16 subscales were associated with subsequent psychiatric diagnoses, especially psychotic disorders.

Conclusions

CAPE-16 is a reliable measure of psychotic experiences across sex and a major societal stressor in adolescents. More frequent and distressing experiences increase the risk of subsequent psychiatric diagnoses. Different response patterns between adults and adolescents for items related to digital technology suggest differences in interpretation. Hence, certain items may benefit from revisions.

青少年自我报告的精神病经历与精神疾病有关，可以帮助指导预防策略。青少年报告的经历比成年人多得多。然而，随着数字革命和COVID-19大流行等巨大的社会变化，现有的调查问卷可能不再准确地反映青年的经历。我们的目的是确定CAPE-16问卷在捕捉跨背景（生理性别和COVID-19反应）和代际精神病经历方面的能力，从而验证该工具在现代青少年中的重要心理测量学方面。方法：我们使用来自挪威母亲、父亲和儿童研究（MoBa）的数据，这是一个基于人群的妊娠队列。青少年回答了CAPE-16问卷（n = 18,835）。为了年龄组间的比较，我们纳入了对CAPE-9有反应的父母一代成年男性（n = 28,793）。我们通过验证性因子分析、跨生物性别、COVID-19大流行前/期间的反应和代际（青少年和父亲）的测量不变性检验来研究CAPE-16的心理测量特性，并检查亚量表和项目水平与随后基于登记的精神诊断的关联（CAPE与上次登记更新之间的平均时间：3.68±1.34年）。结果在18835名青少年中，33.2%的人报告终生精神病经历。我们证实了一个三因素结构（偏执，奇怪的想法，和幻觉）和良好的子量表可靠性(ω =。86和。90)。CAPE-16评分在生理性别和流行病状态上都是稳定的。CAPE-9的反应模式在青少年和成年男性中不是不变的，与数字技术相关的项目特别容易产生偏差。CAPE-16亚量表与随后的精神诊断，尤其是精神障碍相关。结论scape -16是一种可靠的跨性别精神病经历测量方法，也是青少年主要的社会压力源。更频繁和痛苦的经历增加了随后精神病诊断的风险。成年人和青少年对数字技术相关项目的不同反应模式表明在解释上存在差异。因此，某些项目可能会从修订中受益。

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引用次数: 0