Pub Date : 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1038/s41477-025-02147-x
Xiaoxia Gao, Dianye Zhang, Yunfeng Peng, Josep Peñuelas, Yann Hautier, Michel Loreau, Yaping Niu, Shiting Yao, Zan Wu, Qinlu Li, Lina Zhou, Yang Liu, Xuning Liu, Bin Wei, Shuqi Qin, Yutong Song, Luyao Kang, Lin Jiang, Shaopeng Wang, Yuanhe Yang
Biodiversity is known to promote ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF), but how grassland degradation influences the relationship between biodiversity and EMF remains unclear. Here, using paired observations at 44 sites (a total of 792 sampling quadrats) along a 2,600 km transect, we test how moderate grassland degradation influences 20 surrogates of ecosystem functions, EMF, plant richness, soil bacterial, fungal and protist richness, and biodiversity–EMF relationships in Tibetan alpine grasslands. Our results reveal significant declines in individual ecosystem functions and EMF with moderate grassland degradation. By contrast, both plant richness and integrated soil biodiversity exhibit significant increases. The structural equation models analyses show that following degradation, the effect of soil biodiversity on EMF strengthens, whereas that of plant richness weakens. These findings offer large-scale empirical evidence that moderate grassland degradation can amplify both soil biodiversity and its functional importance, emphasizing the key role of below-ground biodiversity in supporting ecosystem functioning in degraded grasslands. This study reports that grassland degradation reduces ecosystem functionality while promoting soil biodiversity, highlighting the role of this diversity in sustaining degraded grasslands.
{"title":"Grassland degradation alters plant and soil biodiversity–multifunctionality relationships","authors":"Xiaoxia Gao, Dianye Zhang, Yunfeng Peng, Josep Peñuelas, Yann Hautier, Michel Loreau, Yaping Niu, Shiting Yao, Zan Wu, Qinlu Li, Lina Zhou, Yang Liu, Xuning Liu, Bin Wei, Shuqi Qin, Yutong Song, Luyao Kang, Lin Jiang, Shaopeng Wang, Yuanhe Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41477-025-02147-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-025-02147-x","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiversity is known to promote ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF), but how grassland degradation influences the relationship between biodiversity and EMF remains unclear. Here, using paired observations at 44 sites (a total of 792 sampling quadrats) along a 2,600 km transect, we test how moderate grassland degradation influences 20 surrogates of ecosystem functions, EMF, plant richness, soil bacterial, fungal and protist richness, and biodiversity–EMF relationships in Tibetan alpine grasslands. Our results reveal significant declines in individual ecosystem functions and EMF with moderate grassland degradation. By contrast, both plant richness and integrated soil biodiversity exhibit significant increases. The structural equation models analyses show that following degradation, the effect of soil biodiversity on EMF strengthens, whereas that of plant richness weakens. These findings offer large-scale empirical evidence that moderate grassland degradation can amplify both soil biodiversity and its functional importance, emphasizing the key role of below-ground biodiversity in supporting ecosystem functioning in degraded grasslands. This study reports that grassland degradation reduces ecosystem functionality while promoting soil biodiversity, highlighting the role of this diversity in sustaining degraded grasslands.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 12","pages":"2487-2497"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145478095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1038/s41477-025-02164-w
Guillaume Tena
{"title":"Engineering RLP receptors from the C side","authors":"Guillaume Tena","doi":"10.1038/s41477-025-02164-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-025-02164-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 11","pages":"2188-2188"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145478130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1038/s41477-025-02148-w
Pierre Bourguet, Zdravko J. Lorković, Darya Kripkiy Casado, Valentin Bapteste, Chung Hyun Cho, Anna A. Igolkina, Cheng-Ruei Lee, Magnus Nordborg, Frédéric Berger, Eriko Sasaki
DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mark that impacts gene expression and represses transposable elements in eukaryotes. Numerous examples of cis elements targeted by DNA methylation, particularly at CG sites (mCG), have been reported to be under selective pressure in animals and plants. By contrast, there is limited knowledge of trans regulators of mCG leading to adaptation. Here, a genome-wide association study identifies CELL DIVISION CYCLE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 7 (CDCA7) as a major trans determinant of mCG in natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana. CDCA7 or its paralogue physically binds the chromatin remodeller DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION 1 (DDM1), which facilitates access of methyltransferases to DNA. Epigenomic analysis shows that while CDCA7 proteins control all DDM1-dependent processes, their predominant function is the maintenance of mCG. We identify a 26-bp promoter indel modulating CDCA7 expression in natural populations and determining the degree of mCG and transposable element silencing. The geographic distribution of CDCA7 alleles suggests that new alleles have repeatedly expanded to novel ecological niches, indicating a potential role in local adaptation. Our findings establish CDCA7 proteins as dedicated regulators of mCG and imply that DDM1 relies on alternative partners to regulate other chromatin features. Broadly, they illustrate how changes in global DNA methylation levels through transcriptional regulation of the epigenetic machinery have the capacity to facilitate local adaptation. This genome-wide association study identifies CELL DIVISION CYCLE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 7 (CDCA7) as a regulator of DNA methylation in natural Arabidopsis thaliana populations. CDCA7 binds the chromatin remodeller DDM1 and modulates the control of CG methylation.
{"title":"Major alleles of CDCA7 shape CG methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Pierre Bourguet, Zdravko J. Lorković, Darya Kripkiy Casado, Valentin Bapteste, Chung Hyun Cho, Anna A. Igolkina, Cheng-Ruei Lee, Magnus Nordborg, Frédéric Berger, Eriko Sasaki","doi":"10.1038/s41477-025-02148-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-025-02148-w","url":null,"abstract":"DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mark that impacts gene expression and represses transposable elements in eukaryotes. Numerous examples of cis elements targeted by DNA methylation, particularly at CG sites (mCG), have been reported to be under selective pressure in animals and plants. By contrast, there is limited knowledge of trans regulators of mCG leading to adaptation. Here, a genome-wide association study identifies CELL DIVISION CYCLE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 7 (CDCA7) as a major trans determinant of mCG in natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana. CDCA7 or its paralogue physically binds the chromatin remodeller DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION 1 (DDM1), which facilitates access of methyltransferases to DNA. Epigenomic analysis shows that while CDCA7 proteins control all DDM1-dependent processes, their predominant function is the maintenance of mCG. We identify a 26-bp promoter indel modulating CDCA7 expression in natural populations and determining the degree of mCG and transposable element silencing. The geographic distribution of CDCA7 alleles suggests that new alleles have repeatedly expanded to novel ecological niches, indicating a potential role in local adaptation. Our findings establish CDCA7 proteins as dedicated regulators of mCG and imply that DDM1 relies on alternative partners to regulate other chromatin features. Broadly, they illustrate how changes in global DNA methylation levels through transcriptional regulation of the epigenetic machinery have the capacity to facilitate local adaptation. This genome-wide association study identifies CELL DIVISION CYCLE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 7 (CDCA7) as a regulator of DNA methylation in natural Arabidopsis thaliana populations. CDCA7 binds the chromatin remodeller DDM1 and modulates the control of CG methylation.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 12","pages":"2511-2530"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-025-02148-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145455694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1038/s41477-025-02139-x
Despite the extensive use of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model system, parts of its biology remain unknown, including the architecture of its largest cellular protein assembly, the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Using cryo-electron tomography, we have obtained the three-dimensional architecture of the A. thaliana NPC, which suggests it has both conserved and distinct features.
{"title":"The Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear pore complex structure reveals conserved and distinct features","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41477-025-02139-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-025-02139-x","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the extensive use of Arabidopsis thaliana as a model system, parts of its biology remain unknown, including the architecture of its largest cellular protein assembly, the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Using cryo-electron tomography, we have obtained the three-dimensional architecture of the A. thaliana NPC, which suggests it has both conserved and distinct features.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 11","pages":"2198-2199"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145447268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-03DOI: 10.1038/s41477-025-02126-2
René M. Inckemann, Tanguy Chotel, Michael Burgis, Cedric K. Brinkmann, Laura Andreas, Jessica Baumann, Priyati Sharma, Melanie Klose, James Barrett, Fabian Ries, Nicole Paczia, Timo Glatter, Luke C. M. Mackinder, Felix Willmund, Tobias J. Erb
Chloroplast synthetic biology holds promise for advancing photosynthetic organisms through improving the function of plastids. However, chloroplast engineering efforts face limitations due to the scarcity of genetic tools and the low throughput of plant-based systems. To address these challenges, we here established Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a prototyping chassis for chloroplast synthetic biology. To that end, we developed an automation workflow that enables the generation, handling and analysis of thousands of transplastomic strains in parallel. Furthermore, we expanded the repertoire of effective selection markers and reporter genes, and we characterized over 140 regulatory parts, including native and synthetic promoters, 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions, and intercistronic expression elements. We integrated the system with existing molecular cloning standards and demonstrated several applications, including a library-based approach to develop synthetic promoter designs in plastids. Finally, we provide a proof of concept for prototyping metabolic pathways in plastids by introducing a chloroplast-based synthetic photorespiration pathway, resulting in a threefold increase in biomass production. Overall, our study advances current chloroplast engineering efforts by providing a high-throughput platform and standardized genetic parts for the rapid prototyping and characterization of plastid manipulations with the prospect of high transferability between different chloroplasts, including those of higher plants and crops. This study reports a modular-cloning-based platform for high-throughput chloroplast engineering in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that allows large-scale characterization of genetic parts and prototyping of new traits, as demonstrated for the photorespiration pathway.
{"title":"A modular high-throughput approach for advancing synthetic biology in the chloroplast of Chlamydomonas","authors":"René M. Inckemann, Tanguy Chotel, Michael Burgis, Cedric K. Brinkmann, Laura Andreas, Jessica Baumann, Priyati Sharma, Melanie Klose, James Barrett, Fabian Ries, Nicole Paczia, Timo Glatter, Luke C. M. Mackinder, Felix Willmund, Tobias J. Erb","doi":"10.1038/s41477-025-02126-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-025-02126-2","url":null,"abstract":"Chloroplast synthetic biology holds promise for advancing photosynthetic organisms through improving the function of plastids. However, chloroplast engineering efforts face limitations due to the scarcity of genetic tools and the low throughput of plant-based systems. To address these challenges, we here established Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a prototyping chassis for chloroplast synthetic biology. To that end, we developed an automation workflow that enables the generation, handling and analysis of thousands of transplastomic strains in parallel. Furthermore, we expanded the repertoire of effective selection markers and reporter genes, and we characterized over 140 regulatory parts, including native and synthetic promoters, 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions, and intercistronic expression elements. We integrated the system with existing molecular cloning standards and demonstrated several applications, including a library-based approach to develop synthetic promoter designs in plastids. Finally, we provide a proof of concept for prototyping metabolic pathways in plastids by introducing a chloroplast-based synthetic photorespiration pathway, resulting in a threefold increase in biomass production. Overall, our study advances current chloroplast engineering efforts by providing a high-throughput platform and standardized genetic parts for the rapid prototyping and characterization of plastid manipulations with the prospect of high transferability between different chloroplasts, including those of higher plants and crops. This study reports a modular-cloning-based platform for high-throughput chloroplast engineering in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that allows large-scale characterization of genetic parts and prototyping of new traits, as demonstrated for the photorespiration pathway.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 11","pages":"2332-2349"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-025-02126-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1038/s41477-025-02138-y
Ingrid Berenice Sanchez Carrillo, Patrick C. Hoffmann, Agnieszka Obarska-Kosinska, Victor Fourcassié, Martin Beck, Hugo Germain
The nucleus is enclosed by the nuclear envelope, which contains nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). While NPCs have been well studied in vertebrates, yeast and algae, in situ structural data for higher plants is lacking. Here we show that individual nucleoporins of Arabidopsis thaliana and humans exhibit high structural similarity. We report an in situ NPC structure of higher plants, derived from A. thaliana root protoplasts using cryo-electron tomography, subtomogram averaging and homology-based integrative modelling. We present the AtNPC model based on predictions of A. thaliana nucleoporins (NUPs), supported by mass spectrometry. Here the AtNPC scaffold contains one Y-complex ring at the cytosolic and two at the nuclear ring. The AtNPC contains prominent NUP155 connector elements that are conserved in human NPCs but not in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii NPCs. Our model suggests that the ELYS homologue HOS1 plays an important role in the head-to-tail connection of Y-complexes in AtNPCs. Using advanced imaging techniques and computer modelling, the authors were able to create a detailed structural model of a nuclear pore complex from a seed plant.
{"title":"In situ architecture of the nuclear pore complex of the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Ingrid Berenice Sanchez Carrillo, Patrick C. Hoffmann, Agnieszka Obarska-Kosinska, Victor Fourcassié, Martin Beck, Hugo Germain","doi":"10.1038/s41477-025-02138-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-025-02138-y","url":null,"abstract":"The nucleus is enclosed by the nuclear envelope, which contains nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). While NPCs have been well studied in vertebrates, yeast and algae, in situ structural data for higher plants is lacking. Here we show that individual nucleoporins of Arabidopsis thaliana and humans exhibit high structural similarity. We report an in situ NPC structure of higher plants, derived from A. thaliana root protoplasts using cryo-electron tomography, subtomogram averaging and homology-based integrative modelling. We present the AtNPC model based on predictions of A. thaliana nucleoporins (NUPs), supported by mass spectrometry. Here the AtNPC scaffold contains one Y-complex ring at the cytosolic and two at the nuclear ring. The AtNPC contains prominent NUP155 connector elements that are conserved in human NPCs but not in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii NPCs. Our model suggests that the ELYS homologue HOS1 plays an important role in the head-to-tail connection of Y-complexes in AtNPCs. Using advanced imaging techniques and computer modelling, the authors were able to create a detailed structural model of a nuclear pore complex from a seed plant.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 11","pages":"2368-2380"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-025-02138-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1038/s41477-025-02135-1
Juan Carlos De la Concepcion, Héloïse Duverge, Yoonwoo Kim, Jose Julian, Haonan D. Xu, Matthew N. Watt, Sara Ait Ikene, Anita Bianchi, Nenad Grujic, Ranjith K. Papareddy, Irina Grishkovskaya, David Haselbach, David H. Murray, Marion Clavel, Nicholas A. T. Irwin, Yasin Dagdas
Protein neofunctionalization is a key driver of cellular complexity. However, subunits of multimeric protein complexes are often thought to be evolutionarily constrained, limiting their capacity for functional divergence. This presents a paradox in plants, where the Exo70 subunit of the exocyst—an octameric complex essential for exocytosis—has undergone striking expansion and diversification. Here we show that electrostatic changes in the N-terminal helix of Exo70 facilitated its physical and functional dissociation from the exocyst, relieving constraints imposed by complex integration. Using Marchantia polymorpha and Arabidopsis thaliana, we demonstrate that this ‘complex escape’ enables Exo70 paralogues to acquire distinct localizations, interactomes and functions independent of canonical exocytosis. Ancestral reconstructions across land plants reveal that this electrostatic shift predates the extensive radiation of the plant Exo70 protein family, with some lineages later reassociating with the complex. Our findings reveal a reversible mechanism that enabled Exo70 to circumvent the evolutionary and biophysical constraints imposed by complex integration and diversify—a mechanism that could represent a generalizable route to protein neofunctionalization and cellular innovation. The evolutionary diversification of an exocyst subunit was enabled by electrostatic shifts leading to its dissociation from the ancestral complex.
{"title":"Electrostatic changes enabled the diversification of an exocyst subunit via protein complex escape","authors":"Juan Carlos De la Concepcion, Héloïse Duverge, Yoonwoo Kim, Jose Julian, Haonan D. Xu, Matthew N. Watt, Sara Ait Ikene, Anita Bianchi, Nenad Grujic, Ranjith K. Papareddy, Irina Grishkovskaya, David Haselbach, David H. Murray, Marion Clavel, Nicholas A. T. Irwin, Yasin Dagdas","doi":"10.1038/s41477-025-02135-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-025-02135-1","url":null,"abstract":"Protein neofunctionalization is a key driver of cellular complexity. However, subunits of multimeric protein complexes are often thought to be evolutionarily constrained, limiting their capacity for functional divergence. This presents a paradox in plants, where the Exo70 subunit of the exocyst—an octameric complex essential for exocytosis—has undergone striking expansion and diversification. Here we show that electrostatic changes in the N-terminal helix of Exo70 facilitated its physical and functional dissociation from the exocyst, relieving constraints imposed by complex integration. Using Marchantia polymorpha and Arabidopsis thaliana, we demonstrate that this ‘complex escape’ enables Exo70 paralogues to acquire distinct localizations, interactomes and functions independent of canonical exocytosis. Ancestral reconstructions across land plants reveal that this electrostatic shift predates the extensive radiation of the plant Exo70 protein family, with some lineages later reassociating with the complex. Our findings reveal a reversible mechanism that enabled Exo70 to circumvent the evolutionary and biophysical constraints imposed by complex integration and diversify—a mechanism that could represent a generalizable route to protein neofunctionalization and cellular innovation. The evolutionary diversification of an exocyst subunit was enabled by electrostatic shifts leading to its dissociation from the ancestral complex.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 11","pages":"2350-2367"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-025-02135-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1038/s41477-025-02153-z
Dichogamy — the temporal separation of anther dehiscence and stigma receptivity — is ubiquitous in angiosperms. Using field investigations, Mendelian inheritance experiments, multi-omics analysis based on haplotype-resolved genomes and validation of gene function, we identify SMPED1 as a novel gene that controls the synchrony of sex organ behaviour in angiosperms.
{"title":"Discovery of a gene in a Mendelian locus controlling dichogamy","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41477-025-02153-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-025-02153-z","url":null,"abstract":"Dichogamy — the temporal separation of anther dehiscence and stigma receptivity — is ubiquitous in angiosperms. Using field investigations, Mendelian inheritance experiments, multi-omics analysis based on haplotype-resolved genomes and validation of gene function, we identify SMPED1 as a novel gene that controls the synchrony of sex organ behaviour in angiosperms.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 11","pages":"2194-2195"},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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