Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01877-8
Raphael Trösch
{"title":"CRY in the dark","authors":"Raphael Trösch","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01877-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01877-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1848-1848"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142751262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01869-8
Alisdair R. Fernie, Fang Liu, Youjun Zhang
Paclitaxel rapidly became one of the most effective anticancer drugs. However, the production of paclitaxel is hindered by substantial challenges, particularly considering the significant quantities of drug required and the inherently low concentration of paclitaxel and its intermediates in plants. Paclitaxel is currently produced in a so-called semi-synthesis in which baccatin III is extracted from Taxus species and chemically converted to paclitaxel. Despite the fact that many of the intermediates of paclitaxel biosynthesis are yet to be experimentally determined, a set of recent papers—facilitated by the sequencing and assembly of three Taxus genomes—has uncovered the minimal gene sets for both baccatin III and paclitaxel biosynthesis. Here we summarize the key milestones towards our understanding of paclitaxel biosynthesis and highlight recent advancements made possible by genome-level analysis of potential key genes involved. We argue that these studies will ultimately pave the way towards the elucidation of the entire paclitaxel biosynthetic pathway and facilitate the industrial production of paclitaxel via synthetic biology approaches. However, several major challenges lie ahead before we can fully tap into the amazing curative potential that taxanes provide. The production of the anticancer drug paclitaxel depends on the extraction of the intermediate baccatin III from Taxus species. This Review highlights recent progress in genome-level analysis of paclitaxel and baccatin III biosynthesis based on sequenced Taxus genomes to guide the future discovery of biosynthesis genes.
紫杉醇迅速成为最有效的抗癌药物之一。然而，紫杉醇的生产面临着巨大的挑战，特别是考虑到所需的大量药物以及紫杉醇及其中间体在植物中固有的低浓度。目前，紫杉醇是通过所谓的半合成法生产的，即从紫杉树种中提取巴卡丁 III，然后通过化学反应转化为紫杉醇。尽管紫杉醇生物合成的许多中间体尚未通过实验确定，但最近的一系列论文--通过对三个紫杉属植物基因组的测序和组装--发现了巴卡丁 III 和紫杉醇生物合成的最小基因组。在此，我们总结了我们了解紫杉醇生物合成的重要里程碑，并重点介绍了通过对潜在的关键基因进行基因组水平分析而取得的最新进展。我们认为，这些研究最终将为阐明整个紫杉醇生物合成途径铺平道路，并促进通过合成生物学方法实现紫杉醇的工业化生产。然而，在我们充分挖掘紫杉醇类药物惊人的治疗潜力之前，还有几大挑战摆在我们面前。
{"title":"Post-genomic illumination of paclitaxel biosynthesis","authors":"Alisdair R. Fernie, Fang Liu, Youjun Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01869-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01869-8","url":null,"abstract":"Paclitaxel rapidly became one of the most effective anticancer drugs. However, the production of paclitaxel is hindered by substantial challenges, particularly considering the significant quantities of drug required and the inherently low concentration of paclitaxel and its intermediates in plants. Paclitaxel is currently produced in a so-called semi-synthesis in which baccatin III is extracted from Taxus species and chemically converted to paclitaxel. Despite the fact that many of the intermediates of paclitaxel biosynthesis are yet to be experimentally determined, a set of recent papers—facilitated by the sequencing and assembly of three Taxus genomes—has uncovered the minimal gene sets for both baccatin III and paclitaxel biosynthesis. Here we summarize the key milestones towards our understanding of paclitaxel biosynthesis and highlight recent advancements made possible by genome-level analysis of potential key genes involved. We argue that these studies will ultimately pave the way towards the elucidation of the entire paclitaxel biosynthetic pathway and facilitate the industrial production of paclitaxel via synthetic biology approaches. However, several major challenges lie ahead before we can fully tap into the amazing curative potential that taxanes provide. The production of the anticancer drug paclitaxel depends on the extraction of the intermediate baccatin III from Taxus species. This Review highlights recent progress in genome-level analysis of paclitaxel and baccatin III biosynthesis based on sequenced Taxus genomes to guide the future discovery of biosynthesis genes.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1875-1885"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01845-2
Qun Wang, Fan Feng, Kechun Zhang, Yonghui He, Weiwei Qi, Zeyang Ma, Rentao Song
The endosperm of cereal grains feeds the entire world as a major food supply; however, little is known about its defence response during endosperm development. The Inducer of CBF Expression 1 (ICE1) is a well-known regulator of cold tolerance in plants. ICE1 has a monocot-specific homologue that is preferentially expressed in cereal endosperms but with an unclear regulatory function. Here we characterized the function of monocot-specific ZmICE1a, which is expressed in the entire endosperm, with a predominant expression in its peripheral regions, including the aleurone layer, subaleurone layer and basal endosperm transfer layer in maize (Zea mays). Loss of function of ZmICE1a reduced starch content and kernel weight. RNA sequencing and CUT&Tag-seq analyses revealed that ZmICE1a positively regulates genes in starch synthesis while negatively regulating genes in aleurone layer-specific defence and the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid and jasmonic acid (JA). Exogenous indole-3-acetic acid and JA both induce the expression of numerous defence genes, which show distinct spatial-specific expression in the basal endosperm transfer layer and subaleurone layer, respectively. Moreover, we dissected a JA–ZmJAZ9–ZmICE1a–MPI signalling axis involved in JA-mediated defence regulation. Overall, our study revealed ZmICE1a as a key regulator of endosperm defence response and a coordinator of the defence–storage trade-off in endosperm development. A cereal-specific transcription factor, ZmICE1a, positively regulates storage in the central part of the endosperm while negatively regulating defence in its peripheral region, revealing the molecular mechanism underlying the antagonism between resistance and yield, which is crucial for cereal crop improvement.
{"title":"ZmICE1a regulates the defence–storage trade-off in maize endosperm","authors":"Qun Wang, Fan Feng, Kechun Zhang, Yonghui He, Weiwei Qi, Zeyang Ma, Rentao Song","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01845-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01845-2","url":null,"abstract":"The endosperm of cereal grains feeds the entire world as a major food supply; however, little is known about its defence response during endosperm development. The Inducer of CBF Expression 1 (ICE1) is a well-known regulator of cold tolerance in plants. ICE1 has a monocot-specific homologue that is preferentially expressed in cereal endosperms but with an unclear regulatory function. Here we characterized the function of monocot-specific ZmICE1a, which is expressed in the entire endosperm, with a predominant expression in its peripheral regions, including the aleurone layer, subaleurone layer and basal endosperm transfer layer in maize (Zea mays). Loss of function of ZmICE1a reduced starch content and kernel weight. RNA sequencing and CUT&Tag-seq analyses revealed that ZmICE1a positively regulates genes in starch synthesis while negatively regulating genes in aleurone layer-specific defence and the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid and jasmonic acid (JA). Exogenous indole-3-acetic acid and JA both induce the expression of numerous defence genes, which show distinct spatial-specific expression in the basal endosperm transfer layer and subaleurone layer, respectively. Moreover, we dissected a JA–ZmJAZ9–ZmICE1a–MPI signalling axis involved in JA-mediated defence regulation. Overall, our study revealed ZmICE1a as a key regulator of endosperm defence response and a coordinator of the defence–storage trade-off in endosperm development. A cereal-specific transcription factor, ZmICE1a, positively regulates storage in the central part of the endosperm while negatively regulating defence in its peripheral region, revealing the molecular mechanism underlying the antagonism between resistance and yield, which is crucial for cereal crop improvement.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1999-2013"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142718896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01852-3
Jaccoline M. S. Zegers, Jan de Vries
Plant adaptation to life on land included gaining the ability to obtain nutrients from barren terrestrial substrates. New work pinpoints a small, conserved genetic core with extensive rewiring of nutrient-response networks between the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and a distant streptophyte algal relative, Klebsormidium nitens.
{"title":"Agile nutrient network evolution","authors":"Jaccoline M. S. Zegers, Jan de Vries","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01852-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01852-3","url":null,"abstract":"Plant adaptation to life on land included gaining the ability to obtain nutrients from barren terrestrial substrates. New work pinpoints a small, conserved genetic core with extensive rewiring of nutrient-response networks between the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and a distant streptophyte algal relative, Klebsormidium nitens.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1857-1858"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant responses to nitrate, phosphate and sucrose form a complex molecular network crucial for terrestrial adaptation. However, the origins, functional diversity and evolvability of this network during plant terrestrialization remain scarcely understood. Here we compare the transcriptomic response to these nutrients in the bryophyte Marchantia polymorpha and the streptophyte alga Klebsormidium nitens. We show that the largely species-specific nutrient response pattern is driven by gene regulatory network (GRN) alterations. Intriguingly, while pathways governing the GRNs exhibit modest conservation, M. polymorpha GRNs exhibit more regulatory connections through the redeployment of ancient transcription factor CSD. In M. polymorpha, functional analyses reveal the involvement of pre-existing cytokinin machineries in downstream targets, orchestrating plastic morpho-physiological responses to nutrient status. Our findings implicate the genetic co-option events facilitating successful land plant establishment. The first land plant faced environmental challenges during terrestrial colonization. This study shows how the co-option of gene regulatory networks contributes to nutrient responses, facilitating the terrestrial adaptation of ancestral land plants.
植物对硝酸盐、磷酸盐和蔗糖的反应形成了一个复杂的分子网络，对陆地适应至关重要。然而，人们对这一网络在植物陆地化过程中的起源、功能多样性和可演化性仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们比较了裸子植物 Marchantia polymorpha 和链格藻 Klebsormidium nitens 对这些营养物质的转录组反应。我们发现，基因调控网络（GRN）的改变在很大程度上驱动了物种特异性的营养响应模式。耐人寻味的是，虽然调控基因调控网络的途径表现出适度的保守性，但 M. polymorpha 的基因调控网络通过重新部署古老的转录因子 CSD 而表现出更多的调控联系。在 M. polymorpha 中，功能分析揭示了已有的细胞分裂素机制参与下游目标，协调对营养状况的可塑性形态生理反应。我们的研究结果揭示了促进陆生植物成功建立的基因共通事件。
{"title":"Co-option of plant gene regulatory network in nutrient responses during terrestrialization","authors":"Yating Dong, Shalini Krishnamoorthi, Grace Zi Hao Tan, Zheng Yong Poh, Daisuke Urano","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01851-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01851-4","url":null,"abstract":"Plant responses to nitrate, phosphate and sucrose form a complex molecular network crucial for terrestrial adaptation. However, the origins, functional diversity and evolvability of this network during plant terrestrialization remain scarcely understood. Here we compare the transcriptomic response to these nutrients in the bryophyte Marchantia polymorpha and the streptophyte alga Klebsormidium nitens. We show that the largely species-specific nutrient response pattern is driven by gene regulatory network (GRN) alterations. Intriguingly, while pathways governing the GRNs exhibit modest conservation, M. polymorpha GRNs exhibit more regulatory connections through the redeployment of ancient transcription factor CSD. In M. polymorpha, functional analyses reveal the involvement of pre-existing cytokinin machineries in downstream targets, orchestrating plastic morpho-physiological responses to nutrient status. Our findings implicate the genetic co-option events facilitating successful land plant establishment. The first land plant faced environmental challenges during terrestrial colonization. This study shows how the co-option of gene regulatory networks contributes to nutrient responses, facilitating the terrestrial adaptation of ancestral land plants.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1955-1968"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142712794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01830-9
Susanne S. Renner
The most widespread chromosomal sex determination systems in plants and animals with separate sexes are the XY system, in which males are heterogametic, and the ZW system, in which females are heterogametic. Figuring out which species has which system has become easier with fully phased, chromosome-scale genome assemblies. A new study now provides such a genome for Amborella trichopoda, with its Z and W sex chromosomes nearly completely assembled.
在有两性之分的动植物中，最普遍的染色体性别决定系统是雄性异配的 XY 系统和雌性异配的 ZW 系统。有了全相位、染色体尺度的基因组组装，找出哪个物种具有哪个系统就变得容易多了。现在，一项新的研究为 Amborella trichopoda 提供了这样一个基因组，其 Z 和 W 性染色体几乎完全组装完毕。
{"title":"Unlocking Amborella’s ZW sex chromosome system","authors":"Susanne S. Renner","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01830-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01830-9","url":null,"abstract":"The most widespread chromosomal sex determination systems in plants and animals with separate sexes are the XY system, in which males are heterogametic, and the ZW system, in which females are heterogametic. Figuring out which species has which system has become easier with fully phased, chromosome-scale genome assemblies. A new study now provides such a genome for Amborella trichopoda, with its Z and W sex chromosomes nearly completely assembled.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1854-1856"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-25DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01858-x
Sarah B. Carey, Laramie Aközbek, John T. Lovell, Jerry Jenkins, Adam L. Healey, Shengqiang Shu, Paul Grabowski, Alan Yocca, Ada Stewart, Teresa Jones, Kerrie Barry, Shanmugam Rajasekar, Jayson Talag, Charlie Scutt, Porter P. Lowry II, Jérôme Munzinger, Eric B. Knox, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, Jane Grimwood, Jeremy Schmutz, James Leebens-Mack, Alex Harkess
Sex chromosomes have evolved hundreds of times across the flowering plant tree of life; their recent origins in some members of this clade can shed light on the early consequences of suppressed recombination, a crucial step in sex chromosome evolution. Amborella trichopoda, the sole species of a lineage that is sister to all other extant flowering plants, is dioecious with a young ZW sex determination system. Here we present a haplotype-resolved genome assembly, including highly contiguous assemblies of the Z and W chromosomes. We identify a ~3-megabase sex-determination region (SDR) captured in two strata that includes a ~300-kilobase inversion that is enriched with repetitive sequences and contains a homologue of the Arabidopsis METHYLTHIOADENOSINE NUCLEOSIDASE (MTN1-2) genes, which are known to be involved in fertility. However, the remainder of the SDR does not show patterns typically found in non-recombining SDRs, such as repeat accumulation and gene loss. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that dioecy is derived in Amborella and the sex chromosome pair has not significantly degenerated. The haplotype-resolved genome in Amborella trichopoda addresses outstanding questions on the structure and gene content of the recently evolved ZW sex chromosomes.
性染色体在有花植物生命树上已经进化了数百次；它们最近在该支系一些成员中的起源可以揭示抑制重组的早期后果，这是性染色体进化的一个关键步骤。Amborella trichopoda是与所有其他现存有花植物为姐妹系的唯一物种，雌雄异株，具有年轻的ZW性别决定系统。在这里，我们展示了一个单体型解析的基因组组装，包括高度连续的 Z 染色体和 W 染色体的组装。我们发现了一个约 3 兆碱基的性别决定区（SDR），该区包括一个约 300 千碱基的反转，富含重复序列，并含有拟南芥甲基硫代腺苷核苷酸酶（MTN1-2）基因的同源物，而这些基因已知与生育力有关。然而，SDR 的其余部分并没有表现出非重组 SDR 的典型模式，如重复积累和基因缺失。这些发现与雌雄异体的假说一致，即在 Amborella 中雌雄异体是派生的，性染色体对没有明显退化。
{"title":"ZW sex chromosome structure in Amborella trichopoda","authors":"Sarah B. Carey, Laramie Aközbek, John T. Lovell, Jerry Jenkins, Adam L. Healey, Shengqiang Shu, Paul Grabowski, Alan Yocca, Ada Stewart, Teresa Jones, Kerrie Barry, Shanmugam Rajasekar, Jayson Talag, Charlie Scutt, Porter P. Lowry II, Jérôme Munzinger, Eric B. Knox, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, Jane Grimwood, Jeremy Schmutz, James Leebens-Mack, Alex Harkess","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01858-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01858-x","url":null,"abstract":"Sex chromosomes have evolved hundreds of times across the flowering plant tree of life; their recent origins in some members of this clade can shed light on the early consequences of suppressed recombination, a crucial step in sex chromosome evolution. Amborella trichopoda, the sole species of a lineage that is sister to all other extant flowering plants, is dioecious with a young ZW sex determination system. Here we present a haplotype-resolved genome assembly, including highly contiguous assemblies of the Z and W chromosomes. We identify a ~3-megabase sex-determination region (SDR) captured in two strata that includes a ~300-kilobase inversion that is enriched with repetitive sequences and contains a homologue of the Arabidopsis METHYLTHIOADENOSINE NUCLEOSIDASE (MTN1-2) genes, which are known to be involved in fertility. However, the remainder of the SDR does not show patterns typically found in non-recombining SDRs, such as repeat accumulation and gene loss. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that dioecy is derived in Amborella and the sex chromosome pair has not significantly degenerated. The haplotype-resolved genome in Amborella trichopoda addresses outstanding questions on the structure and gene content of the recently evolved ZW sex chromosomes.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1944-1954"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-024-01858-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01865-y
Ziwei Lin, Ying Guo, Ruiyuan Zhang, Yiming Li, Yue Wu, Jen Sheen, Kun-hsiang Liu
Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant stress adaptation, growth and reproduction. Despite extensive ABA–Ca2+ signalling links, imaging ABA-induced increases in Ca2+ concentration has been challenging, except in guard cells. Here we visualize ABA-triggered [Ca2+] dynamics in diverse organs and cell types of Arabidopsis thaliana using a genetically encoded Ca2+ ratiometric sensor with a low-nanomolar Ca2+-binding affinity and a large dynamic range. The subcellular-targeted Ca2+ ratiometric sensor reveals time-resolved and unique spatiotemporal Ca2+ signatures from the initial plasma-membrane nanodomain, to cytosol, to nuclear oscillation. Via receptors and sucrose-non-fermenting1-related protein kinases (SnRK2.2/2.3/2.6), ABA activates low-nanomolar Ca2+ transient and Ca2+-sensor protein kinase (CPK10/30/32) signalling in the root cap cycle from stem cells to cell detachment. Surprisingly, unlike the prevailing NaCl-stimulated micromolar Ca2+ spike, salt stress induces a low-nanomolar Ca2+ transient through ABA signalling, repressing key transcription factors that dictate cell fate and enzymes that are crucial to root cap maturation and slough. Our findings uncover ABA–Ca2+–CPK signalling that modulates root cap cycle plasticity in adaptation to adverse environments. This study reveals ABA-triggered low-nanomolar Ca2+ dynamics in diverse plant organs and cell types using an ultrasensitive Ca2+ biosensor. Spatiotemporal Ca2+ dynamics modulate the root cap cycle in adaptation to stress through ABA–Ca2+–CPK signalling.
脱落酸（ABA）调节植物的胁迫适应、生长和繁殖。尽管 ABA 与 Ca2+ 信号有广泛的联系，但除了在保卫细胞中，对 ABA 诱导的 Ca2+ 浓度增加进行成像一直是一项挑战。在这里，我们利用一种基因编码的 Ca2+ 比率传感器（具有低纳摩尔 Ca2+ 结合亲和力和较大的动态范围）对拟南芥不同器官和细胞类型中 ABA 触发的[Ca2+]动态进行了可视化。这种亚细胞靶向 Ca2+ 比率测定传感器揭示了从最初的质膜纳米域到细胞质再到核振荡的时间分辨和独特的时空 Ca2+ 特征。通过受体和蔗糖-非发酵1相关蛋白激酶（SnRK2.2/2.3/2.6），ABA激活了从干细胞到细胞脱落的根帽周期中的低纳摩尔Ca2+瞬时和Ca2+感应蛋白激酶（CPK10/30/32）信号。令人惊讶的是，与普遍的 NaCl 刺激微摩尔 Ca2+ 峰值不同，盐胁迫通过 ABA 信号诱导低纳摩尔 Ca2+ 瞬态，抑制决定细胞命运的关键转录因子以及对根帽成熟和脱落至关重要的酶。我们的研究结果揭示了 ABA-Ca2+-CPK 信号在适应不利环境过程中调节根帽周期可塑性的作用。
{"title":"ABA-activated low-nanomolar Ca2+–CPK signalling controls root cap cycle plasticity and stress adaptation","authors":"Ziwei Lin, Ying Guo, Ruiyuan Zhang, Yiming Li, Yue Wu, Jen Sheen, Kun-hsiang Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01865-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01865-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant stress adaptation, growth and reproduction. Despite extensive ABA–Ca2+ signalling links, imaging ABA-induced increases in Ca2+ concentration has been challenging, except in guard cells. Here we visualize ABA-triggered [Ca2+] dynamics in diverse organs and cell types of Arabidopsis thaliana using a genetically encoded Ca2+ ratiometric sensor with a low-nanomolar Ca2+-binding affinity and a large dynamic range. The subcellular-targeted Ca2+ ratiometric sensor reveals time-resolved and unique spatiotemporal Ca2+ signatures from the initial plasma-membrane nanodomain, to cytosol, to nuclear oscillation. Via receptors and sucrose-non-fermenting1-related protein kinases (SnRK2.2/2.3/2.6), ABA activates low-nanomolar Ca2+ transient and Ca2+-sensor protein kinase (CPK10/30/32) signalling in the root cap cycle from stem cells to cell detachment. Surprisingly, unlike the prevailing NaCl-stimulated micromolar Ca2+ spike, salt stress induces a low-nanomolar Ca2+ transient through ABA signalling, repressing key transcription factors that dictate cell fate and enzymes that are crucial to root cap maturation and slough. Our findings uncover ABA–Ca2+–CPK signalling that modulates root cap cycle plasticity in adaptation to adverse environments. This study reveals ABA-triggered low-nanomolar Ca2+ dynamics in diverse plant organs and cell types using an ultrasensitive Ca2+ biosensor. Spatiotemporal Ca2+ dynamics modulate the root cap cycle in adaptation to stress through ABA–Ca2+–CPK signalling.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"11 1","pages":"90-104"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01872-z
The complete genome assembly of the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana reveals the genetic and epigenetic landscape of its centromeres, which have evolved via satellite expansion, retrotransposon enrichment, and mitochondrial DNA integration. These insights enhance knowledge of polyploid centromere diversity and evolution in Solanaceae species.
模式植物烟草（Nicotiana benthamiana）的完整基因组组装揭示了其中心粒的遗传和表观遗传景观，这些中心粒是通过卫星扩展、反转座子富集和线粒体 DNA 整合进化而来的。这些发现增进了对茄科植物多倍体中心粒多样性和进化的了解。
{"title":"Unravelling the centromere landscape and evolution in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01872-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01872-z","url":null,"abstract":"The complete genome assembly of the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana reveals the genetic and epigenetic landscape of its centromeres, which have evolved via satellite expansion, retrotransposon enrichment, and mitochondrial DNA integration. These insights enhance knowledge of polyploid centromere diversity and evolution in Solanaceae species.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1863-1864"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-21DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01860-3
Climate warming is accelerating successional processes, leading to late-successional species (fir) quickly outcompeting pioneer species (birch) at Himalayan treelines. This finding offers insights into the composition and interactions of future forest species, as well as their influences on ecosystem services.
{"title":"Climate warming speeds up species succession in Himalayan treelines","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01860-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01860-3","url":null,"abstract":"Climate warming is accelerating successional processes, leading to late-successional species (fir) quickly outcompeting pioneer species (birch) at Himalayan treelines. This finding offers insights into the composition and interactions of future forest species, as well as their influences on ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 12","pages":"1859-1860"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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