Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00541-1
Leonardo Nascimento, Catrina Godinho, Takeshi Kuramochi, Mia Moisio, Michel den Elzen, Niklas Höhne
In 2023, national and international climate policy advanced in many areas but also faced substantial domestic hurdles in others. Countries agreed on new global initiatives and many major emitters expanded national climate policies. However, others rolled back existing policies and continued to support fossil fuels, slowing down global progress.
{"title":"Climate policy in 2023","authors":"Leonardo Nascimento, Catrina Godinho, Takeshi Kuramochi, Mia Moisio, Michel den Elzen, Niklas Höhne","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00541-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00541-1","url":null,"abstract":"In 2023, national and international climate policy advanced in many areas but also faced substantial domestic hurdles in others. Countries agreed on new global initiatives and many major emitters expanded national climate policies. However, others rolled back existing policies and continued to support fossil fuels, slowing down global progress.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00541-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00542-0
Lettie A. Roach, Walter N. Meier
Antarctic sea ice extent was the lowest on record in 2023, with an annual mean of 9.81 million km2, beating the previous minimum of 2022. Arctic sea ice extent was also low, with an annual mean of 10.49 million km2, but did not break any records.
2023 年，南极海冰面积达到有记录以来的最低值，年平均值为 981 million km2，超过了之前 2022 年的最低值。北极海冰面积也很低，年平均值为 1,049 万平方公里，但没有打破任何记录。
{"title":"Sea ice in 2023","authors":"Lettie A. Roach, Walter N. Meier","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00542-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00542-0","url":null,"abstract":"Antarctic sea ice extent was the lowest on record in 2023, with an annual mean of 9.81 million km2, beating the previous minimum of 2022. Arctic sea ice extent was also low, with an annual mean of 10.49 million km2, but did not break any records.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00542-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00553-x
Nature Reviews Earth & Environment launches a new series of articles — Climate Chronicles — that document the characteristics and changes of select climate variables each year.
{"title":"Chronicling the climate of 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00553-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00553-x","url":null,"abstract":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment launches a new series of articles — Climate Chronicles — that document the characteristics and changes of select climate variables each year.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00553-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00536-y
Sarah Perkins-Kirkpatrick, David Barriopedro, Roshan Jha, Lin Wang, Arpita Mondal, Renata Libonati, Kai Kornhuber
Multiple relentless heatwaves occurred in 2023, with much of the world experiencing at least 20 more heatwave days than the 1991–2020 average. Prominent and record-breaking events included exceptional wintertime and spring heat in South America, large heatwaves over Europe, Africa and Asia, and a prolonged event over south-eastern USA and Central America.
{"title":"Extreme terrestrial heat in 2023","authors":"Sarah Perkins-Kirkpatrick, David Barriopedro, Roshan Jha, Lin Wang, Arpita Mondal, Renata Libonati, Kai Kornhuber","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00536-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00536-y","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple relentless heatwaves occurred in 2023, with much of the world experiencing at least 20 more heatwave days than the 1991–2020 average. Prominent and record-breaking events included exceptional wintertime and spring heat in South America, large heatwaves over Europe, Africa and Asia, and a prolonged event over south-eastern USA and Central America.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00536-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00544-y
Crystal A. Kolden, John T. Abatzoglou, Matthew W. Jones, Piyush Jain
Wildfires burned 384 Mha of land in 2023, the highest since 2017 but 5% lower than the 2001–2022 average. These fires emitted an estimated 2,524 Tg C, 30% of which came from Canada’s record fire season.
{"title":"Wildfires in 2023","authors":"Crystal A. Kolden, John T. Abatzoglou, Matthew W. Jones, Piyush Jain","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00544-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00544-y","url":null,"abstract":"Wildfires burned 384 Mha of land in 2023, the highest since 2017 but 5% lower than the 2001–2022 average. These fires emitted an estimated 2,524 Tg C, 30% of which came from Canada’s record fire season.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00544-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00543-z
Xiangyi Li, Kai Wang, Chris Huntingford, Zaichun Zhu, Josep Peñuelas, Ranga B. Myneni, Shilong Piao
Global greening continued into 2023, reaching near-record values that were dominated by regional enhancement in the mid-western USA, Europe, northern Australia and parts of equatorial Africa. In contrast, climatic events contributed to browning signals in Russia, Canada, Mexico and tropical drylands.
{"title":"Vegetation greenness in 2023","authors":"Xiangyi Li, Kai Wang, Chris Huntingford, Zaichun Zhu, Josep Peñuelas, Ranga B. Myneni, Shilong Piao","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00543-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00543-z","url":null,"abstract":"Global greening continued into 2023, reaching near-record values that were dominated by regional enhancement in the mid-western USA, Europe, northern Australia and parts of equatorial Africa. In contrast, climatic events contributed to browning signals in Russia, Canada, Mexico and tropical drylands.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00543-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00532-2
Zhu Liu, Zhu Deng, Steven J. Davis, Philippe Ciais
Global CO2 emissions for 2023 increased by only 0.1% relative to 2022 (following increases of 5.4% and 1.9% in 2021 and 2022, respectively), reaching 35.8 Gt CO2. These 2023 emissions consumed 10–66.7% of the remaining carbon budget to limit warming to 1.5°C, suggesting permissible emissions could be depleted within 0.5–6 years (67% likelihood).
{"title":"Global carbon emissions in 2023","authors":"Zhu Liu, Zhu Deng, Steven J. Davis, Philippe Ciais","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00532-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00532-2","url":null,"abstract":"Global CO2 emissions for 2023 increased by only 0.1% relative to 2022 (following increases of 5.4% and 1.9% in 2021 and 2022, respectively), reaching 35.8 Gt CO2. These 2023 emissions consumed 10–66.7% of the remaining carbon budget to limit warming to 1.5°C, suggesting permissible emissions could be depleted within 0.5–6 years (67% likelihood).","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00532-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00539-9
Lijing Cheng, Karina von Schuckmann, Audrey Minière, Maria Z. Hakuba, Sarah Purkey, Gavin A. Schmidt, Yuying Pan
In 2023, global full-depth ocean heat content (OHC) reached a record increase of 464 ± 55 ZJ since 1960, with strong heat gain observed in the Southern and Atlantic Oceans. OHC was 16 ± 10 ZJ higher than in 2022, continuing the long-term increasing trend that started in 1960.
{"title":"Ocean heat content in 2023","authors":"Lijing Cheng, Karina von Schuckmann, Audrey Minière, Maria Z. Hakuba, Sarah Purkey, Gavin A. Schmidt, Yuying Pan","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00539-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00539-9","url":null,"abstract":"In 2023, global full-depth ocean heat content (OHC) reached a record increase of 464 ± 55 ZJ since 1960, with strong heat gain observed in the Southern and Atlantic Oceans. OHC was 16 ± 10 ZJ higher than in 2022, continuing the long-term increasing trend that started in 1960.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00539-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00545-x
Bailing Li, Matthew Rodell
Global terrestrial water storage (TWS) anomalies reached a record low of –9.94 cm in 2023, decreasing 0.80 cm from 2022. These reductions largely reflect ongoing TWS losses from glacial melt and groundwater use for irrigation, offset by gains in central and eastern Antarctica and La Niña-related tropical wetting.
{"title":"Terrestrial water storage in 2023","authors":"Bailing Li, Matthew Rodell","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00545-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00545-x","url":null,"abstract":"Global terrestrial water storage (TWS) anomalies reached a record low of –9.94 cm in 2023, decreasing 0.80 cm from 2022. These reductions largely reflect ongoing TWS losses from glacial melt and groundwater use for irrigation, offset by gains in central and eastern Antarctica and La Niña-related tropical wetting.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00545-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s43017-024-00547-9
Hayley J. Fowler, Stephen Blenkinsop, Amy Green, Paul A. Davies
2023 saw a multitude of extreme precipitation events across the globe, causing flash flooding, countless fatalities and huge economic losses. Fuelled by a combination of a strong El Niño, record ocean warmth and anthropogenic warming, these events highlight the ongoing risks posed by extreme precipitation in a warming climate.
{"title":"Precipitation extremes in 2023","authors":"Hayley J. Fowler, Stephen Blenkinsop, Amy Green, Paul A. Davies","doi":"10.1038/s43017-024-00547-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43017-024-00547-9","url":null,"abstract":"2023 saw a multitude of extreme precipitation events across the globe, causing flash flooding, countless fatalities and huge economic losses. Fuelled by a combination of a strong El Niño, record ocean warmth and anthropogenic warming, these events highlight the ongoing risks posed by extreme precipitation in a warming climate.","PeriodicalId":18921,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Earth & Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43017-024-00547-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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