Neuroscience最新文献_第9页

Reproducibility of corticokinematic coherence for proprioceptive stimulation of the ankle joint 踝关节本体感觉刺激皮质运动一致性的再现性。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.049

Junru Chen , Toni Mujunen , Harri Piitulainen

Corticokinematic coherence (CKC) between cortical oscillations and limb kinematics reflects the cortical processing of proprioceptive afference. However, it remains unknown whether CKC to lower-limb proprioceptive stimulation is reproducible. Here we examined the reproducibility of CKC for the ankle joint in ∼one-year follow-up study.

Twenty-seven healthy volunteers participated in two magnetoencephalography (MEG) sessions separated by 13.2 ± 1.4 months. Continuous passive ankle-joint rotations were elicited at 2 Hz (4 min for each ankle) using MEG-compatible pneumatic actuators. Coherence was computed between foot acceleration and MEG signals. CKC strength was defined as the strongest coherence value from the vertex gradiometer pair above the foot region of the primary sensorimotor (SM1) cortex.

CKC strength did not differ significantly between sessions for the left (Session 1: 0.36 ± 0.14 vs. Session 2: 0.39 ± 0.15) or right (0.31 ± 0.15 vs. 0.32 ± 0.14) ankle, nor between ankles. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values indicated moderate day-to-day CKC reproducibility for both left (0.65) and right (0.67) ankle at 2 Hz, but good reproducibility for the left ankle (0.79) and moderate for the right ankle (0.66) at 4 Hz. However, a high degree of inter-individual variability in CKC strength was observed, and some individuals showed considerable inter-session variability.

CKC in response to proprioceptive stimulation of the ankle joint is reproducible at the group level. Our results support the applicability of CKC in longitudinal studies to examine cortical processing of lower-limb proprioceptive afference, but caution should be considered when following or comparing single individuals.

皮层振荡与肢体运动之间的皮质运动一致性（CKC）反映了本体感觉传入的皮质加工。然而，CKC对下肢本体感觉刺激是否具有可重复性尚不清楚。在此，我们在 ~ 为期一年的随访研究中检查了踝关节CKC的可重复性。27名健康志愿者参加了两次脑磁图（MEG）检查，间隔13.2 ± 1.4 个月。使用meg兼容的气动执行器以2 Hz（每个踝关节4 min）的速度进行连续的被动踝关节旋转。计算足部加速度与脑电信号之间的相干性。CKC强度定义为初级感觉运动（SM1）皮层足部上方顶点梯度仪对的最强相干值。左踝关节（第1组：0.36 ± 0.14 vs.第2组：0.39 ± 0.15）或右踝关节（0.31 ± 0.15 vs. 0.32 ± 0.14）之间的CKC强度没有显著差异，踝关节之间也没有显著差异。类内相关系数（ICC）值表明，在2 Hz下，左踝关节（0.65）和右踝关节（0.67）的日常CKC重复性中等，但在4 Hz下，左踝关节（0.79）和右踝关节（0.66）的重复性良好。然而，观察到CKC强度的高度个体间变异性，一些个体表现出相当大的间歇变异性。CKC对踝关节本体感觉刺激的反应在组水平上是可重复的。我们的研究结果支持CKC在纵向研究中检查下肢本体感觉传入皮层加工的适用性，但在跟踪或比较单个个体时应考虑谨慎。

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引用次数: 0

Dementia prevention requires moving beyond individual choice: the costs of effort and time intersect with social determinants of health 预防痴呆症需要超越个人选择：努力和时间的成本与健康的社会决定因素相互交织。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.043

Joaquín Migeot , Daniel Araya-Ríos , Matias Montecinos , Sandra Baez , María Isabel Behrens , Olga Castaner , Josephine Cruzat , Carolina Delgado , David De Jong-Bambagioni , Claudia Duran-Aniotz , Dafne Estefania Durón Reyes , Tavia E. Evans , Raul Gonzalez-Gomez , Myriam Gutiérrez , Katheen M Hayden , Hernan Hernandez , Agustin Ibanez , Agustina Legaz , Johnny Miller , Sonata Mačiulskytė , Dominic Trépel

Social determinants of health strongly influence modifiable risk factors for dementia, yet prevention frameworks list only individual-level behaviours and conditions, overlooking the impact of social and environmental factors on the risk of dementia. In this perspective, we introduce the concept of non-monetary costs as a central mechanism through which social determinants shape modifiable risk factors by influencing individuals’ ability to adopt healthy behaviours. Drawing from economic theory, we define non-monetary costs as the time and metabolic cost, perceived by individuals as physical and cognitive effort, required to engage in healthy behaviours. Under adverse social determinants of health, individuals effectively lack choice, as the non-monetary costs required to engage in healthy behaviours become prohibitively high. We propose a framework that links social determinants of health adversity to increased dementia risk through non-monetary costs. We apply this framework to each of the fourteen modifiable risk factors for dementia identified by the Lancet Commission, demonstrating how these costs systematically elevate risk in populations facing social adversity. Finally, we explore the implications of incorporating non-monetary cost assessments across research, interventions, clinical care, and public policy. We propose that quantifying and addressing these costs is essential for designing equitable, scalable, and contextually grounded strategies for dementia prevention across socially diverse populations.

健康的社会决定因素强烈影响可改变的痴呆症风险因素，但预防框架只列出了个人层面的行为和条件，忽视了社会和环境因素对痴呆症风险的影响。从这个角度来看，我们引入了非货币成本的概念，作为社会决定因素通过影响个人采取健康行为的能力来塑造可改变的风险因素的核心机制。根据经济学理论，我们将非货币成本定义为时间和代谢成本，个人认为这是从事健康行为所需的身体和认知努力。在不利的健康社会决定因素下，个人实际上缺乏选择，因为从事健康行为所需的非货币成本变得高得令人望而却步。我们提出了一个框架，通过非货币成本将健康逆境的社会决定因素与痴呆症风险增加联系起来。我们将这一框架应用于《柳叶刀》委员会确定的14种可改变的痴呆症风险因素中的每一种，展示了这些成本如何系统性地提高面临社会逆境的人群的风险。最后，我们探讨了在研究、干预、临床护理和公共政策中纳入非货币成本评估的含义。我们建议，量化和解决这些成本对于设计公平、可扩展和基于背景的战略，在不同社会群体中预防痴呆症至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Seasonal changes in the balance of brain monoamines of hibernating long-tailed ground squirrels (Urocitellus undulatus) 冬眠长尾地松鼠脑单胺平衡的季节变化。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.041

Nadezhda M. Zakharova , Yury S. Tarahovsky

Hibernation is a unique strategy developed during evolution, enabling animals to survive periods of extreme conditions and low resource availability. Hibernation is associated with such medically valuable phenomena as increased resistance to stress and disease, occurring under the strict control of the CNS and hormonal regulations. However, the contribution of monoamines in the brain of ground squirrel serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine to the brain modulation in different functional states of heterothermic animals in their annual life cycle has not been sufficiently studied.

We investigated the seasonal changes in the level of monoamines in the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and frontal cortex of long-tailed ground squirrel Urocitellus undulatus. The following monoamines and their metabolites were detected: (1) NE – norepinephrine; (2) ST-Group – group of serotonin including 5HT and 5-HIAA; (3) DA-Group – group of dopamine including DA, DOPAC, HVA, and 3-MT.

It was found that the ST-Group was dominant in the Summer/Fall season change. A reciprocal balance of monoamines with NE dominance was observed when comparing the Fall/Torpor, while the proportion of the DA-Group remained unchanged. The paper also discusses the correlation between the monoamines balance and exploratory behavior, measured in standard tests as the number of squares crossed, rearing, and head deeps into holes.

It is suggested that the observed reversible, seasonally determined imbalance of monoamines in hibernating animals may provide significant insights for investigating brain functioning in both healthy and pathological states, including medically recognized brain disorders.

冬眠是进化过程中形成的一种独特的策略，使动物能够在极端条件和低资源可用性的时期生存下来。冬眠与一些医学上有价值的现象有关，如对压力和疾病的抵抗力增强，在中枢神经系统和激素调节的严格控制下发生。然而，地鼠脑内单胺类血清素、多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素在异温动物年生命周期中不同功能状态下脑调节中的作用尚未得到充分研究。研究了长尾地鼠下丘脑、海马和额叶皮层单胺含量的季节性变化。检测以下单胺类及其代谢物：(1)NE -去甲肾上腺素；(2) st -组血清素包括5HT和5-HIAA；(3) DA- group -多巴胺组，包括DA、DOPAC、HVA、3- mt。结果表明，在夏秋季节变化中，st群占主导地位。当比较Fall/Torpor时，观察到单胺与NE优势的互惠平衡，而DA-Group的比例保持不变。本文还讨论了单胺平衡与探索行为之间的相关性，在标准测试中测量为交叉方形的数量，饲养和头部深度进入洞中。这表明，在冬眠动物中观察到的可逆的、季节性的单胺失衡可能为研究健康和病理状态下的大脑功能提供重要的见解，包括医学上公认的大脑疾病。

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引用次数: 0

Neural responses prior to licking onset in the striatal matrix compartment in mice 小鼠纹状体基质室舔舐前的神经反应

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.032

Yuta Ishimaru , Tomohiko Yoshizawa , Taishi Kimoto , Tadashi Inui , Yasutaka Yawaka , Makoto Funahashi

Licking is a continuous tongue thrust observed during drinking in rodents and humans and is often studied as an essential tongue movement for feeding and swallowing. The striatum, a major cortical input site of the basal ganglia, plays a critical role in licking onset; however, it is unclear how the two compartments of the striatum—the matrix and striosomes—contribute to the control of licking onset. In this study, we used male and female transgenic mice that selectively expressed Cre recombinase in matrix or striosome neurons and subjected them to operant conditioning based on licking of a spout, during which neuronal activity in both compartments was measured using the fiber photometry technique. Only matrix neurons showed responses prior to licking onset. In addition, the matrix neural response before licking onset was larger when mice licked a spout ipsilateral to the recording hemisphere of the brain than that observed when licking the contralateral spout. This response was observed similarly in mice conditioned to receive a reward regularly, suggesting that the response was unrelated to whether the reward was predictable or unpredictable. Moreover, both matrix and striosome neural activities were not correlated with the number of licks during the water intake behavior following the first lick. These findings suggest that matrix neurons are involved in the preparatory process for licking onset.

舔舐是啮齿类动物和人类在饮水时舌头持续的推力，通常被研究为进食和吞咽时必不可少的舌头运动。纹状体是基底神经节的主要皮层输入部位，在舔舐发生中起关键作用；然而，纹状体的两个区室——基质和纹状体——如何控制舔的发生尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们使用雄性和雌性转基因小鼠，在基质或纹状体神经元中选择性表达Cre重组酶，并对它们进行基于舔嘴的操作性条件反射，在此期间，使用纤维光度法测量两个隔间的神经元活性。只有基质神经元在舔舐开始前表现出反应。此外，当小鼠舔舔大脑记录半球同侧的喷嘴时，舔舐开始前的基质神经反应比舔舔对侧喷嘴时观察到的要大。这种反应在习惯于定期获得奖励的老鼠身上也被观察到，这表明这种反应与奖励是可预测的还是不可预测的无关。此外，在第一次舔水之后的饮水行为中，基质和纹状体的神经活动与舔水次数无关。这些发现表明基质神经元参与了舔舐开始的准备过程。

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引用次数: 0

Therapeutic potential of biomaterials in rescuing sensorineural hearing loss 生物材料治疗感音神经性听力损失的潜力

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.038

Shanying Han , Weiwei He , Hao Wei , Weilan Xiong , Wen Yang , Xiaolong Zhao , Xinghua Tang , Jiangang Fan

Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) caused by dysfunction of hair cells or auditory nerves seriously affects people’s lives worldwide. Once damaged, these inner ear cells in mammals cannot spontaneously regenerate due to their highly complex characteristics. At present, the efficacy of traditional drugs is limited due to the complex and delicate structure of the inner ear, which poses challenges for repairing and regenerating inner ear cells. Based on previous experimental results, the culture system constructed with biomaterials has significantly improved the efficacy of drug therapy by simulating the microenvironment of inner ear cells and promoting cell interactions. We reviewed the latest advances in biomaterials for inner ear cell protection, repair of related auditory genes, and development of cochlear implant materials, providing insightful insights for reconstructing auditory circuits in SNHL patients.

由毛细胞或听神经功能障碍引起的感音神经性听力损失严重影响着人们的生活。哺乳动物的这些内耳细胞由于其高度复杂的特性，一旦受损，就不能自发再生。目前，由于内耳结构复杂细腻，传统药物的疗效有限，这给内耳细胞的修复和再生带来了挑战。基于前期实验结果，利用生物材料构建的培养体系通过模拟内耳细胞微环境，促进细胞相互作用，显著提高了药物治疗效果。本文综述了内耳细胞保护、相关听觉基因修复、人工耳蜗材料等生物材料的最新进展，为SNHL患者听觉回路的重建提供了有益的见解。

引用次数: 0

Sex differences in sleep fragmentation in 5xFAD mice 5xFAD小鼠睡眠片段性的性别差异

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.035

Kaitlyn J. Kim , Angel-Rose L. Villegas , Amanda R. Kelley , Edwin M. Labut , Tory M. Hagen , Kathy R. Magnusson , Heidi Kloefkorn

Sleep alterations have long been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but whether it is an early symptom or only develops later in the pathological progression remains unknown. To study this, 5xFAD heterozygous (Het) mice, a transgenic model of amyloid overexpression, and wild-type (WT) littermates at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 months of age were assessed within instrumented home cages to noninvasively score 3-state sleep using respirations and gross body movements during the dark cycle. Progressive alterations in dark cycle sleep architecture were identified in Het animals as early as 1 month of age. Compared to WT littermates, Het mice exhibited increased sleep fragmentation and more microarousals. These effects were more pronounced in females than in males. Across ages, Het mice showed increased time awake and decreased sleep time, latency to rapid eye movement (REM) and total time in REM, although percent sleep time spent in REM did not differ significantly from WT controls. Most genotype differences widened by 6 months of age. Female mice exhibited shorter total time in non-REM relative to males. Additionally, females spent a greater proportion of time in wake, findings consistent with prior literature on WT sex differences in sleep vulnerability. Given that transgene expression was evidenced by day 15 of the 5xFAD Het and escalated with age, the observed early sleep dysregulation was likely reflective of the accumulation of soluble amyloid-beta oligomers. These results highlight early, sex-specific disruptions in dark cycle sleep that may serve as preclinical markers of AD-related pathology.

长期以来，睡眠改变与阿尔茨海默病（AD）有关，但它是一种早期症状，还是在病理进展的后期才出现，目前尚不清楚。为了研究这一点，研究人员在家用仪器笼子中对1、2、3、4和6 月龄的野生型（WT） 5 × fad杂合小鼠（一种淀粉样蛋白过表达转基因模型）和1、2、3、4和6个月龄的野生型（WT）幼崽进行了评估，在黑暗周期中使用呼吸和粗大身体运动对三状态睡眠进行无创评分。早在1个 个月大的Het动物中就发现了暗周期睡眠结构的进行性改变。与WT幼崽相比，ht小鼠表现出更多的睡眠碎片和更多的微觉醒。这些影响在女性中比在男性中更为明显。随着年龄的增长，小鼠的清醒时间增加，睡眠时间减少，快速眼动潜伏期（REM）和快速眼动总时间减少，尽管快速眼动睡眠时间的百分比与WT对照组没有显著差异。大多数基因型差异在6 月龄时扩大。雌性小鼠在非快速眼动期的总时间比雄性小鼠短。此外，女性醒着的时间比例更大，这与之前关于睡眠易感性的WT性别差异的文献一致。考虑到转基因表达在5xFAD Het的第15天得到证实，并随着年龄的增长而增加，观察到的早期睡眠失调可能反映了可溶性淀粉样蛋白- β低聚物的积累。这些结果强调了早期，性别特异性的暗周期睡眠中断可能作为ad相关病理的临床前标记。

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引用次数: 0

Two-hit perinatal injuries cause gut microbial dysbiosis in offspring 两次围产期损伤导致子代肠道微生物失调

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.033

Gilbert Aaron Lee , Yu-Wei Chang , Yu-Chen S.H. Yang , Sung-Hui Tseng , Ching-Chiung Wang , Chia-Jung Lee , Jung-Su Chang , Shan-Hong Wu , Mu-Ming Chien , Kang-Wei Chang , Hsi Chang

Perinatal exposure to infection and the subsequent inflammatory response have been linked to the development of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we systematically investigated the impact of two-hit perinatal injuries, combining lipopolysaccharide-induced fetal inflammation and postnatal hypoxia, on the brain-gut axis in offspring. We evaluated key parameters such as social behavior (n = 12), motor function (n = 10), anxiety-like behavior (n = 8), myelination (n = 3), fecal microbiome composition (n = 14), and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations (n = 5) in Wistar rats with perinatal injury. Our findings revealed that offspring with perinatal injury exhibited significant impairments in social behavior and motor function, alongside heightened anxiety-like behaviors. Additionally, hypomyelination was observed in the anterior cingulate cortex, motor cortex, and somatosensory cortex. Microbiome analysis demonstrated a trend toward decreased in alpha diversity, a significantly altered microbiota composition relative to controls, as indicated by beta diversity analysis, and significantly reduced levels of Faecalibacterium, a lower Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio, and an increase in Prevotellaceae and Candidatus stoquefichus. These changes were accompanied by a marked reduction in fecal SCFAs, particularly acetic acid. This study is the first to establish a direct link between two-hit perinatal injuries and disruptions in the brain-gut axis, resulting in gut microbial dysbiosis and altered SCFA levels. Our findings underscore the critical role of gut microbiota and SCFAs in neurodevelopment and offer new insights for developing interventions that target the gut-brain axis to mitigate the effects of perinatal inflammation.

围产期暴露于感染和随后的炎症反应与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的发展有关。在这项研究中，我们系统地研究了两种围产期损伤，结合脂多糖诱导的胎儿炎症和产后缺氧，对后代脑肠轴的影响。我们评估了围产期损伤Wistar大鼠的社会行为（n = 12）、运动功能（n = 10）、焦虑样行为（n = 8）、髓鞘形成（n = 3）、粪便微生物组组成（n = 14）和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度（n = 5）等关键参数。我们的研究结果显示，围产期损伤的后代在社交行为和运动功能方面表现出明显的障碍，同时焦虑样行为也会增加。此外，在前扣带皮层、运动皮层和体感觉皮层也观察到髓鞘化降低。微生物组分析显示，α多样性呈下降趋势，与对照组相比，微生物群组成显著改变，Faecalibacterium水平显著降低，firmicutes / bacteroidota比例降低，Prevotellaceae和Candidatus stoquefichus水平增加。这些变化伴随着粪便中短链脂肪酸的显著减少，尤其是乙酸。这项研究首次建立了两次围产期损伤与脑-肠轴中断之间的直接联系，导致肠道微生物生态失调和SCFA水平改变。我们的研究结果强调了肠道微生物群和scfa在神经发育中的关键作用，并为开发针对肠-脑轴的干预措施以减轻围产期炎症的影响提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Developmental changes in cognitive-motor interference management during dual-task treadmill walking in healthy children aged 7 to 12 years 7 - 12岁健康儿童双任务跑步机行走过程中认知-运动干扰管理的发展变化

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.031

Delphine Fauvel, Estelle Palluel

This study examined cognitive-motor interference (CMI) in children and adults by manipulating both cognitive and motor task difficulty during a dual-task paradigm (DT). Participants performed an auditory oddball task with three levels of cognitive demand while either sitting or walking on a treadmill, without instructions on task prioritization. Results revealed that increasing cognitive difficulty intensified CMI across all age groups, with younger children (7–9 years) showing the greatest decline in cognitive accuracy. Older children (10–12 years) and adults demonstrated more stable performance, reflecting the maturation of attentional control. Gait analysis indicated that spatiotemporal parameters improved with age, but treadmill use may have masked subtle developmental differences. Notably, cognitive load led to reduced gait variability and increased stability, suggesting adaptive resource allocation. Children prioritized motor stability under challenging conditions, while adults balanced cognitive and motor demands more effectively. These findings support a dynamic, developmentally-sensitive model of attentional capacity rather than a fixed resource-sharing framework. The results have practical implications for education and rehabilitation, highlighting the potential of targeted dual-task interventions to enhance CMI resilience in children. Overall, the study advances understanding of how cognitive and motor systems interact across development, emphasizing the importance of tailored strategies to optimize performance during critical periods of growth.

本研究通过在双任务范式（DT）中操纵认知和运动任务难度来研究儿童和成人的认知-运动干扰（CMI）。参与者在没有任务优先级指示的情况下，坐着或在跑步机上行走，完成了一项有三个认知需求等级的听觉古怪任务。结果显示，认知难度的增加加剧了所有年龄组的CMI，年龄较小的儿童（7-9岁）的认知准确性下降幅度最大。年龄较大的儿童（10-12岁）和成人表现出更稳定的表现，反映了注意力控制的成熟。步态分析表明，时空参数随着年龄的增长而改善，但使用跑步机可能掩盖了细微的发育差异。值得注意的是，认知负荷导致步态变异性减少和稳定性增加，表明适应性资源分配。儿童在挑战性条件下优先考虑运动稳定性，而成年人更有效地平衡认知和运动需求。这些发现支持一个动态的、发育敏感的注意力能力模型，而不是一个固定的资源共享框架。研究结果对教育和康复具有实际意义，强调了有针对性的双任务干预在提高儿童CMI恢复力方面的潜力。总的来说，这项研究促进了对认知和运动系统如何在发育过程中相互作用的理解，强调了在生长关键时期优化表现的量身定制策略的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Astrocyte autophagy-neuroinflammation axis in ischemic stroke: From molecular mechanisms to translational medicine 缺血性卒中中的星形细胞自噬-神经炎症轴：从分子机制到转化医学。

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.036

Haoran Wang, Yuanzheng Qiao, Haimin Lu, Lifang Xiao, Qiong Cheng

Astrocyte autophagy has emerged as a pivotal regulator of neuroinflammatory dynamics and ischemic brain injury, exhibiting context-dependent dual roles in stroke pathology. Cerebral ischemia triggers the activation of two functionally polarized astrocyte subtypes: the neurotoxic A1 phenotype and the neuroprotective A2 phenotype. While previous studies have primarily focused on astrocytic involvement in neuroinflammation, glial scar formation, and blood–brain barrier disruption, emerging research has shifted attention to their autophagic regulation as a critical mechanism in ischemia–reperfusion injury. Autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved quality-control mechanism, serves as a master regulator of cellular homeostasis, energy metabolism, and phenotypic determination. Recent studies reveal that astrocyte autophagy exerts essential control over neuroinflammatory cascades, acting as a decisive factor influencing neuronal survival and functional recovery post-ischemia. This review (1) outlines ischemia-induced phenotypic switching in astrocytes; (2) describes interventions targeting astrocytic autophagy to modulate pathological progression following cerebral ischemia, emphasizing the potential of astrocyte autophagy as a therapeutic node to disrupt neuroinflammatory cascades; and (3) elucidates the molecular mechanisms by which astrocyte autophagy regulates neuroinflammation, further highlighting its translational potential. Additionally, we discuss novel preclinical strategies utilizing pharmacological enhancers and inhibitors of autophagy to mitigate ischemic brain injury. This review provides a novel perspective by focusing on the crosstalk between astrocyte autophagy and neuroinflammation in the context of ischemic injury. By delineating how autophagic pathways modulate inflammatory signaling within astrocytes, we highlight autophagy as an important regulator with therapeutic potential.

星形胶质细胞自噬已成为神经炎症动力学和缺血性脑损伤的关键调节因子，在卒中病理中表现出上下文依赖的双重作用。脑缺血触发两种功能极化星形胶质细胞亚型的激活：神经毒性A1表型和神经保护性A2表型。虽然先前的研究主要集中在星形细胞参与神经炎症、胶质瘢痕形成和血脑屏障破坏，但新兴研究已将注意力转移到它们的自噬调节作为缺血再灌注损伤的关键机制。自噬是一种进化上保守的质量控制机制，是细胞稳态、能量代谢和表型决定的主要调节因子。最近的研究表明，星形胶质细胞自噬对神经炎症级联反应具有重要的控制作用，是影响缺血后神经元存活和功能恢复的决定性因素。本文综述(1)概述了星形胶质细胞缺血诱导的表型转换；(2)描述了针对星形细胞自噬调节脑缺血后病理进展的干预措施，强调了星形细胞自噬作为破坏神经炎症级联反应的治疗节点的潜力；(3)阐明星形胶质细胞自噬调节神经炎症的分子机制，进一步强调其翻译潜力。此外，我们讨论了新的临床前策略，利用自噬的药理学增强剂和抑制剂来减轻缺血性脑损伤。本文就缺血性损伤背景下星形胶质细胞自噬与神经炎症之间的相互作用提供了一个新的视角。通过描述自噬途径如何调节星形胶质细胞内的炎症信号，我们强调自噬是一种具有治疗潜力的重要调节因子。

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引用次数: 0

Novel efficacy evidence and mechanistic explorations of motion-style scalp acupuncture in post-stroke muscle spasticity management: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 运动式头皮针刺治疗脑卒中后肌肉痉挛的新疗效证据和机制探讨：随机对照试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.030

Jin-Shan Zhong , Fei Li , Jun-Xiang Wang , Yi-Wen Zhang , Tian-Yi Shao , Lucas-Mthethwa-Mangono Mabena , Ji-Yuan Shi , Shao-Qian Zhang , Chao Yang

Objective

Motion-style scalp acupuncture (MSSA), integrating concurrent scalp acupuncture (SA) and motor rehabilitation (MR), has emerged as a promising intervention for post-stroke spasticity (PSS). This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and potential antispastic mechanisms.

Methods

Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched eight databases for relevant RCTs up to August 2025. The primary outcome was spasticity severity (modified Ashworth scale). Risk of bias were assessed using Cochrane RoB 2.0. Meta-analyses were performed using Stata, RevMan, and R software.

Results

Nineteen RCTs (n = 1648 participants) were included. Meta-analysis revealed that MSSA significantly reduced spasticity versus standalone SA/MR (95 % CI [−0.71, −0.47]), with concurrent improvements in motor function [0.54, 1.05], balance function [6.17, 12.35], and activities of daily living [0.85, 1.68]. Furthermore, MSSA was superior to sequential SA + MR for motor function recovery [0.48, 1.0] and daily living improvement [0.30, 0.90], underscoring the significance of concurrent application. Subgroup analysis preliminarily identified 30-minute needle retention [−1.55, −0.81] and 24-week duration [−1.55, −0.81] as potential determinants of optimal anti-spasticity outcomes. Mechanistic synthesis suggests MSSA may alleviate spasticity through enhanced cerebral perfusion, suppressed neuroinflammatory responses, and reduced spinal hyperexcitability, thereby promoting motor coordination.

Conclusions

MSSA demonstrates superior efficacy in improving PSS and associated motor dysfunction compared to standard therapies, with a favorable safety profile. Future high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm long-term benefits. The employment of advanced assessments (e.g., fMRI-based functional brain connectivity, muscle ultrasound) illuminates MSSA’s antispastic mechanisms across central-peripheral perspectives, furnishing robust evidence for protocol optimization.

目的：情绪型头皮针刺（MSSA）结合并发头皮针刺（SA）和运动康复（MR）治疗脑卒中后痉挛（PSS）是一种很有前景的干预手段。本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在评估其有效性、安全性和潜在的抗痉挛机制。方法按照PRISMA指南，系统检索截至2025年8月的8个数据库的相关rct。主要观察指标为痉挛严重程度（改良Ashworth量表）。采用Cochrane RoB 2.0评估偏倚风险。meta分析采用Stata、RevMan和R软件进行。结果共纳入19项随机对照试验（rct），共1648名受试者。荟萃分析显示，与独立SA/MR相比，MSSA显著降低了痉挛（95% CI[- 0.71, - 0.47]），同时改善了运动功能[0.54,1.05]，平衡功能[6.17,12.35]和日常生活活动[0.85,1.68]。此外，在运动功能恢复[0.48,1.0]和日常生活改善[0.30,0.90]方面，MSSA优于顺序SA + MR，强调了同时应用的重要性。亚组分析初步确定30分钟针头滞留[- 1.55,- 0.81]和24周持续时间[- 1.55,- 0.81]是最佳抗痉挛结果的潜在决定因素。机制综合表明，MSSA可能通过增强脑灌注、抑制神经炎症反应和减少脊髓过度兴奋性来缓解痉挛，从而促进运动协调。结论与标准疗法相比，smssa在改善PSS和相关运动功能障碍方面具有更优越的疗效，且具有良好的安全性。需要未来高质量的随机对照试验来确认长期益处。采用先进的评估（例如，基于fmri的功能性脑连接，肌肉超声）阐明了跨中枢-外周视角的MSSA的抗痉挛机制，为方案优化提供了有力的证据。

{"title":"Novel efficacy evidence and mechanistic explorations of motion-style scalp acupuncture in post-stroke muscle spasticity management: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Jin-Shan Zhong , Fei Li , Jun-Xiang Wang , Yi-Wen Zhang , Tian-Yi Shao , Lucas-Mthethwa-Mangono Mabena , Ji-Yuan Shi , Shao-Qian Zhang , Chao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.10.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Motion-style scalp acupuncture (MSSA), integrating concurrent scalp acupuncture (SA) and motor rehabilitation (MR), has emerged as a promising intervention for post-stroke spasticity (PSS). This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to evaluate its efficacy, safety, and potential antispastic mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched eight databases for relevant RCTs up to August 2025. The primary outcome was spasticity severity (modified Ashworth scale). Risk of bias were assessed using Cochrane RoB 2.0. Meta-analyses were performed using Stata, RevMan, and R software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nineteen RCTs (n = 1648 participants) were included. Meta-analysis revealed that MSSA significantly reduced spasticity versus standalone SA/MR (95 % CI [−0.71, −0.47]), with concurrent improvements in motor function [0.54, 1.05], balance function [6.17, 12.35], and activities of daily living [0.85, 1.68]. Furthermore, MSSA was superior to sequential SA + MR for motor function recovery [0.48, 1.0] and daily living improvement [0.30, 0.90], underscoring the significance of concurrent application. Subgroup analysis preliminarily identified 30-minute needle retention [−1.55, −0.81] and 24-week duration [−1.55, −0.81] as potential determinants of optimal anti-spasticity outcomes. Mechanistic synthesis suggests MSSA may alleviate spasticity through enhanced cerebral perfusion, suppressed neuroinflammatory responses, and reduced spinal hyperexcitability, thereby promoting motor coordination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MSSA demonstrates superior efficacy in improving PSS and associated motor dysfunction compared to standard therapies, with a favorable safety profile. Future high-quality RCTs are needed to confirm long-term benefits. The employment of advanced assessments (e.g., fMRI-based functional brain connectivity, muscle ultrasound) illuminates MSSA’s antispastic mechanisms across central-peripheral perspectives, furnishing robust evidence for protocol optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19142,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience","volume":"589 ","pages":"Pages 96-108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145365721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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