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Adherence to a low-fat dietary pattern reduces head and neck cancer risk: evidence from the PLCO trial. 坚持低脂饮食模式可降低头颈癌风险:来自 PLCO 试验的证据。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01026-z
Rong Wang, Haoyun Luo, Yijing Ye, Ling Xiang, Qijiu Chen

Purpose: Low-fat dietary (LFD) pattern refers to a dietary structure with reduced fat intake. The aim was to investigate the association between LFD pattern and risk of head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: Data were derived from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. LFD score was used to assess adherence to an LFD pattern, with higher scores indicating greater adherence. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between LFD score and risk of HNC and its subtypes. To visualize the trend in risk of HNC and its subtypes with changing LFD score, restricted cubic spline plots were utilized. A series of subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential confounders. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results.

Results: Among 98,459 participants of PLCO trial, 268 cases with HNC were identified during an average of 8.8 years of follow-up. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of LFD score had a lower risk of HNC (HR Q4 vs. Q1: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.40-0.90; P for trend = 0.026) and larynx cancer (HRQ4 vs. Q1: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.22-0.96; P for trend = 0.039). The restricted cubic spline plots demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship between the LFD score and the risk of HNC and its subtypes (all P for nonlinearity > 0.05). The primary association remained robust in the sensitivity analysis.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that adherence to an LFD pattern may lower the risk of HNC in the US population.

目的:低脂膳食(LFD)模式是指减少脂肪摄入的膳食结构。目的是研究低脂饮食模式与头颈癌(HNC)风险之间的关系:数据来自前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌筛查试验(PLCO)。LFD评分用于评估LFD模式的依从性,分数越高表示依从性越高。采用 Cox 回归评估 LFD 评分与 HNC 及其亚型风险之间的关系。为直观显示HNC及其亚型的风险随LFD评分变化的趋势,采用了限制性立方样条图。进行了一系列亚组分析,以确定潜在的混杂因素。为评估结果的稳健性,还进行了敏感性分析:在PLCO试验的98459名参与者中,平均8.8年的随访中发现了268例HNC病例。在完全调整模型中,与LFD得分最低的四分位数相比,LFD得分最高的参与者罹患HNC(HR Q4 vs. Q1:0.60;95% CI:0.40-0.90;P=0.026)和喉癌(HRQ4 vs. Q1:0.46;95% CI:0.22-0.96;P=0.039)的风险较低。限制性三次样条图显示,LFD评分与HNC及其亚型的风险之间存在线性剂量-反应关系(所有非线性P均大于0.05)。在敏感性分析中,主要的关联性仍然很强:我们的研究结果表明,坚持 LFD 模式可降低美国人群罹患 HNC 的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Association between fish oil and glucosamine use and mortality in patients diagnosed with cancer: the role of the Life Essential 8 score and cancer prognosis. 鱼油和氨基葡萄糖的使用与确诊癌症患者死亡率之间的关系:生命必备 8 评分和癌症预后的作用。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01032-1
Chun Sing Lam, Rong Hua, Herbert Ho-Fung Loong, Vincent Chi-Ho Chung, Yin Ting Cheung

Background: The effect of supplements on mortality risk in patients with cancer remains uncertain and has scarcely been investigated in subgroups of patients with varying characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the association between two popular supplements, fish oil and glucosamine, and mortality risk in a large population-based cohort and determine whether cardiovascular health and clinical prognosis influence these associations.

Methods: This prospective cohort study analyzed the data of UK Biobank participants who were diagnosed with cancer. The associations of fish oil and glucosamine consumption with mortality were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess the effects of Life Essential 8 [LE8] scores (a measure of cardiovascular health) and cancer prognosis (grouped according to the survival rates of specific cancer types) on the associations between supplement use and mortality.

Results: This analysis included 14,920 participants (mean age = 59.9 years; 60.2% female). One third (34.1%) of the participants reported using fish oil, and one fifth (20.5%) reported using glucosamine. Over a median follow-up of 12.0 years, 2,708 all-cause deaths were registered. The use of fish oil was associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.89, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.81-0.97) and cancer mortality (aHR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.98). Similarly, glucosamine use was associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.92) and cancer mortality (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.93) in the fully adjusted model. Subgroup analyses revealed that the protective effects of fish oil and glucosamine against mortality risk were only observed in patients with LE8 scores lower than the mean score or a poor cancer prognosis. Additionally, the association between glucosamine use and a reduced risk of CVD-related mortality was only observed in patients with lower LE8 scores.

Conclusions: This large cohort study identified the potential differential impact of LE8 scores and cancer prognosis on the associations of fish oil and glucosamine supplementation with survival in patients with cancer. This suggests the importance of considering these factors in future research on supplements and in the provision of personalized integrative cancer care.

背景:保健品对癌症患者死亡风险的影响仍不确定,而且很少对具有不同特征的亚组患者进行调查。本研究旨在调查鱼油和氨基葡萄糖这两种流行的营养补充剂与大型人群队列中死亡风险之间的关联,并确定心血管健康和临床预后是否会影响这些关联:这项前瞻性队列研究分析了英国生物库中被诊断为癌症的参与者的数据。采用 Cox 比例危险模型分析了鱼油和氨基葡萄糖摄入量与死亡率的关系。还进行了分组分析,以评估生命必需8[LE8]评分(衡量心血管健康状况的指标)和癌症预后(根据特定癌症类型的存活率分组)对补充剂使用与死亡率之间关系的影响:这项分析包括 14 920 名参与者(平均年龄 = 59.9 岁;60.2% 为女性)。三分之一(34.1%)的参与者报告使用鱼油,五分之一(20.5%)的参与者报告使用氨基葡萄糖。在 12.0 年的中位随访期间,共登记了 2 708 例全因死亡。使用鱼油可降低全因死亡风险(调整后危险比 [aHR] = 0.89,95% 置信区间 [CI] = 0.81-0.97)和癌症死亡风险(aHR = 0.89,95% CI = 0.81-0.98)。同样,在完全调整模型中,服用氨基葡萄糖与全因死亡风险降低(aHR = 0.83,95% CI = 0.74-0.92)和癌症死亡风险降低(aHR = 0.83,95% CI = 0.74-0.93)相关。亚组分析显示,鱼油和氨基葡萄糖对死亡风险的保护作用仅在LE8评分低于平均分或癌症预后较差的患者中观察到。此外,只有在LE8评分较低的患者中才能观察到使用氨基葡萄糖与降低心血管疾病相关死亡风险之间的联系:这项大型队列研究发现了LE8评分和癌症预后对补充鱼油和氨基葡萄糖与癌症患者生存率之间关系的潜在不同影响。这表明,在未来的营养补充剂研究和提供个性化综合癌症治疗时,考虑这些因素非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Niacin intake and mortality (total and cardiovascular disease) in patients with cardiovascular disease: Insights from NHANES 2003-2018. 烟酸摄入量与心血管疾病患者的死亡率(总死亡率和心血管疾病死亡率):从 2003-2018 年 NHANES 中获得的启示。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01027-y
Ruiming Yang, Menghan Zhu, Shuzhen Fan, Jing Zhang

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant challenge to global public health. Dietary intervention therapy offers high cost-effectiveness for treating CVD. Currently, there is limited research on the dietary niacin intake and survival of CVD patients. This study aims to examine the association of dietary niacin intake with long-term survival in people with CVD.

Methods: A nationally representative sample of 4,377 diabetes subjects was drawn from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data collected between 2003 and 2018. Dietary niacin intake in this study represents either the average of the two recalls or the value from one recall (if only one recall was available for a participant). Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs to examine the associations between dietary niacin intake and the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality.

Results: After adjustment for multiple covariates, HRs and 95% CIs in model 3 indicated that participants in the highest quartile (Quartile 4) of dietary niacin intake were at lower risk for all-cause mortality (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.90, P for trend = 0.010) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.67, 95% CI:0.51-0.89, P for trend = 0.020).

Conclusion: Higher dietary niacin intake may be associated with a reduced risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among CVD patients. Additionally, significant interactions were found between dietary niacin intake and BMI as well as vitamin B12 subgroups.

背景:心血管疾病(CVD)对全球公共卫生构成重大挑战。膳食干预疗法在治疗心血管疾病方面具有很高的成本效益。目前,有关膳食烟酸摄入量和心血管疾病患者存活率的研究十分有限。本研究旨在探讨膳食烟酸摄入量与心血管疾病患者长期生存的关系:从 2003 年至 2018 年期间收集的 NHANES(美国国家健康与营养调查)数据中抽取了具有全国代表性的 4377 名糖尿病受试者样本。本研究中的膳食烟酸摄入量代表两次召回的平均值或一次召回的值(如果受试者只有一次召回)。采用加权考克斯比例危险回归模型计算危险比(HRs)和 95% CIs,以研究膳食烟酸摄入量与全因和心血管疾病死亡风险之间的关系:在对多种协变量进行调整后,模型3中的HRs和95% CIs表明,膳食烟酸摄入量最高四分位数(四分位数4)的参与者全因死亡(HR=0.74,95% CI:0.60-0.90,趋势P=0.010)和心血管疾病死亡(HR=0.67,95% CI:0.51-0.89,趋势P=0.020)风险较低:结论:膳食中烟酸摄入量的增加可能与心血管疾病患者全因死亡和心血管疾病死亡风险的降低有关。此外,还发现膳食烟酸摄入量与体重指数以及维生素 B12 亚组之间存在明显的相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the role of dietary acid load in the development of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: uncovering the association through prospective cohort analysis. 评估膳食酸负荷在妊娠期高血压疾病发展中的作用:通过前瞻性队列分析发现关联。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01016-1
Fatemeh Safarpour, Mehrnoosh Shafaatdoost, Reza Naeimi, Ashraf Moini, Reihaneh Pirjani, Zahra Basirat, Azar Mardi-Mamaghani, Mahnaz Esmaeili, Mahroo Rezaeinejad, Mahdi Sepidarkish

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are common complications encountered in pregnancy that affect between 5% and 15% of pregnancies worldwide. Some studies have associated adherence to a diet with a high acid load with an increased risk of HDPs. This study investigates the association between Dietary Acid Load (DAL) and the incidence of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension (HTN), and gestational hypertension (GHTN).

Methods: Pregnant women aged 18 to 45 in the first trimester of pregnancy were selected and followed up until delivery. Diet was evaluated using a 168-question semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). After calculating the DAL score, the inverse probability weight of the propensity scores, estimated from augmented generalized models, was used to obtain a causal risk ratio (RR) adjusted for potential confounders.

Results: Out of 1,856 women, 92 (4.95%) developed preeclampsia. The potential renal acid load (PRAL) score ranged from - 16.14 to 0.58, while the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) score ranged from 34.61 to 50.15. Multivariable analysis revealed a significant association between PRAL and preeclampsia in the first (aRR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.49, p = 0.048) and third (aRR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.81, p = 0.030) quartiles compared to the reference group (Q2). No significant linear association was found in continuous analyses. For chronic HTN, significant associations were observed in the first (aRR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.21, 5.42, p = 0.014) and fourth (aRR: 4.79, 95% CI: 2.37, 9.71, p < 0.001) PRAL quartiles, with similar findings for NEAP. Continuous analysis showed a significant linear association between both PRAL and NEAP scores and chronic HTN. Regarding GHTN, significant associations were found in the first (aRR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.16, p = 0.041) and fourth (aRR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.70, p = 0.001) PRAL quartiles, and in Q4 for NEAP (aRR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.21, p = 0.012), with no significant linear association in continuous analysis.

Conclusion: Extremes in DAL, as indicated by PRAL and NEAP, are associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, chronic HTN, and GHTN, particularly in the highest and lowest quartiles. These findings highlight the potential impact of DAL on HDPs.

背景:妊娠高血压疾病(HDPs)是妊娠期常见的并发症,影响全球5%至15%的妊娠。一些研究表明,坚持高酸负荷饮食会增加妊娠高血压疾病的风险。本研究调查了膳食酸负荷(DAL)与子痫前期、慢性高血压(HTN)和妊娠高血压(GHTN)发病率之间的关系:方法:选取年龄在 18 至 45 岁之间、处于妊娠头三个月的孕妇,对其进行随访直至分娩。采用 168 题半定量食物频率问卷(FFQ)对饮食进行评估。在计算出 DAL 分数后,利用增强广义模型估算出的倾向分数的逆概率权重,得出调整潜在混杂因素后的因果风险比 (RR):在 1856 名妇女中,有 92 人(4.95%)罹患子痫前期。潜在肾酸负荷(PRAL)评分范围为-16.14至0.58,而净内源性产酸(NEAP)评分范围为34.61至50.15。多变量分析显示,与参照组(Q2)相比,PRAL 的第一四分位数(aRR:1.87,95% CI:1.01,3.49,p = 0.048)和第三四分位数(aRR:2.01,95% CI:1.07,3.81,p = 0.030)与子痫前期之间存在显著关联。在连续性分析中未发现明显的线性关系。就慢性高血压而言,在第一组(aRR:2.56,95% CI:1.21,5.42,p = 0.014)和第四组(aRR:4.79,95% CI:2.37,9.71,p 结论)中观察到了明显的相关性:PRAL和NEAP显示的DAL极值与子痫前期、慢性高血压和GHTN的风险增加有关,尤其是在最高和最低四分位数。这些发现凸显了 DAL 对 HDPs 的潜在影响。
{"title":"Assessing the role of dietary acid load in the development of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: uncovering the association through prospective cohort analysis.","authors":"Fatemeh Safarpour, Mehrnoosh Shafaatdoost, Reza Naeimi, Ashraf Moini, Reihaneh Pirjani, Zahra Basirat, Azar Mardi-Mamaghani, Mahnaz Esmaeili, Mahroo Rezaeinejad, Mahdi Sepidarkish","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01016-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01016-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are common complications encountered in pregnancy that affect between 5% and 15% of pregnancies worldwide. Some studies have associated adherence to a diet with a high acid load with an increased risk of HDPs. This study investigates the association between Dietary Acid Load (DAL) and the incidence of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension (HTN), and gestational hypertension (GHTN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pregnant women aged 18 to 45 in the first trimester of pregnancy were selected and followed up until delivery. Diet was evaluated using a 168-question semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). After calculating the DAL score, the inverse probability weight of the propensity scores, estimated from augmented generalized models, was used to obtain a causal risk ratio (RR) adjusted for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1,856 women, 92 (4.95%) developed preeclampsia. The potential renal acid load (PRAL) score ranged from - 16.14 to 0.58, while the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) score ranged from 34.61 to 50.15. Multivariable analysis revealed a significant association between PRAL and preeclampsia in the first (aRR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.49, p = 0.048) and third (aRR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.81, p = 0.030) quartiles compared to the reference group (Q2). No significant linear association was found in continuous analyses. For chronic HTN, significant associations were observed in the first (aRR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.21, 5.42, p = 0.014) and fourth (aRR: 4.79, 95% CI: 2.37, 9.71, p < 0.001) PRAL quartiles, with similar findings for NEAP. Continuous analysis showed a significant linear association between both PRAL and NEAP scores and chronic HTN. Regarding GHTN, significant associations were found in the first (aRR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.16, p = 0.041) and fourth (aRR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.70, p = 0.001) PRAL quartiles, and in Q4 for NEAP (aRR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.21, p = 0.012), with no significant linear association in continuous analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extremes in DAL, as indicated by PRAL and NEAP, are associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, chronic HTN, and GHTN, particularly in the highest and lowest quartiles. These findings highlight the potential impact of DAL on HDPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ultra-processed foods intake in relation to metabolic health status, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and adropin levels in adults. 超加工食品摄入量与成人代谢健康状况、血清脑源性神经营养因子和阿托品水平的关系。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01024-1
Donya Poursalehi, Shahnaz Amani Tirani, Farnaz Shahdadian, Zahra Hajhashemy, Parisa Rouhani, Parvane Saneei

Background: In recent years, there has been a lot of discussion over the impact of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) intake on overall health of subjects. However, the association between UPFs intake and metabolic unhealthy (MU) status is still in a state of ambiguity. The current study assessed the relationship between UPFs intake and MU status with regard to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and adropin levels.

Methods: A sample of Iranian adults (aged 20-65 years) was selected to participate in this cross-sectional study using a multistage cluster random-sampling method. UPFs intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire and NOVA classification. Concentrations of metabolic parameters, BDNF and adropin were determined through fasting blood samples. MU status was assessed according to the criteria proposed by Wildman.

Results: The overall prevalence of MU phenotype among study participants (n = 527) was 42.5%. Higher intake of UPFs was associated with elevated odds of MU status in multivariable-adjusted model (ORT3 vs. T1=1.88; 95%CI: 1.02-3.45). Moreover, a positive association was observed between UPFs intake and hypertriglyceridemia after controlling all confounders (ORT3 vs. T1=2.07; 95%CI: 1.15-3.73). However, each tertile increase in UPFs intake was not significantly associated with serum BDNF ([Formula: see text]=0.15; 95%CI: -0.05, 0.34; P = 0.14) and adropin ([Formula: see text]=-1.37; 95%CI: -6.16, 3.42; P = 0.58) levels in multivariable-adjusted linear regression models.

Conclusion: Our findings suggested that higher consumption of UPFs was related to increased likelihood of MU status among a sample of Iranian adults. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify the directionality and generalizability of the results to all adult populations.

背景:近年来,有关超加工食品(UPFs)摄入量对受试者整体健康影响的讨论不绝于耳。然而,UPFs 摄入量与新陈代谢不健康(MU)状况之间的关系仍不明确。本研究通过脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)和阿托品水平评估了UPFs摄入量与代谢不健康状态之间的关系:本研究采用多阶段群组随机抽样法,从伊朗成年人(20-65 岁)中抽取样本参与横断面研究。UPFs 摄入量通过有效的食物频率问卷和 NOVA 分类进行评估。通过空腹血样测定代谢参数、BDNF和阿托品的浓度。MU状态根据威尔曼提出的标准进行评估:结果:研究参与者(n = 527)中MU表型的总患病率为42.5%。在多变量调整模型中,摄入更多的 UPFs 与 MU 状态几率升高有关(ORT3 vs. T1=1.88;95%CI:1.02-3.45)。此外,在控制所有混杂因素后,还观察到UPFs摄入量与高甘油三酯血症之间存在正相关(ORT3 vs. T1=2.07;95%CI:1.15-3.73)。然而,在多变量调整线性回归模型中,UPFs摄入量每增加一个三等分位数与血清BDNF([公式:见正文]=0.15;95%CI:-0.05,0.34;P=0.14)和腺苷([公式:见正文]=-1.37;95%CI:-6.16,3.42;P=0.58)水平无明显关联:我们的研究结果表明,在伊朗成年人样本中,较高的 UPFs 消费量与 MU 状态的可能性增加有关。需要进一步开展纵向研究,以验证研究结果的方向性和对所有成年人群的普适性。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Fetal malnutrition among neonates in African countries: a CAN score systematic review and meta-analysis. 更正:非洲国家新生儿胎儿营养不良:CAN 评分系统综述和荟萃分析。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01025-0
Ibsa Mussa, Adera Debella, Melat B Maruta, Tamirat Getachew, Lemma Demissie Regassa, Mulugeta Gamachu, Alemayehu Deressa, Fethia Mohammed, Abdi Birhanu, Hamdi Fekredin Zakaria, Addis Eyeberu
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引用次数: 0
A multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) for Ghanaian adults under transition: the RODAM Study. 加纳转型期成年人的多维可持续饮食指数(SDI):RODAM 研究。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01009-0
Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Mary Nicolaou, Manuela De Allegri, Karlijn A C Meeks, Hibbah Osei-Kwasi, Julia Stockemer, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Isaac Agbemafle, Silver Bahendeka, Daniel Boateng, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Erik Beune, Charles Agyemang, Matthias B Schulze, Ina Danquah

Background: The sustainability of diets consumed by African populations under socio-economic transition remains to be determined. This study developed and characterized a multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) reflecting healthfulness, climate-friendliness, sociocultural benefits, and financial affordability using individual-level data of adults in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in Europe to identify the role of living environment in dietary sustainability.

Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the multi-centre Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants Study (N = 3169; age range: 25-70 years). For the SDI construct (0-16 score points), we used the Diet Quality Index-International, food-related greenhouse gas emission, the ratio of natural to processed foods, and the proportion of food expenditure from income. In linear regression analyses, we estimated the adjusted ß-coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the differences in mean SDI across study sites (using rural Ghana as a reference), accounting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.

Results: The overall mean SDI was 8.0 (95% CI: 7.9, 8.1). Participants in the highest SDI-quintile compared to lower quintiles were older, more often women, non-smokers, and alcohol abstainers. The highest mean SDI was seen in London (9.1; 95% CI: 8.9, 9.3), followed by rural Ghana (8.2; 95% CI: 8.0, 8.3), Amsterdam (7.9; 95% CI: 7.7, 8.1), Berlin (7.8; 95% CI: 7.6, 8.0), and urban Ghana (7.7; 95% CI: 7.5, 7.8). Compared to rural Ghana, the differences between study sites were attenuated after accounting for age, gender and energy intake. No further changes were observed after adjustment for lifestyle factors.

Conclusion: The multi-dimensional SDI describes four dimensions of dietary sustainability in this Ghanaian population. Our findings suggest that living in Europe improved dietary sustainability, but the opposite seems true for urbanization in Ghana.

背景:社会经济转型期非洲人口饮食的可持续性仍有待确定。本研究利用加纳农村和城市成年人以及在欧洲的加纳移民的个人层面数据,开发了多维度的可持续饮食指数(SDI),该指数反映了饮食的健康性、气候友好性、社会文化利益和经济承受能力,以确定生活环境在饮食可持续性中的作用:我们使用了多中心非洲移民肥胖和糖尿病研究(N = 3169;年龄范围:25-70 岁)的横截面数据。在 SDI 结构(0-16 分)中,我们使用了国际膳食质量指数、与食品相关的温室气体排放量、天然食品与加工食品的比例以及食品支出占收入的比例。在线性回归分析中,我们估算了不同研究地点(以加纳农村地区为参照)平均膳食质量指数差异的调整ß系数和95%置信区间(CIs),并考虑了社会人口和生活方式因素:总体平均 SDI 为 8.0(95% CI:7.9,8.1)。与较低的五分位数相比,SDI 最高的五分位数的参与者年龄较大,多为女性,不吸烟,并且戒酒。伦敦的 SDI 平均值最高(9.1;95% CI:8.9,9.3),其次是加纳农村(8.2;95% CI:8.0,8.3)、阿姆斯特丹(7.9;95% CI:7.7,8.1)、柏林(7.8;95% CI:7.6,8.0)和加纳城市(7.7;95% CI:7.5,7.8)。与加纳农村地区相比,在考虑年龄、性别和能量摄入后,研究地点之间的差异有所减小。在对生活方式因素进行调整后,没有观察到进一步的变化:多维 SDI 描述了加纳人口膳食可持续性的四个方面。我们的研究结果表明,生活在欧洲可以提高膳食的可持续性,但加纳的城市化似乎恰恰相反。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of mixed nuts as part of a Brazilian Cardioprotective diet on LDL-cholesterol in adult patients after myocardial infarction: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial. 作为巴西心脏保护饮食一部分的混合坚果对心肌梗塞后成年患者低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响:一项多中心随机对照临床试验。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01020-5
Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Camila Weschenfelder, Rachel Helena Vieira Machado, Renato Hideo Nakagawa Santos, Terrence M Riley, Lucas Ribeiro da Silva, Debora Harumi Kodama Miyada, Erica Regina Ribeiro Sady, Erlon Oliveira de Abreu-Silva, Ligia Nasi Laranjeira, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Júlia Lorenzon Dos Santos, Gabriela Corrêa Souza, Suena Medeiros Parahiba, Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh, Danielle Soares Bezerra, Ana Paula Perillo Ferreira Carvalho, Malaine Morais Alves Machado, Sandra Mary Lima Vasconcelos, Mayranne Victórya Rocha Santos, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto, Luciana Pereira Pinto Dias, Francisca Eugenia Zaina Nagano, Cássia Cristina Paes de Almeida, Annie Seixas Bello Moreira, Rodrigo Damasceno de Oliveira, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Geni Rodrigues Sampaio, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva Torres, Bernardete Weber, Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti, Aline Marcadenti

Background: Nuts consumption is related to cardioprotective effects on primary cardiovascular prevention, but studies conducted in secondary prevention are small, scarce and controversial. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of a regional and sustainable cardioprotective diet added or not with an affordable mixed nuts on cardiometabolic features in patients with previous myocardial infarction.

Methods: DICA-NUTS study is a national, multi-center, and superiority-parallel randomized clinical trial. Males and females over 40 years old diagnosed with previous myocardial infarction in the last 2 to 6 months were included. Patients were allocated into two groups: the Brazilian Cardioprotective diet (DICA Br) supplemented with 30 g/day of mixed nuts (10 g of peanuts; 10 g of cashew; 10 g of Brazil nuts) (intervention group, n = 193); or only DICA Br prescription (control group, n = 195). The primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein cholesterol means (in mg/dL) after 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes were other lipid biomarkers, glycemic and anthropometric data and diet quality.

Results: After adjustment for baseline values, participating study site, time since myocardial infarction and statin treatment regimen (high potency, moderate and low potency/no statins), no significant difference was found between the groups in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (intervention-control difference: 3.48 mg/dL [-3.45 to 10.41], P = 0.32). Both groups improved their overall diet quality at the end of the study without differences between them after 16 weeks (intervention-control difference: 1.05 (-0.9 to 2.99); P = 0.29). Other lipids, glycemic profile and anthropometrics were also not different between study groups at the end of the study.

Conclusion: Adding 30 g/day of mixed nuts to the DICA Br for 16 weeks did not change lipid, glycemic and anthropometric features in the post-myocardial infarction setting.

Trial registration: This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov website under number NCT03728127 and its World Health Organization Universal Trial Number (WHO-UTN) is U1111-1259-8105.

背景:坚果的食用与心血管一级预防中的心血管保护作用有关,但针对二级预防的研究却很少且存在争议。本试验的目的是评估区域性和可持续的心血管保护饮食中是否添加了经济实惠的混合坚果对既往心肌梗死患者心血管代谢特征的影响:DICA-NUTS 研究是一项全国性、多中心、优势平行的随机临床试验。研究对象包括 40 岁以上、在过去 2 至 6 个月内被诊断为曾患心肌梗死的男性和女性。患者被分为两组:巴西心脏保护饮食(DICA Br),每天补充 30 克混合坚果(10 克花生;10 克腰果;10 克巴西坚果)(干预组,n = 193);或仅 DICA Br 处方(对照组,n = 195)。主要结果是 16 周后低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的平均值(毫克/分升)。次要结果为其他血脂生物标志物、血糖和人体测量数据以及饮食质量:在对基线值、参与研究的地点、心肌梗死后的时间和他汀类药物治疗方案(高效、中效和低效/无他汀类药物)进行调整后,发现两组间的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度无显著差异(干预组与对照组的差异:3.48 mg/dL [-3.45 至 10.41],P = 0.32)。研究结束时,两组的总体饮食质量都有所改善,16 周后无差异(干预组与对照组差异:1.05(-0.9 至 10.41)毫克/分升):1.05(-0.9 至 2.99);P = 0.29)。其他血脂、血糖和人体测量指标在研究结束时在研究组之间也没有差异:结论:在 DICA Br 中添加 30 克/天的混合坚果,并持续 16 周,不会改变心肌梗死后的血脂、血糖和人体测量特征:本研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov网站注册,编号为NCT03728127,世界卫生组织通用试验编号(WHO-UTN)为U1111-1259-8105。
{"title":"Effects of mixed nuts as part of a Brazilian Cardioprotective diet on LDL-cholesterol in adult patients after myocardial infarction: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Camila Weschenfelder, Rachel Helena Vieira Machado, Renato Hideo Nakagawa Santos, Terrence M Riley, Lucas Ribeiro da Silva, Debora Harumi Kodama Miyada, Erica Regina Ribeiro Sady, Erlon Oliveira de Abreu-Silva, Ligia Nasi Laranjeira, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Júlia Lorenzon Dos Santos, Gabriela Corrêa Souza, Suena Medeiros Parahiba, Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh, Danielle Soares Bezerra, Ana Paula Perillo Ferreira Carvalho, Malaine Morais Alves Machado, Sandra Mary Lima Vasconcelos, Mayranne Victórya Rocha Santos, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto, Luciana Pereira Pinto Dias, Francisca Eugenia Zaina Nagano, Cássia Cristina Paes de Almeida, Annie Seixas Bello Moreira, Rodrigo Damasceno de Oliveira, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Geni Rodrigues Sampaio, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva Torres, Bernardete Weber, Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti, Aline Marcadenti","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01020-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01020-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nuts consumption is related to cardioprotective effects on primary cardiovascular prevention, but studies conducted in secondary prevention are small, scarce and controversial. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of a regional and sustainable cardioprotective diet added or not with an affordable mixed nuts on cardiometabolic features in patients with previous myocardial infarction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DICA-NUTS study is a national, multi-center, and superiority-parallel randomized clinical trial. Males and females over 40 years old diagnosed with previous myocardial infarction in the last 2 to 6 months were included. Patients were allocated into two groups: the Brazilian Cardioprotective diet (DICA Br) supplemented with 30 g/day of mixed nuts (10 g of peanuts; 10 g of cashew; 10 g of Brazil nuts) (intervention group, n = 193); or only DICA Br prescription (control group, n = 195). The primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein cholesterol means (in mg/dL) after 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes were other lipid biomarkers, glycemic and anthropometric data and diet quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for baseline values, participating study site, time since myocardial infarction and statin treatment regimen (high potency, moderate and low potency/no statins), no significant difference was found between the groups in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (intervention-control difference: 3.48 mg/dL [-3.45 to 10.41], P = 0.32). Both groups improved their overall diet quality at the end of the study without differences between them after 16 weeks (intervention-control difference: 1.05 (-0.9 to 2.99); P = 0.29). Other lipids, glycemic profile and anthropometrics were also not different between study groups at the end of the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adding 30 g/day of mixed nuts to the DICA Br for 16 weeks did not change lipid, glycemic and anthropometric features in the post-myocardial infarction setting.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov website under number NCT03728127 and its World Health Organization Universal Trial Number (WHO-UTN) is U1111-1259-8105.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The EAT-Lancet diet associated cardiovascular health parameters: evidence from a Brazilian study. 与心血管健康参数相关的 EAT-Lancet 饮食:来自巴西研究的证据。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01021-4
Rosa Sá de Oliveira Neta, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Maria Fernanda Araújo de Medeiros, David Bruno Melo Araújo, Nicole Bernardi, Armando Augusto Noberto Galdino de Araújo, Michelle Cristine Medeiros Jacob, Adélia da Costa Pereira de Arruda Neta, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni, Clélia de Oliveira Lyra, Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa Oliveira

Background: The EAT-Lancet diet is a diet aimed at promoting population and planetary health from the perspective of sustainable diets in terms of environmental and health aspects. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and cardiometabolic risk factors among adults and elderly individuals in a capital city in the northeastern region of Brazil.

Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional observational study from a population-based sample conducted between 2019 and 2020, involving 398 non-institutionalized adults and elderly people, of both sexes from "Brazilian Usual Consumption Assessment" study (Brazuca-Natal). There was a 38% response rate due to the suspension of data collection due to the covid-19 pandemic, but According to the comparative analysis of socioeconomic and demographic variables between the surveyed and non-surveyed sectors, losses were found to be random (p = 0.135, Little's MCAR test). Socioeconomic and lifestyle data, anthropometric measurements, and dietary consumption were collected. We used the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) and the Cardiovascular Health Diet Index (CHDI) for cardiovascular health to assess adherence to the diet's sustainability. The evaluated cardiometabolic parameters included fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements. We also assessed the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia. For the data analyses, sample weights and the effect of the study design were taken into account. Pearson's chi-square test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of frequencies. Multiple linear regression models assessed the associations between PHDI and CHDI and its components and the cardiometabolic parameters.

Results: The mean PHDI was 29.4 (95% CI 28.04:30.81), on a total score ranging from 0 to 150 points and the mean CHDI was 32.63 (95% CI 31.50:33.78), on a total score ranging from 0 to 110 points. PHDI showed a significant positive association with the final CHDI score and components of fruits, vegetables, and legumes, and a negative association with Ultra-processed Food (UPF) (p < 0.05). Notably, among the most consumed UPF, the following stand out: "packaged snacks, shoestring potatoes, and crackers" (16.94%), followed by margarine (14.14%). The PHDI exhibited a significant association with diabetes and dyslipidemia, as well as with systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL-C.

Conclusions: The results suggest that adopting the EAT-Lancet diet is associated with the improvement of key cardiovascular health indicators.

背景:EAT-Lancet 饮食是从环境和健康方面考虑的可持续饮食,旨在促进人口和地球健康。本研究旨在评估巴西东北部地区一个省会城市的成年人和老年人坚持 EAT-Lancet 饮食与心脏代谢风险因素之间的关系:这是一项分析性横断面观察研究,在2019年至2020年期间进行了人口抽样调查,涉及 "巴西通常消费评估 "研究(Brazuca-Natal)中的398名非住院成年人和老年人,男女均有。由于covid-19大流行病,数据收集工作暂停,因此回复率为38%,但根据对接受调查和未接受调查人群的社会经济和人口变量的比较分析,发现损失是随机的(P = 0.135,Little's MCAR检验)。我们收集了社会经济和生活方式数据、人体测量数据以及膳食消费数据。我们使用行星健康膳食指数(PHDI)和心血管健康膳食指数(CHDI)来评估膳食的可持续性。评估的心血管代谢参数包括空腹血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇以及收缩压和舒张压测量值。我们还评估了是否患有 2 型糖尿病、动脉高血压和血脂异常。在进行数据分析时,我们考虑了样本权重和研究设计的影响。皮尔逊卡方检验用于评估频率的统计学意义。多元线性回归模型评估了 PHDI 和 CHDI 及其组成部分与心脏代谢参数之间的关系:PHDI的平均值为29.4(95% CI 28.04:30.81),总分从0分到150分不等;CHDI的平均值为32.63(95% CI 31.50:33.78),总分从0分到110分不等。PHDI 与 CHDI 最终得分及水果、蔬菜和豆类成分呈显著正相关,而与超加工食品(UPF)呈负相关(P 结论:PHDI 与 CHDI 最终得分及水果、蔬菜和豆类成分呈显著正相关,而与超加工食品(UPF)呈负相关:结果表明,采用 EAT-Lancet 饮食与主要心血管健康指标的改善有关。
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引用次数: 0
Curcumin extract improves beta cell functions in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. 姜黄素提取物可改善肥胖 2 型糖尿病患者的β细胞功能:随机对照试验。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01022-3
Metha Yaikwawong, Laddawan Jansarikit, Siwanon Jirawatnotai, Somlak Chuengsamarn

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin production, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from Curcuma longa, has shown potential in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing blood glucose levels, which may help mitigate type 2 diabetes progression.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of improving type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Study design: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included subjects (n = 272) with criteria for type 2 diabetes.

Methods: All subjects were randomly assigned to receive curcumin (1500 mg/day) or placebo with blind labels for 12 months. To assess the improvement of T2DM after curcumin treatments body weight and body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, β-cell function (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA-β]), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, adiponectin, and leptin were monitored at the baseline and at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month visits during the course of intervention.

Results: After 12 months of treatment, the curcumin-treated group showed a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (115.49 vs.130.71; P < 0.05), HbA1c (6.12 vs. 6.47; P < 0.05). In addition, the curcumin-treated group showed a better overall function of β-cells, with higher HOMA-β (136.20 vs. 105.19; P < 0.01) The curcumin-treated group showed a lower level of HOMA-IR (4.86 vs. 6.04; P < 0.001) and higher adiponectin (14.51 vs. 10.36; P < 0.001) when compared to the placebo group. The curcumin-treated group also showed a lower level of leptin (9.42 vs. 20.66; P < 0.001). Additionally, body mass index was lowered (25.9 4 vs.29.34), with a P value of 0.001.

Conclusions: A 12-month curcumin intervention in type 2 diabetes patients shows a significant glucose-lowering effect. Curcumin treatment appeared to improve the overall function of β-cells and reduce both insulin resistance and body weight, with very minor adverse effects. Curcumin intervention in obese patients with type 2 diabetes may be beneficial.

Trial registration: Thai clinical trials regentrify no.20140303003.

背景:2 型糖尿病(T2DM)是一种慢性疾病,其特点是胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌受损,从而导致血糖水平升高。姜黄素是一种从姜黄中提取的多酚化合物,已显示出改善胰岛素敏感性和降低血糖水平的潜力,这可能有助于缓解 2 型糖尿病的进展:评估改善 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)的疗效:这项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验纳入了符合 2 型糖尿病标准的受试者(n = 272):所有受试者均被随机分配接受姜黄素(1500 毫克/天)或安慰剂治疗,盲标治疗 12 个月。为了评估姜黄素治疗后 T2DM 的改善情况,在基线和干预过程中的 3、6、9 和 12 个月访视时监测体重和体重指数、空腹血浆葡萄糖、糖化血红蛋白 A1c、β 细胞功能(稳态模型评估 [HOMA-β])、胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)、胰岛素、脂联素和瘦素:治疗 12 个月后,姜黄素治疗组的空腹血糖显著下降(115.49 vs. 130.71;P 1c(6.12 vs. 6.47;P 结论:姜黄素干预治疗 12 个月后,空腹血糖显著下降(115.49 vs. 130.71;P 1c(6.12 vs. 6.47;P 1c):对 2 型糖尿病患者进行为期 12 个月的姜黄素干预具有明显的降糖效果。姜黄素治疗似乎改善了β细胞的整体功能,降低了胰岛素抵抗和体重,不良反应非常轻微。姜黄素对肥胖的2型糖尿病患者的干预可能是有益的:泰国临床试验登记号:20140303003。
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