Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01026-z
Rong Wang, Haoyun Luo, Yijing Ye, Ling Xiang, Qijiu Chen
Purpose: Low-fat dietary (LFD) pattern refers to a dietary structure with reduced fat intake. The aim was to investigate the association between LFD pattern and risk of head and neck cancer (HNC).
Methods: Data were derived from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. LFD score was used to assess adherence to an LFD pattern, with higher scores indicating greater adherence. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between LFD score and risk of HNC and its subtypes. To visualize the trend in risk of HNC and its subtypes with changing LFD score, restricted cubic spline plots were utilized. A series of subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential confounders. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results.
Results: Among 98,459 participants of PLCO trial, 268 cases with HNC were identified during an average of 8.8 years of follow-up. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of LFD score had a lower risk of HNC (HR Q4 vs. Q1: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.40-0.90; P for trend = 0.026) and larynx cancer (HRQ4 vs. Q1: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.22-0.96; P for trend = 0.039). The restricted cubic spline plots demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship between the LFD score and the risk of HNC and its subtypes (all P for nonlinearity > 0.05). The primary association remained robust in the sensitivity analysis.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that adherence to an LFD pattern may lower the risk of HNC in the US population.
目的:低脂膳食(LFD)模式是指减少脂肪摄入的膳食结构。目的是研究低脂饮食模式与头颈癌(HNC)风险之间的关系:数据来自前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌筛查试验(PLCO)。LFD评分用于评估LFD模式的依从性,分数越高表示依从性越高。采用 Cox 回归评估 LFD 评分与 HNC 及其亚型风险之间的关系。为直观显示HNC及其亚型的风险随LFD评分变化的趋势,采用了限制性立方样条图。进行了一系列亚组分析,以确定潜在的混杂因素。为评估结果的稳健性,还进行了敏感性分析:在PLCO试验的98459名参与者中,平均8.8年的随访中发现了268例HNC病例。在完全调整模型中,与LFD得分最低的四分位数相比,LFD得分最高的参与者罹患HNC(HR Q4 vs. Q1:0.60;95% CI:0.40-0.90;P=0.026)和喉癌(HRQ4 vs. Q1:0.46;95% CI:0.22-0.96;P=0.039)的风险较低。限制性三次样条图显示,LFD评分与HNC及其亚型的风险之间存在线性剂量-反应关系(所有非线性P均大于0.05)。在敏感性分析中,主要的关联性仍然很强:我们的研究结果表明,坚持 LFD 模式可降低美国人群罹患 HNC 的风险。
{"title":"Adherence to a low-fat dietary pattern reduces head and neck cancer risk: evidence from the PLCO trial.","authors":"Rong Wang, Haoyun Luo, Yijing Ye, Ling Xiang, Qijiu Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01026-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01026-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Low-fat dietary (LFD) pattern refers to a dietary structure with reduced fat intake. The aim was to investigate the association between LFD pattern and risk of head and neck cancer (HNC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were derived from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. LFD score was used to assess adherence to an LFD pattern, with higher scores indicating greater adherence. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between LFD score and risk of HNC and its subtypes. To visualize the trend in risk of HNC and its subtypes with changing LFD score, restricted cubic spline plots were utilized. A series of subgroup analyses were conducted to identify potential confounders. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 98,459 participants of PLCO trial, 268 cases with HNC were identified during an average of 8.8 years of follow-up. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of LFD score had a lower risk of HNC (HR <sub>Q4 vs. Q1</sub>: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.40-0.90; P for trend = 0.026) and larynx cancer (HR<sub>Q4 vs. Q1</sub>: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.22-0.96; P for trend = 0.039). The restricted cubic spline plots demonstrated a linear dose-response relationship between the LFD score and the risk of HNC and its subtypes (all P for nonlinearity > 0.05). The primary association remained robust in the sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that adherence to an LFD pattern may lower the risk of HNC in the US population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01032-1
Chun Sing Lam, Rong Hua, Herbert Ho-Fung Loong, Vincent Chi-Ho Chung, Yin Ting Cheung
Background: The effect of supplements on mortality risk in patients with cancer remains uncertain and has scarcely been investigated in subgroups of patients with varying characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the association between two popular supplements, fish oil and glucosamine, and mortality risk in a large population-based cohort and determine whether cardiovascular health and clinical prognosis influence these associations.
Methods: This prospective cohort study analyzed the data of UK Biobank participants who were diagnosed with cancer. The associations of fish oil and glucosamine consumption with mortality were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess the effects of Life Essential 8 [LE8] scores (a measure of cardiovascular health) and cancer prognosis (grouped according to the survival rates of specific cancer types) on the associations between supplement use and mortality.
Results: This analysis included 14,920 participants (mean age = 59.9 years; 60.2% female). One third (34.1%) of the participants reported using fish oil, and one fifth (20.5%) reported using glucosamine. Over a median follow-up of 12.0 years, 2,708 all-cause deaths were registered. The use of fish oil was associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.89, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.81-0.97) and cancer mortality (aHR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.98). Similarly, glucosamine use was associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.92) and cancer mortality (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.93) in the fully adjusted model. Subgroup analyses revealed that the protective effects of fish oil and glucosamine against mortality risk were only observed in patients with LE8 scores lower than the mean score or a poor cancer prognosis. Additionally, the association between glucosamine use and a reduced risk of CVD-related mortality was only observed in patients with lower LE8 scores.
Conclusions: This large cohort study identified the potential differential impact of LE8 scores and cancer prognosis on the associations of fish oil and glucosamine supplementation with survival in patients with cancer. This suggests the importance of considering these factors in future research on supplements and in the provision of personalized integrative cancer care.
{"title":"Association between fish oil and glucosamine use and mortality in patients diagnosed with cancer: the role of the Life Essential 8 score and cancer prognosis.","authors":"Chun Sing Lam, Rong Hua, Herbert Ho-Fung Loong, Vincent Chi-Ho Chung, Yin Ting Cheung","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01032-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01032-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effect of supplements on mortality risk in patients with cancer remains uncertain and has scarcely been investigated in subgroups of patients with varying characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the association between two popular supplements, fish oil and glucosamine, and mortality risk in a large population-based cohort and determine whether cardiovascular health and clinical prognosis influence these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study analyzed the data of UK Biobank participants who were diagnosed with cancer. The associations of fish oil and glucosamine consumption with mortality were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess the effects of Life Essential 8 [LE8] scores (a measure of cardiovascular health) and cancer prognosis (grouped according to the survival rates of specific cancer types) on the associations between supplement use and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This analysis included 14,920 participants (mean age = 59.9 years; 60.2% female). One third (34.1%) of the participants reported using fish oil, and one fifth (20.5%) reported using glucosamine. Over a median follow-up of 12.0 years, 2,708 all-cause deaths were registered. The use of fish oil was associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.89, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.81-0.97) and cancer mortality (aHR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.81-0.98). Similarly, glucosamine use was associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.92) and cancer mortality (aHR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.93) in the fully adjusted model. Subgroup analyses revealed that the protective effects of fish oil and glucosamine against mortality risk were only observed in patients with LE8 scores lower than the mean score or a poor cancer prognosis. Additionally, the association between glucosamine use and a reduced risk of CVD-related mortality was only observed in patients with lower LE8 scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This large cohort study identified the potential differential impact of LE8 scores and cancer prognosis on the associations of fish oil and glucosamine supplementation with survival in patients with cancer. This suggests the importance of considering these factors in future research on supplements and in the provision of personalized integrative cancer care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant challenge to global public health. Dietary intervention therapy offers high cost-effectiveness for treating CVD. Currently, there is limited research on the dietary niacin intake and survival of CVD patients. This study aims to examine the association of dietary niacin intake with long-term survival in people with CVD.
Methods: A nationally representative sample of 4,377 diabetes subjects was drawn from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data collected between 2003 and 2018. Dietary niacin intake in this study represents either the average of the two recalls or the value from one recall (if only one recall was available for a participant). Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs to examine the associations between dietary niacin intake and the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality.
Results: After adjustment for multiple covariates, HRs and 95% CIs in model 3 indicated that participants in the highest quartile (Quartile 4) of dietary niacin intake were at lower risk for all-cause mortality (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.90, P for trend = 0.010) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.67, 95% CI:0.51-0.89, P for trend = 0.020).
Conclusion: Higher dietary niacin intake may be associated with a reduced risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among CVD patients. Additionally, significant interactions were found between dietary niacin intake and BMI as well as vitamin B12 subgroups.
{"title":"Niacin intake and mortality (total and cardiovascular disease) in patients with cardiovascular disease: Insights from NHANES 2003-2018.","authors":"Ruiming Yang, Menghan Zhu, Shuzhen Fan, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01027-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01027-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant challenge to global public health. Dietary intervention therapy offers high cost-effectiveness for treating CVD. Currently, there is limited research on the dietary niacin intake and survival of CVD patients. This study aims to examine the association of dietary niacin intake with long-term survival in people with CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nationally representative sample of 4,377 diabetes subjects was drawn from the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) data collected between 2003 and 2018. Dietary niacin intake in this study represents either the average of the two recalls or the value from one recall (if only one recall was available for a participant). Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs to examine the associations between dietary niacin intake and the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for multiple covariates, HRs and 95% CIs in model 3 indicated that participants in the highest quartile (Quartile 4) of dietary niacin intake were at lower risk for all-cause mortality (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60-0.90, P for trend = 0.010) and CVD mortality (HR = 0.67, 95% CI:0.51-0.89, P for trend = 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher dietary niacin intake may be associated with a reduced risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among CVD patients. Additionally, significant interactions were found between dietary niacin intake and BMI as well as vitamin B12 subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are common complications encountered in pregnancy that affect between 5% and 15% of pregnancies worldwide. Some studies have associated adherence to a diet with a high acid load with an increased risk of HDPs. This study investigates the association between Dietary Acid Load (DAL) and the incidence of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension (HTN), and gestational hypertension (GHTN).
Methods: Pregnant women aged 18 to 45 in the first trimester of pregnancy were selected and followed up until delivery. Diet was evaluated using a 168-question semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). After calculating the DAL score, the inverse probability weight of the propensity scores, estimated from augmented generalized models, was used to obtain a causal risk ratio (RR) adjusted for potential confounders.
Results: Out of 1,856 women, 92 (4.95%) developed preeclampsia. The potential renal acid load (PRAL) score ranged from - 16.14 to 0.58, while the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) score ranged from 34.61 to 50.15. Multivariable analysis revealed a significant association between PRAL and preeclampsia in the first (aRR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.49, p = 0.048) and third (aRR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.81, p = 0.030) quartiles compared to the reference group (Q2). No significant linear association was found in continuous analyses. For chronic HTN, significant associations were observed in the first (aRR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.21, 5.42, p = 0.014) and fourth (aRR: 4.79, 95% CI: 2.37, 9.71, p < 0.001) PRAL quartiles, with similar findings for NEAP. Continuous analysis showed a significant linear association between both PRAL and NEAP scores and chronic HTN. Regarding GHTN, significant associations were found in the first (aRR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.16, p = 0.041) and fourth (aRR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.70, p = 0.001) PRAL quartiles, and in Q4 for NEAP (aRR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.21, p = 0.012), with no significant linear association in continuous analysis.
Conclusion: Extremes in DAL, as indicated by PRAL and NEAP, are associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, chronic HTN, and GHTN, particularly in the highest and lowest quartiles. These findings highlight the potential impact of DAL on HDPs.
{"title":"Assessing the role of dietary acid load in the development of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: uncovering the association through prospective cohort analysis.","authors":"Fatemeh Safarpour, Mehrnoosh Shafaatdoost, Reza Naeimi, Ashraf Moini, Reihaneh Pirjani, Zahra Basirat, Azar Mardi-Mamaghani, Mahnaz Esmaeili, Mahroo Rezaeinejad, Mahdi Sepidarkish","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01016-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-024-01016-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are common complications encountered in pregnancy that affect between 5% and 15% of pregnancies worldwide. Some studies have associated adherence to a diet with a high acid load with an increased risk of HDPs. This study investigates the association between Dietary Acid Load (DAL) and the incidence of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension (HTN), and gestational hypertension (GHTN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pregnant women aged 18 to 45 in the first trimester of pregnancy were selected and followed up until delivery. Diet was evaluated using a 168-question semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). After calculating the DAL score, the inverse probability weight of the propensity scores, estimated from augmented generalized models, was used to obtain a causal risk ratio (RR) adjusted for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 1,856 women, 92 (4.95%) developed preeclampsia. The potential renal acid load (PRAL) score ranged from - 16.14 to 0.58, while the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) score ranged from 34.61 to 50.15. Multivariable analysis revealed a significant association between PRAL and preeclampsia in the first (aRR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.49, p = 0.048) and third (aRR: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.81, p = 0.030) quartiles compared to the reference group (Q2). No significant linear association was found in continuous analyses. For chronic HTN, significant associations were observed in the first (aRR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.21, 5.42, p = 0.014) and fourth (aRR: 4.79, 95% CI: 2.37, 9.71, p < 0.001) PRAL quartiles, with similar findings for NEAP. Continuous analysis showed a significant linear association between both PRAL and NEAP scores and chronic HTN. Regarding GHTN, significant associations were found in the first (aRR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.16, p = 0.041) and fourth (aRR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.70, p = 0.001) PRAL quartiles, and in Q4 for NEAP (aRR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.21, p = 0.012), with no significant linear association in continuous analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extremes in DAL, as indicated by PRAL and NEAP, are associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, chronic HTN, and GHTN, particularly in the highest and lowest quartiles. These findings highlight the potential impact of DAL on HDPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In recent years, there has been a lot of discussion over the impact of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) intake on overall health of subjects. However, the association between UPFs intake and metabolic unhealthy (MU) status is still in a state of ambiguity. The current study assessed the relationship between UPFs intake and MU status with regard to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and adropin levels.
Methods: A sample of Iranian adults (aged 20-65 years) was selected to participate in this cross-sectional study using a multistage cluster random-sampling method. UPFs intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire and NOVA classification. Concentrations of metabolic parameters, BDNF and adropin were determined through fasting blood samples. MU status was assessed according to the criteria proposed by Wildman.
Results: The overall prevalence of MU phenotype among study participants (n = 527) was 42.5%. Higher intake of UPFs was associated with elevated odds of MU status in multivariable-adjusted model (ORT3 vs. T1=1.88; 95%CI: 1.02-3.45). Moreover, a positive association was observed between UPFs intake and hypertriglyceridemia after controlling all confounders (ORT3 vs. T1=2.07; 95%CI: 1.15-3.73). However, each tertile increase in UPFs intake was not significantly associated with serum BDNF ([Formula: see text]=0.15; 95%CI: -0.05, 0.34; P = 0.14) and adropin ([Formula: see text]=-1.37; 95%CI: -6.16, 3.42; P = 0.58) levels in multivariable-adjusted linear regression models.
Conclusion: Our findings suggested that higher consumption of UPFs was related to increased likelihood of MU status among a sample of Iranian adults. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify the directionality and generalizability of the results to all adult populations.
背景:近年来,有关超加工食品(UPFs)摄入量对受试者整体健康影响的讨论不绝于耳。然而,UPFs 摄入量与新陈代谢不健康(MU)状况之间的关系仍不明确。本研究通过脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)和阿托品水平评估了UPFs摄入量与代谢不健康状态之间的关系:本研究采用多阶段群组随机抽样法,从伊朗成年人(20-65 岁)中抽取样本参与横断面研究。UPFs 摄入量通过有效的食物频率问卷和 NOVA 分类进行评估。通过空腹血样测定代谢参数、BDNF和阿托品的浓度。MU状态根据威尔曼提出的标准进行评估:结果:研究参与者(n = 527)中MU表型的总患病率为42.5%。在多变量调整模型中,摄入更多的 UPFs 与 MU 状态几率升高有关(ORT3 vs. T1=1.88;95%CI:1.02-3.45)。此外,在控制所有混杂因素后,还观察到UPFs摄入量与高甘油三酯血症之间存在正相关(ORT3 vs. T1=2.07;95%CI:1.15-3.73)。然而,在多变量调整线性回归模型中,UPFs摄入量每增加一个三等分位数与血清BDNF([公式:见正文]=0.15;95%CI:-0.05,0.34;P=0.14)和腺苷([公式:见正文]=-1.37;95%CI:-6.16,3.42;P=0.58)水平无明显关联:我们的研究结果表明,在伊朗成年人样本中,较高的 UPFs 消费量与 MU 状态的可能性增加有关。需要进一步开展纵向研究,以验证研究结果的方向性和对所有成年人群的普适性。
{"title":"Ultra-processed foods intake in relation to metabolic health status, serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and adropin levels in adults.","authors":"Donya Poursalehi, Shahnaz Amani Tirani, Farnaz Shahdadian, Zahra Hajhashemy, Parisa Rouhani, Parvane Saneei","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01024-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01024-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, there has been a lot of discussion over the impact of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) intake on overall health of subjects. However, the association between UPFs intake and metabolic unhealthy (MU) status is still in a state of ambiguity. The current study assessed the relationship between UPFs intake and MU status with regard to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and adropin levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of Iranian adults (aged 20-65 years) was selected to participate in this cross-sectional study using a multistage cluster random-sampling method. UPFs intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire and NOVA classification. Concentrations of metabolic parameters, BDNF and adropin were determined through fasting blood samples. MU status was assessed according to the criteria proposed by Wildman.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of MU phenotype among study participants (n = 527) was 42.5%. Higher intake of UPFs was associated with elevated odds of MU status in multivariable-adjusted model (OR<sub>T3 vs. T1</sub>=1.88; 95%CI: 1.02-3.45). Moreover, a positive association was observed between UPFs intake and hypertriglyceridemia after controlling all confounders (OR<sub>T3 vs. T1</sub>=2.07; 95%CI: 1.15-3.73). However, each tertile increase in UPFs intake was not significantly associated with serum BDNF ([Formula: see text]=0.15; 95%CI: -0.05, 0.34; P = 0.14) and adropin ([Formula: see text]=-1.37; 95%CI: -6.16, 3.42; P = 0.58) levels in multivariable-adjusted linear regression models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggested that higher consumption of UPFs was related to increased likelihood of MU status among a sample of Iranian adults. Further longitudinal studies are needed to verify the directionality and generalizability of the results to all adult populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01009-0
Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Mary Nicolaou, Manuela De Allegri, Karlijn A C Meeks, Hibbah Osei-Kwasi, Julia Stockemer, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Isaac Agbemafle, Silver Bahendeka, Daniel Boateng, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Erik Beune, Charles Agyemang, Matthias B Schulze, Ina Danquah
Background: The sustainability of diets consumed by African populations under socio-economic transition remains to be determined. This study developed and characterized a multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) reflecting healthfulness, climate-friendliness, sociocultural benefits, and financial affordability using individual-level data of adults in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in Europe to identify the role of living environment in dietary sustainability.
Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the multi-centre Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants Study (N = 3169; age range: 25-70 years). For the SDI construct (0-16 score points), we used the Diet Quality Index-International, food-related greenhouse gas emission, the ratio of natural to processed foods, and the proportion of food expenditure from income. In linear regression analyses, we estimated the adjusted ß-coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the differences in mean SDI across study sites (using rural Ghana as a reference), accounting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.
Results: The overall mean SDI was 8.0 (95% CI: 7.9, 8.1). Participants in the highest SDI-quintile compared to lower quintiles were older, more often women, non-smokers, and alcohol abstainers. The highest mean SDI was seen in London (9.1; 95% CI: 8.9, 9.3), followed by rural Ghana (8.2; 95% CI: 8.0, 8.3), Amsterdam (7.9; 95% CI: 7.7, 8.1), Berlin (7.8; 95% CI: 7.6, 8.0), and urban Ghana (7.7; 95% CI: 7.5, 7.8). Compared to rural Ghana, the differences between study sites were attenuated after accounting for age, gender and energy intake. No further changes were observed after adjustment for lifestyle factors.
Conclusion: The multi-dimensional SDI describes four dimensions of dietary sustainability in this Ghanaian population. Our findings suggest that living in Europe improved dietary sustainability, but the opposite seems true for urbanization in Ghana.
{"title":"A multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) for Ghanaian adults under transition: the RODAM Study.","authors":"Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Mary Nicolaou, Manuela De Allegri, Karlijn A C Meeks, Hibbah Osei-Kwasi, Julia Stockemer, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Isaac Agbemafle, Silver Bahendeka, Daniel Boateng, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Erik Beune, Charles Agyemang, Matthias B Schulze, Ina Danquah","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01009-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01009-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The sustainability of diets consumed by African populations under socio-economic transition remains to be determined. This study developed and characterized a multi-dimensional Sustainable Diet Index (SDI) reflecting healthfulness, climate-friendliness, sociocultural benefits, and financial affordability using individual-level data of adults in rural and urban Ghana and Ghanaian migrants in Europe to identify the role of living environment in dietary sustainability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used cross-sectional data from the multi-centre Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants Study (N = 3169; age range: 25-70 years). For the SDI construct (0-16 score points), we used the Diet Quality Index-International, food-related greenhouse gas emission, the ratio of natural to processed foods, and the proportion of food expenditure from income. In linear regression analyses, we estimated the adjusted ß-coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the differences in mean SDI across study sites (using rural Ghana as a reference), accounting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall mean SDI was 8.0 (95% CI: 7.9, 8.1). Participants in the highest SDI-quintile compared to lower quintiles were older, more often women, non-smokers, and alcohol abstainers. The highest mean SDI was seen in London (9.1; 95% CI: 8.9, 9.3), followed by rural Ghana (8.2; 95% CI: 8.0, 8.3), Amsterdam (7.9; 95% CI: 7.7, 8.1), Berlin (7.8; 95% CI: 7.6, 8.0), and urban Ghana (7.7; 95% CI: 7.5, 7.8). Compared to rural Ghana, the differences between study sites were attenuated after accounting for age, gender and energy intake. No further changes were observed after adjustment for lifestyle factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The multi-dimensional SDI describes four dimensions of dietary sustainability in this Ghanaian population. Our findings suggest that living in Europe improved dietary sustainability, but the opposite seems true for urbanization in Ghana.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01020-5
Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Camila Weschenfelder, Rachel Helena Vieira Machado, Renato Hideo Nakagawa Santos, Terrence M Riley, Lucas Ribeiro da Silva, Debora Harumi Kodama Miyada, Erica Regina Ribeiro Sady, Erlon Oliveira de Abreu-Silva, Ligia Nasi Laranjeira, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Júlia Lorenzon Dos Santos, Gabriela Corrêa Souza, Suena Medeiros Parahiba, Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh, Danielle Soares Bezerra, Ana Paula Perillo Ferreira Carvalho, Malaine Morais Alves Machado, Sandra Mary Lima Vasconcelos, Mayranne Victórya Rocha Santos, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto, Luciana Pereira Pinto Dias, Francisca Eugenia Zaina Nagano, Cássia Cristina Paes de Almeida, Annie Seixas Bello Moreira, Rodrigo Damasceno de Oliveira, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Geni Rodrigues Sampaio, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva Torres, Bernardete Weber, Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti, Aline Marcadenti
Background: Nuts consumption is related to cardioprotective effects on primary cardiovascular prevention, but studies conducted in secondary prevention are small, scarce and controversial. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of a regional and sustainable cardioprotective diet added or not with an affordable mixed nuts on cardiometabolic features in patients with previous myocardial infarction.
Methods: DICA-NUTS study is a national, multi-center, and superiority-parallel randomized clinical trial. Males and females over 40 years old diagnosed with previous myocardial infarction in the last 2 to 6 months were included. Patients were allocated into two groups: the Brazilian Cardioprotective diet (DICA Br) supplemented with 30 g/day of mixed nuts (10 g of peanuts; 10 g of cashew; 10 g of Brazil nuts) (intervention group, n = 193); or only DICA Br prescription (control group, n = 195). The primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein cholesterol means (in mg/dL) after 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes were other lipid biomarkers, glycemic and anthropometric data and diet quality.
Results: After adjustment for baseline values, participating study site, time since myocardial infarction and statin treatment regimen (high potency, moderate and low potency/no statins), no significant difference was found between the groups in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (intervention-control difference: 3.48 mg/dL [-3.45 to 10.41], P = 0.32). Both groups improved their overall diet quality at the end of the study without differences between them after 16 weeks (intervention-control difference: 1.05 (-0.9 to 2.99); P = 0.29). Other lipids, glycemic profile and anthropometrics were also not different between study groups at the end of the study.
Conclusion: Adding 30 g/day of mixed nuts to the DICA Br for 16 weeks did not change lipid, glycemic and anthropometric features in the post-myocardial infarction setting.
Trial registration: This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov website under number NCT03728127 and its World Health Organization Universal Trial Number (WHO-UTN) is U1111-1259-8105.
{"title":"Effects of mixed nuts as part of a Brazilian Cardioprotective diet on LDL-cholesterol in adult patients after myocardial infarction: a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Camila Weschenfelder, Rachel Helena Vieira Machado, Renato Hideo Nakagawa Santos, Terrence M Riley, Lucas Ribeiro da Silva, Debora Harumi Kodama Miyada, Erica Regina Ribeiro Sady, Erlon Oliveira de Abreu-Silva, Ligia Nasi Laranjeira, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Júlia Lorenzon Dos Santos, Gabriela Corrêa Souza, Suena Medeiros Parahiba, Ana Paula Trussardi Fayh, Danielle Soares Bezerra, Ana Paula Perillo Ferreira Carvalho, Malaine Morais Alves Machado, Sandra Mary Lima Vasconcelos, Mayranne Victórya Rocha Santos, José Albuquerque de Figueiredo Neto, Luciana Pereira Pinto Dias, Francisca Eugenia Zaina Nagano, Cássia Cristina Paes de Almeida, Annie Seixas Bello Moreira, Rodrigo Damasceno de Oliveira, Marcelo Macedo Rogero, Geni Rodrigues Sampaio, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva Torres, Bernardete Weber, Alexandre Biasi Cavalcanti, Aline Marcadenti","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01020-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01020-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nuts consumption is related to cardioprotective effects on primary cardiovascular prevention, but studies conducted in secondary prevention are small, scarce and controversial. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of a regional and sustainable cardioprotective diet added or not with an affordable mixed nuts on cardiometabolic features in patients with previous myocardial infarction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DICA-NUTS study is a national, multi-center, and superiority-parallel randomized clinical trial. Males and females over 40 years old diagnosed with previous myocardial infarction in the last 2 to 6 months were included. Patients were allocated into two groups: the Brazilian Cardioprotective diet (DICA Br) supplemented with 30 g/day of mixed nuts (10 g of peanuts; 10 g of cashew; 10 g of Brazil nuts) (intervention group, n = 193); or only DICA Br prescription (control group, n = 195). The primary outcome was low-density lipoprotein cholesterol means (in mg/dL) after 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes were other lipid biomarkers, glycemic and anthropometric data and diet quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for baseline values, participating study site, time since myocardial infarction and statin treatment regimen (high potency, moderate and low potency/no statins), no significant difference was found between the groups in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (intervention-control difference: 3.48 mg/dL [-3.45 to 10.41], P = 0.32). Both groups improved their overall diet quality at the end of the study without differences between them after 16 weeks (intervention-control difference: 1.05 (-0.9 to 2.99); P = 0.29). Other lipids, glycemic profile and anthropometrics were also not different between study groups at the end of the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adding 30 g/day of mixed nuts to the DICA Br for 16 weeks did not change lipid, glycemic and anthropometric features in the post-myocardial infarction setting.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov website under number NCT03728127 and its World Health Organization Universal Trial Number (WHO-UTN) is U1111-1259-8105.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"118"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-01021-4
Rosa Sá de Oliveira Neta, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Maria Fernanda Araújo de Medeiros, David Bruno Melo Araújo, Nicole Bernardi, Armando Augusto Noberto Galdino de Araújo, Michelle Cristine Medeiros Jacob, Adélia da Costa Pereira de Arruda Neta, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni, Clélia de Oliveira Lyra, Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa Oliveira
Background: The EAT-Lancet diet is a diet aimed at promoting population and planetary health from the perspective of sustainable diets in terms of environmental and health aspects. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and cardiometabolic risk factors among adults and elderly individuals in a capital city in the northeastern region of Brazil.
Methods: This is an analytical cross-sectional observational study from a population-based sample conducted between 2019 and 2020, involving 398 non-institutionalized adults and elderly people, of both sexes from "Brazilian Usual Consumption Assessment" study (Brazuca-Natal). There was a 38% response rate due to the suspension of data collection due to the covid-19 pandemic, but According to the comparative analysis of socioeconomic and demographic variables between the surveyed and non-surveyed sectors, losses were found to be random (p = 0.135, Little's MCAR test). Socioeconomic and lifestyle data, anthropometric measurements, and dietary consumption were collected. We used the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) and the Cardiovascular Health Diet Index (CHDI) for cardiovascular health to assess adherence to the diet's sustainability. The evaluated cardiometabolic parameters included fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements. We also assessed the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia. For the data analyses, sample weights and the effect of the study design were taken into account. Pearson's chi-square test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of frequencies. Multiple linear regression models assessed the associations between PHDI and CHDI and its components and the cardiometabolic parameters.
Results: The mean PHDI was 29.4 (95% CI 28.04:30.81), on a total score ranging from 0 to 150 points and the mean CHDI was 32.63 (95% CI 31.50:33.78), on a total score ranging from 0 to 110 points. PHDI showed a significant positive association with the final CHDI score and components of fruits, vegetables, and legumes, and a negative association with Ultra-processed Food (UPF) (p < 0.05). Notably, among the most consumed UPF, the following stand out: "packaged snacks, shoestring potatoes, and crackers" (16.94%), followed by margarine (14.14%). The PHDI exhibited a significant association with diabetes and dyslipidemia, as well as with systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL-C.
Conclusions: The results suggest that adopting the EAT-Lancet diet is associated with the improvement of key cardiovascular health indicators.
{"title":"The EAT-Lancet diet associated cardiovascular health parameters: evidence from a Brazilian study.","authors":"Rosa Sá de Oliveira Neta, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha Lima, Maria Fernanda Araújo de Medeiros, David Bruno Melo Araújo, Nicole Bernardi, Armando Augusto Noberto Galdino de Araújo, Michelle Cristine Medeiros Jacob, Adélia da Costa Pereira de Arruda Neta, Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni, Clélia de Oliveira Lyra, Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa Oliveira","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01021-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01021-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The EAT-Lancet diet is a diet aimed at promoting population and planetary health from the perspective of sustainable diets in terms of environmental and health aspects. This study aimed to assess the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and cardiometabolic risk factors among adults and elderly individuals in a capital city in the northeastern region of Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an analytical cross-sectional observational study from a population-based sample conducted between 2019 and 2020, involving 398 non-institutionalized adults and elderly people, of both sexes from \"Brazilian Usual Consumption Assessment\" study (Brazuca-Natal). There was a 38% response rate due to the suspension of data collection due to the covid-19 pandemic, but According to the comparative analysis of socioeconomic and demographic variables between the surveyed and non-surveyed sectors, losses were found to be random (p = 0.135, Little's MCAR test). Socioeconomic and lifestyle data, anthropometric measurements, and dietary consumption were collected. We used the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) and the Cardiovascular Health Diet Index (CHDI) for cardiovascular health to assess adherence to the diet's sustainability. The evaluated cardiometabolic parameters included fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements. We also assessed the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia. For the data analyses, sample weights and the effect of the study design were taken into account. Pearson's chi-square test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of frequencies. Multiple linear regression models assessed the associations between PHDI and CHDI and its components and the cardiometabolic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean PHDI was 29.4 (95% CI 28.04:30.81), on a total score ranging from 0 to 150 points and the mean CHDI was 32.63 (95% CI 31.50:33.78), on a total score ranging from 0 to 110 points. PHDI showed a significant positive association with the final CHDI score and components of fruits, vegetables, and legumes, and a negative association with Ultra-processed Food (UPF) (p < 0.05). Notably, among the most consumed UPF, the following stand out: \"packaged snacks, shoestring potatoes, and crackers\" (16.94%), followed by margarine (14.14%). The PHDI exhibited a significant association with diabetes and dyslipidemia, as well as with systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL-C.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results suggest that adopting the EAT-Lancet diet is associated with the improvement of key cardiovascular health indicators.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin production, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from Curcuma longa, has shown potential in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing blood glucose levels, which may help mitigate type 2 diabetes progression.
Objective: To assess the efficacy of improving type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Study design: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included subjects (n = 272) with criteria for type 2 diabetes.
Methods: All subjects were randomly assigned to receive curcumin (1500 mg/day) or placebo with blind labels for 12 months. To assess the improvement of T2DM after curcumin treatments body weight and body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, β-cell function (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA-β]), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, adiponectin, and leptin were monitored at the baseline and at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month visits during the course of intervention.
Results: After 12 months of treatment, the curcumin-treated group showed a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (115.49 vs.130.71; P < 0.05), HbA1c (6.12 vs. 6.47; P < 0.05). In addition, the curcumin-treated group showed a better overall function of β-cells, with higher HOMA-β (136.20 vs. 105.19; P < 0.01) The curcumin-treated group showed a lower level of HOMA-IR (4.86 vs. 6.04; P < 0.001) and higher adiponectin (14.51 vs. 10.36; P < 0.001) when compared to the placebo group. The curcumin-treated group also showed a lower level of leptin (9.42 vs. 20.66; P < 0.001). Additionally, body mass index was lowered (25.9 4 vs.29.34), with a P value of 0.001.
Conclusions: A 12-month curcumin intervention in type 2 diabetes patients shows a significant glucose-lowering effect. Curcumin treatment appeared to improve the overall function of β-cells and reduce both insulin resistance and body weight, with very minor adverse effects. Curcumin intervention in obese patients with type 2 diabetes may be beneficial.
{"title":"Curcumin extract improves beta cell functions in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Metha Yaikwawong, Laddawan Jansarikit, Siwanon Jirawatnotai, Somlak Chuengsamarn","doi":"10.1186/s12937-024-01022-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12937-024-01022-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin production, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound from Curcuma longa, has shown potential in improving insulin sensitivity and reducing blood glucose levels, which may help mitigate type 2 diabetes progression.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the efficacy of improving type 2 diabetes (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included subjects (n = 272) with criteria for type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All subjects were randomly assigned to receive curcumin (1500 mg/day) or placebo with blind labels for 12 months. To assess the improvement of T2DM after curcumin treatments body weight and body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A<sub>1c,</sub> β-cell function (homeostasis model assessment [HOMA-β]), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, adiponectin, and leptin were monitored at the baseline and at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month visits during the course of intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 12 months of treatment, the curcumin-treated group showed a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (115.49 vs.130.71; P < 0.05), HbA<sub>1c</sub> (6.12 vs. 6.47; P < 0.05). In addition, the curcumin-treated group showed a better overall function of β-cells, with higher HOMA-β (136.20 vs. 105.19; P < 0.01) The curcumin-treated group showed a lower level of HOMA-IR (4.86 vs. 6.04; P < 0.001) and higher adiponectin (14.51 vs. 10.36; P < 0.001) when compared to the placebo group. The curcumin-treated group also showed a lower level of leptin (9.42 vs. 20.66; P < 0.001). Additionally, body mass index was lowered (25.9 4 vs.29.34), with a P value of 0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A 12-month curcumin intervention in type 2 diabetes patients shows a significant glucose-lowering effect. Curcumin treatment appeared to improve the overall function of β-cells and reduce both insulin resistance and body weight, with very minor adverse effects. Curcumin intervention in obese patients with type 2 diabetes may be beneficial.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Thai clinical trials regentrify no.20140303003.</p>","PeriodicalId":19203,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}