Ocean Modelling最新文献_第2页

Enhancing model temperature estimations in shallow, turbid, coastal regions: Mobile Bay, Alabama 加强浅海、浑浊沿岸地区的模型温度估算：阿拉巴马州莫比尔湾

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102455

Harikrishnan Sreeshylam , Zhilong Liu , Brian Dzwonkowski , John Lehrter

Accurate estimation of water column temperature is vital for modeling physical and biogeochemical processes. A key process in the thermal dynamics of the upper ocean is the attenuation of solar radiation. In shallow-turbid coastal systems, spatially and temporally varying optical characteristics present challenges for commonly used attenuation parameterization schemes. This study investigates the dependency of temperature with a ROMS model of Mobile Bay, a shallow, turbid estuary, using six different attenuation approaches including three base cases: Conventional approach PS77 based on water type-9; Novel approach SAL relating in situ PAR attenuation to salinity; and Surface trapped irradiance method ST. In addition, these base cases are also tested with surface atmospheric heat flux correction (QC). Simulations were validated against observations from various sources to identify the optimal approach at annual and synoptic scales. While all simulations showed effective temperature performance over an annual cycle, monthly analysis revealed some seasonality, with winter months typically performing better than summer months. The influence of QC notably enhanced temperature performance in both annual and synoptic scales, given that surface heat flux primarily drove temperature changes in this shallow system. The best overall performance was determined to be the ST approach incorporating QC. Conversely, PS77 without QC demonstrated the poorest performance. The SAL model with QC, notably improved performance over PS77 with QC, yet demonstrated comparable yet weaker performance compared to the ST model with QC. The study also implies that neglecting subseasonal validation in long-term regional climate modeling could introduce uncertainty into analyzing events tied to subseasonal temperatures.

准确估算水体温度对物理和生物地球化学过程建模至关重要。太阳辐射衰减是上层海洋热动力学的一个关键过程。在浅湍流沿岸系统中，时空变化的光学特性给常用的衰减参数化方案带来了挑战。本研究采用六种不同的衰减方法（包括三种基本方法），对莫比尔湾（一个浅浊流河口）的 ROMS 模式的温度依赖性进行了研究：基于水体类型-9 的传统方法 PS77；与原位 PAR 衰减和盐度有关的新方法 SAL；以及表面受困辐照度方法 ST。此外，还对这些基本方法进行了地表大气热通量校正（QC）测试。模拟结果与各种来源的观测数据进行了验证，以确定年度和天气尺度上的最佳方法。虽然所有模拟都显示出有效的年周期温度表现，但月度分析显示出一定的季节性，冬季月份的表现通常好于夏季月份。由于地表热通量主要驱动浅层系统的温度变化，因此 QC 的影响明显提高了年尺度和同步尺度的温度性能。总体性能最好的是包含 QC 的 ST 方法。相反，不含 QC 的 PS77 性能最差。采用 QC 的 SAL 模型比采用 QC 的 PS77 有明显改善，但与采用 QC 的 ST 模型相比，其性能相当但较弱。这项研究还表明，在长期区域气候模拟中忽略次季节验证可能会给分析与次季节温度相关的事件带来不确定性。

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引用次数: 0

Total water level prediction at continental scale: Coastal ocean 大陆尺度的总水位预测：沿岸海洋

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102451

Linlin Cui , Fei Ye , Y. Joseph Zhang , Haocheng Yu , Zhengui Wang , Saeed Moghimi , Gregory Seroka , Jack Riley , Shachak Pe'eri , Soroosh Mani , Edward Myers , Kyungmin Park , Liujuan Tang , Zizang Yang , Yan-Ming Wang

We demonstrate recent progress made in the simulation of total water level (TWL) at continental scale, using the coastal ocean of US East Coast/Gulf of Mexico coast as an example. A key difference between the continental-scale and small-scale modeling is that the former requires a more accurate vertical datum. Using a geoid-based datum (xGEOID20b), a satellite altimetry product, and a state-of-the-art 3D unstructured-grid model, we significantly improve the accuracy for TWL both near- and off-shore. The average root-mean-square error at all NOAA stations is 14 cm. The non-tidal signals are found to be sensitive to the representation of a large-scale current system near the boundary and extending the domain extent to accommodate this system improves these signals.

我们以美国东海岸/墨西哥湾沿岸海洋为例，展示了大陆尺度总水位（TWL）模拟的最新进展。大陆尺度建模与小尺度建模的主要区别在于前者需要更精确的垂直基准。利用基于大地水准面的基准（xGEOID20b）、卫星测高产品和最先进的三维非结构网格模型，我们显著提高了近海和近海 TWL 的精度。NOAA 所有站点的平均均方根误差为 14 厘米。我们发现，非潮汐信号对边界附近大尺度海流系统的表示非常敏感，而扩大域范围以适应该系统则可改善这些信号。

引用次数: 0

Variation of suspended-sediment caused by tidal asymmetry and wave effects 潮汐不对称和波浪效应引起的悬浮沉积物变化

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102454

Jianbin Xie , Xingru Feng , Guandong Gao

Suspended sediment plays an important role in coastal topography evolution and ecological environment change. To obtain a clear picture of the underlying mechanisms, we studied the response of suspended sediment dynamics to tidal current and wave-current interactions using the wave-current-sediment model of SCHISM. The results revealed evident tidal asymmetry in the study area, and showed that the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) markedly changes within a tidal cycle. We also disassembled the wave–current interactions to determine the contribution of each physical mechanism of the wave and hydrodynamic models. Regarding the importance of various effects of wave-current interactions on SSC, the wave-induced bottom shear stress and wave-induced radiation stress should be considered. The importance of advection in horizontal space is comparable to that of wave-induced bottom shear stress and wave-induced radiation stress, and is greater than that of the other types of wave energy advection. This study successfully explained all the mechanisms that influence the variation of SSC to the southwest of Hainan Island, which is helpful for coastal management and could provide a reference for other coastal areas.

悬浮泥沙在海岸地形演变和生态环境变化中起着重要作用。为了清楚地了解其内在机理，我们利用 SCHISM 的波-流-沉积物模型研究了悬浮沉积物动力学对潮流和波-流相互作用的响应。研究结果表明，研究区域的潮汐具有明显的不对称性，悬浮泥沙浓度（SSC）在一个潮汐周期内发生了显著变化。我们还对波浪-海流相互作用进行了分解，以确定波浪模型和水动力模型中各物理机制的贡献。关于波-流相互作用对 SSC 的各种影响的重要性，应考虑波引起的底剪应力和波引起的辐射应力。水平空间平流的重要性与波浪诱导的底剪应力和波浪诱导的辐射应力相当，且大于其他类型的波能平流。该研究成功地解释了影响海南岛西南部 SSC 变化的所有机制，有助于海岸管理，并可为其他沿海地区提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

A dynamically adaptive Langmuir turbulence parameterization scheme for variable wind wave conditions: Model application 针对多变风浪条件的动态自适应朗缪尔湍流参数化方案：模型应用

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102453

Fangrui Xiu , Zengan Deng

Langmuir circulations and turbulence (LT) are crucial in the upper ocean mixed layer, significantly affecting the air-sea exchange of momentum, heat, and mass. The development of an appropriate LT parameterization scheme is vital for ocean modeling. This study employed the Large-eddy Simulation (LES) and the Physics-informed Neural Network (PINN) to optimize the KC04 Langmuir turbulence scheme by dynamically adjusting E₆ as a key parameter determined by winds and waves. The LES simulations under different wind wave states indicated the PINN-inferred values for E₆. Modelling results from GOTM in OCSPapa station demonstrated that the optimized scheme outperformed the original KC04 scheme in simulating the vertical eddy diffusivity and temperature, with an ∼6.24% annual reduction in the root mean square error (RMSE) for the temperature and an ∼8.23% reduction in the RMSE during autumn. Furthermore, the optimized scheme resulted in a thicker mixed layer, reaching 4.9 m. This enhanced LT parameterization scheme exhibited the improved robustness for variable spatiotemporal resolutions, significantly improving the modeling accuracy.

朗缪尔环流和湍流（LT）在海洋上层混合层中至关重要，对海气动量、热量和质量交换有重大影响。制定适当的 LT 参数化方案对海洋建模至关重要。本研究采用大涡模拟（LES）和物理信息神经网络（PINN），通过动态调整由风浪决定的关键参数 E6，优化 KC04 Langmuir 湍流方案。不同风浪状态下的 LES 模拟显示了 PINN 所推导的 E6 值。在 OCSPapa 站进行的 GOTM 模拟结果表明，优化方案在模拟垂直涡扩散率和温度方面优于原始 KC04 方案，温度的均方根误差（RMSE）年减幅为 6.24%，秋季的均方根误差减幅为 8.23%。此外，优化后的方案还增加了混合层厚度，达到 4.9 米。

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引用次数: 0

Improving the accuracy of global ECMWF wave height forecasts with machine learning 利用机器学习提高 ECMWF 全球波高预报的准确性

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102450

Shuyi Zhou , Jiuke Wang , Yuhan Cao , Brandon J. Bethel , Wenhong Xie , Guangjun Xu , Wenjin Sun , Yang Yu , Hongchun Zhang , Changming Dong

Significant wave height (SWH) stands as one of the most crucial parameters for maritime activities. However, even the SWH data from the widely utilized European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast Integrated Forecasting System (ECMWF-IFS) carries errors and uncertainties. In this study, the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) is used to inference the global ECMWF-IFS SWH forecast biases. The results demonstrate that globally, the LightGBM reduces the root mean square error by 10–20 %. Particularly noteworthy is the enhanced forecast accuracy observed in the western Pacific during late summers. Furthermore, the corrected forecast results during Super Typhoon Lekima in 2019 showcase the capability of model to effectively enhance the forecast accuracy of typhoon-induced wind waves, even when four typhoons occur concurrently. This study establishes the feasibility of LightGBM in inferencing single-step SWH forecast bias and presents a cost-effective model for enhancing global wave forecasts.

显著波高（SWH）是海上活动最关键的参数之一。然而，即使是广泛使用的欧洲中期天气预报中心综合预报系统（ECMWF-IFS）提供的 SWH 数据也存在误差和不确定性。本研究采用光梯度提升机（LightGBM）推断 ECMWF-IFS SWH 全球预报偏差。结果表明，在全球范围内，LightGBM 可将均方根误差降低 10-20%。尤其值得注意的是，在夏末西太平洋观测到的预报精度有所提高。此外，2019 年超强台风 "勒基马 "期间的修正预报结果表明，即使在四个台风同时出现的情况下，模型也能有效提高台风诱发风浪的预报精度。本研究证实了 LightGBM 在推断单步 SWH 预报偏差方面的可行性，并提出了一种用于增强全球海浪预报的经济有效的模式。

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引用次数: 0

Contribution of high-mode near-inertial waves to enhanced typhoon-induced sea surface temperature cooling in the South China Sea 高模近惯性波对台风诱发的南海海面温度冷却增强的贡献

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102452

Shukui Cheng , Anzhou Cao , Jinbao Song , Xinyu Guo

Sea surface temperature cooling (SSTC) is an important indicator of the ocean response to typhoons and is a factor in the evolution of typhoons. Understanding the intricate mechanisms underlying the SSTC induced by different typhoons is important. Based on the numerical simulation, we investigated the SSTC induced by typhoons Megi (2010), Linfa (2015), and Sarika (2011), which had relatively similar tracks in the South China Sea. As the strongest (weakest) typhoon, Megi (Sarika) induced the largest (smallest) SSTC, which is consistent with the traditional understanding that stronger typhoons usually induce larger SSTC than weaker typhoons. However, the SSTC induced by the moderate typhoon Linfa was nearly comparable to that induced by Megi, while Linfa had a wind power input an order of magnitude smaller. A comparison of near-inertial waves (NIWs) induced by Linfa and Megi showed that the former contained a larger proportion of high modes, substantially contributing to vertical shear. Consequently, the vertical mixing coefficient during Linfa reached one third of that during Megi. Because the SSTC is primarily influenced by vertical mixing, which is dominated by vertical diffusion at the mixed layer depth, the relatively strong vertical mixing coefficient and large temperature gradient during Linfa ultimately resulted in the SSTC nearly comparable to that induced by Megi. The results of this study enhance the understanding of typhoon-induced SSTC.

海面温度冷却（SSTC）是海洋对台风反应的一个重要指标，也是台风演变的一个因素。了解不同台风诱发 SSTC 的复杂机制非常重要。基于数值模拟，我们研究了台风 "鲇鱼"（2010 年）、"玲花"（2015 年）和 "莎莉嘉"（2011 年）诱发的 SSTC。作为最强（最弱）的台风，鲇鱼（莎莉嘉）诱发的 SSTC 最大（最小），这与强台风通常比弱台风诱发更大 SSTC 的传统认识一致。然而，中等强度台风 "莲花 "诱发的 SSTC 几乎与 "鲇鱼 "相当，而 "莲花 "的风能输入却比 "鲇鱼 "小一个数量级。对 "玲花 "和 "鲇鱼 "引起的近惯性波（NIWs）进行的比较表明，前者含有较大比例的高模式，对垂直切变有很大的影响。因此，"林法 "期间的垂直混合系数达到了 "鲇鱼 "期间的三分之一。由于 SSTC 主要受垂直混合的影响，而垂直混合又以混合层深度的垂直扩散为主，因此，Linfa 期间相对较强的垂直混合系数和较大的温度梯度最终导致 SSTC 几乎与 Megi 期间诱发的 SSTC 相当。本研究的结果加深了人们对台风诱发的 SSTC 的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling sediment movement in the shallow-water framework: A morpho-hydrodynamic approach with numerical simulations and experimental validation 浅水框架中的沉积物运动建模：通过数值模拟和实验验证的形态流体力学方法

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102445

E. Guerrero Fernández , M.J. Castro Díaz , Y. Wei , C. Moore

This work presents a morpho-hydrodynamic model and a numerical approximation designed for the fast and accurate simulation of sediment movement associated with extreme events, such as tsunamis. The model integrates the well-established hydrostatic shallow-water equations with a transport equation for the moving bathymetry that relies on a bedload transport function. Subsequently, this model is discretized using the path-conservative finite volume framework to yield a numerical scheme that is not only fast but also second-order accurate and well-balanced for the lake-at-rest solution. The numerical discretization separates the hydrodynamic and morphodynamic components of the model but leverages the eigenstructure information to evolve the morphologic part in an upwind fashion, preventing spurious oscillations. The study includes various numerical experiments, incorporating comparisons with laboratory experimental data and field surveys.

这项研究提出了一种形态-流体动力学模型和数值近似方法，旨在快速准确地模拟与海啸等极端事件有关的沉积物运动。该模型将成熟的静水浅水方程与依赖于床面负荷传输函数的移动水深传输方程整合在一起。随后，利用路径保守有限体积框架对该模型进行离散化处理，从而得到不仅速度快，而且二阶精度高、平衡性好的湖泊静止解数值方案。数值离散化将模型的水动力和形态动力部分分开，但利用特征结构信息以逆风方式演化形态部分，从而防止出现虚假振荡。研究包括各种数值实验，并与实验室实验数据和实地调查进行了比较。

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of wave-based parameterizations of air–sea CO2 gas transfer over global oceans 基于波浪的全球海洋海气二氧化碳气体转移参数评估

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102446

Shuo Li , Alexander V. Babanin , Qingxiang Liu , Changlong Guan

The parameterization of air–sea CO₂ transfer velocity employed in the estimation of bulk fluxes over global ocean is typically established on wind speed but could suffer from the deviations induced by sea states. In this study, the effectiveness of wave-based formulations are substantiated by reproducing climatological air–sea CO₂ flux and gas transfer velocity. Sea states play a significant role in facilitating CO₂ transfer, particularly in mid to high latitude regions with high wind speeds. The variability in transfer velocity induced by sea states is estimated up to 19% at the wind speed of 15 m/s. The two wave-based formulations used in this study are combined using a critical value of the Reynolds number. The combined formulation further improves estimates of the CO₂ gas transfer velocity.

在估算全球海洋上的大量通量时采用的海气二氧化碳传输速度参数通常以风速为基础，但可能会受到海况的影响。在本研究中，通过再现气候海气二氧化碳通量和气体传输速度，证实了基于波浪的公式的有效性。海况在促进二氧化碳传输方面发挥着重要作用，尤其是在风速较高的中高纬度地区。据估计，在风速为 15 米/秒时，海况引起的转移速度变化可达 19%。本研究中使用的两种基于波浪的计算方法通过雷诺数的临界值进行了组合。组合公式进一步提高了对二氧化碳气体传输速度的估算。

引用次数: 0

An operational discontinuous Galerkin shallow water model for coastal flood assessment 用于沿海洪水评估的非连续伽勒金浅水操作模型

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102447

A.G. Filippini , L. Arpaia , V. Perrier , R. Pedreros , P. Bonneton , D. Lannes , F. Marche , S. De Brye , S. Delmas , S. Lecacheux , F. Boulahya , M. Ricchiuto

Hydrodynamic modeling for coastal flooding risk assessment is a highly relevant topic. Many operational tools available for this purpose use numerical techniques and implementation paradigms that reach their limits when confronted with modern requirements in terms of resolution and performances. In this work, we present a novel operational tool for coastal hazards predictions, currently employed by the BRGM agency (the French Geological Survey) to carry out its flooding hazard exposure studies and coastal risk prevention plans on International and French territories. The model, called UHAINA (wave in the Basque language), is based on an arbitrary high-order discontinuous Galerkin discretization of the nonlinear shallow water equations with SSP Runge–Kutta time stepping on unstructured triangular grids. It is built upon the finite element library AeroSol, which provides a modern C++ software architecture and high scalability, making it suitable for HPC applications. The paper provides a detailed development of the mathematical and numerical framework of the model, focusing on two key-ingredients : (i) a pragmatic

P^{0}

treatment of the solution in partially dry cells which guarantees efficiently well-balancedness, positivity and mass conservation at any polynomial order; (ii) an artificial viscosity method based on the physical dissipation of the system of equations providing nonlinear stability for non-smooth solutions. A set of numerical validations on academic benchmarks is performed to highlight the efficiency of these approaches. Finally, UHAINA is applied on a real operational case of study, demonstrating very satisfactory results.

用于沿岸洪水风险评估的水动力模型是一个非常重要的课题。许多用于这一目的的操作工具所使用的数值技术和实施范式，在面对现代分辨率和性能要求时，已经达到了极限。在这项工作中，我们介绍了一种新的沿海灾害预测实用工具，该工具目前被法国地质调查局（BRGM）用来在国际和法国领土上开展洪水灾害暴露研究和沿海风险预防计划。该模型名为 UHAINA（巴斯克语中的波浪），是基于非线性浅水方程的任意高阶非连续 Galerkin 离散法，在非结构化三角形网格上采用 SSP Runge-Kutta 时间步进。它建立在有限元库 AeroSol 的基础上，该库提供了现代 C++ 软件架构和高可扩展性，使其适用于 HPC 应用。论文详细介绍了该模型的数学和数值框架，重点介绍了两个关键要素：(i) 部分干燥单元中求解的实用 P0 处理，可在任何多项式阶数下有效保证平衡性、正性和质量守恒；(ii) 基于物理耗散的人工粘性方法，可为非光滑求解提供非线性稳定性。在学术基准上进行了一系列数值验证，以突出这些方法的效率。最后，将 UHAINA 应用于实际运行案例的研究，结果令人非常满意。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical investigation of coastal profile evolution under effect of submerged flexible vegetation by XBeach wave model XBeach 波浪模型对水下柔性植被影响下海岸剖面演变的数值研究

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102441

Yiran Wang, Kai Yin, Sudong Xu, Shangpeng Gong, Mingxuan Li

Vegetation communities distributed in coastal zones and offshore wetlands are important compositions for sand stabilization and stability of the ecosystem. This paper studies the impact of flexible vegetation on beach profile evolution by constructing an XBeach numerical model. Firstly, the mathematical model of flexible vegetation beach is established based on the generalized vegetation parameters. The XBeach numerical model is validated by the wave flume experiment to prove that a semi-empirical equation of flexible vegetation drag coefficient is valid in beach profile evolution. Then, the numerical model is used to study the beach profile evolution with flexible vegetation under different wave parameters and summarize the corresponding laws. Finally, the differences between flexible and rigid vegetation on beach evolution are compared. Results show that the beach profile evolution roughly increased with the increase of wave parameters. The Starting Point of Evolution in beach shifts offshore and the evolution range gradually broadens as the wave height or period increases. In addition, the flexible vegetation beach shows greater evolution than rigid vegetation beach and the Starting Point of Evolution also tends to be more offshore, particularly under conditions of long periods and large wave heights. This study can provide references for beach protection and ecological restoration in coastal areas.

分布在海岸带和近海湿地的植被群落是固沙和生态系统稳定的重要组成部分。本文通过构建 XBeach 数值模型，研究柔性植被对海滩剖面演变的影响。首先，基于广义植被参数建立了柔性植被海滩数学模型。通过波浪水槽实验验证了 XBeach 数值模型，证明柔性植被阻力系数半经验方程在海滩剖面演变中是有效的。然后，利用数值模型研究了不同波浪参数下柔性植被的海滩剖面演变，并总结了相应的规律。最后，比较了柔性植被和刚性植被对海滩演变的影响。结果表明，随着波浪参数的增加，海滩剖面的演化大致呈上升趋势。随着波高或周期的增加，海滩演变的起点向外海移动，演变范围逐渐扩大。此外，柔性植被海滩比刚性植被海滩的演变幅度更大，演变起点也更趋向于离岸，尤其是在长周期和大浪高的条件下。这项研究可为沿海地区的海滩保护和生态恢复提供参考。

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引用次数: 0