首页 > 最新文献

Ocean Modelling最新文献

英文 中文
Numerical investigation of coastal profile evolution under effect of submerged flexible vegetation by XBeach wave model XBeach 波浪模型对水下柔性植被影响下海岸剖面演变的数值研究
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102441
Vegetation communities distributed in coastal zones and offshore wetlands are important compositions for sand stabilization and stability of the ecosystem. This paper studies the impact of flexible vegetation on beach profile evolution by constructing an XBeach numerical model. Firstly, the mathematical model of flexible vegetation beach is established based on the generalized vegetation parameters. The XBeach numerical model is validated by the wave flume experiment to prove that a semi-empirical equation of flexible vegetation drag coefficient is valid in beach profile evolution. Then, the numerical model is used to study the beach profile evolution with flexible vegetation under different wave parameters and summarize the corresponding laws. Finally, the differences between flexible and rigid vegetation on beach evolution are compared. Results show that the beach profile evolution roughly increased with the increase of wave parameters. The Starting Point of Evolution in beach shifts offshore and the evolution range gradually broadens as the wave height or period increases. In addition, the flexible vegetation beach shows greater evolution than rigid vegetation beach and the Starting Point of Evolution also tends to be more offshore, particularly under conditions of long periods and large wave heights. This study can provide references for beach protection and ecological restoration in coastal areas.
分布在海岸带和近海湿地的植被群落是固沙和生态系统稳定的重要组成部分。本文通过构建 XBeach 数值模型,研究柔性植被对海滩剖面演变的影响。首先,基于广义植被参数建立了柔性植被海滩数学模型。通过波浪水槽实验验证了 XBeach 数值模型,证明柔性植被阻力系数半经验方程在海滩剖面演变中是有效的。然后,利用数值模型研究了不同波浪参数下柔性植被的海滩剖面演变,并总结了相应的规律。最后,比较了柔性植被和刚性植被对海滩演变的影响。结果表明,随着波浪参数的增加,海滩剖面的演化大致呈上升趋势。随着波高或周期的增加,海滩演变的起点向外海移动,演变范围逐渐扩大。此外,柔性植被海滩比刚性植被海滩的演变幅度更大,演变起点也更趋向于离岸,尤其是在长周期和大浪高的条件下。这项研究可为沿海地区的海滩保护和生态恢复提供参考。
{"title":"Numerical investigation of coastal profile evolution under effect of submerged flexible vegetation by XBeach wave model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vegetation communities distributed in coastal zones and offshore wetlands are important compositions for sand stabilization and stability of the ecosystem. This paper studies the impact of flexible vegetation on beach profile evolution by constructing an XBeach numerical model. Firstly, the mathematical model of flexible vegetation beach is established based on the generalized vegetation parameters. The XBeach numerical model is validated by the wave flume experiment to prove that a semi-empirical equation of flexible vegetation drag coefficient is valid in beach profile evolution. Then, the numerical model is used to study the beach profile evolution with flexible vegetation under different wave parameters and summarize the corresponding laws. Finally, the differences between flexible and rigid vegetation on beach evolution are compared. Results show that the beach profile evolution roughly increased with the increase of wave parameters. The Starting Point of Evolution in beach shifts offshore and the evolution range gradually broadens as the wave height or period increases. In addition, the flexible vegetation beach shows greater evolution than rigid vegetation beach and the Starting Point of Evolution also tends to be more offshore, particularly under conditions of long periods and large wave heights. This study can provide references for beach protection and ecological restoration in coastal areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142359134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CanESM5-derived ocean wave projections — Considerations for coarse resolution climate models 源自 CanESM5 的海浪预测 - 对粗分辨率气候模式的考虑
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102430
This study presents the first set of CanESM5-driven wave projections for two emission scenarios (SSP5-8.5 and SSP2-4.5) and two time periods for mid- and end-century. While coarse resolution climate models, like CanESM5, might be less attractive for development of ocean wave projections, their results are needed to explore the full range of inter-model uncertainty in CMIP6 projections. Considering the coarse resolution limitation, wave simulations were obtained with a proposed computationally efficient 2-step bias-correction approach that consists of (i) calibrating the wind-to-wave energy transfer in the ocean wave model to reduce the underestimation of extremes resulting from coarse resolution, and (ii) bias-correcting the surface winds with a multivariate bias-correction to reduce remaining systematic biases. Results showed overall good performance in comparison with state of the art reanalysis and satellite data. Resulting projections provide increased understanding of future changes in wave conditions, confirming previously reported global-scale changes, such as higher waves in the eastern tropical Pacific and lower waves in the North Atlantic. They also provide more detailed information for areas affected by sea ice conditions in comparison to the latest CMIP5-based wave ensembles, which is critical for the Arctic region, a hotspot for ocean wave changes. Moreover, while the largest changes are typically seen by the end-century under SSP5-8.5, this study reveals that for some variables and areas, such as the mean wave period, larger changes occur for lower warming levels as a result of competing driving factors. Finally, the presented projections can contribute to ongoing efforts to generate a large multi-model ensemble of wave projections based on CMIP6.
本研究针对两种排放情景(SSP5-8.5 和 SSP2-4.5)以及世纪中叶和世纪末的两个时段,提出了第一套 CanESM5 驱动的海浪预测。虽然像 CanESM5 这样的粗分辨率气候模式对发展海洋波浪预测的吸引力可能较小,但需要它们的结果来探索 CMIP6 预测中模式间不确定性的全部范围。考虑到粗分辨率的限制,波浪模拟采用了一种拟议的计算高效的两步偏差校正方法,包括:(i)校正海洋波浪模式中风到波浪的能量传递,以减少粗分辨率导致的极端低估;(ii)用多元偏差校正法校正表面风的偏差,以减少剩余的系统偏差。结果表明,与最先进的再分析和卫星数据相比,总体性能良好。预测结果加深了人们对未来波浪条件变化的了解,证实了之前报告的全球尺度变化,如热带太平洋东部波浪较高,北大西洋波浪较低。与基于 CMIP5 的最新波浪集合相比,它们还为受海冰条件影响的地区提供了更详细的信息,这对北极地区这一海洋波浪变化的热点地区至关重要。此外,虽然在 SSP5-8.5 条件下,最大的变化通常出现在本世纪末,但本研究显示,对于某些变量和地区,如平均波浪周期,由于相互竞争的驱动因素,在较低的变暖水平下会出现更大的变化。最后,本文提出的预测可以为正在进行的基于 CMIP6 的大型多模式波浪预测集合的生成工作做出贡献。
{"title":"CanESM5-derived ocean wave projections — Considerations for coarse resolution climate models","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first set of CanESM5-driven wave projections for two emission scenarios (SSP5-8.5 and SSP2-4.5) and two time periods for mid- and end-century. While coarse resolution climate models, like CanESM5, might be less attractive for development of ocean wave projections, their results are needed to explore the full range of inter-model uncertainty in CMIP6 projections. Considering the coarse resolution limitation, wave simulations were obtained with a proposed computationally efficient 2-step bias-correction approach that consists of (i) calibrating the wind-to-wave energy transfer in the ocean wave model to reduce the underestimation of extremes resulting from coarse resolution, and (ii) bias-correcting the surface winds with a multivariate bias-correction to reduce remaining systematic biases. Results showed overall good performance in comparison with state of the art reanalysis and satellite data. Resulting projections provide increased understanding of future changes in wave conditions, confirming previously reported global-scale changes, such as higher waves in the eastern tropical Pacific and lower waves in the North Atlantic. They also provide more detailed information for areas affected by sea ice conditions in comparison to the latest CMIP5-based wave ensembles, which is critical for the Arctic region, a hotspot for ocean wave changes. Moreover, while the largest changes are typically seen by the end-century under SSP5-8.5, this study reveals that for some variables and areas, such as the mean wave period, larger changes occur for lower warming levels as a result of competing driving factors. Finally, the presented projections can contribute to ongoing efforts to generate a large multi-model ensemble of wave projections based on CMIP6.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Deep learning approaches in predicting tropical cyclone tracks: An analysis focused on the Northwest Pacific Region 预测热带气旋路径的深度学习方法:以西北太平洋地区为重点的分析
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102444
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive and integrated test of tropical cyclone track prediction using deep learning technologies, aiming to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of the prediction methods. We employed the Best Track dataset from the China Meteorological Administration's Tropical Cyclone Data Center, which covers the Northwest Pacific region from 1949 to 2023. This dataset provides comprehensive coverage, encompassing critical tropical cyclone details like time, latitude, longitude, and wind speed. Our focus was on evaluating and comparing different deep learning models, including Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), for their effectiveness in handling complex time series data. Through detailed analysis of various model configurations, including factors such as input-output lengths, hidden size, the number of layers, the implementation of bi-directional networks, and attention mechanisms, we discovered that LSTM and GRU models significantly outperform traditional RNN models in dealing with long-term dependencies and enhancing prediction accuracy. Moreover, the LSTM model, used to forecast key tropical cyclones during the 2023 Pacific tropical cyclone season, achieved mean errors of 21.84 km, 37.56 km, and 26.12 km for Typhoons Mawar, Doksuri, and Saola, respectively. This method also demonstrated high efficiency in rapid response to extreme weather changes, processing each tropical cyclone's forecast in just about 8 s. The results not only illustrate the practical utility of deep learning in tropical cyclone track prediction but also provide new, effective tools for disaster prevention and mitigation efforts.
在本研究中,我们利用深度学习技术对热带气旋路径预测进行了全面综合测试,旨在提高预测方法的效率和准确性。我们采用了中国气象局热带气旋数据中心的最佳路径数据集,该数据集覆盖了西北太平洋地区从1949年到2023年的数据。该数据集覆盖范围全面,包括热带气旋的关键细节,如时间、纬度、经度和风速。我们的重点是评估和比较不同的深度学习模型,包括递归神经网络(RNN)、长短期记忆网络(LSTM)和门控递归单元(GRU),以了解它们在处理复杂时间序列数据方面的有效性。通过详细分析各种模型配置,包括输入输出长度、隐藏大小、层数、双向网络的实现和注意机制等因素,我们发现 LSTM 和 GRU 模型在处理长期依赖性和提高预测准确性方面明显优于传统的 RNN 模型。此外,利用 LSTM 模型预报 2023 年太平洋热带气旋季节的主要热带气旋时,台风 "玛娃"、"杜苏芮 "和 "莎奥拉 "的平均误差分别为 21.84 千米、37.56 千米和 26.12 千米。该方法在快速应对极端天气变化方面也表现出很高的效率,处理每个热带气旋的预报仅需 8 秒左右。这些结果不仅说明了深度学习在热带气旋路径预测中的实用性,也为防灾减灾工作提供了新的有效工具。
{"title":"Deep learning approaches in predicting tropical cyclone tracks: An analysis focused on the Northwest Pacific Region","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we conducted a comprehensive and integrated test of tropical cyclone track prediction using deep learning technologies, aiming to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of the prediction methods. We employed the Best Track dataset from the China Meteorological Administration's Tropical Cyclone Data Center, which covers the Northwest Pacific region from 1949 to 2023. This dataset provides comprehensive coverage, encompassing critical tropical cyclone details like time, latitude, longitude, and wind speed. Our focus was on evaluating and comparing different deep learning models, including Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), for their effectiveness in handling complex time series data. Through detailed analysis of various model configurations, including factors such as input-output lengths, hidden size, the number of layers, the implementation of bi-directional networks, and attention mechanisms, we discovered that LSTM and GRU models significantly outperform traditional RNN models in dealing with long-term dependencies and enhancing prediction accuracy. Moreover, the LSTM model, used to forecast key tropical cyclones during the 2023 Pacific tropical cyclone season, achieved mean errors of 21.84 km, 37.56 km, and 26.12 km for Typhoons Mawar, Doksuri, and Saola, respectively. This method also demonstrated high efficiency in rapid response to extreme weather changes, processing each tropical cyclone's forecast in just about 8 s. The results not only illustrate the practical utility of deep learning in tropical cyclone track prediction but also provide new, effective tools for disaster prevention and mitigation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Storm surge modelling along European coastlines: The effect of the spatio-temporal resolution of the atmospheric forcing 欧洲海岸线风暴潮模型:大气强迫的时空分辨率的影响
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102432

The spatio-temporal resolution of atmospheric forcing plays a key role in the accuracy of simulated storm surges with hydrodynamic numerical models. Here, we generate five hydrodynamic hindcasts of coastal storm surges along the European Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea coasts, forced with atmospheric fields of varying temporal (hourly and daily) and spatial (0.25° to 2°) resolution since 1940. Our results, that are validated with insitu tide gauge observations, show that storm surges obtained with daily forcing underestimate the magnitude of coastal extreme sea level events by up to 50% compared to hourly simulations and observations. Nevertheless, low-resolution simulations capture the temporal variability of storm surges, including strong episodes. Furthermore, taking advantage of the consistent set of coastal storm surge hindcasts, we demonstrate that storm surges forced with daily mean atmospheric fields, when bias corrected via quantile mapping, provide accurate values of daily maxima as calculated by a high-resolution hindcast. This transformation paves the way to obtain daily maxima storm surge estimates from low-resolution atmospheric fields, as those typically provided by large-scale and global climate models, at a lower computational cost.

大气强迫的时空分辨率对水力数值模式模拟风暴潮的准确性起着关键作用。在这里,我们利用 1940 年以来不同时空分辨率(每小时和每天)和空间分辨率(0.25° 到 2°)的大气场,对欧洲大西洋和地中海沿岸的风暴潮进行了五次流体力学后报。通过现场验潮仪观测验证的结果表明,与每小时的模拟和观测结果相比,用每日强迫法获得的风暴潮低估了沿海极端海平面事件的严重程度,低估幅度高达 50%。然而,低分辨率模拟捕捉到了风暴潮的时间变化,包括强风暴潮。此外,利用一致的沿岸风暴潮后报数据集,我们证明了用日平均大气场强迫风暴潮,通过量子图进行偏差校正后,可以得到高分辨率后报计算的日最大值的精确值。这种转换为从低分辨率大气场(通常由大尺度和全球气候模式提供)获取风暴潮日最大值估算值铺平了道路,而且计算成本较低。
{"title":"Storm surge modelling along European coastlines: The effect of the spatio-temporal resolution of the atmospheric forcing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spatio-temporal resolution of atmospheric forcing plays a key role in the accuracy of simulated storm surges with hydrodynamic numerical models. Here, we generate five hydrodynamic hindcasts of coastal storm surges along the European Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea coasts, forced with atmospheric fields of varying temporal (hourly and daily) and spatial (0.25<span><math><mo>°</mo></math></span> to 2<span><math><mo>°</mo></math></span>) resolution since 1940. Our results, that are validated with insitu tide gauge observations, show that storm surges obtained with daily forcing underestimate the magnitude of coastal extreme sea level events by up to 50% compared to hourly simulations and observations. Nevertheless, low-resolution simulations capture the temporal variability of storm surges, including strong episodes. Furthermore, taking advantage of the consistent set of coastal storm surge hindcasts, we demonstrate that storm surges forced with daily mean atmospheric fields, when bias corrected via quantile mapping, provide accurate values of daily maxima as calculated by a high-resolution hindcast. This transformation paves the way to obtain daily maxima storm surge estimates from low-resolution atmospheric fields, as those typically provided by large-scale and global climate models, at a lower computational cost.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1463500324001197/pdfft?md5=369ebad2817cdd4ef1ab796bdc13ed68&pid=1-s2.0-S1463500324001197-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of shallow water bathymetry on swash and surf zone modeled by SWASH 浅水水深对 SWASH 模拟的冲刷和冲浪区的影响
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102440

Submerged topography in shallow waters is fundamental in the propagation and dissipation of ocean waves in the surf and swash zones. However, obtaining accurate bathymetric data in this region is challenging due to the high temporal and spatial environmental variability. The bottom boundary condition can directly affect the accuracy of numerical models used for shallow water simulations. In this study, the performance of the SWASH numerical model in describing wave runup in the swash zone is assessed using different bathymetric boundary conditions. The first method involves using data measured in the surf zone obtained by a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), and analyzing it using the cBathy algorithm. The second method utilizes a regular bathymetric mesh generated from Dean’s equilibrium profile combined with beach topography data. The third method relies exclusively on interpolation methods using data from deep waters and beach profiles. This interpolation approach is the most used among SWASH users when detailed or updated surf zone bathymetry is unavailable. Based on the numerical simulations performed, not incorporating data from the surf zone resulted in a 4% increase in the runup estimated and approximately a 2% difference in identifying the swash zone position. The method to obtain bathymetry through the cBathy algorithm, used in this article, is cost-effective and can be used to reduce uncertainties in surf zone numerical simulations, induced by the lack of knowledge about the bottom conditions.

浅水区的水下地形是海浪在冲浪区和斜冲区传播和消散的基础。然而,由于时空环境变化大,在这一区域获取准确的测深数据具有挑战性。海底边界条件会直接影响用于浅水模拟的数值模型的精度。在本研究中,使用不同的水深边界条件评估了 SWASH 数值模型在描述斜流区内波浪上升时的性能。第一种方法是使用无人机(UAV)在冲浪区测量的数据,并使用 cBathy 算法进行分析。第二种方法是利用迪恩平衡剖面与海滩地形数据相结合生成的规则测深网格。第三种方法完全依赖于使用深水和海滩剖面数据的插值方法。当没有详细或最新的冲浪区水深测量数据时,SWASH 用户最常使用这种插值方法。根据所进行的数值模拟,如果不采用冲浪区的数据,估算的上升流速会增加 4%,在确定漩涡区位置方面的差异约为 2%。本文采用的 cBathy 算法获取测深数据的方法具有成本效益,可用于减少冲浪区数值模拟中因缺乏海底条件知识而产生的不确定性。
{"title":"The effect of shallow water bathymetry on swash and surf zone modeled by SWASH","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Submerged topography in shallow waters is fundamental in the propagation and dissipation of ocean waves in the surf and swash zones. However, obtaining accurate bathymetric data in this region is challenging due to the high temporal and spatial environmental variability. The bottom boundary condition can directly affect the accuracy of numerical models used for shallow water simulations. In this study, the performance of the SWASH numerical model in describing wave runup in the swash zone is assessed using different bathymetric boundary conditions. The first method involves using data measured in the surf zone obtained by a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), and analyzing it using the cBathy algorithm. The second method utilizes a regular bathymetric mesh generated from Dean’s equilibrium profile combined with beach topography data. The third method relies exclusively on interpolation methods using data from deep waters and beach profiles. This interpolation approach is the most used among SWASH users when detailed or updated surf zone bathymetry is unavailable. Based on the numerical simulations performed, not incorporating data from the surf zone resulted in a 4% increase in the runup estimated and approximately a 2% difference in identifying the swash zone position. The method to obtain bathymetry through the cBathy algorithm, used in this article, is cost-effective and can be used to reduce uncertainties in surf zone numerical simulations, induced by the lack of knowledge about the bottom conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Explainable AI in lengthening ENSO prediction from western north pacific precursor 西北太平洋前兆对厄尔尼诺/南方涛动预测延长的可解释人工智能
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102431

In this short communication, we report initial success in utilizing existing Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methodology to investigate an emerging precursor of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), manifest as sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the Western North Pacific (WNP), and its impact on enhancing ENSO prediction accuracy. Our analysis reveals that integrating WNP SSTA with established XAI techniques significantly increases the predictability of ENSO states. We found marked improvement in prediction accuracy, from a 60 % baseline to over 85 % for forecasting moderate warm, cold, and neutral ENSO states one year ahead. For higher magnitude events, precision surpasses 90 %. This work, intended as a follow-up to recent studies, underscores the potential of augmenting emerging XAI with additional SST signals to advance long-term climate forecasting capabilities.

在这篇短文中,我们报告了利用现有的可解释人工智能(XAI)方法研究厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)新出现的前兆(表现为北太平洋西部(WNP)的海面温度异常(SSTA))及其对提高 ENSO 预测准确性的影响所取得的初步成功。我们的分析表明,将 WNP SSTA 与成熟的 XAI 技术相结合可显著提高 ENSO 状态的可预测性。我们发现预测准确率有了明显提高,在预测一年前的中度暖、冷和中性厄尔尼诺/南方涛动状态时,预测准确率从 60% 的基线提高到 85% 以上。对于更大规模的事件,预测精度超过了 90%。这项工作是近期研究的后续,它强调了利用额外的 SST 信号增强新兴 XAI 的潜力,以提高长期气候预测能力。
{"title":"Explainable AI in lengthening ENSO prediction from western north pacific precursor","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this short communication, we report initial success in utilizing existing Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methodology to investigate an emerging precursor of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), manifest as sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the Western North Pacific (WNP), and its impact on enhancing ENSO prediction accuracy. Our analysis reveals that integrating WNP SSTA with established XAI techniques significantly increases the predictability of ENSO states. We found marked improvement in prediction accuracy, from a 60 % baseline to over 85 % for forecasting moderate warm, cold, and neutral ENSO states one year ahead. For higher magnitude events, precision surpasses 90 %. This work, intended as a follow-up to recent studies, underscores the potential of augmenting emerging XAI with additional SST signals to advance long-term climate forecasting capabilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142240421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On warm bias and mesoscale dynamics setting the Southern Ocean large-scale circulation mean state 关于南大洋大尺度环流平均状态的暖偏差和中尺度动力学设定
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102426

A realistic representation of the Southern Ocean (SO) in climate models is critical for reliable global climate projections. However, many models are still facing severe biases in this region. Using a fully coupled global climate model at non-eddying (1/2) and strongly eddying (1/10) grid resolution in the SO, we investigate the effect of a 0.5 °C, 1.0 °C and 1.6 °C warmer than observed SO on i) the spin-up behaviour of the high-resolution simulation, and ii) the representation of main dynamical features, i.e., the Antarctic circumpolar current (ACC), the subpolar gyres, the overturning circulation and the Agulhas regime in a quasi-equilibrium state. The adjustment of SO dynamics and hydrography critically depends on the initial state and grid resolution. When initialised with an observed ocean state, only the non-eddying configuration quickly builds up a strong warm bias in the SO. The high-resolution configuration initialised with the biased non-eddying model state results in immense spurious open ocean deep convection, as the biased ocean state is not stable at eddying resolution, and thus causes an undesirable imprint on global circulation. The SO heat content also affects the large-scale dynamics in both low- and high-resolution configurations. A warmer SO is associated with a stronger Agulhas current and a temperature-driven reduction of the meridional density gradient at 45S to 65S and thus a weaker ACC. The eddying simulations have stronger subpolar gyres under warmer conditions while the response in the non-eddying simulations is inconsistent. In general, SO dynamics are more realistically represented in a mesoscale-resolving model at the cost of requiring an own spin-up.

在气候模式中真实再现南大洋(SO)对于可靠的全球气候预测至关重要。然而,许多模式在这一区域仍面临严重偏差。利用南大洋无漩涡(1/2∘)和强漩涡(1/10∘)网格分辨率的全耦合全球气候模式,我们研究了比观测到的南大洋温度高 0.5 ℃、1.0 ℃ 和 1.6 ℃ 对以下方面的影响:i) 高分辨率模拟的自旋行为;ii) 主要动力学特征的代表性,即南极环极洋流(ACC)、副极地涡旋、倾覆环流和阿古哈斯系统处于准平衡状态。SO 动力学和水文地理学的调整主要取决于初始状态和网格分辨率。当以观测到的海洋状态进行初始化时,只有非漩涡配置能迅速在 SO 中建立起强烈的暖偏差。用有偏差的非漩涡模式状态初始化的高分辨率配置会产生大量虚假的开阔洋深层对流,因为有偏差的海洋状态在漩涡分辨率下并不稳定,因此会对全球环流造成不良影响。SO 热量含量也会影响低分辨率和高分辨率配置下的大尺度动力学。较暖的 SO 与较强的阿古哈斯洋流和温度驱动的 45∘S 至 65∘S 经向密度梯度的减小有关,从而减弱了 ACC。在较暖条件下,漩涡模拟的副极地涡旋更强,而非漩涡模拟的反应则不一致。一般来说,中尺度分辨率模式能更真实地反映 SO 动力,但代价是需要自旋。
{"title":"On warm bias and mesoscale dynamics setting the Southern Ocean large-scale circulation mean state","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A realistic representation of the Southern Ocean (SO) in climate models is critical for reliable global climate projections. However, many models are still facing severe biases in this region. Using a fully coupled global climate model at non-eddying (1/2<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>) and strongly eddying (1/10<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>) grid resolution in the SO, we investigate the effect of a 0.5 °C, 1.0 °C and 1.6 °C warmer than observed SO on i) the spin-up behaviour of the high-resolution simulation, and ii) the representation of main dynamical features, i.e., the Antarctic circumpolar current (ACC), the subpolar gyres, the overturning circulation and the Agulhas regime in a quasi-equilibrium state. The adjustment of SO dynamics and hydrography critically depends on the initial state and grid resolution. When initialised with an observed ocean state, only the non-eddying configuration quickly builds up a strong warm bias in the SO. The high-resolution configuration initialised with the biased non-eddying model state results in immense spurious open ocean deep convection, as the biased ocean state is not stable at eddying resolution, and thus causes an undesirable imprint on global circulation. The SO heat content also affects the large-scale dynamics in both low- and high-resolution configurations. A warmer SO is associated with a stronger Agulhas current and a temperature-driven reduction of the meridional density gradient at 45<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>S to 65<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>S and thus a weaker ACC. The eddying simulations have stronger subpolar gyres under warmer conditions while the response in the non-eddying simulations is inconsistent. In general, SO dynamics are more realistically represented in a mesoscale-resolving model at the cost of requiring an own spin-up.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1463500324001136/pdfft?md5=c824446514c61f0a304b3c0a1852f65a&pid=1-s2.0-S1463500324001136-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hierarchical stacked spatiotemporal self-attention network for sea surface temperature forecasting 用于海面温度预报的分层堆叠时空自关注网络
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102427

Sea surface temperature (SST) is a highly complex spatiotemporal variable, which stems from its susceptibility to non-linear dynamical processes and substantial spatiotemporal variability. In particular, accurately forecasting small-scale SST is a formidable challenge due to the compounded effects of diverse physical processes spanning across various scales. In this study, we employ deep learning methods to mine the ocean’s evolutionary patterns, as the ocean’s dynamic mechanisms are inherently embedded in spatiotemporal data. We propose a hierarchical stacked spatiotemporal self-attention mechanism (HSSSA) network architecture. The hierarchical stacked encoder–decoder architecture provides the capability for feature fusion and extraction at different scales. The spatial self-attention and temporal self-attention modules simultaneously focus on information from different spatial locations and time steps, allowing the exploration of spatiotemporal patterns in the complex dynamics of the ocean. The experiments are conducted on a high-resolution East China Sea dataset (1/10°×1/10°) to demonstrate the forecast performance of the proposed model for refined ocean variables. The 15-day forecasts indicate that the HSSSA method outperforms the EOF-ARIMA and CNN-Transformer methods.

海面温度(SST)是一个高度复杂的时空变量,这是因为它容易受到非线性动力学过程和巨大时空变化的影响。特别是,由于跨越不同尺度的各种物理过程的复合效应,准确预报小尺度 SST 是一项艰巨的挑战。在本研究中,我们采用深度学习方法来挖掘海洋的演化模式,因为海洋的动态机制本质上蕴含在时空数据中。我们提出了分层堆叠时空自关注机制(HSSSA)网络架构。分层堆叠的编码器-解码器架构提供了在不同尺度上进行特征融合和提取的能力。空间自注意和时间自注意模块同时关注来自不同空间位置和时间步长的信息,从而能够探索海洋复杂动态中的时空模式。在高分辨率东海数据集(1/10°×1/10°)上进行了实验,以证明所提模型对精细海洋变量的预报性能。15 天的预报结果表明,HSSSA 方法优于 EOF-ARIMA 和 CNN-Transformer 方法。
{"title":"Hierarchical stacked spatiotemporal self-attention network for sea surface temperature forecasting","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sea surface temperature (SST) is a highly complex spatiotemporal variable, which stems from its susceptibility to non-linear dynamical processes and substantial spatiotemporal variability. In particular, accurately forecasting small-scale SST is a formidable challenge due to the compounded effects of diverse physical processes spanning across various scales. In this study, we employ deep learning methods to mine the ocean’s evolutionary patterns, as the ocean’s dynamic mechanisms are inherently embedded in spatiotemporal data. We propose a hierarchical stacked spatiotemporal self-attention mechanism (HSSSA) network architecture. The hierarchical stacked encoder–decoder architecture provides the capability for feature fusion and extraction at different scales. The spatial self-attention and temporal self-attention modules simultaneously focus on information from different spatial locations and time steps, allowing the exploration of spatiotemporal patterns in the complex dynamics of the ocean. The experiments are conducted on a high-resolution East China Sea dataset (<span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>°</mo><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>) to demonstrate the forecast performance of the proposed model for refined ocean variables. The 15-day forecasts indicate that the HSSSA method outperforms the EOF-ARIMA and CNN-Transformer methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dependence of dense filament frontogenesis in a hydrostatic model 流体静力学模型中密集细丝锋生成的依赖性
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102429

In this study, a hydrostatic model - the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) is used to analyze the temporal evolution of a cold filament under moderate wind (along / cross filament) and surface cooling forcing conditions. The experimental framework adhered to the setup used in large eddy simulations by Sulllivan and McWilliams (2018). For each forcing scenario, the impact of horizontal resolutions is systematically explored through varies model resolutions of 100 m, 50 m, and 20 m; and the influence of horizontal mixing is investigated by adjusting the Smagorinsky constant within the Smagorinsky horizontal mixing scheme. The role of surface gravity waves is also assessed by conducting experiments both with and without surface wave forcing.

The outcomes of our study revealed that while the hydrostatic model is able to predict the correct characteristics/physical appearance of filament frontogenesis, it fails to capture the precise dynamics of the phenomenon. Horizontal mixing parameterization in the model was found to have marginal effect on frontogenesis, and the frontal arrest is controlled by the model's subgrid-scale artificial regularization procedure instead of horizontal shear instability. Consequently, higher resolution is corresponding to stronger frontogenesis in the model. Thus, whether the hydrostatic model can produce realistic magnitude of frontogenesis is purely dependent on the characteristic of the front/filament simulated and model resolution. Moreover, examination of the parameterized effect of surface gravity wave forcing through vertical mixing unveiled a limited impact on frontogenesis, suggesting that the parameterization falls short in representing the real physics of wave-front interaction.

在这项研究中,使用了一个静力学模型--海军沿岸海洋模型(NCOM)来分析冷丝在中等风力(沿丝/横丝)和表面冷却强迫条件下的时间演化。实验框架沿用了 Sulllivan 和 McWilliams(2018 年)在大漩涡模拟中使用的设置。对于每种强迫情景,通过 100 米、50 米和 20 米的不同模型分辨率,系统地探索了水平分辨率的影响;通过调整 Smagorinsky 水平混合方案中的 Smagorinsky 常量,研究了水平混合的影响。我们的研究结果表明,虽然静力学模型能够预测丝状锋面发生的正确特征/物理外观,但却无法捕捉到该现象的精确动力学特征。研究发现,模型中的水平混合参数化对锋面生成的影响微乎其微,锋面停滞受控于模型的亚网格尺度人工正则化程序,而非水平切变不稳定性。因此,分辨率越高,模型中的锋面生成越强。因此,静力模型能否产生真实的锋面生成,完全取决于模拟锋面/锋丝的特征和模型分辨率。此外,对通过垂直混合产生的地表重力波的参数化效应的研究表明,它对锋面生成的影响有限,这表明参数化在表现波锋相互作用的真实物理过程方面存在不足。
{"title":"Dependence of dense filament frontogenesis in a hydrostatic model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a hydrostatic model - the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) is used to analyze the temporal evolution of a cold filament under moderate wind (along / cross filament) and surface cooling forcing conditions. The experimental framework adhered to the setup used in large eddy simulations by Sulllivan and McWilliams (2018). For each forcing scenario, the impact of horizontal resolutions is systematically explored through varies model resolutions of 100 m, 50 m, and 20 m; and the influence of horizontal mixing is investigated by adjusting the Smagorinsky constant within the Smagorinsky horizontal mixing scheme. The role of surface gravity waves is also assessed by conducting experiments both with and without surface wave forcing.</p><p>The outcomes of our study revealed that while the hydrostatic model is able to predict the correct characteristics/physical appearance of filament frontogenesis, it fails to capture the precise dynamics of the phenomenon. Horizontal mixing parameterization in the model was found to have marginal effect on frontogenesis, and the frontal arrest is controlled by the model's subgrid-scale artificial regularization procedure instead of horizontal shear instability. Consequently, higher resolution is corresponding to stronger frontogenesis in the model. Thus, whether the hydrostatic model can produce realistic magnitude of frontogenesis is purely dependent on the characteristic of the front/filament simulated and model resolution. Moreover, examination of the parameterized effect of surface gravity wave forcing through vertical mixing unveiled a limited impact on frontogenesis, suggesting that the parameterization falls short in representing the real physics of wave-front interaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1463500324001161/pdfft?md5=9775941fed94aa12d3c2c40130b3625f&pid=1-s2.0-S1463500324001161-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142137410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A boundary perturbation approach for regional wave ensemble forecast 区域波浪集合预报的边界扰动方法
IF 3.1 3区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102428

In this study, we developed and validated two wave ensemble prediction systems (WEPS) to forecast wave conditions along the southeastern coast of Australia. Using the SWAN model (GEN3 ST6), we integrated complex bathymetric features with an unstructured grid and validated model outputs against buoy observations from Sydney, Port Kembla, and Batemans Bay. The two WEPS, SWAN-WW3 and SWAN-Pert, utilize different methodologies: SWAN-WW3 derives boundary conditions from NCEP’s Global Wave Ensemble System, while SWAN-Pert employs Latin Hypercube Sampling for boundary perturbations based on historical data. Our results demonstrate that both systems effectively predict significant wave height (Hs), with SWAN-Pert showing improved forecast accuracy in certain metrics compared to SWAN-WW3. Despite underdispersion in spread-skill diagrams, both WEPS exhibited good agreement with observed data. Additionally, rank histograms revealed that SWAN-Pert is more reliable at shorter lead times. This study highlights the potential of integrating statistical sampling methods and ensemble systems for enhancing regional wave forecasting accuracy.

在这项研究中,我们开发并验证了两个波浪集合预报系统 (WEPS),用于预报澳大利亚东南沿海的波浪状况。利用 SWAN 模型(GEN3 ST6),我们将复杂的测深特征与非结构化网格整合在一起,并根据悉尼、肯布拉港和贝特曼斯湾的浮标观测结果对模型输出进行了验证。SWAN-WW3 和 SWAN-Pert 这两个 WEPS 采用了不同的方法:SWAN-WW3 的边界条件来自 NCEP 的全球波浪集合系统,而 SWAN-Pert 则根据历史数据对边界扰动进行拉丁超立方采样。我们的研究结果表明,两种系统都能有效预测显著波高(Hs),与 SWAN-WW3 相比,SWAN-Pert 在某些指标上的预测精度有所提高。尽管在传播技能图中出现了分散不足的情况,但两个波高预报系统与观测数据都表现出了良好的一致性。此外,等级直方图显示,SWAN-Pert 在较短的准备时间内更为可靠。这项研究凸显了将统计采样方法与集合系统相结合,提高区域波浪预报精度的潜力。
{"title":"A boundary perturbation approach for regional wave ensemble forecast","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocemod.2024.102428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we developed and validated two wave ensemble prediction systems (WEPS) to forecast wave conditions along the southeastern coast of Australia. Using the SWAN model (GEN3 ST6), we integrated complex bathymetric features with an unstructured grid and validated model outputs against buoy observations from Sydney, Port Kembla, and Batemans Bay. The two WEPS, SWAN-WW3 and SWAN-Pert, utilize different methodologies: SWAN-WW3 derives boundary conditions from NCEP’s Global Wave Ensemble System, while SWAN-Pert employs Latin Hypercube Sampling for boundary perturbations based on historical data. Our results demonstrate that both systems effectively predict significant wave height (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), with SWAN-Pert showing improved forecast accuracy in certain metrics compared to SWAN-WW3. Despite underdispersion in spread-skill diagrams, both WEPS exhibited good agreement with observed data. Additionally, rank histograms revealed that SWAN-Pert is more reliable at shorter lead times. This study highlights the potential of integrating statistical sampling methods and ensemble systems for enhancing regional wave forecasting accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19457,"journal":{"name":"Ocean Modelling","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142087313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Ocean Modelling
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1