Ocean Modelling最新文献_第7页

Shelf-wide circulation impacts the flushing time of coastal bays 大陆架环流影响海岸海湾的冲刷时间

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102603

Junwei Hua , Jiabi Du , Kyeong Park

Once exiting an estuary into the shelf, transport and retention of materials are subject to the shelf dynamics, and sometimes the deep ocean dynamics. However, the impact of the deep ocean is rarely considered in previous coastal modeling studies, as coastal models typically have a fine resolution only for the coastal region and the domain rarely extends beyond the shelf (depth <200 m). This study demonstrates the role of deep and shelf ocean circulation on the flushing of estuarine bays. With a cross-scale and well-calibrated ocean model for the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (Coarse Small Model) and another one for the entire Gulf of Mexico (Refined Large Model), we examine the flushing time for Galveston Bay through Lagrangian particle-tracking simulations. Both models have similar results regarding salinity and currents near the coast, but Coarse Small Model persistently overestimates/underestimates the flushing time during winter/summer, respectively, compared to Refined Large Model. Analysis of sea surface height and geostrophic currents suggests that Coarse Small Model’s inability to capture the deep ocean synoptic circulations leads to the overestimations of estuarine materials’ retention on the inner shelf and unrealistic flushing time for coastal bays during winter. By increasing the resolution in the deep Gulf from 10 to 5 km, Refined Small Model produces results similar to Refined Large Model. This study highlights the role of shelf and deep ocean dynamics on exchange between estuarine bays and coastal ocean and emphasizes the importance of resolving the shelf-wide dynamics in models focusing on estuarine and coastal waters.

一旦从河口进入陆架，物质的运输和滞留就会受到陆架动力学的影响，有时也会受到深海动力学的影响。然而，以往的海岸模式研究很少考虑深海的影响，因为海岸模式通常只对沿海区域具有较好的分辨率，而且区域很少延伸到大陆架（深度<；200 m）之外。本研究论证了深海环流和陆架环流对河口湾冲淤的作用。利用墨西哥湾西北部的跨尺度和校准良好的海洋模型（粗小模型）和整个墨西哥湾的另一个模型（精细大模型），我们通过拉格朗日粒子跟踪模拟研究了加尔维斯顿湾的冲刷时间。关于海岸附近的盐度和水流，两种模式都有相似的结果，但与精细大模式相比，粗小模式分别持续高估/低估了冬季/夏季的冲刷时间。对海面高度和地转流的分析表明，由于粗小模式无法捕捉深海天气环流，导致对河口物质在内陆架上的滞留量估计过高，对沿海海湾冬季的冲刷时间估计不现实。通过将深海湾的分辨率从10公里提高到5公里，精细小模式产生的结果与精细大模式相似。本研究强调了陆架和深海动力学在河口湾和沿海海洋交换中的作用，并强调了在以河口和沿海水域为重点的模式中解决陆架范围动力学的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning-based intelligent parameterization of source functions in numerical wave model 数值波模型中基于机器学习的源函数智能参数化

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102602

Fuhua Huang , Zeyu Wang , Longyu Jiang , Feng Hua

In recent years, although the application of machine learning in parameterizing complex marine physical processes has gradually become widespread, most of the existing studies rely on statistically correlated parameter selection methods for neural network construction and lack physical support. This study proposed a physics-guided neural network parameterization method combining physical feature selection and data-driven modeling. By integrating source function parameterization equations (wind input, wave breaking dissipation, wave-wave nonlinear interactions) from the MASNUM-WAM physical framework into the feature engineering of a backpropagation neural network (BPNN), a physically guided parameterization model was developed. The experiments show that the three major source functions exhibit excellent prediction performance (R²>0.95, RMSE<0.09, BIAS between -0.02 and 0.05), with stable results across multi-test points. Then, a new directional wave spectra prediction model was developed using the prediction results. Directional wave spectra predictions show strong consistency with MASNUM-WAM (COR>0.92, RMSE<0.09 m²s, |BIAS|≤0.03 m²s). Spectral integration parameters achieve high accuracy: significant wave height (RMSE≤0.477 m), mean wave direction (RMSE≤1.010°), and mean wave period (0.203 s≤RMSE≤0.247 s). Feature importance analysis reveals that wave breaking dissipation contributes most substantially to directional wave spectra prediction accuracy, while initial conditions, wave-wave nonlinear interaction, wind field components exhibit variable influence, and wind input term maintains a minor but consistent role. This physics-guided approach retains data-driven advantages while enhancing model reliability and computational efficiency, offering a new pathway for parametric research in ocean wave simulation.

近年来，虽然机器学习在参数化复杂海洋物理过程中的应用逐渐广泛，但现有的研究大多依赖于统计相关的参数选择方法来构建神经网络，缺乏物理支持。提出了一种结合物理特征选择和数据驱动建模的物理导向神经网络参数化方法。通过将MASNUM-WAM物理框架中的源函数参数化方程（风输入、破波耗散、波-波非线性相互作用）整合到反向传播神经网络（BPNN）的特征工程中，建立了物理导向的参数化模型。实验表明，三个主要的源函数具有良好的预测性能（R²>0.95, RMSE<0.09， BIAS在-0.02 ~ 0.05之间），并且在多个测试点上结果稳定。然后，利用预测结果建立了一种新的定向波谱预测模型。方向波谱预测结果与masnu - wam具有较强的一致性（COR>0.92, RMSE<0.09 m²s, |BIAS|≤0.03 m²s）。光谱积分参数精度较高：有效波高（RMSE≤0.477 m）、平均波向（RMSE≤1.010°）、平均波周期（0.203 s≤RMSE≤0.247 s）。特征重要性分析表明，破波耗散对定向波谱预测精度的影响最大，初始条件、波波非线性相互作用、风场分量的影响是变化的，风输入项的影响较小，但作用一致。该方法在保持数据驱动优势的同时，提高了模型可靠性和计算效率，为海浪模拟参数化研究提供了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a 3D unstructured grid model for the New York-New Jersey Harbor under different forcing sources 不同强迫源下纽约-新泽西港三维非结构网格模型评价

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102598

Kyungmin Park , Y. Joseph Zhang , Emanuele Di Lorenzo , Gregory Seroka , Ayumi Fujisaki-Manome , Shachak Pe'eri , Saeed Moghimi , John G.W. Kelley

This paper presents an in-depth evaluation of a 3D unstructured grid model under various forcing sources, with a focus on the New York-New Jersey (NY-NJ) harbor. The model is first calibrated and evaluated through control runs, ensuring it accurately captures essential processes around the NY/NJ harbor. The sensitivity experiments highlight the significant roles and contributions of different forcing sources in coastal ocean conditions such as total water level, currents, salinity, and water temperature. Different tidal forcings, including FES2014, TPXO9 v1, and TPXO9 v5, show significant effects on tidal components, total water levels, currents, and water temperature, with minimal impact on salinity. Surface forcings from the HRRR, ERA5, and GFS demonstrate variable influences on water temperature predictions, while total water level, currents, and salinity are less sensitive to the different atmospheric forcing sources. Different open ocean conditions from CMEMS, HYCOM, and GRTOFS exhibited minor impacts on hydrodynamic variables in the inland rivers and estuaries but noticeably affected ocean surface currents and vertical structures of water temperature on the continental shelf. Different river discharges from USGS and NWM show high sensitivities of salinities and upstream water levels while shelf-scale ocean currents and vertical structures of water temperatures are similar across the different river discharges. The findings emphasize the necessity of selecting optimal forcing sources to minimize uncertainties and enhance predictive capabilities, supporting better decision-making in coastal management and hazard mitigation.

本文以纽约-新泽西（NY-NJ）港为例，对不同强迫源下的三维非结构化网格模型进行了深入评估。该模型首先通过控制运行进行校准和评估，确保它准确捕获NY/NJ港口周围的基本过程。敏感性实验强调了不同强迫源在总水位、海流、盐度和水温等沿海海洋条件下的重要作用和贡献。FES2014、TPXO9 v1和TPXO9 v5对潮分量、总水位、水流和水温的影响显著，对盐度的影响最小。来自HRRR、ERA5和GFS的地表强迫对水温预测的影响是可变的，而总水位、海流和盐度对不同大气强迫源的敏感性较低。CMEMS、HYCOM和GRTOFS的不同开放海洋条件对内陆河和河口水动力变量的影响较小，但对海流和大陆架水温垂直结构的影响较大。USGS和NWM的不同河流流量对盐度和上游水位具有很高的敏感性，而不同河流流量的大陆架尺度洋流和水温垂直结构相似。研究结果强调了选择最佳强迫源的必要性，以尽量减少不确定性并增强预测能力，从而支持在沿海管理和减灾方面做出更好的决策。

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引用次数: 0

Revisiting tidal rectification by bottom topography 从底部地形再看潮汐整流

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102587

Logueminda Sabaga , Yves Morel , Nadia Ayoub , Patrick Marsaleix , Hoavo Hova , Alexis Chaigneau

Tidal rectification plays a key role in controlling mean transport in coastal areas and coast-basin material exchange. To calculate mean flows, conventional approaches require high-resolution basin-scale numerical simulations which demands substantial computational resources. This study revisits tidal rectification governed by topographic variation and bottom friction, and proposes a new analytical solution.

The first step is to derive solutions in the simplest possible configuration. We thus revisit solutions in one-dimensional (1D) configurations, using a Lagrangian approach from which Eulerian results are derived. Exact solutions are provided for the frictionless case and new approximate solutions are developed for a more realistic quadratic bottom friction.

We then analyze the influence of viscosity on solutions from numerical models. We find that the latter has moderate influence when quadratic bottom friction is considered. However, when the steady rectified current extends over regions deeper than a critical depth, viscosity can lead to spurious effects and alter the accuracy of the numerical results. We show the critical depth can be expressed as a function of friction coefficient, tidal flux and topography variation length-scale.

We finally extend the analytical solutions derived for the 1D case to the two-dimensional (2D) case. The 2D solutions are compared to results from an ocean general circulation model solving the full barotropic equations in an academic configuration with a complex topography and a quadratic bottom friction. Comparison between analytical solutions and numerical simulations shows good agreement for both the magnitude and direction of the steady rectified tidal current. Sensitivity tests to bottom friction and tide amplitude show that the steady rectified current is parallel to the isobaths and independent of the magnitude of the bottom friction coefficient at first order.

潮汐整流在控制沿海地区平均输运和海岸-盆地物质交换中起着关键作用。为了计算平均流量，传统的方法需要高分辨率的流域尺度数值模拟，这需要大量的计算资源。本文重新研究了地形变化和海底摩擦对潮汐整流的影响，并提出了一种新的解析解。第一步是在尽可能简单的配置中推导解。因此，我们重新审视一维（1D）构型的解决方案，使用拉格朗日方法，从欧拉结果推导。给出了无摩擦情况下的精确解，并给出了更为实际的二次底摩擦情况下的近似解。然后通过数值模型分析了粘度对溶液的影响。当考虑二次底摩擦时，后者的影响较小。然而，当稳定整流电流延伸到超过临界深度的区域时，粘度会导致虚假效应并改变数值结果的准确性。结果表明，临界深度可以表示为摩擦系数、潮汐通量和地形变化长度尺度的函数。最后，我们将一维情况下的解析解扩展到二维（2D）情况。将二维解与海洋环流模型在复杂地形和二次底摩擦条件下求解全正压方程的结果进行了比较。解析解与数值模拟结果的比较表明，稳态整流潮流的大小和方向符合较好。对底摩擦和潮汐幅值的敏感性试验表明，稳定整流电流平行于等深线，与一阶底摩擦系数的大小无关。

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引用次数: 0

Characteristics and trends of ocean turbulent mixing models research in 1990–2023 based on bibliometric analysis 基于文献计量分析的1990-2023年海洋湍流混合模式研究特征与趋势

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102595

Yanhong Wei , Jinping Wang

Ocean turbulent mixing models (OTMMs) have become a popular research topic in recent years, and numerous related research papers have been published. Here, a bibliometric method was utilized to analyze 8411 papers from the Web of Science published from 1990 to 2023 and provide a comprehensive overview based on metrics, including the total publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and subject categories. The results revealed the following. (1) The number of published papers increased gradually, with the USA and China being the main research countries. However, citations per paper in China only accounted for 17.6 %, indicating that there is considerable room for improvement. Seven institutions with a citation per paper rate exceeding 50 % were from the USA, indicating its absolute authority and influence in this field. (2) Astrophysical Journal, Astronomy & Astrophysics, and Geophysical Research Letters were the core journals; Qiao Fangli, Xue Ming, and Madec Gurvan were the most representative authors; Model, turbulence, and circulation were the most frequent keywords; and Oceanography, Meteorology Atmospheric Sciences, and Environmental Sciences were the most important subject categories over the past 30 years. (3) OTMMs have evolved from simplified models to ultra-high degree-of-freedom numerical models with a faster operation speed, higher spatiotemporal resolution and more complete physical processes. Therefore, decreasing the bias of OTMMs in simulating the upper ocean is an international scientific frontier and long-term technical challenge for ocean and climate prediction. This is the first comprehensive visualization and analysis of this research hotspot and its trends.

近年来，海洋湍流混合模型（otmm）成为一个热门的研究课题，并发表了大量相关的研究论文。本文采用文献计量学方法，对Web of Science 1990 ~ 2023年间发表的8411篇论文进行了分析，并基于出版物总量、国家、机构、期刊、作者、关键词和主题类别等指标进行了综合分析。结果显示如下。(1)论文发表数量逐渐增加，以美国和中国为主要研究国。然而，中国的论文被引率仅占17.6%，这表明还有很大的提升空间。7家论文被引率超过50%的机构来自美国，显示出美国在该领域的绝对权威和影响力。(2)《天体物理学报》；《天体物理学》、《地球物理研究快报》为核心期刊；乔方丽、薛明、马德克·古尔万是最具代表性的作家；模式、湍流和环流是最常见的关键词；海洋学、气象学、大气科学和环境科学是过去30年最重要的学科类别。(3) otmm模型从简化模型向超高自由度数值模型演化，运算速度更快、时空分辨率更高、物理过程更完整。因此，减小otmm在模拟上层海洋中的偏差是国际海洋和气候预测的科学前沿和长期技术挑战。本文首次对这一研究热点及其发展趋势进行了全面的可视化分析。

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引用次数: 0

Radiation condition enforcement in linear free-surface wave modeling 线性自由表面波模型中辐射条件的增强

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102594

Junhui Liu, Scott F. Bradford, Douglas A. Schwer, Ralph L. Fiedler

Linear free-surface wave models must satisfy the radiation condition to avoid unphysical solutions. The radiation condition requires that the wave amplitude vanishes at infinite boundaries and waves propagate outward from the source location. The former requirement has received much attention in the literature, but the latter is often ignored. Linear-free surface waves at the deep-water condition are defined by dispersion curves that include two V shaped curves and an additional ring curve when the pulsation frequency is below a certain value. Constraints that enforce both requirements of the radiation condition have been developed and applied to wave solutions associated with each dispersion curve. The two requirements of the radiation condition produce the same constraint for the ring curve and one V shaped curve referred to as the Inner V curve. However, for the second V shaped curve referred to as the Outer V curve, satisfying the requirement of vanishing wave amplitude at infinite boundaries does not guarantee the outgoing condition. When the ring curve exists, this Outer V curve only generates ingoing waves. At higher pulsation frequencies, the dimensionless wavenumber component in the source moving direction should be smaller than the dimensionless frequency to satisfy both requirements of the rdiation conditions. Thus, models that only satisfy vanishing amplitude at infinite boundaries would include ingoing waves associated with this Outer V curve. The wave patterns that include ingoing waves are found to be oversensitive to a small deviation from the steady source motion. The ingoing waves may also affect predictions of the wave amplitude and the wave resistance of the ship.

线性自由表面波模型必须满足辐射条件，以避免非物理解。辐射条件要求波幅值在无限边界处消失，波从源位置向外传播。前一个要求在文献中得到了很大的关注，而后一个要求往往被忽视。深水状态下的线性自由表面波由色散曲线定义，色散曲线包括两条V形曲线和脉动频率低于一定值时的附加环状曲线。已经开发了强制执行辐射条件两种要求的约束，并将其应用于与每个色散曲线相关的波解。辐射条件的这两个要求对环形曲线和一个称为内V曲线的V形曲线产生了相同的约束。然而，对于第二个V型曲线，即外V型曲线，满足无限边界处波形幅度消失的要求并不能保证输出条件。当环形曲线存在时，这条外V曲线只产生入波。在较高的脉动频率下，源移动方向的无量纲波数分量应小于无量纲频率，以满足辐射条件的两个要求。因此，仅满足无限边界处消失振幅的模型将包括与该Outer V曲线相关的入波。包括入波在内的波型被发现对稳定源运动的微小偏差过于敏感。入射波也会影响对船舶波幅和浪阻的预测。

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引用次数: 0

Neural network predictions of peak storm tides due to tropical cyclones 由热带气旋引起的风暴潮高峰的神经网络预测

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102588

T.A. Cuevas López , B.J. Tucker , J.C. Dietrich , D.L. Anderson , E. Lobaton , J.S. Mariegaard

Storm-driven flooding is a hazard for coastal communities. Process-based models can predict the combined effects of tides, winds, and flooding due to tropical cyclones, including in real-time, but often with restrictions due to a model’s runtime. Researchers have developed neural networks (NN), trained on libraries of storm surge simulations, to predict flooding in seconds. However, previous NNs ignored interactions with astronomical tides, limited to storms of specific durations, and trained for extreme conditions. In this study, a NN is developed to predict peak values for storm tides (storm surge and tides) at nine stations along the North Carolina coast. For training, a library of storm-tides was developed via process-based model simulations of 1813 synthetic storms based on historical data in the north Atlantic Ocean, but with a specific focus on North Carolina, and then augmented by a factor of 50 via combinations with random tides. Unlike previous NN, this approach incorporates the astronomical tides in the training and uses data augmentation techniques for enhanced generalization. The NN performs well, with root-mean-square errors of about 6 cm and mean bias errors for the extreme storms of about 5 cm. For probabilistic predictions of historical storms, the model can predict for 100 ensemble members in 1 s, and the ranges of peak storm tides are close to their true values.

风暴引发的洪水对沿海社区构成威胁。基于过程的模型可以预测潮汐、风和热带气旋引起的洪水的综合影响，包括实时预测，但通常由于模型的运行时间而受到限制。研究人员已经开发出神经网络（NN），通过风暴潮模拟库进行训练，可以在几秒钟内预测洪水。然而，以前的神经网络忽略了与天文潮汐的相互作用，局限于特定持续时间的风暴，并针对极端条件进行训练。在这项研究中，开发了一个神经网络来预测北卡罗莱纳州海岸9个站点的风暴潮（风暴潮和潮汐）峰值。在训练方面，通过基于过程的模型模拟1813次基于北大西洋历史数据的合成风暴，开发了一个风暴潮汐库，但特别关注北卡罗来纳州，然后通过与随机潮汐的组合增加了50倍。与以前的神经网络不同，该方法在训练中结合了天文潮汐，并使用数据增强技术来增强泛化。神经网络表现良好，均方根误差约为6厘米，极端风暴的平均偏差误差约为5厘米。对于历史风暴的概率预测，该模型可以在15秒内预测100个集合成员，并且风暴潮汐峰值的范围接近其真实值。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of projected changes in mean and extreme wave power across the Indian coastal sectors under high-emission climate scenarios 高排放气候情景下印度沿海地区平均和极端海浪能的预估变化评估

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102592

Anshu Yadav , Prashant Kumar , Bahareh Kamranzad , Prasad Kumar Bhaskaran , Rajni

Projected changes in oceanic and atmospheric conditions due to climate change necessitate a detailed assessment of future wave power (WP) variations along India’s extensive coastline for sustainable energy development and coastal adaptation. This study examines the projected changes in mean and extreme WP along the Indian coastline, with a regional focus on the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, Lakshadweep, and Andaman and Nicobar Island, under future climate scenarios SSP126 and SSP585 for the period 2071–2100. The Arabian Sea and southern coastal regions exhibit considerable wave energy potential, but expected decreases in WP and increased variability index (VI) pose challenges for long-term exploitation. Key regions such as Gujarat, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and Lakshadweep demonstrate substantial variability in WP, with higher variability in future scenarios under SSP5–8.5. Site-specific assessments across 20 locations identified Veraval (Gujarat), Hut Bay (Andaman), and Agatti, Minicoy, and Kalpeni (Lakshadweep) as key sites with both high mean and extreme WP values, characterized by consistently elevated energy levels and stable variability indicating strong potential for reliable wave energy extraction. The findings underscore the importance of integrating climate change projections into strategic energy planning, with a focus on region-specific assessments to ensure sustainable and resilient wave energy development.

由于气候变化对海洋和大气条件的预估变化，有必要对印度广阔海岸线上未来波浪能（WP）的变化进行详细评估，以促进可持续能源开发和沿海适应。本研究探讨了2071-2100年期间，在未来气候情景SSP126和SSP585下，印度海岸线平均和极端WP的预估变化，区域重点是阿拉伯海、孟加拉湾、拉克沙群岛和安达曼和尼科巴岛。阿拉伯海和南部沿海地区具有相当大的波浪能潜力，但预期的WP下降和变异性指数（VI）的增加对长期开发构成了挑战。古吉拉特邦、安达曼和尼科巴群岛以及拉克沙群岛等关键地区的WP表现出相当大的变动性，在SSP5-8.5的未来情景中变动性更高。对20个地点的具体评估确定，Veraval（古吉拉特邦）、Hut Bay（安达曼）、Agatti、Minicoy和Kalpeni （Lakshadweep）是具有高平均和极端WP值的关键地点，其特征是能量水平持续升高和稳定的变化，表明可靠的波浪能提取潜力巨大。这些发现强调了将气候变化预测纳入战略能源规划的重要性，重点是针对特定区域的评估，以确保可持续和有弹性的波浪能开发。

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引用次数: 0

Tidal estimates from sun-synchronous satellite altimeters in the Bohai Sea via an improved harmonic analysis model 基于改进谐波分析模型的太阳同步卫星高度计对渤海潮汐的估计

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102593

Haidong Pan , Dingqi Wang , Junchuan Sun , Tengfei Xu , Zexun Wei

Multi-satellite altimeters have greatly elevated our understanding of tidal dynamics around the globe. Among all publicly available satellite altimeters, the T/P-Jason series are widely considered as the core of diverse satellite-based tidal investigations. By contrast, sun-synchronous satellites only play auxiliary roles in previous studies mostly due to their pathological aliasing for tidal estimation. In this study, MHACS, an improved version of the classical harmonic analysis model utilizing the smooth nature of tidal admittances, is applied to estimate tidal constants from 24-year sun-synchronous ERS-Envisat-Saral (EES) series in the Bohai Sea. MHACS utilizes the intrinsic natural connections among major tidal constituents to overcome the restrictions of the Rayleigh criterion. Tricky K₁-P₁-Sa and K₂-Ssa pairs as well as S₂ tides in EES series are resolved by MHACS with regularization algorithms (i.e. ridge regression). Practical experiments in the Bohai Sea suggest that tidal estimates from the EES series through MHACS are in high agreement with the FES2014, with an average error of only 2.18 cm. Such consistency indicates the satisfactory performance of MHACS with ridge regression on processing the EES series. Although the proposed method has some limitations, it can potentially be a widely-used tool to extract tides from heterogeneous satellite altimeters including Sentinel series and Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT).

多卫星高度计极大地提高了我们对全球潮汐动力学的认识。在所有公开的卫星高度计中，T/P-Jason系列被广泛认为是各种卫星潮汐调查的核心。相比之下，太阳同步卫星在以往的研究中只起到辅助作用，主要是由于其在潮汐估计中的病理混叠。本文利用经典调和分析模型的改进版本MHACS，利用潮汐导纳的平滑特性，对24年太阳同步es - envisat - saral （EES）系列的渤海潮汐常数进行了估计。MHACS利用主要潮汐成分之间固有的自然联系来克服瑞利准则的限制。用正则化算法（即脊回归）求解EES序列中复杂的K1-P1-Sa和K2-Ssa对以及S2潮汐。在渤海的实际实验表明，利用MHACS估算的EES系列潮汐值与FES2014具有较高的一致性，平均误差仅为2.18 cm。这种一致性表明脊回归MHACS处理EES序列的效果令人满意。尽管该方法存在一定的局限性，但它可能是一种广泛使用的工具，可以从包括Sentinel系列和地表水海洋地形（SWOT）在内的非均质卫星高度计中提取潮汐。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the influence of island chains on the vortex splitting of mesoscale eddies 岛链对中尺度涡旋涡分裂影响的研究

IF 2.9 3区地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES

Ocean Modelling

Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2025.102591

Mingze Ji , Xingzhou Jiang , Xiaole Li , Jingyi Lu , He Liu , Xiongbo Zheng

In the ocean, there exist multi-scale water movements, among which mesoscale eddies are important carriers of oceanic material and energy transport. These vortices contain substantial kinetic energy and heat, playing a pivotal role in oceanic mass and energy transfer. The presence of islands can alter the movement path, intensity, and structure of vortices, and may even lead to vortex splitting. Vortex-island interactions not only affect local oceanic dynamic conditions but may also have broader impacts on large-scale ocean circulation and material transport. Previous multi-island studies have primarily focused on the range where the ratio of island spacing to mesoscale vortex diameter falls between 0.1 and 0.4. However, in real oceanic environments, cases where this ratio exceeds 0.4 are more common, particularly in multi-island regions such as the Lesser Antilles, where the ratio often reaches 0.6 or higher. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the interaction mechanisms between island spacing and mesoscale vortices, as well as their dynamic processes across a broader range of ratios, this study employs the Regional Ocean Modeling System to conduct idealized numerical experiments. By varying parameters related to island configurations, we analyze the influence of islands on vortex trajectory and structural evolution, extending the investigation to cases with ratios ranging from 0.13 to 0.67. Based on the numerical simulation results, we propose a dimensionless function y that integrates three island-related variables, characterizing the impact of different island parameters on vortex splitting during vortex-island interactions.

海洋中存在着多尺度的水运动，其中中尺度涡旋是海洋物质和能量输送的重要载体。这些涡旋含有大量的动能和热量，在海洋质量和能量传递中起着关键作用。岛屿的存在可以改变涡旋的运动路径、强度和结构，甚至可能导致涡旋分裂。涡岛相互作用不仅影响局部海洋动力条件，而且可能对大尺度海洋环流和物质运输产生更广泛的影响。以往的多岛研究主要集中在岛屿间距与中尺度涡旋直径之比在0.1 ~ 0.4之间的范围。然而，在真正的海洋环境中，这一比率超过0.4的情况更为常见，特别是在小安的列斯群岛等多岛屿地区，这一比率往往达到0.6或更高。为了更全面地了解岛屿间距与中尺度涡旋的相互作用机制及其在更大比例范围内的动力过程，本研究利用区域海洋模拟系统进行了理想化数值实验。通过改变岛屿构型的相关参数，分析了岛屿对涡旋轨迹和结构演变的影响，并将研究范围扩大到比值为0.13 ~ 0.67的情况。基于数值模拟结果，我们提出了一个包含三个岛相关变量的无量纲函数y，表征了涡-岛相互作用过程中不同岛参数对涡分裂的影响。

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