Ore Geology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Crustal electrical resistivity structure beneath the sediment-hosted stratiform Cu (SSC) deposits: A case study from Wuding area on the western margin of Yangtze Craton","authors":"Zhan Liang ,&nbsp;Junlu Wang ,&nbsp;Yaotian Yin ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Miao Peng ,&nbsp;Xianzhong Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Zhang ,&nbsp;Bing Yu ,&nbsp;Longlong Li ,&nbsp;Sheng Xia ,&nbsp;Yue Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Zhujiaba and Xiaoxinchang sediment-hosted stratiform Cu (SSC) deposits in Wuding area, located on the western margin of Yangtze Craton, are mainly hosted in the Mesoproterozoic strata and have also undergone multi-stage overprinted post-sedimentary hydrothermal reworks. There has been considerable debate over the metallogenic model. This research utilized a combined broad-band magnetotelluric (BBMT) and audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) data acquisition method, which balances both detection depth and resolution. A NE-SW-oriented MT and AMT profile crossing both the Zhujiaba and Xiaoxinchang deposits was used to obtain a resistivity model of the upper crust to a depth of 10 km. Below these two deposits, two near-vertical high-conductivity belt coincidently exist beneath the known ore deposits, which may represent the main faults, extending deeper than 10 km. The upper part of them branches into several narrower conductive bands with slightly higher resistivity, possibly representing the secondary faults that cut through the higher-resistivity layers of Mesoproterozoic strata in the upper crust, dividing them into smaller blocks. These features may jointly make up an overall ‘finger-shaped’ intra-crustal fault system and a corresponding graben-type basin, which have played a key role in Cu mineralization in this region. Specifically, the determined main faults are likely old, deep faults associated with plate boundary suture zones that existed prior to the Cu metallogenesis. During the Mesoproterozoic sedimentary- diagenesis stage, these faults became active under the back-arc extensional tectonic environment, resulting in rifting and the formation of an ocean to the east of the Zhujiaba deposit. Marine sedimentation occurred, and seawater entered into the graben-type basin, resulting in a Cu ore-bearing layer between the Luoxue and underlying Yinmin strata. Following the formation of the sedimentary orebody, during the closure of oceanic basin, the fault system provided pathways for mantle-derived basic magma to ascend to the shallow Mesoproterozoic strata during the hydrothermal overprinting stage. This can be determined from two shallow (&lt;2 km) ‘droplet-shaped’ high-resistivity bodies near the secondary faults beneath the known Cu deposits which are interpreted as diabase intrusions. As a result of the corresponding hydrothermal circulation caused, highly saline hot water raised along the breccia zones at the periphery of salt diapirs where deep faults existed, leading to the concentration of Cu elements and final mineralization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107080"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magmatic and metallogenic processes of the Zegulangbei deposit in the Jiama ore district: Insights from zircon and apatite geochemistry","authors":"Pan Tang ,&nbsp;Juxing Tang ,&nbsp;Aorigele Zhou ,&nbsp;Bin Lin ,&nbsp;Faqiao Li ,&nbsp;Jing Qi ,&nbsp;Mengdie Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Xiong ,&nbsp;Yuanhui Fu ,&nbsp;Zhongkun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhengkun Yang ,&nbsp;Yuke Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jiama is an exceptionally large colliding porphyry copper polymetallic system in the post-collisional Gangdese porphyry copper belt, Tibet. The Zegulangbei deposit is a recent discovery located within the Jiama system, but the magmatic and metallogenic processes that formed it are unclear. This research aims to enhance the understanding of the physicochemical conditions of magmatic and metallogenic processes within Zegulangbei using zircon and apatite geochemistry and zircon Hf isotopes. From oldest to youngest, host rocks at Zegulangbei include monzogranite porphyry (MGP), I-quartz diorite porphyry (I-QDP), granodiorite porphyry (GDP), diorite, II-quartz diorite porphyry (II-QDP), III-quartz diorite porphyry (III-QDP), and diorite porphyry (DP). Numerous mafic microgranular enclaves (MME) are observed in the MGP and GDP. Apatites in MGP, I-QDP, GDP, II-QDP and DP samples are enriched in LREEs with negative Eu anomalies, whereas those in the MMEs and diorite samples show no obvious differences between LREEs and HREEs. The MGP, I-QDP, GDP, II-QDP, and DP samples give low Ti-in-zircon thermometry (T_Ti) values ranging from 601 °C to 818 °C and high apatite saturation temperatures (ASTs) ranging from 839 °C to 1034 °C, indicating that apatite formed early during crystallization. In comparison with MGP, I-QDP, GDP, diorite, II-QDP, III-QDP and DP, the MMEs have different zircon geochemical compositions, with high amounts of Hf, Ti, Th, U, Nb, high T_Ti temperatures, high Th/U, and low Ce/Sm, Yb/Gd, and initial Hf isotope ratios (εHf(t)) ranging from −0.3 to 5.2 distributed between the GDP (MMEs host magma) and the Miocene mantle-derived ultrapotassic rocks in the Gangdese. These findings suggest that the MMEs may be mixed products of the mafic magma from enriched lithospheric mantle and adakite-like magma formed by partial melting of the juvenile mafic lower crust. The Eu_N/Eu_N* ratios of zircon suggest that the ore-forming magma had high oxygen fugacity, mainly above the hematite-magnetite (HM) buffer. The volatile contents in apatite show that the magma related to MMEs had a high S content and high oxygen fugacity, while the ore-bearing magma (GDP and II-QDP) was F-, Cl- and S-rich and moderately oxidized. The input of mafic magma brought increased heat, Cu, and S to the ore-bearing magma of Zegulangbei and increased its oxygen fugacity. This enrichment in F, Cl and S; the high oxygen fugacity; and the input of hot mafic magma were therefore key factors in the formation of the Zegulangbei deposit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme hydrothermal pressure transitions and fluid evolution in a felsic magmatic-hydrothermal system: a case study of Wondong Fe-W deposit, Korea","authors":"Tong Ha Lee ,&nbsp;Jung Hun Seo ,&nbsp;Bum Han Lee ,&nbsp;Bong Chul Yoo ,&nbsp;Marcel Guillong","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated magmatic-hydrothermal evolution associated with Paleogene quartz–feldspar porphyry intruded into Cambrian carbonates in the Wondong area, Korea. These “Wondong porphyry” intrusions are spatially associated with skarn mineralization containing magnetite, subeconomic scheelite, and Zn–Pb carbonate-replacement ores. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating of phlogopite from magnetite-bearing skarn yielded an age of 50.0 ± 0.03 Ma. The porphyries were subsequently crosscut by numerous thin, subparallel quartz veins.</div><div>Microthermometry of pseudosecondary fluid inclusions hosted in quartz veins and phenocrysts in the porphyry revealed two distinct brine inclusion types based on their homogenization characteristics: (1) inclusions that homogenize by bubble disappearance at temperatures of ∼300–560 °C, interpreted to record boiling of ascending magmatic-derived fluids at pressures of ∼400 bar, and (2) inclusions that homogenize by halite dissolution at ∼300–550 °C, indicating direct exsolution of brine from lithostatically pressured magma at ∼1200 bar. These observations indicate a significant transition from lithostatic to hydrostatic pressure conditions at approximately 4 km below the paleosurface.</div><div>Fluid inclusion compositions further show pronounced variations in Rb/Sr and Cs/Na ratios in the Wondong porphyry system, with Rb/Sr ratios varying by up to three orders of magnitude. This contrasts sharply with the relatively invariant ratios observed in the adjacent supergiant Sangdong W–Mo deposit. These geochemical features suggest substantial plagioclase fractionation within a small and/or physically isolated magma chamber, possibly separated from the much larger batholithic systems typically required for the formation of high-grade, high-tonnage W deposits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107074"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based analysis reveals copper metallogenic differences and mechanisms of Jurassic arc magmatism in the Gangdese belt","authors":"Yuanzhi Zhou ,&nbsp;Molei Zhao ,&nbsp;Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Zhenjie Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Dicheng Zhu ,&nbsp;Qiuming Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jurassic Gangdese arc in the southern Tibetan Plateau hosts significant magmatic activity, yet the scarcity of associated porphyry copper deposits (PCDs) and the mechanisms controlling potential mineralization differences remain poorly understood. Here, we apply an integrated approach combining interpretable machine learning (ML) models—trained on whole-rock and igneous zircon geochemistry—with spatial correlation analysis to quantitatively assess and constrain the spatial variations in metallogenic potential of the Jurassic magmatism (200 Ma–146.8 Ma). Our results reveal a significant East-West difference in magma fertility along the arc between the two sides of 89°E. The region west of 89°E displays significantly higher ML-predicted fertility scores, corresponding precisely to the location of the giant Xiongcun PCD. The feature importance analysis reveals key controls on magma fertility, including high fO₂, high water content, garnet/amphibole fractionation, and contribution of subducted sediments. The spatial correlation analysis further localizes the effects of these controls, confirming the localized involvement of subducted sedimentary components. We propose that the formation of the Xiongcun PCD was driven by localized shallow subduction and slab rollback of the Neo-Tethyan ocean, which created a high-pressure, high-water environment to induce high-degree partial melting of eclogite facies altered oceanic crust and overlying oceanic sediments, releasing the oxidized, Nb-Th-U-enriched melt/fluid component into the magma source. We reinterpret the scarcity of PCDs in the Jurassic Gangdese belt as resulting from intrinsic, localized tectono-magmatic differences rather than solely from post-mineralization erosion and destruction. Our study highlights the power of data-driven ML models in resolving long-standing metallogenic debates and provides guidance for future exploration in regions of complex tectono-magmatic activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107093"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical conditions in controlling Au and Ag precipitation of ore-forming processes from the Yindongpo and Poshan Au-Ag-Pb-Zn deposits, Tongbai region: Constraints from chlorite mineralogy","authors":"Zhen Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Li ,&nbsp;Xiao-Xuan Liu ,&nbsp;Gui-Qing Xie ,&nbsp;De-Xian Zhang ,&nbsp;Ke Huang ,&nbsp;Xiang-Wei Tang ,&nbsp;Yu-Cheng Gong ,&nbsp;Shui-Shi Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contemporary Yindongpo Au deposit and Poshan Ag deposit located in the Tongbai district of Henan Province, are large-scale and super-large hydrothermal vein-type deposits, respectively. Except for Au and Ag, both deposits contain economic Pb and Zn by-products. These two deposits are located 2.5 km away from each other and are both hosted in carbonaceous mica-quartz schist and biotite leptynite from the Neoproterozoic Waitoushan Formation. The Yindongpo Au and Poshan Ag deposits share similar ore-forming processes and both have three mineralization stages. To address the ore-forming process and the key factors in controlling the differential precipitation of Au and Ag, this study conducted detailed field geological investigations, as well as systematic texture and compositional studies of chlorite which was well-developed in all three stages, using Tescan Integrated Mineral Analyzer (TIMA), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). In the Yindongpo deposit, backscattered electron (BSE) images show that Stage 1 chlorite has vermicular textures, and Stage 2 chlorite exhibits concentric-zoning textures, whereas, Stage 3 chlorite occurs as a homogeneous texture. In the Poshan deposit, Stage 1 and Stage 3 chlorites have similar textures to those in the Yindongpo deposit, whereas, Stage 2 chlorite occurs as aggregates with a homogeneous texture. EPMA data show that chlorites from all stages in both deposits are dominated by Fe-chlorite, suggesting relatively low oxygen fugacity of hydrothermal fluids. The substitution mechanism of chlorite is dominated by Al^Ⅳ-Si⁴⁺ replacement and Fe²⁺-Mg²⁺ substitution, with no Al^Ⅵ-(Fe²⁺+Mg²⁺) substitution, implying that pH of ore-forming fluid was relatively acidic. The temperature, oxygen fugacity (<em>f</em>O₂), and sulfur fugacity (<em>f</em>S₂) of ore-forming fluid calculated using the chlorite geothermometer constraints the parameters of fluid: Yindongpo with temperatures of 240 to 300 °C, lg<em>f</em>O₂ of −46.57 to −36.98, and lg<em>f</em>S₂ of −3.08 to 8.22, and Poshan with temperatures of 240 to 280 °C, lg<em>f</em>O₂ of −46.74 to –32.94, and <em>f</em>S₂ of 0.63 to 5.87. Insignificant changes of temperature and oxygen fugacity but relatively significant changes in sulfur fugacity from early to late stages for both deposits indicating that variations of sulfur fugacity should be the main factor controlling the precipitation of Au and Ag in the Yindongpo and Poshan deposits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107081"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controls on REE mineralization in the Tioueine ring complex (Western Hoggar, Algeria): examination of magmatic vs hydrothermal processes","authors":"Youcef Cherfi ,&nbsp;Abdelhak Boutaleb ,&nbsp;Chris Yakymchuk ,&nbsp;David R. Lentz ,&nbsp;Hanafi Benali ,&nbsp;Mammar Amieur ,&nbsp;Chakib Naoufel Groucene ,&nbsp;Djamel-Eddine Aissa","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Hoggar is a rare metal endowed province within the Tuareg shield with variably mineralized post Pan-African granitoid complexes. The investigated Tioueine Ring Complex is among them, with two major units: a weakly evolved calc-alkaline central unit containing monzogranite and granodiorite, and a highly evolved alkali feldspar granite-dominated major outer unit that hosts magmatic to magmatic-hydrothermal LREE-dominant mineralization. The Tioueine Ring Complex is a mantle-derived A₁-type granitoid complex that crystallized at ca. 600 Ma during a post-orogenic to anorogenic episode of the Pan-African orogeny. Its parental magmatic system is characterized by high concentrations of alkali elements, with moderate total REE₂O₃ (TREE₂O₃) contents up to 0.2 wt%; allanite is the major REE-rich mineral, with limited proportions of apatite, xenotime, and rare monazite. Primary mineralization resulted from low degrees of partial melting of an enriched mantle source that produced reduced ferroan REE-rich magma following advective mantle heat input. The derivative melt may have experienced crustal assimilation and crystal fractionation that caused further enrichment in HFSE and REE before reaching the solidus. A late- to post-magmatic-hydrothermal event allowed limited secondary enrichment of REE by causing allanite breakdown to form REE-fluorocarbonate minerals. Fluid—rock interaction likely resulted from magmatic-hydrothermal F- and CO₂-rich aqueous fluids and late meteoric hydrothermal fluids that circulated through ring faults. The Tioueine Ring Complex exhibits elevated REE concentrations that warrant follow-up sampling and drilling to assess its economic viability. However, despite REE enrichment in A-type granites globally, the role of F-rich fluids in remobilizing REE from magmatic allanite to form hydrothermal REE-fluorocarbonates remains poorly constrained. The Tioueine Ring Complex offers a case study to elucidate this process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107078"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Asian uranium mega province (Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan) and its evolution during the late Neogene-Quaternary","authors":"Bekzodjon Abdixalikovich Elibaev,&nbsp;Gerard Fries,&nbsp;Baxtiyar Ismailovich Mirhodjaev,&nbsp;Xusniddin Xujahmatovich Olovov,&nbsp;Sherali Izzatullayevich Jurayev","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, we analyze the relation between the recent and active tectonic deformation of the Turan-South Kazakh platforms and the three main uranium provinces (Shu Sarysu, Syr Darya and Kyzylkum). The evolution of these regions has been largely studied and active deformation with important vertical (several hundred meters) and horizontal (up to 100 km) movements has been demonstrated in a North-South compressive context linked to the Pamir indentation. In these three regions, uranium mineralization, as stacked roll fronts, is hosted by sands ranging from Upper Cretaceous to Paleocene-Eocene age. The faults offset vertically and horizontally the host formations as well as the ore bodies, proving that the main mineralization phases occurred before these faults. A middle to upper Quaternary age of the main tectonic faults movements that affect the uranium deposits has been assessed by the age of the youngest sediments involved, compatible with a main mineralization phase dated of the upper Miocene (Tortonian, −8.7 Ma). The regional mapping of the successive roll fronts (Turonian, Coniacian, Santonian, Campanian, Maastrichtian, Paleocene, Eocene) suggests that the three regions (Shu Sarysu, Syr Darya and Kyzylkum) where forming one unique sedimentary basin. At the time of mineralization, individual roll fronts of more than 1000 km long were formed creating a unique uranium mega-province that the most recent deformation has teared apart.</div><div>Palinspastic reconstruction of the Kyzylkum – Syr Darya – Shu Sarysu regions before the recent deformation will help assess the initial geometry of the roll fronts and better understand these large-scale mineralization processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107077"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The geology and genesis of the Jiaojia-Xincheng gold district (∼1200 t) in the Jiaodong Peninsula, China: A review","authors":"Leilei Dong ,&nbsp;Mingchun Song ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Laijun Wang ,&nbsp;Naijie Chi ,&nbsp;Runsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenliang Yang ,&nbsp;Runqian Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Jiaojia fault in the Jiaodong Peninsula is the main host for several large gold deposits. The overall gold endowment in this fault zone exceeds 1200 tons. The localization of gold orebodies is strictly controlled by the Jiaojia fault and they are mainly beneath and parallel to the fault plane. The wall rocks are primarily Linglong granite and partially Precambrian metamorphic rocks. Along the dip direction, the mineralization mainly occurs at the site where the dip angles of the fault plane change to gentle angles. Alteration and mineralization styles, veins, and fluid chemistry in these deposits share many similarities. The potassium alteration is mainly in the form of alteration halos along fractures or pervasive dissemination. Quartz-sericite dominated alteration overprinted on the potassium alteration, while most of the gold bearing pyrite in dissemination or quartz-pyrite veins form during the alteration process. Ore-forming fluid is characterized by low salinity H₂O-NaCl-CO₂ system and moderate to low temperatures (150–400 °C). In most cases, gold deposition is related to fluid immiscibility during the relaxation of regional stress field. Genetic models for the Jiaodong gold deposit include magmatic and non-magmatic categories. The non-magmatic models involve devolatilization processes, including those from the Paleo-Pacific subducted slab, metasomatized mantle, and—more recently—the Sulu terrane. Regardless of which genetic model dominates, the most crucial point is that the multiplicity and uncertainty in the interpretation of isotopic data have led to prolonged debates over the sources of gold and fluids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107068"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smithsonite geochemistry revealing telescoped mineralization at the Huoshaoyun giant non-sulfide Zn-Pb deposit, Karakorum","authors":"Jianatiguli Wusiman ,&nbsp;Nuo Li ,&nbsp;Dengfeng Li ,&nbsp;Mingjie Tuo ,&nbsp;Yongqi Xia ,&nbsp;Xiaojian Zhao ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Huoshaoyun giant Zn-Pb deposit in the Karakorum region, NW China, consists of both non-sulfide (&gt;95 %) and sulfide (&lt;5%) ores, with smithsonite as the dominant phase. The ore genesis remains a subject of debate, primarily due to uncertainties surrounding the paragenesis of smithsonite and its relationship with sulfide mineralization. In this study, combined petrographic, cold cathodoluminescence, electron microprobe analyses, in-situ LA-ICPMS trace elements analyses of smithsonite and thermodynamic modeling were carried out, revealing two groups of smithsonite. The former group is characterized by elevated rare earth elements (REE) abundance, negligible Ce anomalies, and enrichment in Fe, Mn, Ca, Na, As, Li, B and P, while the latter group exhibits lower ΣREE, pronounced negative Ce anomalies, and enrichment in Mg and Cd. These two groups are separated by a stage of sulfide mineralization, during which Cd-rich sphalerite, greenockite, galena and pyrite/marcasite were deposited, followed by minor gypsum, barite and Fe-Mn oxides. We interpret the non-sulfide Zn-Pb mineralization as a combined wall-rock replacement and direct replacement supergene system, while the sulfide mineralization may present either a MVT-type system or another episode of supergene mineralization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107097"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White mica SWIR spectral and geochemical signatures: Key exploration vectors for the giant Dahutang tungsten ore field, Jiangxi Province, South China","authors":"Changyu Wu ,&nbsp;Jingjing Dai ,&nbsp;Yang Song ,&nbsp;Bo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oregeorev.2025.107064","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Infrared hyperspectral technology, characterized by its high efficiency and non-destructive nature, is capable of accurately identifying minerals and can be effectively applied to prospecting. As a widely developed alteration mineral in magmatic-hydrothermal deposits, white mica has been successfully applied to the exploration of porphyry, epithermal, volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits based on its short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectrum. However, the exploration vectors of white mica vary among different types of deposits. The hyperspectral exploration vector of white mica in tungsten ore remains to be improved, and the study on the significance of trace element indication of white mica is still immature. In this study, the giant Dahutang tungsten ore field in Jiangxi Province is selected as the research object. The research focuses on five types of intrusions associated with mineralization in Dahutang: biotite granodiorite, porphyritic biotite granite, porphyritic fine-grained biotite granite, fine-grained muscovite granite, and granite porphyry. The significance of spectral and geochemical characteristics of white mica for tungsten ore exploration is discussed through comprehensive study on the characteristic parameters, major and trace elements of white mica SWIR spectrum in different intrusions. The results show that the high Pos2200 (Pos2200 &gt; 2209 nm) and low SWIR-IC (SWIR-IC &lt; 0.9) values of white mica in Dahutang can be used as important vectors of mineralization, which mainly occurred in the inner and outer contact zone of biotite granodiorite of Jinningian period (Tonian, ∼1000–800 Ma) and Yanshanian period (Jurassic to Cretaceous, 200–90 Ma). The white mica in ore-bearing intrusions are characterized by high Si, Mg, Fe, F, Li, Sn, Cs and low Al, Na, whereas those in ore-barren intrusions show the opposite features. In addition, the Pos2200 value of SWIR spectrum of white mica in intrusions is positively correlated with Si, Mg, Fe, F, Li, Sn and Cs, and negatively correlated with Al and Na. The value of SWIR-IC is primarily controlled by temperature and exhibits a weak correlation with the major and trace elements in white mica. The high contents of F, Li and Cs in magmatic white mica also indicate that the magmatic evolution of ore-bearing intrusions has higher degree than ore-barren intrusions. The hydrothermal white mica in biotite granodiorite and porphyritic biotite granite all show higher content of V, Sc and W, indicating that metallogenic environment is relatively reduction conditions. Contrasting with other types of deposits, the decline in temperature and rise in fluid pH value prompt the substitution of Tschermak’s component towards Si, Mg, and Fe enrichment, rendering phengite a crucial mineralization indicator in tungsten deposits. Compared with geochemical analysis, SWIR technology has economic, rapid, convenient advantages. The SWIR spectral and geochemical characteristics of white mica can be used a","PeriodicalId":19644,"journal":{"name":"Ore Geology Reviews","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107064"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145925787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}