Pub Date : 2025-01-09DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100431
Haneen Sabet , Abdallah Abbas , Ibraheem M alkhawaldeh , Shrouk Ramadan , Moaz Elsayed Abouelmagd , Ebrahem Salah Abdul-Hamid , Ahmed Elbataa , Mona Mahmoud Elsakka , Anas Mansour , Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad , Aynur Ozge
Objective
To assess the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids in migraine prophylaxis by examining their impact on migraine frequency, severity, duration, and quality of life, measured using the headache impact test-6 (HIT-6) score.
Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL until June 2024. Clinical trials evaluating the effect of omega-3 in migraine prevention were included. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB-1 for RCTs and ROBINS-1 for non-RCTs. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software, with heterogeneity assessed using chi-square and I² statistics. Subgroup analyses and leave-one-out analyses were conducted.
Results
Fourteen clinical trials involving 1944 patients were included, with nine studies in the meta-analysis. The overall results of omega-3 supplementation revealed a significant reduction in the migraine frequency (MD: -1.74 days per month, 95% CI: [-3.45, -0.03], P = 0.05) and severity of migraine attacks (SMD: -0.28, 95% CI: [-0.54, -0.02], P = 0.04 when compared to various comparators (placebo, sodium valproate, diet low in omega-6 fatty acids, and average US omega-3 and omega-6 intake). However, its effect on HIT-6 was not significant (MD: -8.9, 95 % CI: [-20.47, 2.67], P = 0.13), and its impact on migraine duration was also not significant (MD: -1.94 hours per episode, 95 % CI: [-4.24, 0.37], P = 0.1).
Conclusions
Omega-3 fatty acids effectively reduced the frequency and severity of migraine attacks but did not significantly reduce migraine duration and HIT-6. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and optimize dosing for migraine prevention.
目的通过头痛影响测试-6 （HIT-6）评分评估omega-3脂肪酸对偏头痛频率、严重程度、持续时间和生活质量的影响，以评估其在偏头痛预防中的功效。方法综合检索PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和Cochrane CENTRAL，检索截止至2024年6月。评估omega-3在偏头痛预防中的作用的临床试验被纳入其中。随机对照试验采用ROBINS-1，非随机对照试验采用ROBINS-1评估偏倚风险。采用RevMan软件进行meta分析，采用卡方统计和I²统计评估异质性。进行亚组分析和留一分析。结果纳入14项临床试验，涉及1944例患者，其中9项研究纳入meta分析。总体结果显示，与各种比较（安慰剂、丙戊酸钠、低omega-6脂肪酸饮食和美国平均omega-3和omega-6摄入量）相比，omega-3补充剂显著降低了偏头痛的频率（MD：每月-1.74天，95% CI: [-3.45, -0.03], P = 0.05）和偏头痛发作的严重程度（SMD: -0.28, 95% CI: [-0.54, -0.02], P = 0.04）。然而，其对HIT-6的影响并不显著（MD: -8.9, 95 % CI: [-20.47, 2.67], P = 0.13），其对偏头痛持续时间的影响也不显著（MD: -1.94 小时/发作，95 % CI: [-4.24, 0.37], P = 0.1）。结论somega -3脂肪酸可有效降低偏头痛发作频率和严重程度，但对偏头痛病程和HIT-6无显著影响。需要进一步的研究来探索偏头痛预防的长期效果和优化剂量。
{"title":"Omega-3 supplementation in migraine prophylaxis: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Haneen Sabet , Abdallah Abbas , Ibraheem M alkhawaldeh , Shrouk Ramadan , Moaz Elsayed Abouelmagd , Ebrahem Salah Abdul-Hamid , Ahmed Elbataa , Mona Mahmoud Elsakka , Anas Mansour , Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad , Aynur Ozge","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids in migraine prophylaxis by examining their impact on migraine frequency, severity, duration, and quality of life, measured using the headache impact test-6 (HIT-6) score.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL until June 2024. Clinical trials evaluating the effect of omega-3 in migraine prevention were included. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB-1 for RCTs and ROBINS-1 for non-RCTs. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software, with heterogeneity assessed using chi-square and I² statistics. Subgroup analyses and leave-one-out analyses were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen clinical trials involving 1944 patients were included, with nine studies in the meta-analysis. The overall results of omega-3 supplementation revealed a significant reduction in the migraine frequency (MD: -1.74 days per month, 95% CI: [-3.45, -0.03], <em>P</em> = 0.05) and severity of migraine attacks (SMD: -0.28, 95% CI: [-0.54, -0.02], <em>P</em> = 0.04 when compared to various comparators (placebo, sodium valproate, diet low in omega-6 fatty acids, and average US omega-3 and omega-6 intake). However, its effect on HIT-6 was not significant (MD: -8.9, 95 % CI: [-20.47, 2.67], <em>P</em> = 0.13), and its impact on migraine duration was also not significant (MD: -1.94 hours per episode, 95 % CI: [-4.24, 0.37], P = 0.1).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Omega-3 fatty acids effectively reduced the frequency and severity of migraine attacks but did not significantly reduce migraine duration and HIT-6. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects and optimize dosing for migraine prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100430
Anushree Bose, Sanjay Sharma
Purpose
This review aims to analyze and compare the regulatory frameworks governing nutraceuticals in the USA, India, and European Union (EU). The primary research question explores how varying regulations impact the global market entry and safety of nutraceutical products, while identifying potential pathways for harmonizing international regulations.
Methods
A comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on key regulatory documents and guidelines from the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) in the USA, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The study examined market entry processes, safety standards, toxicity testing, and health claim requirements across these regions.
Results
The findings indicate significant differences in regulatory approaches. The United States of America (USA) emphasizes post-market surveillance and manufacturer responsibility for product safety, while India follows a simpler registration process. Europe mandates rigorous pre-market approval and scientific validation of health claims. These disparities hinder the seamless integration of nutraceutical products into international markets.
Conclusions
The review highlights the growing need for harmonization of nutraceutical regulations globally. Unified guidelines could improve product safety, facilitate international market entry, and foster greater consumer trust. Regulatory convergence will be essential to ensure the sustainable growth of the nutraceutical industry.
{"title":"Global regulatory trends and comparative insights: Nutraceuticals in the USA, India, and Europe","authors":"Anushree Bose, Sanjay Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2025.100430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This review aims to analyze and compare the regulatory frameworks governing nutraceuticals in the USA, India, and European Union (EU). The primary research question explores how varying regulations impact the global market entry and safety of nutraceutical products, while identifying potential pathways for harmonizing international regulations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on key regulatory documents and guidelines from the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) in the USA, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The study examined market entry processes, safety standards, toxicity testing, and health claim requirements across these regions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The findings indicate significant differences in regulatory approaches. The United States of America (USA) emphasizes post-market surveillance and manufacturer responsibility for product safety, while India follows a simpler registration process. Europe mandates rigorous pre-market approval and scientific validation of health claims. These disparities hinder the seamless integration of nutraceutical products into international markets.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The review highlights the growing need for harmonization of nutraceutical regulations globally. Unified guidelines could improve product safety, facilitate international market entry, and foster greater consumer trust. Regulatory convergence will be essential to ensure the sustainable growth of the nutraceutical industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The protective effects of olive oil (OO) on metabolic health. Current research aims to elucidate the positive impacts of OO on emerging factors linked to metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. These factors encompass inflammation, oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, coagulation, endothelial function, and lipid profile.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, using the following keywords and combined synonyms: (”extra virgin olive oil”; ”virgin olive oil”; “metabolic syndrome”; “ type 2 diabetes”; ”diabetes mellitus”; “ obesity”; “atherosclerosis”; “Olive oil phenolic compounds”; “Olive oil polyphenols”; “ antioxidant activity”; and “Anti-inflammatory activity”).
Conclusion
Multiple studies have demonstrated that a diet rich in OO can aid in preventing atherosclerosis primarily by enhancing lipid profile. These favourable effects of OO are mainly ascribed to its abundance of phenolic compounds (PCs). Therefore, the bioactivity of olive oil phenolic compounds (OOPCs) could be related to various pharmacological characteristics such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-atherogenic, antithrombotic, antimutagenic, and hypoglycemic properties. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), tyrosol (Tr), Oleuropein (OLP), Oleocanthal (OLC), and Oleacein (OLE) are the PCs mainly involved in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This review focuses on appraising the current knowledge on the effect of OO, particularly its PCs, on metabolic diseases and discussing the underlying mechanism by which it exerts its effect.
橄榄油对代谢健康的保护作用。目前的研究旨在阐明OO对代谢综合征、肥胖和2型糖尿病等代谢性疾病相关新因素的积极影响。这些因素包括炎症、氧化应激、血小板聚集、凝血、内皮功能和血脂。方法利用PubMed、谷歌Scholar、Scopus、Web of Science等多家电子数据库进行综合文献检索，检索关键词为“特级初榨橄榄油”；“初榨橄榄油”；“代谢综合症”;“2型糖尿病”；“糖尿病”;“肥胖”;“动脉粥样硬化”;“橄榄油酚类化合物”；“橄榄油多酚”；“抗氧化活性”；和“抗炎活性”)。结论多项研究表明，富含OO的饮食主要通过提高血脂水平来预防动脉粥样硬化。OO的这些有利作用主要归因于其丰富的酚类化合物（PCs）。因此，橄榄油酚类化合物（OOPCs）的生物活性可能与多种药理特性有关，如抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗血栓形成、抗诱变和降血糖等特性。羟基酪醇（HT）、酪醇（Tr）、橄榄苦苷（OLP）、油橄榄醇（OLC）和油橄榄醇（OLE）是主要参与抗氧化和抗炎活性的pc。这篇综述的重点是评价目前关于OO，特别是其pc对代谢性疾病的作用的知识，并讨论其发挥作用的潜在机制。
{"title":"Potential health benefits of olive oil polyphenols in metabolic disorders management","authors":"Kaoutar Boumezough , Mehdi Alami , Jamal Oubaouz , Mojgan Morvaridzadeh , Nada Zoubdane , Abdelouahed Khalil , M.’hamed Ramchoun , Ilham Zahir , Charles Ramassamy , Tamas Fulop , Hicham Berrougui","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The protective effects of olive oil (OO) on metabolic health. Current research aims to elucidate the positive impacts of OO on emerging factors linked to metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. These factors encompass inflammation, oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, coagulation, endothelial function, and lipid profile.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various electronic databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, using the following keywords and combined synonyms: (”extra virgin olive oil”; ”virgin olive oil”; “metabolic syndrome”; “ type 2 diabetes”; ”diabetes mellitus”; “ obesity”; “atherosclerosis”; “Olive oil phenolic compounds”; “Olive oil polyphenols”; “ antioxidant activity”; and “Anti-inflammatory activity”).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Multiple studies have demonstrated that a diet rich in OO can aid in preventing atherosclerosis primarily by enhancing lipid profile. These favourable effects of OO are mainly ascribed to its abundance of phenolic compounds (PCs). Therefore, the bioactivity of olive oil phenolic compounds (OOPCs) could be related to various pharmacological characteristics such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-atherogenic, antithrombotic, antimutagenic, and hypoglycemic properties. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), tyrosol (Tr), Oleuropein (OLP), Oleocanthal (OLC), and Oleacein (OLE) are the PCs mainly involved in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This review focuses on appraising the current knowledge on the effect of OO, particularly its PCs, on metabolic diseases and discussing the underlying mechanism by which it exerts its effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143161491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100423
Vandana Garg , Deepapriya Velumani , Yu-Chieh Lin , Abdul Haye
Background
Probiotics are defined, classified, and regulated differently across countries, which affects consumer protection and market access for manufacturers. This review examined the regulatory similarities and differences for probiotics in the APAC region, the U.S., and Europe to address these challenges.
Method
A detailed literature search was conducted on databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and open sources of relevant regulatory authorities. Relevant articles, guidelines, and recommendations related to probiotics in APAC, U.S. and Europe were screened and reviewed.
Results
Probiotics are categorized as "food" in U.S., Europe, Japan, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia, with Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia also classifying them as "health supplements." Other terms like “functional food," "novel food," and "health functional food" are used in various countries. Claims for probiotics also vary internationally. Countries such as China, Philippines, and Singapore have pre-approved claims, while the U.S., South Korea, Australia & New Zealand, and India do not have any pre-approved claim. Europe enforces the strictest rules and generally does not approve any probiotic health claims, whereas U.S. and APAC regions are more flexible. For instance, in Thailand, claim of “reducing disease risk” is permitted.
Conclusion
Harmonizing the regulations could benefit consumers and manufacturers by ensuring consistent standards and facilitating market entry. This would help industry stakeholders navigate the complex regulatory landscape and aid consumers in understanding the benefits of probiotic products.
{"title":"A comprehensive review of probiotic claims regulations: Updates from Asia-Pacific, United States, and Europe","authors":"Vandana Garg , Deepapriya Velumani , Yu-Chieh Lin , Abdul Haye","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Probiotics are defined, classified, and regulated differently across countries, which affects consumer protection and market access for manufacturers. This review examined the regulatory similarities and differences for probiotics in the APAC region, the U.S., and Europe to address these challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A detailed literature search was conducted on databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and open sources of relevant regulatory authorities. Relevant articles, guidelines, and recommendations related to probiotics in APAC, U.S. and Europe were screened and reviewed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Probiotics are categorized as \"food\" in U.S., Europe, Japan, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia, with Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia also classifying them as \"health supplements.\" Other terms like “functional food,\" \"novel food,\" and \"health functional food\" are used in various countries. Claims for probiotics also vary internationally. Countries such as China, Philippines, and Singapore have pre-approved claims, while the U.S., South Korea, Australia & New Zealand, and India do not have any pre-approved claim. Europe enforces the strictest rules and generally does not approve any probiotic health claims, whereas U.S. and APAC regions are more flexible. For instance, in Thailand, claim of “reducing disease risk” is permitted.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Harmonizing the regulations could benefit consumers and manufacturers by ensuring consistent standards and facilitating market entry. This would help industry stakeholders navigate the complex regulatory landscape and aid consumers in understanding the benefits of probiotic products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100424
Salma Hosny Abd-allah Mohamed, Ghada Mahmoud Khafagy, Inas El Sayed, Hala Ahmed Hussein
Introduction
Depression is a prevalent mental condition that adversely affects the lives of millions globally. Research has examined the correlation between alterations in gut microbiota composition and depression, leading to increasing interest in the possible use of probiotics to restore gut microbiota balance and enhance mental health outcomes.
Aim
Our aim is to examine the impact of probiotic supplementation on depression in healthy people. By assessing the impact of non-pharmacological therapies aimed at the gut-brain axis, we aspire to contribute to the advancement of accessible and efficacious treatments for depression.
Methods
We assessed socioeconomic status and depression score at baseline in a randomized controlled experiment of healthy people. We then randomly allocated individuals to the intervention group, which got probiotic supplements and health information regarding probiotic-rich diets, or the control group, which received their regular diet. At the end of 12 weeks, we repeated the same measurements.
Results
The study indicated a notable enhancement in depression levels within the intervention group. The median depression score declined from 8 (IQR: 6–9) prior to the intervention to 3 (IQR: 3–5) following the intervention, indicating a 62.5 % enhancement. The control group had a marginal deterioration in depression ratings within the same timeframe, with the median score rising from 8 (IQR: 6–9) to 8.5 (IQR: 7–10), indicating a 6.25 % drop.
Conclusions
Probiotics exert a beneficial influence on both the occurrence and intensity of depression symptoms in healthy people, greatly alleviating these symptoms.
{"title":"The gut brain axis, effect of dietary changes and probiotics supplement on depression symptoms","authors":"Salma Hosny Abd-allah Mohamed, Ghada Mahmoud Khafagy, Inas El Sayed, Hala Ahmed Hussein","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Depression is a prevalent mental condition that adversely affects the lives of millions globally. Research has examined the correlation between alterations in gut microbiota composition and depression, leading to increasing interest in the possible use of probiotics to restore gut microbiota balance and enhance mental health outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Our aim is to examine the impact of probiotic supplementation on depression in healthy people. By assessing the impact of non-pharmacological therapies aimed at the gut-brain axis, we aspire to contribute to the advancement of accessible and efficacious treatments for depression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We assessed socioeconomic status and depression score at baseline in a randomized controlled experiment of healthy people. We then randomly allocated individuals to the intervention group, which got probiotic supplements and health information regarding probiotic-rich diets, or the control group, which received their regular diet. At the end of 12 weeks, we repeated the same measurements.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study indicated a notable enhancement in depression levels within the intervention group. The median depression score declined from 8 (IQR: 6–9) prior to the intervention to 3 (IQR: 3–5) following the intervention, indicating a 62.5 % enhancement. The control group had a marginal deterioration in depression ratings within the same timeframe, with the median score rising from 8 (IQR: 6–9) to 8.5 (IQR: 7–10), indicating a 6.25 % drop.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Probiotics exert a beneficial influence on both the occurrence and intensity of depression symptoms in healthy people, greatly alleviating these symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143148846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100421
Yugant Krishnakumar Talati, Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a condition characterized by diminished kidney function, affects approximately 10 % of the population worldwide. With its high mortality rate of ∼1.2 million, CKD poses a high global burden. The complexity increases severalfold due to its vast variety of aetiologies and relatively limited treatment options that, too, are associated with adverse effects. The continuous deterioration of the kidneys makes them reliant on external purification systems i.e., dialysis or whole kidney transplantation, both having certain limitations, making CKD one of the highly prevalent diseases across the globe. The multi-faceted disease requires multi-targeted therapies that can potentially improve CKD care. Natural products have long been considered the “holy grail” for many diseases, including CKD; their multi-targeting nature, fewer side effects, and ability to target multiple pathways have caught attention. The complexity increases when a single phytopharmaceutical cures a disease by acting on various targets and affecting diverse mechanisms. Identifying therapeutic targets and lead molecules thus becomes difficult and, at times, a big task! The network pharmacology (NP) tool has shifted this drug discovery paradigm towards a “multi-drug, multi-target” approach to underscore responsible molecular interconnections that unwind the therapeutic potential of natural products against CKD by predicting potential therapeutic targets and underlined molecular mechanisms. Applying NP for natural products in CKD can be a time-saving and cost-effective strategy. The present review emphasizes prominent classes of natural products and lead molecules obtained from herbal preparations, their explored multi-targeted effects against CKD, and novel targets predicted and validated using the NP approach.
{"title":"A therapeutic approach to identify leading molecules from natural products and therapeutic targets in CKD by network pharmacology","authors":"Yugant Krishnakumar Talati, Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a condition characterized by diminished kidney function, affects approximately 10 % of the population worldwide. With its high mortality rate of ∼1.2 million, CKD poses a high global burden. The complexity increases severalfold due to its vast variety of aetiologies and relatively limited treatment options that, too, are associated with adverse effects. The continuous deterioration of the kidneys makes them reliant on external purification systems <em>i.e.,</em> dialysis or whole kidney transplantation, both having certain limitations, making CKD one of the highly prevalent diseases across the globe. The multi-faceted disease requires multi-targeted therapies that can potentially improve CKD care. Natural products have long been considered the “holy grail” for many diseases, including CKD; their multi-targeting nature, fewer side effects, and ability to target multiple pathways have caught attention. The complexity increases when a single phytopharmaceutical cures a disease by acting on various targets and affecting diverse mechanisms. Identifying therapeutic targets and lead molecules thus becomes difficult and, at times, a big task! The network pharmacology (NP) tool has shifted this drug discovery paradigm towards a “multi-drug, multi-target” approach to underscore responsible molecular interconnections that unwind the therapeutic potential of natural products against CKD by predicting potential therapeutic targets and underlined molecular mechanisms. Applying NP for natural products in CKD can be a time-saving and cost-effective strategy. The present review emphasizes prominent classes of natural products and lead molecules obtained from herbal preparations, their explored multi-targeted effects against CKD, and novel targets predicted and validated using the NP approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a vision-threatening condition characterized by serous retinal detachment. Crocin, a carotenoid compound found in saffron, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various retinal diseases, but its efficacy in CSCR remains understudied.
Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, 40 patients with CSCR were assigned to receive either crocin (n=20) or placebo (n=20) over an eight-weeks period. Visual acuity, anatomical outcomes measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and adverse events were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention period.
Results
There were no significant differences observed in age, weight, body mass index, or gender distribution between the two groups (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). The changes in mean ETDRS letter score were significantly more in crocin group compared to the placebo group (4.27±3.63 vs 0.57±7.23, respectively, p=0.024). In the crocin group, 20 %, 40 % and 80 % of patients showed an improvement of 10,5 and 1 ETDRS letters, compared to only 7 %, 21 % and 29 % in the placebo group (p=0.316, p=0.280, p=0.005, respectively). While the crocin group exhibited greater mean reductions in sub-retinal fluid height, central macular thickness, and choroidal thickness compared to the placebo group, these differences did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). No adverse events associated with the trial intervention were reported by any patient in either the crocin or placebo group.
Conclusion
The findings of this pilot study suggest that crocin supplementation may lead to improvements in visual acuity in patients with CSCR. Differences in anatomical outcomes between crocin and placebo groups did not reach statistical significance in this pilot study.
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of crocin supplementation in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy, a pilot randomized double blinded clinical trial","authors":"Mohammadkarim Johari, Alireza Attar, Mojtaba Heydari","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a vision-threatening condition characterized by serous retinal detachment. Crocin, a carotenoid compound found in saffron, has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various retinal diseases, but its efficacy in CSCR remains understudied.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this randomized controlled trial, 40 patients with CSCR were assigned to receive either crocin (n=20) or placebo (n=20) over an eight-weeks period. Visual acuity, anatomical outcomes measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and adverse events were assessed at baseline and at the end of the intervention period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant differences observed in age, weight, body mass index, or gender distribution between the two groups (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). The changes in mean ETDRS letter score were significantly more in crocin group compared to the placebo group (4.27±3.63 vs 0.57±7.23, respectively, p=0.024). In the crocin group, 20 %, 40 % and 80 % of patients showed an improvement of 10,5 and 1 ETDRS letters, compared to only 7 %, 21 % and 29 % in the placebo group (p=0.316, p=0.280, p=0.005, respectively). While the crocin group exhibited greater mean reductions in sub-retinal fluid height, central macular thickness, and choroidal thickness compared to the placebo group, these differences did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). No adverse events associated with the trial intervention were reported by any patient in either the crocin or placebo group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this pilot study suggest that crocin supplementation may lead to improvements in visual acuity in patients with CSCR. Differences in anatomical outcomes between crocin and placebo groups did not reach statistical significance in this pilot study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100420
Cato Wiegers, Sofia el Sarraf, Olaf F.A. Larsen
Background
The global population is aging rapidly, which is associated with an increase in chronic diseases. One of the possible underlying causes of these chronic diseases is inflammaging, characterised by the general low-grade inflammation that occurs in the body as we age. However, it is unclear to what extent this concept is already being considered as a base for prevention or therapy.
Methods
In this study, the willingness of practicing dietitians in the Netherlands to apply interventions targeting inflammaging was evaluated. Beforehand, a literature study was executed to identify possible parameters for intervention, covering most nutritional, biological, and medical aspects related to inflammaging. Based on the findings of the literature study, dietitians were asked about their awareness of the concept, the willingness to adopt more knowledge, and practical approaches regarding their clients.
Results
It was found that of the 56 surveyed dietitians, approximately two-third were already aware of the concept, and among this group, another two-third indicated that inflammaging plays a role in their provision of dietary advice. Generally, the information provided by the dietitians was in line with what was identified in literature.
Conclusions
As a first pilot, it appears that dietitians recognise the impact of nutrition and lifestyle factors on the progression of inflammaging. The willingness to adopt evidence-based practices signifies the importance of continued education and professional development in this area. Eventually, focusing on inflammaging in policy making could be a supporting factor for healthcare systems in the shift from curative to preventive care.
{"title":"Dietitians’ knowledge and practice regarding inflammaging and related interventions: A pilot survey","authors":"Cato Wiegers, Sofia el Sarraf, Olaf F.A. Larsen","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The global population is aging rapidly, which is associated with an increase in chronic diseases. One of the possible underlying causes of these chronic diseases is inflammaging, characterised by the general low-grade inflammation that occurs in the body as we age. However, it is unclear to what extent this concept is already being considered as a base for prevention or therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, the willingness of practicing dietitians in the Netherlands to apply interventions targeting inflammaging was evaluated. Beforehand, a literature study was executed to identify possible parameters for intervention, covering most nutritional, biological, and medical aspects related to inflammaging. Based on the findings of the literature study, dietitians were asked about their awareness of the concept, the willingness to adopt more knowledge, and practical approaches regarding their clients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was found that of the 56 surveyed dietitians, approximately two-third were already aware of the concept, and among this group, another two-third indicated that inflammaging plays a role in their provision of dietary advice. Generally, the information provided by the dietitians was in line with what was identified in literature.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>As a first pilot, it appears that dietitians recognise the impact of nutrition and lifestyle factors on the progression of inflammaging. The willingness to adopt evidence-based practices signifies the importance of continued education and professional development in this area. Eventually, focusing on inflammaging in policy making could be a supporting factor for healthcare systems in the shift from curative to preventive care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100419
Satarupa Deb , Anupom Borah
Chronic inflammation, a persistent condition that can significantly impact the body, is linked to the development and progression of numerous chronic degenerative diseases. Understanding its complex role is essential for discovering innovative therapeutic approaches, particularly those derived from natural sources. These strategies aim to reduce chronic inflammation and mitigate its associated diseases. Historically, natural products have been used for their therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory effects. They often offer advantages such as abundant availability, cost-effectiveness, and fewer side effects compared to synthetic drugs. L-theanine, an amino acid primarily found in tea leaves, has garnered significant attention for its potential health benefits, especially its anti-inflammatory properties. Research suggests that L-theanine may decrease levels of inflammatory markers in the body and modulate the immune system, preventing excessive inflammatory responses. While the growing evidence supports L-theanine's ability to attenuate harmful inflammation, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying its action remain largely unknown. This review seeks to elucidate these mechanisms, providing a comprehensive understanding of its role in modulating inflammation and its potential as a natural therapeutic agent.
{"title":"Exploring the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic benefits of L-theanine in counteracting inflammation","authors":"Satarupa Deb , Anupom Borah","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic inflammation, a persistent condition that can significantly impact the body, is linked to the development and progression of numerous chronic degenerative diseases. Understanding its complex role is essential for discovering innovative therapeutic approaches, particularly those derived from natural sources. These strategies aim to reduce chronic inflammation and mitigate its associated diseases. Historically, natural products have been used for their therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory effects. They often offer advantages such as abundant availability, cost-effectiveness, and fewer side effects compared to synthetic drugs. L-theanine, an amino acid primarily found in tea leaves, has garnered significant attention for its potential health benefits, especially its anti-inflammatory properties. Research suggests that L-theanine may decrease levels of inflammatory markers in the body and modulate the immune system, preventing excessive inflammatory responses. While the growing evidence supports L-theanine's ability to attenuate harmful inflammation, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying its action remain largely unknown. This review seeks to elucidate these mechanisms, providing a comprehensive understanding of its role in modulating inflammation and its potential as a natural therapeutic agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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