PharmaNutrition最新文献_第6页

Clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with overweight in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A cross-sectional study 与患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和青少年超重有关的临床和社会人口因素：横断面研究

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100375

Joana Dias da Costa , Giuseppe Mario Carmine Pastura , Cleber Nascimento do Carmo , Renata Ribeiro Spinelli , Pamela Melo Krok Fedeszen , Letícia Victoria Souza da Cunha , Beatriz Bastos de Araújo , Patricia de Carvalho Padilha

Background

Overweight has been increasing globally in various age groups, including children and adolescents. Despite efforts to reduce instances of childhood obesity, research has shown that children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to be overweight more often than the general population. In this context, the aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with overweight in children and adolescents with ADHD treated at a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 40 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years who were diagnosed with ADHD. Height/age and body mass index (BMI)/age indices were used for anthropometric assessment, and the percentages of fat mass (%FM) and fat-free mass (%FFM) were estimated using bioelectrical impedance. Clinical (lipid profile and comorbidities) and sociodemographic variables were also obtained. The association between clinical and sociodemographic variables and overweight status was investigated using multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). The significance level was set at p < 0.05.

Results

Excessive weight occurred in 42.5% (n = 17) of the participants, 67% (n = 20) had inadequat% FM, and 27.5% (n = 11) had dyslipidemia. According to the MCA, “greater number of people in the family”, “lower maternal education”, “presence of comorbidities, and “generalized anxiety disorder” were more frequent among those with excess weight.

Conclusion

The findings provide insights on the clinical and sociodemographic variables associated with being overweight in children and adolescents with ADHD, which may contribute to the early detection of possible inadequacies in anthropometric status.

背景在全球范围内，包括儿童和青少年在内的各年龄段人群的超重现象日益增多。尽管人们在努力减少儿童肥胖症的发生，但研究表明，患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和青少年往往比一般人群更容易超重。在这种情况下，本研究旨在评估在里约热内卢一所大学医院接受治疗的患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的儿童和青少年中与超重相关的临床和社会人口因素。身高/年龄和体重指数（BMI）/年龄指数用于人体测量评估，脂肪含量（%FM）和无脂肪含量（%FFM）则通过生物电阻抗进行估算。此外，还获得了临床变量（血脂概况和合并症）和社会人口学变量。采用多重对应分析法（MCA）研究了临床和社会人口变量与超重状况之间的关联。结果 42.5%的参与者（17 人）体重超标，67%的参与者（20 人）FM 不足，27.5%的参与者（11 人）血脂异常。根据MCA，超重者中 "家庭人口较多"、"母亲受教育程度较低"、"存在合并症 "和 "广泛性焦虑症 "的发生率较高。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on inflammation status in cancer patients: Updated systematic review and dose- and time-response meta-analysis n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸对癌症患者炎症状态的影响：最新系统综述及剂量和时间反应荟萃分析

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100372

Mehrdad Jamali , Meysam Zarezadeh , Parsa Jamilian , Zohreh Ghoreishi

Background

Reducing inflammation levels can potentially reduce treatment-induced complications in cancer patients. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the effect of n-3 PUFAs on three main biomarkers of inflammation: tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and the Web of Science databases to find relevant studies. The difference between the intervention and control arms results was assessed by standardized mean differences (SMD) along with a 95% confidence interval.

Result

The study found that the SMD for TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6 was −0.63(95%CI:−0.89,−0.37, P < 0.001), −0.27(95%CI:−0.64,0.10, P = 0.15), −0.59(95%CI:−0.89,−0.29, P < 0.001) respectively, comparing the effects of n-3 PUFAs on study subjects compared to control. Subgroup analyses revealed heterogeneity sources for TNF-α and IL-6 but not for CRP. The study did not detect any indication of publication bias in the cases of TNF-α and CRP but detected it for IL-6.

Conclusion

N-3 PUFAs caused a significant reduction in levels of TNF-α IL-6 but not CRP in cancer patients. The findings support that n-3 PUFAs could be used as an add-on treatment for cancer patients, possibly because they reduce inflammation and do not have any known side effects in moderate doses.

背景降低炎症水平有可能减少癌症患者因治疗引起的并发症。这项荟萃分析旨在确定 n-3 PUFAs 对肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C 反应蛋白（CRP）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）这三种主要炎症生物标志物的影响。方法在 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行系统搜索，以找到相关研究。结果研究发现，TNF-α、CRP和IL-6的SMD为-0.63（95%CI：-0.89,-0.37，P = 0.001）、-0.27（95%CI：-0.64,0.10，P = 0.15）、-0.59（95%CI：-0.89,-0.29，P = 0.001）。亚组分析显示，TNF-α和IL-6存在异质性，但CRP不存在异质性。结论n-3 PUFAs能显著降低癌症患者的TNF-α IL-6水平，但不能降低CRP水平。研究结果表明，n-3 PUFAs 可作为癌症患者的辅助治疗药物，这可能是因为适量的 n-3 PUFAs 可减轻炎症反应，而且没有任何已知的副作用。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profiles in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis 补充左旋肉碱对成年人血脂状况的影响：系统综述和剂量反应荟萃分析

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100374

Sina Raissi Dehkordi , Mahsa Malekahmadi , Mahlagha Nikbaf-Shandiz , Niloufar Rasaei , Amir Mehdi Hosseini , Hossein Bahari , Samira Rastgoo , Omid Asbaghi , Farideh Shiraseb , Reza Behmadi

Background

We aimed to conduct this meta-analysis to systematically assess the effects of L-carnitine supplementation on levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), Apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) in adults.

Methods

A systematic search was done in databases such as PubMed, ISI Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus to find acceptable articles up to April 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of L-carnitine on lipid profiles in adults were included considering the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results

We included the 60 RCTs (n = 3933) with 64 effect sizes in this study. L-carnitine supplementation had a significant effect on TG (WMD= −10.33 mg/dl, P < 0.001), TC (WMD= −6.91 mg/dl, P = 0.032), LDL-C (WMD= −7.51 mg/dl, P < 0.001), HDL-C (WMD= 1.80 mg/dl, P = 0.007) in intervention, compared to a placebo group, in the pooled analysis. Moreover, we conducted the subgroup analyses that have shown L-carnitine supplementation had a reduction effect on TG in baseline ≥ 150 mg/dl, and in any trial duration (<12 and ≥12 weeks), intervention dose ≥ 2 g/day, in overweight (25–29.9 kg/m²) and obese (>30 kg/m²), in type ² diabetes and other health status. Also, L-carnitine significantly impacted TC in baseline ≥ 200 mg/dl, trial duration ≥ 12 weeks, intervention dose ≥ 2 g/day, obese (>30 kg/m²), and other health statuses.

Conclusions

Our results indicate L-carnitine significantly reduces the serum levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG and increases HDL-C, but it had no significant effect on the levels of apolipoproteins.

背景我们旨在进行这项荟萃分析，系统评估补充左旋肉碱对成人低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、载脂蛋白A（载脂蛋白A）和载脂蛋白B（载脂蛋白B）水平的影响。方法在 PubMed、ISI Web of Science、Cochrane Library 和 Scopus 等数据库中进行系统检索，以找到截至 2023 年 4 月可接受的文章。根据规定的纳入和排除标准，纳入了评估左旋肉碱对成人血脂状况影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。在汇总分析中，与安慰剂组相比，补充左旋肉碱对干预组的 TG（WMD= -10.33 mg/dl，P = 0.001）、TC（WMD= -6.91 mg/dl，P = 0.032）、LDL-C（WMD= -7.51 mg/dl，P = 0.001）、HDL-C（WMD= 1.80 mg/dl，P = 0.007）有显著影响。此外，我们还进行了亚组分析，结果表明，在基线≥150 mg/dl、任何试验持续时间（12 周和≥12 周）、干预剂量≥2 g/天、超重（25-29.9 kg/m2）和肥胖（30 kg/m2）、2 型糖尿病和其他健康状况下，补充左旋肉碱都有降低血脂的作用。此外，左旋肉碱对基线≥200 mg/dl、试验持续时间≥12周、干预剂量≥2 g/天、肥胖（30 kg/m2）和其他健康状况的人群的总胆固醇有明显影响。

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引用次数: 0

Short communication: Nutrient intake and total caloric intake are not entirely proportionate to metabolic disease prevalence 简短交流：营养素摄入量和总热量摄入量与代谢性疾病发病率不完全成正比

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100373

Cato Wiegers, Olaf F.A. Larsen

Background

Dietary composition has been brought up as one of the main causes of the dramatic rise of metabolic disease over the past years. Intake of specific (macro)nutrients such as fat and sugar have been associated with higher risk of metabolic syndrome, as well as a general excessive energy intake. In a previous study, we investigated trends in (macro)nutrient intake and metabolic disease in the United States, but total caloric intake was not addressed.

Methods

In this follow-up study, data on total caloric intake per capita per day was collected for the United States from 1900 until now. Total caloric intake was also calculated based on previously collected data on nutrient intake per capita per day. Trends were visualized and statistically compared with data previously collected regarding metabolic syndrome, obesity, and diabetes.

Results

It was found that total caloric intake has risen considerably, from approximately 3200 in the year 1900 to nearly 4000 from the year 2000 until now. The caloric intake did not correlate with the trends in metabolic disease prevalence, except for diagnosed (pre)diabetes.

Conclusions

As highlighted in our previous work, there is a discrepancy between nutrient and caloric intake and the steep rise in metabolic disease. This suggests that there are other factors that need to be addressed in future studies, in addition to excess nutrient and energy intake, as suspected causes of the metabolic disease epidemic.

背景过去几年来，膳食结构被认为是代谢性疾病急剧增加的主要原因之一。脂肪和糖等特定（宏）营养素的摄入与代谢综合征的高风险以及普遍的能量摄入过多有关。在之前的一项研究中，我们调查了美国（宏）营养素摄入量和代谢性疾病的趋势，但并未涉及总热量摄入量。总热量摄入量也是根据之前收集的人均每日营养素摄入量数据计算得出的。结果发现，总卡路里摄入量大幅上升，从 1900 年的约 3200 升至 2000 年至今的近 4000。除了已确诊的（前期）糖尿病外，热量摄入量与代谢性疾病发病率的趋势并不相关。这表明，除了营养素和能量摄入过多外，还有其他因素需要在今后的研究中加以探讨，因为它们是代谢性疾病流行的可疑原因。

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引用次数: 0

Zeaxanthin exerts anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and provides significant neuroprotection in mice subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion 玉米黄质在体外发挥抗炎作用，并为短暂性大脑中动脉闭塞的小鼠提供显著的神经保护作用

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100368

Daniele La Russa , Giorgia Manni , Chiara Di Santo , Benedetta Pieroni , Daniela Pellegrino , Francisco J. Barba , Giacinto Bagetta , Francesca Fallarino , Domenico Montesano , Diana Amantea

Background and aims

Preclinical and clinical evidence supports the value of nutraceuticals as prophylactic or adjuvant therapeutics to reduce stroke risk or to improve post-stroke recovery. Given the beneficial properties of xantophyll carotenoids, we aimed at assessing the putative neuroprotective effects of zeaxanthin, evaluating its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties in vitro and in vivo.

Methods and results

Exposure to zeaxanthin (25 μM for 24 h) reverted the elevation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression prompted by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in macrophages from mouse bone marrow. In mice subjected to transient (30-min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), oral pre-treatment with zeaxanthin (2 mg/kg, 48 h, 24 h and 1 h before MCAo) prevented the elevation of serum levels of reactive oxygen species induced by the ischemic insult, while it did not affect the reduction of antioxidant barrier efficiency. Analysis of lipid peroxidation showed a significant increase in hydroperoxide level in the brain of mice subjected to MCAo, and the latter effect was inhibited by pretreatment with zeaxanthin. Finally, we originally demonstrated that oral administration of zeaxanthin significantly reduced neurological deficits and brain damage caused by transient MCAo in mice.

Conclusions

Our data, in combination with the evidence that zeaxanthin is a well-tolerated carotenoid, strengthen the nutritional value of this xanthophyll in the prevention of ischemic stroke injury.

背景和目的临床和临床证据支持营养保健品作为预防或辅助治疗药物的价值，以降低中风风险或改善中风后的恢复。鉴于类胡萝卜素的有益特性，我们旨在评估玉米黄质的潜在神经保护作用，评价其在体外和体内的抗炎和抗氧化特性。方法和结果暴露于玉米黄质（25 μM，24 小时）可恢复小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞中肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α引起的诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）表达的升高。对短暂（30 分钟）大脑中动脉闭塞（MCAo）的小鼠，口服玉米黄质预处理（2 毫克/千克，MCAo 前 48 小时、24 小时和 1 小时）可防止缺血损伤引起的血清活性氧水平升高，但不会影响抗氧化屏障效率的降低。脂质过氧化分析表明，MCAo 小鼠脑内过氧化氢水平显著升高，而玉米黄质预处理可抑制过氧化氢水平的升高。结论我们的数据以及玉米黄质是一种耐受性良好的类胡萝卜素的证据，加强了这种叶黄素在预防缺血性中风损伤方面的营养价值。

{"title":"Zeaxanthin exerts anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and provides significant neuroprotection in mice subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion","authors":"Daniele La Russa , Giorgia Manni , Chiara Di Santo , Benedetta Pieroni , Daniela Pellegrino , Francisco J. Barba , Giacinto Bagetta , Francesca Fallarino , Domenico Montesano , Diana Amantea","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><p>Preclinical and clinical evidence supports the value of nutraceuticals as prophylactic or adjuvant therapeutics to reduce stroke risk or to improve post-stroke recovery. Given the beneficial properties of xantophyll carotenoids, we aimed at assessing the putative neuroprotective effects of zeaxanthin, evaluating its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties in vitro and in vivo.</p></div><div><h3>Methods and results</h3><p>Exposure to zeaxanthin (25 μM for 24 h) reverted the elevation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression prompted by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in macrophages from mouse bone marrow. In mice subjected to transient (30-min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo), oral pre-treatment with zeaxanthin (2 mg/kg, 48 h, 24 h and 1 h before MCAo) prevented the elevation of serum levels of reactive oxygen species induced by the ischemic insult, while it did not affect the reduction of antioxidant barrier efficiency. Analysis of lipid peroxidation showed a significant increase in hydroperoxide level in the brain of mice subjected to MCAo, and the latter effect was inhibited by pretreatment with zeaxanthin. Finally, we originally demonstrated that oral administration of zeaxanthin significantly reduced neurological deficits and brain damage caused by transient MCAo in mice.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our data, in combination with the evidence that zeaxanthin is a well-tolerated carotenoid, strengthen the nutritional value of this xanthophyll in the prevention of ischemic stroke injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213434423000403/pdfft?md5=d6f2c7200f49dc6eb6edf2946d3e7e7b&pid=1-s2.0-S2213434423000403-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139013976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of flaxseed as an effective approach for improving lipid profile parameters: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 应用亚麻籽作为改善血脂曲线参数的有效方法：随机对照试验的最新系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100366

Amir Hossein Moridpour , Masomeh Goodarzi , Zeynab Kavyani , Negarsadat Nademi , Maziar Daneshvar , Vali Musazadeh , Amir Hossein Faghfouri

Background

Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of flaxseed on lipid profile parameters; however, some others have reported contradictory results.

Aim of the review

The current study, therefore, aimed to provide a thorough understanding of the effects of flaxseed on lipid profile parameters in adults.

Methods

To this end, a comprehensive systematic search was conducted to collect the required trials from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar up to December 2022.

Results

75 trials were included in our meta-analysis (two trials were only presented as a systematic review). Our study results indicated that the flaxseed supplementation significantly decreased the total levels of cholesterol (TC) (SMD: −0.57; 95% CI: −0.80, −0.33, P < 0.001), triglyceride (TG) (SMD: −0.61; 95% CI: −0.87, −0.35, P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (SMD: −0.36; 95% CI: −0.61, −0.11; P = 0.005), and LDL-C/HDL-C ratios (SMD: −0.92, 95% CI: −1.35, −0.49, P < 0.010). However, flaxseed did not change the levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (SMD: 0.16; 95% CI: −0.03, 0.35, P = 0.097), and TC/HDL-C ratio (SMD: −0.35; 95% CI: −0.81, 0.11; P = 0.139).

Conclusion

It was concluded that the flaxseed supplementation may have improved the lipid profile. Therefore, it was recommended that flaxseed should be used as an adjuvant anti-hyperlipidemic agent.

背景大量研究表明亚麻籽对血脂指标有益处；但也有一些研究报告了相互矛盾的结果。方法为此，我们进行了全面的系统检索，从 PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science 数据库和谷歌学术中收集了截至 2022 年 12 月的所需试验。我们的研究结果表明，补充亚麻籽可显著降低总胆固醇（TC）水平（SMD：-0.57；95% CI：-0.80，-0.33，P < 0.001）、甘油三酯（TG）水平（SMD：-0.61；95% CI：-0.87，-0.35，P <；0.001）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）（SMD：-0.36；95% CI：-0.61，-0.11；P = 0.005）和 LDL-C/HDL-C 比率（SMD：-0.92，95% CI：-1.35，-0.49，P <；0.010）。然而，亚麻籽并未改变高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平（SMD：0.16；95% CI：-0.03，0.35，P = 0.097）和 TC/HDL-C 比率（SMD：-0.35；95% CI：-0.81，0.11；P = 0.139）。因此，建议将亚麻籽用作辅助抗高血脂药物。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of supplementation with a multi-species synbiotic on serum lipid profile, abundance of beneficial gut bacteria and firmicutes to bacteroidetes ratio in patients with dyslipidemia; a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial 补充多菌种合生素对血脂异常患者血清脂质概况、肠道有益菌丰度和固缩菌与类杆菌比例的影响；一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照临床试验

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100367

Shekoufeh Salamat , Mohammad Reza Tabandeh , Alireza Jahan-Mihan , Anahita Mansoori

Background

Dysbiosis an imbalance of gut microbiota (GM) may contribute to the development of metabolic disorders including dyslipidemia. Synbiotics have been suggested to modulate GM composition and in turn, they may alter lipid metabolism. We aimed to evaluate the effects of synbiotic supplementation on serum lipid profile, abundance of dominant gut bacteria, and also the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in adults with dyslipidemia.

Methods

Fifty-six adults with dyslipidemia were enrolled in a randomized, clinical trial. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either synbiotic or placebo sachets for 12 weeks. Each synbiotic sachet contains (a total dose of 3 ×10¹⁰ colony forming units, CFU/gram) six species of probiotic microorganisms with 5-gram inulin and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) in equal amounts as prebiotics. Serum lipid profile, fecal bacteria abundance, dietary intake, physical activity level (PAL), and anthropometric measures, were assessed at the baseline and after intervention.

Results

No significant changes were observed in participants' dietary intake, PA, and anthropometric indices within and between groups after 12 weeks of intervention. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) showed a significant increase (p = 0.0008), while no significant change in other lipid profile components was observed. The abundance of fecal Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium was significantly increased in the synbiotic group (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, and p = 0.032 respectively). However, 12 weeks of synbiotic supplementation didn’t affect F/B Ratio (p = 0.43) at the end of the study.

Conclusions

Twelve weeks of supplementation with multi-species synbiotic may improve HDL-C and enhance the abundance of beneficial gut bacteria in patients with dyslipidemia.

背景:肠道菌群失调(GM)可能导致代谢紊乱，包括血脂异常。合成制剂被认为可以调节转基因成分，进而改变脂质代谢。我们的目的是评估合成菌补充剂对血脂谱、优势肠道细菌丰度以及血脂异常成人厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门(F/B)比值的影响。方法:56名患有血脂异常的成年人参加了一项随机临床试验。参与者被随机分配接受合成或安慰剂包12周。每个合成小袋含有6种益生菌微生物(总剂量为3个×1010菌落形成单位，CFU/克)，其中5克菊粉和低聚果糖(FOS)等量作为益生元。在基线和干预后评估血清脂质谱、粪便细菌丰度、饮食摄入量、身体活动水平(PAL)和人体测量值。结果干预12周后，组内及组间受试者的饮食摄入、PA和人体测量指标均无显著变化。高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)显著升高(p = 0.0008)，而其他脂质组分无显著变化。合成菌组粪便中厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的丰度显著增加(p <0.0001, p <0.0001, p <0.0001, p = 0.032)。然而，在研究结束时，补充12周的合成菌没有影响F/B比(p = 0.43)。结论补充多菌种合成菌12周可改善血脂异常患者的HDL-C水平，提高有益肠道菌群的丰度。

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引用次数: 0

Intravenous vitamin C against acute respiratory distress syndrome: A narrative review 静脉注射维生素 C 预防急性呼吸窘迫综合征：叙述性综述

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100365

Alberto Boretti

Background

The use of intravenous vitamin C (IV-Vit-C) in the context of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been a topic of interest and research. ARDS is a severe and life-threatening form of respiratory failure that can be triggered by various factors, including infections, trauma, and inflammatory conditions. Some studies and clinical trials have explored the potential benefits of high-dose intravenous vitamin C in the treatment of ARDS, particularly in the context of severe respiratory illnesses such as those caused by viral infections.

Methods

Two literature reviews are performed by using the google scholar data base (scholar.google.com), one searching for “CITRIS-ALI”, and the other searching for “COVID-19 Vitamin C”, without any time restrictions, and selecting specific works, and citing or cited works, deemed appropriate. All the works included in the c19early.org data base are then indirectly considered through their statistical summary of improvements.

Results

Most of the studies support the use of IV-Vit-C against ARDS in general, including the COVID-19 induced ARDS. From the statistical analysis of 66 COVID-19 Vit-C studies, both IV and oral, there is a 18 % improvement in prophylaxis (RR 0.82 CI 0.69–0.97), a 37 % improvement in early treatment (RR 0.63, CI 0.41–0.98), and 21 % improvement in late treatment (RR 0.79, CI 0.70–0.88). Specific to this latter result are 39 studies of the 66.

Conclusions

While IV-Vit-C was not a cure for COVID-19, it was a pragmatic but effectual means to reduce the COVID-19 mortality in cases of late infections and ARDS. IV and oral Vit-C may be considered one of the tools treating general ARDS.

静脉注射维生素C (iv - vitc)在急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)中的应用一直是人们关注和研究的话题。急性呼吸窘迫综合征是一种严重的危及生命的呼吸衰竭，可由多种因素引发，包括感染、创伤和炎症。一些研究和临床试验已经探索了高剂量静脉注射维生素C治疗急性呼吸窘迫综合征的潜在益处，特别是在病毒感染引起的严重呼吸系统疾病的情况下。方法使用google scholar数据库(scholar.google.com)进行两篇文献综述，一篇检索“CITRIS-ALI”，另一篇检索“COVID-19维生素C”，不受时间限制，选择特定的文献，并在认为合适的情况下引用或被引文献。然后，c19early.org数据库中包含的所有作品都通过其改进的统计摘要间接考虑。结果大多数研究支持使用iv - vitc治疗ARDS，包括COVID-19诱导的ARDS。通过对66项COVID-19 vitc研究的统计分析，包括静脉注射和口服，预防改善18% (RR 0.82 CI 0.69-0.97)，早期治疗改善37% (RR 0.63, CI 0.41-0.98)，晚期治疗改善21% (RR 0.79, CI 0.70-0.88)。这66项研究中有39项与后一项结果相关。结论iv - vitc虽不能完全治愈COVID-19，但对于降低晚期感染和ARDS患者的COVID-19死亡率是一种实用而有效的手段。静脉和口服维生素c可被认为是治疗一般ARDS的工具之一。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of berberine supplementation on lipid profile and obesity indices: An umbrella review of meta-analysis 补充小檗碱对血脂和肥胖指数的影响:荟萃分析综述

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100364

Zeynab Kavyani , Erfan shahhosseini , Amir Hossein Moridpour , Maryam Falahatzadeh , Mahdi Vajdi , Vali Musazadeh , Gholamreza Askari

Background

Several meta-analyses reported berberine supplementation improves lipid profile and obesity indices, but findings remain conflicting.

Aim of the review

Therefore, we carried out an umbrella review of meta-analysis in order to examine whether berberine supplementation on lipid profile and obesity indices.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to December 2022.

Results

Berberine supplementation was effective in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (ES_SMD: −0.56 mg/dL; 95% CI: −0.74 to −0.38, p < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (ES_SMD: −0.57 mg/dL, 95% CI: −0.69 to −0.44, p < 0.001), triglyceride (TG) (ES_SMD: −0.47 mg/dL; 95% CI: −0.56 to −0.37, p < 0.001) according to SMD analysis. In addition, berberine significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (ES_SMD: 0.14 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.08–0.20, p < 0.001) according to SMD analysis. Also, the findings showed that berberine resulted in a significant decrease in waist circumference (WC) (ES _WMD: −1.30 cm; 95% CI: −1.91 to −0.69, p < 0.001), but not in body weight (ES_WMD: −0.86 kg; 95% CI: −2.12 to 0.41), body mass index (BMI) (ES_WMD: −0.57 kg/m²; 95% CI: −1.21 to 0.06, p = 0.078, and ES_SMD: −0.28 kg/m²; 95% CI: −070 to 0.14, p = 0.186), and waist-to-height ratio (WHR) levels (ES_SMD: −0.40; 95% CI: −1.26 to 0.47, p = 0.369).

Conclusion

The results of our study revealed that the supplementation of berberine could be effective in improving WC, and lipid profile, although the impact of this supplement on obesity indices needs further investigation.

背景:一些荟萃分析报道，补充小檗碱可以改善血脂和肥胖指数，但研究结果仍然存在矛盾。因此，我们对荟萃分析进行了综合综述，以检验黄连素补充剂是否对血脂和肥胖指数有影响。方法系统检索截至2022年12月的PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Web of Science、Google Scholar等数据库。结果补充小檗碱能有效降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C) (ESSMD: - 0.56 mg/dL;95% CI: - 0.74至- 0.38,p <0.001)，总胆固醇(TC) (ESSMD: - 0.57 mg/dL, 95% CI: - 0.69 ~ - 0.44, p <0.001)，甘油三酯(TG) (ESSMD:−0.47 mg/dL;95% CI: - 0.56 ~ - 0.37, p <0.001)，根据SMD分析。此外，小檗碱显著增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C) (ESSMD: 0.14 mg/dL;95% CI: 0.08-0.20, p <0.001)，根据SMD分析。此外，研究结果表明，小檗碱导致腰围(WC)显著降低(ES WMD: - 1.30 cm;95% CI: - 1.91 ~ - 0.69, p <0.001)，但与体重无关(ESWMD:−0.86 kg;95% CI:−2.12 ~ 0.41)，体重指数(BMI) (ESWMD:−0.57 kg/m2;95% CI:−1.21 ~ 0.06,p = 0.078, ESSMD:−0.28 kg/m2;95% CI:−070 ~ 0.14,p = 0.186)，腰高比(WHR)水平(ESSMD:−0.40;95% CI:−1.26 ~ 0.47,p = 0.369)。结论本研究结果显示，添加小檗碱可有效改善体重和血脂，但对肥胖指标的影响有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the impact of mulberry fruits on metabolic syndrome: A systematic review of current evidence 探索桑葚果实对代谢综合征的影响:对现有证据的系统回顾

IF 3.2 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100363

Matilde Tornaghi , Ali Ali Redha , Mariangela Rondanelli , Simone Perna

Background

Mulberries are rich in nutrients including a wide range of polyphenols that possess different bioactive properties. This systematic review illustrates mulberry's potential as a promising plant food for mitigating the perturbations associated with metabolic syndrome.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted on 1st March 2023 in Scopus and PubMed. A total of 15 eligible studies (in vitro and in vivo) studies evaluating the effect of mulberries on metabolic syndrome-related factors such as obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol and high blood pressure were included.

Results

Predominantly, the studies have centred around its anti-visceral-obesity and lipid-reducing effects. The interventions in these studies spanned 8–12 weeks, employing modest oral doses—ranging from 10 to 800 of mg/kg of body weight per day—of mulberry extracts, powders, or freeze-dried fruits. The favorable effects of mulberry are predominantly ascribed to its rich polyphenolic content, which interacts with diverse metabolic pathways. In terms of its anti-visceral-obesity effect, these polyphenolic compounds, particularly anthocyanins, exhibit the capacity to modulate fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis, enhance mitochondrial function, and attenuate reactive oxygen species accumulation. In vivo, constituents such as resveratrol, rutin, and anthocyanins demonstrate efficacy in inhibiting lipid synthesis, accumulation, and oxidation, leveraging their free radical scavenging ability, while concurrently orchestrating metabolic modulation in tandem with prebiotic agents.

Conclusions

Based on these data, it can be inferred that the utilization of white mulberry holds greater promise in the management of ailments like hypertension and dyslipidemia. Conversely, black mulberry displays efficacy in addressing diabetes and obesity.

桑葚含有丰富的营养物质，包括多种具有不同生物活性的多酚。这篇系统的综述说明了桑树作为一种有前途的植物性食物的潜力，可以减轻与代谢综合征相关的扰动。系统检索于2023年3月1日在Scopus和PubMed中进行。共纳入15项符合条件的研究(体外和体内)，评估桑葚对代谢综合征相关因素(如肥胖、糖尿病、高胆固醇和高血压)的影响。这些研究主要集中在其抗内脏肥胖和降脂作用上。这些研究的干预措施持续了8-12周，采用适度的口服剂量——每天10 - 800毫克/千克体重的桑树提取物、粉末或冻干水果。桑树的有益作用主要归因于其丰富的多酚含量，多酚与多种代谢途径相互作用。就其抗内脏肥胖作用而言，这些多酚类化合物，特别是花青素，具有调节脂肪酸和甘油三酯合成、增强线粒体功能和减弱活性氧积累的能力。在体内，白藜芦醇、芦丁和花青素等成分显示出抑制脂质合成、积累和氧化的功效，利用它们的自由基清除能力，同时与益生元制剂协同协调代谢调节。基于这些数据，可以推断，白桑葚的利用在高血压和血脂异常等疾病的管理中具有更大的希望。相反，黑桑在治疗糖尿病和肥胖方面显示出功效。

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引用次数: 0