PharmaNutrition最新文献_第6页

Advancements in psoriasis management: Integrating nutrient supplement with gut-brain-skin connection 牛皮癣治疗的进展：将营养补充剂与肠道-大脑-皮肤的联系结合起来

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100416

Smriti Mishra , Shikha Saxena , Rajendra Awasthi

Background

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects a large population globally and poses a significant challenge in clinical care due to its multifaceted characteristics. Recent studies show the relationship between the gut, brain, and skin, unveiling the potential for novel therapeutic approaches.

Methods

This review includes papers published from 1991 to 2024 exploring various advancements in psoriasis management. We also explored various techniques to encapsulate natural bioactive molecules with anti-psoriatic activity. The published articles were searched using various databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, Clinical Trials, and Google Scholar.

Results

The gut microbiome contains numerous microorganisms that influence immune regulation and inflammation. The pathogenesis of psoriasis has implicated an imbalance in gut microbes, known as gut dysbiosis. Probiotics, prebiotics, and other dietary interventions can help restore microbial balance and improve psoriasis symptoms. Furthermore, the gut microbiota can modulate neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, impacting communication between the gut, brain, and skin. Stress, a well-established trigger for psoriasis exacerbations, disrupts the gut-brain-skin axis. Nutrient supplements like omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, probiotic supplements, herbal supplements, etc. can reduce inflammation and enhance skin health. Deficiency in nutrients like vitamin D may contribute to psoriasis development. Targeting inflammatory pathways, balancing gut microbiomes, and addressing nutritional deficiencies can improve psoriasis treatment outcomes.

Conclusion

Natural bioactives have demonstrated antipsoriatic efficacy in several preclinical and clinical studies done in more recent years. Large-scale clinical trials using encapsulated natural bioactives are still needed to demonstrate their antipsoriatic activity and ability to regulate the gut-brain-skin axis.

背景银屑病是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，影响着全球众多人群，由于其多方面的特点，给临床治疗带来了巨大挑战。最近的研究显示了肠道、大脑和皮肤之间的关系，揭示了新型治疗方法的潜力。方法本综述收录了 1991 年至 2024 年发表的论文，探讨了银屑病治疗的各种进展。我们还探讨了封装具有抗银屑病活性的天然生物活性分子的各种技术。我们使用 Scopus、Web of Science、Clinical Trials 和 Google Scholar 等多个数据库对已发表的文章进行了检索。银屑病的发病机制与肠道微生物失衡有关，即肠道菌群失调。益生菌、益生元和其他饮食干预措施有助于恢复微生物平衡，改善银屑病症状。此外，肠道微生物群还能调节神经递质和神经肽，影响肠道、大脑和皮肤之间的交流。压力是牛皮癣加重的公认诱因，会破坏肠道-大脑-皮肤轴。欧米伽-3 脂肪酸、多酚、益生菌补充剂、草药补充剂等营养补充剂可以减轻炎症，增强皮肤健康。缺乏维生素 D 等营养素可能会导致牛皮癣的发生。针对炎症途径、平衡肠道微生物群和解决营养缺乏问题可以改善银屑病的治疗效果。要证明天然生物活性物质的抗银屑病活性和调节肠道-大脑-皮肤轴的能力，还需要使用封装的天然生物活性物质进行大规模临床试验。

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引用次数: 0

A therapeutic approach to identify leading molecules from natural products and therapeutic targets in CKD by network pharmacology 通过网络药理学从天然产品中发现主导分子并确定慢性肾脏病治疗靶点的治疗方法

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100421

Yugant Krishnakumar Talati, Anil Bhanudas Gaikwad

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), a condition characterized by diminished kidney function, affects approximately 10 % of the population worldwide. With its high mortality rate of ∼1.2 million, CKD poses a high global burden. The complexity increases severalfold due to its vast variety of aetiologies and relatively limited treatment options that, too, are associated with adverse effects. The continuous deterioration of the kidneys makes them reliant on external purification systems i.e., dialysis or whole kidney transplantation, both having certain limitations, making CKD one of the highly prevalent diseases across the globe. The multi-faceted disease requires multi-targeted therapies that can potentially improve CKD care. Natural products have long been considered the “holy grail” for many diseases, including CKD; their multi-targeting nature, fewer side effects, and ability to target multiple pathways have caught attention. The complexity increases when a single phytopharmaceutical cures a disease by acting on various targets and affecting diverse mechanisms. Identifying therapeutic targets and lead molecules thus becomes difficult and, at times, a big task! The network pharmacology (NP) tool has shifted this drug discovery paradigm towards a “multi-drug, multi-target” approach to underscore responsible molecular interconnections that unwind the therapeutic potential of natural products against CKD by predicting potential therapeutic targets and underlined molecular mechanisms. Applying NP for natural products in CKD can be a time-saving and cost-effective strategy. The present review emphasizes prominent classes of natural products and lead molecules obtained from herbal preparations, their explored multi-targeted effects against CKD, and novel targets predicted and validated using the NP approach.

慢性肾脏病（CKD）是一种以肾功能减退为特征的疾病，影响着全球约 10% 的人口。慢性肾脏病的死亡率高达 120 万，给全球造成了沉重的负担。由于病因种类繁多，治疗方法相对有限，而且还伴有不良反应，其复杂性增加了数倍。肾脏的持续恶化使其不得不依赖外部净化系统，即透析或全肾移植，这两种方法都有一定的局限性，从而使 CKD 成为全球高发疾病之一。这种多发性疾病需要多靶点疗法来改善 CKD 护理。长期以来，天然产品一直被认为是包括 CKD 在内的许多疾病的 "圣杯"；它们的多靶点性、较少的副作用以及靶向多种途径的能力引起了人们的关注。当一种植物药通过作用于不同靶点和影响不同机制来治疗疾病时，其复杂性就会增加。因此，确定治疗靶点和先导分子变得十分困难，有时甚至是一项艰巨的任务！网络药理学（NP）工具将这种药物发现范式转变为 "多药物、多靶点 "方法，通过预测潜在的治疗靶点和强调分子机制，强调负责任的分子相互联系，从而发掘天然产品治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的潜力。在 CKD 中应用天然产物 NP 可以是一种省时且具有成本效益的策略。本综述强调了从中草药制剂中获得的天然产品和先导分子的主要类别、它们对 CKD 的多靶点作用，以及使用 NP 方法预测和验证的新靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Melatonin supplementation in preclinical colitis models: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis on inflammation, oxidative stress, and colon repair 在临床前结肠炎模型中补充褪黑素：关于炎症、氧化应激和结肠修复的系统综述和剂量反应荟萃分析

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100414

Yahya Asemani , Reza Heidari , Fatemeh Ezzatifar , Saeed Mehrzadi , Reza Mosaed , Esmail Karami , Hossein fasihi , Mohsen Chamanara , Amirabbas Rostami

Background

Ulcerative colitis (UC), an autoimmune form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), leads to chronic inflammation of the colon. Existing treatments often fall short, highlighting the need for alternative or supplementary therapies. Melatonin, known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, shows promise in this context. Thus, this study conducts a dose-response meta-analysis and systematic review of preclinical models to evaluate melatonin's effectiveness in UC.

Methods

Extensive searches in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were performed, adhering to SYRCLE’s risk of bias guidelines, and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024511595). Random-effects models calculated standard mean differences (SMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for disease activity indices, inflammatory markers, and antioxidant defenses.

Results

Out of 860 screened records, 72 studies met the inclusion criteria. Melatonin was found to significantly lower the ulcer index (SMD = −3.19) and malondialdehyde levels (SMD = −2.31). It also notably suppressed key pro-inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α (SMD = −1.14), IL-6 (SMD = −1.44), IL-1β (SMD = −1.63) and IL-17 (SMD = −1.77), while enhancing antioxidant defenses, particularly glutathione levels (SMD = 2.80). Furthermore, melatonin effectively modulated critical inflammatory regulators including nuclear factor kappa B (SMD = −1.97) and cyclooxygenase-2 (SMD = −1.34). The optimal therapeutic dose was identified as up to 10 mg/kg, with the highest efficacy observed via intraperitoneal and intracolonic administration routes.

Conclusion

Melatonin showed significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and tissue-repairing benefits in preclinical UC models, supporting clinical trials to confirm its therapeutic potential and optimal dosing.

背景溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是炎症性肠病（IBD）的一种自身免疫形式，会导致结肠慢性炎症。现有的治疗方法往往效果不佳，因此需要替代或辅助疗法。褪黑素以其抗氧化和抗炎作用而闻名，在这方面大有可为。因此，本研究对临床前模型进行了剂量反应荟萃分析和系统综述，以评估褪黑激素对 UC 的有效性。方法在 PubMed、Scopus、Embase 和 Web of Science 中进行了广泛的检索，遵守了 SYRCLE 的偏倚风险指南，并在 PROSPERO（CRD42024511595）上进行了注册。随机效应模型计算了疾病活动指数、炎症标志物和抗氧化防御能力的标准平均差（SMD）和95%置信区间（CI）。研究发现，褪黑素能明显降低溃疡指数（SMD = -3.19）和丙二醛水平（SMD = -2.31）。它还明显抑制了主要的促炎介质，包括TNF-α（SMD =-1.14）、IL-6（SMD =-1.44）、IL-1β（SMD =-1.63）和IL-17（SMD =-1.77），同时提高了抗氧化防御能力，特别是谷胱甘肽水平（SMD = 2.80）。此外，褪黑素还能有效调节关键的炎症调节因子，包括核因子卡巴B（SMD =-1.97）和环氧化酶-2（SMD =-1.34）。结论褪黑素在临床前 UC 模型中显示出显著的抗炎、抗氧化和组织修复功效，支持临床试验以确认其治疗潜力和最佳剂量。

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引用次数: 0

The gut brain axis, effect of dietary changes and probiotics supplement on depression symptoms 肠脑轴，饮食变化和益生菌补充对抑郁症状的影响

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100424

Salma Hosny Abd-allah Mohamed, Ghada Mahmoud Khafagy, Inas El Sayed, Hala Ahmed Hussein

Introduction

Depression is a prevalent mental condition that adversely affects the lives of millions globally. Research has examined the correlation between alterations in gut microbiota composition and depression, leading to increasing interest in the possible use of probiotics to restore gut microbiota balance and enhance mental health outcomes.

Aim

Our aim is to examine the impact of probiotic supplementation on depression in healthy people. By assessing the impact of non-pharmacological therapies aimed at the gut-brain axis, we aspire to contribute to the advancement of accessible and efficacious treatments for depression.

Methods

We assessed socioeconomic status and depression score at baseline in a randomized controlled experiment of healthy people. We then randomly allocated individuals to the intervention group, which got probiotic supplements and health information regarding probiotic-rich diets, or the control group, which received their regular diet. At the end of 12 weeks, we repeated the same measurements.

Results

The study indicated a notable enhancement in depression levels within the intervention group. The median depression score declined from 8 (IQR: 6–9) prior to the intervention to 3 (IQR: 3–5) following the intervention, indicating a 62.5 % enhancement. The control group had a marginal deterioration in depression ratings within the same timeframe, with the median score rising from 8 (IQR: 6–9) to 8.5 (IQR: 7–10), indicating a 6.25 % drop.

Conclusions

Probiotics exert a beneficial influence on both the occurrence and intensity of depression symptoms in healthy people, greatly alleviating these symptoms.

抑郁症是一种普遍存在的精神疾病，对全球数百万人的生活产生了不利影响。研究已经检查了肠道微生物群组成变化与抑郁症之间的相关性，导致人们对使用益生菌恢复肠道微生物群平衡和改善心理健康结果的可能性越来越感兴趣。我们的目的是研究益生菌补充剂对健康人群抑郁症的影响。通过评估针对肠脑轴的非药物治疗的影响，我们渴望为抑郁症的可及和有效治疗的进步做出贡献。方法对健康人群进行社会经济地位和抑郁评分的随机对照实验。然后，我们随机将个体分配到干预组，干预组获得益生菌补充剂和有关富含益生菌的饮食的健康信息，对照组则接受常规饮食。在12周结束时，我们重复相同的测量。结果干预组患者抑郁水平明显提高。中位抑郁评分从干预前的8分（IQR: 6-9）下降到干预后的3分（IQR: 3 - 5），表明提高了62.5 %。在同一时间段内，对照组的抑郁评分略有下降，中位数从8分（IQR: 6-9）上升到8.5分（IQR: 7-10），下降了6.25 %。结论益生菌对健康人群抑郁症状的发生和强度均有有益影响，可显著缓解抑郁症状。

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引用次数: 0

Efficacy and safety of liraglutide on C-reactive protein (CRP) in adults with type 2 diabetes: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of controlled trials 利拉鲁肽对成人 2 型糖尿病患者 C 反应蛋白 (CRP) 的疗效和安全性：对对照试验进行GRADE评估的系统综述和剂量反应荟萃分析

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100409

Nazanin Mozaffari , Mohammad Vesal Bideshki , Mohsen Mohammadi Sartang , Mehrdad Behzadi

Background

Liraglutide (LRG) is an analog of glucagon-like-peptide-1 which has beneficial effects on controlling glycemic in diabetes patients. However, the effect of liraglutide on the C-reactive protein (CRP) was controversial in different studies. So, this study aimed to investigate the effect of LRG on CRP in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods

Through March 2024, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus electronic databases were searched for pertinent studies. Calculation of 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) and mean differences was done using random effects model. Standard methods assessed dose-response, meta-regression, sensitivity, and publication bias. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) was used to calculate evidence certainty.

Results

Finally, after reviewing 9 eligible studies with 10 arms including 1494 participants, a significant decrease in CRP levels was observed after treatment with LRG (WMD = −0.692 mg/L, 95 % CI: −1.01, −0.37, P<0.001). According to the results of the subgroup, LRG had greater effects in obese patients (Body mass index ≥30), high-quality studies, dosages >1.6 mg/d and durations ≥24 weeks. Linear (P<0.001) and non-linear (P _{dose-response} =0.009) dose-response associations were observed between LRG dosages and CRP levels. According to the GRADE, evidence for CRP was high.

Conclusions

LRG had beneficial effects on CRP levels in adults with T2DM, especially in obese patients.

背景利拉鲁肽（LRG）是胰高血糖素样肽-1的类似物，对控制糖尿病患者的血糖有好处。然而，不同研究对利拉鲁肽对C反应蛋白（CRP）的影响存在争议。因此，本研究旨在探讨利拉鲁肽对成人 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者 CRP 的影响。方法截至 2024 年 3 月，在 Web of Science、PubMed 和 Scopus 电子数据库中检索了相关研究。使用随机效应模型计算95%置信区间（CI）和平均差异。采用标准方法评估剂量反应、元回归、敏感性和发表偏倚。结果最终，在回顾了9项符合条件的研究，共10个研究臂，包括1494名参与者后，观察到LRG治疗后CRP水平显著下降（WMD = -0.692 mg/L，95 % CI：-1.01，-0.37，P<0.001）。根据亚组结果，LRG对肥胖患者（体重指数≥30）、高质量研究、剂量>1.6 mg/d、持续时间≥24周的疗效更好。LRG剂量与CRP水平之间存在线性（P<0.001）和非线性（P剂量-反应=0.009）剂量-反应关系。结论LRG对患有T2DM的成人，尤其是肥胖患者的CRP水平有益处。

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of liraglutide on C-reactive protein (CRP) in adults with type 2 diabetes: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of controlled trials","authors":"Nazanin Mozaffari , Mohammad Vesal Bideshki , Mohsen Mohammadi Sartang , Mehrdad Behzadi","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Liraglutide (LRG) is an analog of glucagon-like-peptide-1 which has beneficial effects on controlling glycemic in diabetes patients. However, the effect of liraglutide on the C-reactive protein (CRP) was controversial in different studies. So, this study aimed to investigate the effect of LRG on CRP in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Through March 2024, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus electronic databases were searched for pertinent studies. Calculation of 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) and mean differences was done using random effects model. Standard methods assessed dose-response, meta-regression, sensitivity, and publication bias. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) was used to calculate evidence certainty.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Finally, after reviewing 9 eligible studies with 10 arms including 1494 participants, a significant decrease in CRP levels was observed after treatment with LRG (WMD = −0.692 mg/L, 95 % CI: −1.01, −0.37, P<0.001). According to the results of the subgroup, LRG had greater effects in obese patients (Body mass index ≥30), high-quality studies, dosages >1.6 mg/d and durations ≥24 weeks. Linear (P<0.001) and non-linear (P <sub>dose-response</sub> =0.009) dose-response associations were observed between LRG dosages and CRP levels. According to the GRADE, evidence for CRP was high.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>LRG had beneficial effects on CRP levels in adults with T2DM, especially in obese patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 100409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dietitians’ knowledge and practice regarding inflammaging and related interventions: A pilot survey 营养师对炎症及相关干预措施的了解和实践：试点调查

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100420

Cato Wiegers, Sofia el Sarraf, Olaf F.A. Larsen

Background

The global population is aging rapidly, which is associated with an increase in chronic diseases. One of the possible underlying causes of these chronic diseases is inflammaging, characterised by the general low-grade inflammation that occurs in the body as we age. However, it is unclear to what extent this concept is already being considered as a base for prevention or therapy.

Methods

In this study, the willingness of practicing dietitians in the Netherlands to apply interventions targeting inflammaging was evaluated. Beforehand, a literature study was executed to identify possible parameters for intervention, covering most nutritional, biological, and medical aspects related to inflammaging. Based on the findings of the literature study, dietitians were asked about their awareness of the concept, the willingness to adopt more knowledge, and practical approaches regarding their clients.

Results

It was found that of the 56 surveyed dietitians, approximately two-third were already aware of the concept, and among this group, another two-third indicated that inflammaging plays a role in their provision of dietary advice. Generally, the information provided by the dietitians was in line with what was identified in literature.

Conclusions

As a first pilot, it appears that dietitians recognise the impact of nutrition and lifestyle factors on the progression of inflammaging. The willingness to adopt evidence-based practices signifies the importance of continued education and professional development in this area. Eventually, focusing on inflammaging in policy making could be a supporting factor for healthcare systems in the shift from curative to preventive care.

背景全球人口正在迅速老龄化，这与慢性疾病的增加有关。这些慢性疾病的潜在原因之一是炎症老化，其特点是随着年龄的增长，人体内会出现普遍的低度炎症。然而，目前还不清楚这一概念在多大程度上已被视为预防或治疗的基础。方法在这项研究中，我们评估了荷兰执业营养师采用针对炎症的干预措施的意愿。在此之前，我们进行了一项文献研究，以确定可能的干预参数，涵盖与炎症相关的大多数营养、生物和医学方面。结果发现，在接受调查的 56 名营养师中，约有三分之二已经了解这一概念，其中又有三分之二表示炎症在他们提供的饮食建议中发挥了作用。总体而言，营养师提供的信息与文献中指出的一致。结论作为首个试点，营养师似乎认识到营养和生活方式因素对炎症进展的影响。采用循证实践的意愿表明了在这一领域继续教育和专业发展的重要性。最终，在政策制定过程中关注炎症，可以成为医疗保健系统从治疗向预防转变的支持因素。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced absorption of omega-3 fatty acids from a novel krill oil-derived phospholipid formulation compared to fish oil ethyl esters: A randomized, two-way crossover pharmacokinetic study 与鱼油乙酯相比，新型磷虾油磷脂配方能促进ω-3脂肪酸的吸收：随机双向交叉药代动力学研究

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100417

Christiane Schoen , Line Johnsen , Antje Micka , Manfred Wilhelm , Yunpeng Ding

Background

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) offer many health benefits, yet the absorption from standard ethyl ester (EE) formulation requires concurrent intake of a fatty meal. This study aimed to evaluate the absorption of EPA and DHA from a novel omega-3 formulation, Phospholipids + EPA/DHA (PL+), which combines high phospholipdi krill oil (KO) and EE, in comparison to a standard EE product under a low-fat dietary condition in healthy adults.

Methods

In this randomized, cross-over, single-dose study, the pharmacokinetic profiles of EPA and DHA from PL+ and EE product was assessed. Each products contained approximately 1200 mg EPA+DHA. Participants consumed a single dose of the capsules under a low-fat diet regimen, with plasma samples collected at baseline and over a 72-hour period after dosing. Following a 14-day washout period, participants crossed over to the alternate treatment. Plasma concentrations of EPA, DHA, and combined EPA+DHA were analyzed.

Results

Twelve participants (six women and six men) were included, completed all study visits and were included in the analyses. The participants' mean age was 34.3 years (SD = 12.4), and the mean BMI was 22.6 kg/m² (SD = 3.2). The baseline-corrected incremental area under the curve (iAUC_0–12h) for combined EPA+DHA was significantly higher for PL+ (255.5 [SD = 81.4] μg/mL*h) compared to EE (34.2 [SD = 33.4] μg/mL*h; P < 0.001). The treatment ratio of iAUC_0–12h for PL+ relative to EE was 10.5 (95 % CI: 6.1 – 18.1; P < 0.001). Similar patterns were observed for iAUC_0–24h and iAUC_0–72h for combined EPA+DHA, as well as for EPA and DHA individually. Sensitivity analyses by adjusting the minimal difference on dose between products yielded consistent findings.

Conclusions

The results indicate that PL+ technology significantly enhances the absorption of EPA and DHA compared to standard EE alone in a low-fat dietary condition. These outcomes suggest that the absorption of EE formulations can be significantly improved through combination with high phospholipid krill oil, as evidenced by the performance of the PL+ formulation.

背景二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）具有许多健康益处，但要从标准乙酯（EE）配方中吸收这两种物质，需要同时摄入脂肪餐。本研究旨在评估健康成年人在低脂饮食条件下，与标准 EE 产品相比，对新型欧米伽-3 配方磷脂 + EPA/DHA (PL+) 中 EPA 和 DHA 的吸收情况，该配方结合了高磷脂磷虾油 (KO) 和 EE。每种产品都含有约 1200 毫克 EPA+DHA。参与者在低脂饮食方案下服用单剂量胶囊，并在基线和服药后 72 小时内采集血浆样本。经过 14 天的冲洗期后，参与者换用另一种疗法。结果有 12 名参与者（6 名女性和 6 名男性）完成了所有研究访问并被纳入分析。参与者的平均年龄为 34.3 岁（SD = 12.4），平均体重指数为 22.6 kg/m²（SD = 3.2）。与 EE（34.2 [SD = 33.4] μg/mL*h；P <0.001）相比，PL+（255.5 [SD = 81.4] μg/mL*h）的 EPA+DHA 组合基线校正增量曲线下面积（iAUC0-12h）明显更高。相对于 EE，PL+ 的 iAUC0-12h 治疗比为 10.5（95 % CI：6.1 - 18.1；P <；0.001）。对于 EPA+DHA 组合以及单独的 EPA 和 DHA，iAUC0-24h 和 iAUC0-72h 也观察到类似的模式。结果表明，在低脂饮食条件下，与单独使用标准 EE 相比，PL+ 技术能显著提高 EPA 和 DHA 的吸收。这些结果表明，通过与高磷脂磷虾油的结合，EE 配方的吸收可以得到明显改善，PL+ 配方的表现就是证明。

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引用次数: 0

Can L-Methionine and S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine Effectively Mitigate Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive and Motor Deficits in Mice? L-蛋氨酸和 S-腺苷-L-蛋氨酸能否有效缓解东莨菪碱诱导的小鼠认知和运动障碍？

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100415

Mohammadjaavad Aghababaei , Mahdi Mashhadi Akbar Boojar , Mehdi Saberi

Motor balance deficits often coincide with cognitive deficits in older adults. Current medications provide temporary relief with several potential side effects. Essential amino acids and their derivatives, such as S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe), can improve nerve function, mood regulation, and neuroprotection against neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated the protective effects of SAMe in scopolamine-degraded memory, and motor balance in an animal model.

To evaluate the possible effects of SAMe on cognitive and motor balance improvement, both Shuttle box and rotarod methods were performed in seven groups of animals (n=7). The mice groups received the saline (control), scopolamine, scopolamine+rivastigmine, scopolamine +methionine, and scopolamine+ three different doses of SAMe daily and separately for two weeks. Data were analyzed independently by one-way ANOVA and P<0.05 was considered significant.

SAMe 150 mg/kg worsened scopolamine-induced memory impairment (P<0.001), while methionine (100 mg/kg) or SAMe (only 100 mg/kg) together with scopolamine could reduce the duration of the animal's presence in the dark chamber (P<0.05). Daily administration of methionine and SAMe at the rate of 100 mg/kg daily could significantly improve the decrease in motor balance caused by scopolamine (P<0.05). Rivastigmine improved memory and motor balance impairment caused by scopolamine (P<0.05). No difference between SAMe and L-methionine for memory, and balance.

The results suggest that while L-methionine and SAMe may not be effective in improving memory impairments (Even SAMe high doses can aggravate the destruction of passive avoidance memory), they may be beneficial in enhancing motor balance.

运动平衡失调往往与老年人的认知障碍同时存在。目前的药物只能暂时缓解症状，但有一些潜在的副作用。必需氨基酸及其衍生物，如 S-腺苷-L-蛋氨酸（SAMe），可以改善神经功能、调节情绪，并对神经退行性疾病起到保护作用。为了评估 SAMe 对改善认知和运动平衡可能产生的影响，研究人员对七组动物（n=7）进行了梭箱法和旋转法实验。小鼠组每天分别接受生理盐水（对照组）、东莨菪碱、东莨菪碱+利伐斯的明、东莨菪碱+蛋氨酸和东莨菪碱+三种不同剂量的SAMe，持续两周。SAMe 150 mg/kg可加重东莨菪碱诱导的记忆损伤（P<0.001），而蛋氨酸（100 mg/kg）或SAMe（仅100 mg/kg）与东莨菪碱一起使用可缩短动物在暗室中的停留时间（P<0.05）。每天服用100毫克/千克蛋氨酸和SAMe可显著改善东莨菪碱导致的运动平衡能力下降（P<0.05）。利伐斯的明能改善东莨菪碱引起的记忆和运动平衡障碍（P<0.05）。结果表明，虽然L-蛋氨酸和SAMe可能无法有效改善记忆障碍（即使SAMe剂量过高也会加重被动回避记忆的破坏），但它们可能有益于增强运动平衡能力。

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引用次数: 0

Biological activities from açaí (Euterpe spp. Mart.) seeds and their pharmacological aspects: A systematic review and meta-analysis 阿萨伊（Euterpe spp. Mart.）种子的生物活性及其药理作用：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100405

Kaio Kelvin Barros Dias , Gabriel Araújo de Jesus , Ana Alice Farias da Costa , Fabíola Fernandes Costa , Geraldo Narciso da Rocha Filho , Rodrigo Juliano Oliveira , Renata Coelho Rodrigues Noronha , Luís Adriano Santos do Nascimento

Background

Açaí seeds, a by-product of açaí processing (1445 tons year⁻¹), make up 85 % of the fruit's weight and are rich in phenolic compounds, such as phenolic acids, (epi)catechins, and procyanidins. Their chemical profile suggests significant pharmacological potential, leading to growing interest in their therapeutic applications.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, covering studies from 2006 to 2023.

Results

The review included 72 studies, 13 of which were cluster randomized trials in rodents. Açaí seed extract (ASE) displayed a robust phenolic profile with varying polymerization degrees. Preclinical investigations demonstrated ASE's therapeutic efficacy, showing potent antioxidant activities, upregulation of antioxidant enzymes via Nrf2 activation, and selective cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines. ASE also exhibited efficacy in reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting adipogenesis, addressing metabolic syndrome in rodents. Promising effects were observed on hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and liver diseases, indicating broad health benefits.

Conclusion

Despite study heterogeneity, ASE's shows potential as a therapeutic agent., necessitating further clinical investigations to comprehensively evaluate its safety and efficacy in human health.

背景阿萨伊种子是阿萨伊加工的副产品（年产量为 1445 吨），占水果重量的 85%，富含酚类化合物，如酚酸、（表）儿茶素和原花青素。方法按照 PRISMA 指南对 2006 年至 2023 年的研究进行了系统综述。结果综述包括 72 项研究，其中 13 项是在啮齿类动物中进行的分组随机试验。阿萨伊籽提取物（ASE）显示出不同聚合度的强大酚类特征。临床前研究证明了阿萨伊籽提取物的治疗功效，显示出强大的抗氧化活性、通过激活 Nrf2 上调抗氧化酶以及对各种癌细胞株的选择性细胞毒性。ASE 还具有降低氧化应激、炎症细胞因子和抑制脂肪生成的功效，可用于治疗啮齿动物的代谢综合征。尽管研究结果不尽相同，但 ASE 仍显示出作为治疗剂的潜力，有必要进一步开展临床研究，以全面评估其对人类健康的安全性和有效性。

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引用次数: 0

The synbiotic solution: Evaluating safety and efficacy in antibiotic-associated dysbiosis - A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pre-clinical study with sprague dawley rats 合成益生菌解决方案：评估抗生素相关性菌群失调的安全性和疗效--以 Sprague Dawley 大鼠为对象的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照临床前研究

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

PharmaNutrition

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100402

A.V. Sarangarajan , Adarsh Jain , Jenifer L. Ferreir , Anushree , Aniket Dhanawat , Pankita Ahir , Sanjeev Acharya

Background

Antibiotic therapy, vital for combating infections, often disrupts the intricate balance of gut bacteria, resulting in "gut dysbiosis." This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a Synbiotic supplement in alleviating antibiotic-associated dysbiosis in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.

Methods

A double-blind, placebo-controlled pre-clinical study was conducted over a minimum of 10 consecutive days. The study employed five distinct groups for evaluation, with a focus on the Synbiotic group comprising probiotic and prebiotic components. The administered dose was 1 billion CFU with 100 mg Fossence®.

Results

The Synbiotic supplement demonstrated significant positive outcomes across diverse parameters. Compared to the disease control group, the Synbiotic group displayed enhancements in fecal output ratio, feed conversion ratio, total weight gain, and specific growth ratio. Histopathological data supported these findings, affirming the Synbiotic supplementation's potential in mitigating antibiotics' adverse effects on gut health. No mortalities or major symptoms were recorded, confirming the supplement's safety.

Conclusions

The study underscores the efficacy of Synbiotics in enhancing gastrointestinal health in SD rats. The identified effective dose of 1 billion CFU with 100 mg Fossence® necessitates further clinical investigation. This suggests Synbiotics as a compelling approach to address antibiotic-associated gut dysbiosis, warranting further exploration in humans for potential applications in maintaining a healthy gut and overall well-being.

背景抗生素治疗对抗感染至关重要，但往往会破坏肠道细菌的复杂平衡，导致 "肠道菌群失调"。本研究旨在评估 Synbiotic 补充剂在缓解 Sprague Dawley (SD) 大鼠抗生素相关菌群失调方面的安全性和有效性。研究采用了五个不同的组进行评估，重点是由益生菌和益生元成分组成的合成益生菌组。给药剂量为 10 亿 CFU 和 100 毫克 Fossence®。与疾病控制组相比，合成益生菌组在粪便排出率、饲料转化率、总增重和特定生长比率方面均有提高。组织病理学数据支持了这些发现，肯定了合成益生菌补充剂在减轻抗生素对肠道健康的不利影响方面的潜力。该研究强调了合成益生菌在增强 SD 大鼠肠道健康方面的功效。100 毫克 Fossence® 的有效剂量为 10 亿 CFU，因此有必要进行进一步的临床研究。这表明合成益生菌是解决与抗生素相关的肠道菌群失调问题的一种令人信服的方法，值得在人体中进一步探索其在保持肠道健康和整体健康方面的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0