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Enhancing wheat growth and nutrient content through integrated microbial and non-microbial biostimulants. 通过综合微生物和非微生物生物刺激剂提高小麦生长和养分含量。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14485
Devashish Pathak, Archna Suman, Anchal Dass, Pushpendra Sharma, Aswini Krishnan, Shrikant Gond

This study focused on two aspects: to develop a selected functionally competent bacterial community, and its integrated with biostimulant humic acid and seaweed extract which was validated to enhance wheat growth and nutrient content. Wheat and maize-associated bacterial isolates (92) were screened for Plant Growth-Promoting traits (PGPts-72) and Community-Forming traits (CFts-66). 46 isolates possessed both kinds of traits, of which 20 isolates were chosen based on high Bonitur scale ratings. Based on metabolic diversity, growth rate, and compatibility, 11 isolates were grouped to make a synthetic microbial community (SM). Non-microbial biostimulants, humic acid (HA) and seaweed extract (SWE) were used, and 0.2% HA and 1% SWE were found to be optimal for bacterial and plant growth. SM integrated each with 0.2% HA and 1% SWE, leading to products SynBio1 (SM + HA) and SynBio2 (SM + SWE). Under microcosm study, SynBio1 and SynBio2 improved germination by 90.10% and 83.80%, respectively. SynBio1 increased chlorophyll content by 40.5 SPAD units, root length by 15.7%, and shoot length by 18.4%. Field level validations revealed that SynBio1 increased plant height by 15.76%, root length by 27.16%, and flag leaf length by 21.35% compared to the control. The grain yield with SynBio1 was 40.41% higher than that of the control. Macro and micronutrient analysis of seeds treated with SynBio1 showed significant improvements. These findings demonstrate the potential of integrating microbial communities with biostimulants, and they pave the way for developing novel bioinoculants for sustainable agriculture and promoting a healthier environment.

这项研究的重点有两个方面:开发精选的功能强大的细菌群落,并将其与生物刺激剂腐植酸和海藻提取物相结合,以提高小麦的生长和养分含量。对小麦和玉米相关细菌分离株(92 株)进行了植物生长促进性状(PGPts-72)和群落形成性状(CFts-66)筛选。46 个分离菌株同时具有这两种性状,其中 20 个分离菌株因博尼图尔量表评分较高而被选中。根据代谢多样性、生长速度和兼容性,将 11 个分离物分组,组成合成微生物群落(SM)。使用了非微生物生物刺激剂、腐植酸(HA)和海藻提取物(SWE),发现 0.2% 的腐植酸和 1% 的海藻提取物对细菌和植物的生长最为有利。SM 与 0.2% 的 HA 和 1% 的 SWE 相结合,产生了 SynBio1(SM + HA)和 SynBio2(SM + SWE)产品。在微生态研究中,SynBio1 和 SynBio2 分别提高了发芽率 90.10% 和 83.80%。SynBio1 的叶绿素含量增加了 40.5 SPAD 单位,根长增加了 15.7%,芽长增加了 18.4%。田间试验表明,与对照相比,SynBio1 增加了 15.76%的株高、27.16%的根长和 21.35%的旗叶长。使用 SynBio1 的谷物产量比对照高出 40.41%。用 SynBio1 处理过的种子的宏量和微量营养元素分析表明有显著改善。这些研究结果证明了微生物群落与生物刺激剂结合的潜力,并为开发新型生物筑基剂以促进可持续农业和更健康的环境铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Instantaneous growth: a compact measure of efficient carbon and nitrogen allocation in leaves and roots of C3 and C4 plants. 瞬时生长:C3 和 C4 植物叶片和根部有效碳氮分配的紧凑测量方法。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14535
Chandra Bellasio

Elucidating plant functions and identifying crop productivity bottlenecks requires the accurate quantification of their performance. This task has been attained through photosynthetic models. However, their traditional focus on the leaf's capacity to uptake CO2 is becoming increasingly restrictive. Advanced bioengineering of C3 plants has made it possible to increase rates of CO2 assimilation by packing photosynthetic structures more densely within leaves. The operation of mechanisms that concentrate CO2 inside leaves can boost rates of assimilation while requiring a lower investment in carboxylating enzymes. Therefore, whether in the context of spontaneous plants or modern manipulation, considering trade-offs in resource utilization efficiency emerges as a critical necessity. I've developed a concise and versatile analytical model that simulates concurrent leaf and root growth by balancing instantaneous fluxes of carbon and nitrogen. Carbon is made available by leaf photosynthesis, encompassing all types of biochemistries, while nitrogen is either taken up by roots or remobilized after senescence. The allocation of leaf nitrogen between light or carbon reactions was determined using a fitting algorithm: growth maximisation was the only reliable fitting goal. Both the leaf nitrogen pool and the root-to-leaf ratio responded realistically to various environmental drivers (CO2 concentration, light intensity, soil nitrogen), replicating trends typically observed in plants. Furthermore, modifying the strength of CO2 concentrating mechanisms proved sufficient to alter the root-to-leaf ratio between C3 and C4 types. This direct and mechanistic one-to-one link convincingly demonstrates, for the first time, the functional dependence of a morphological trait on a single biochemical property.

要阐明植物的功能并找出作物生产力的瓶颈,就必须对其性能进行精确量化。光合作用模型已经实现了这一任务。然而,这些模型传统上只关注叶片吸收二氧化碳的能力,局限性越来越大。先进的 C3 植物生物工程已经可以通过在叶片内更密集地排列光合结构来提高二氧化碳吸收率。将二氧化碳集中在叶片内的机制可以提高同化率,同时降低对羧化酶的投资。因此,无论是在自生植物还是现代操纵的背景下,考虑资源利用效率的权衡都是至关重要的。我开发了一种简洁而通用的分析模型,通过平衡碳和氮的瞬时通量来模拟叶片和根系的同时生长。碳由叶片光合作用提供,包括各种类型的生化反应,而氮则由根吸收或在衰老后重新固定。叶氮在光反应或碳反应之间的分配是通过拟合算法确定的:生长最大化是唯一可靠的拟合目标。叶氮库和根叶比都对各种环境因素(二氧化碳浓度、光照强度、土壤氮)做出了真实的反应,复制了在植物中观察到的典型趋势。此外,事实证明,改变二氧化碳浓缩机制的强度足以改变 C3 和 C4 类型之间的根叶比。这种一一对应的直接机理联系首次令人信服地证明了形态特征对单一生化特性的功能依赖性。
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引用次数: 0
Elucidation of AsANS controlling pigment biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis through hormonal and transcriptomic analysis. 通过激素和转录组分析阐明控制当归色素生物合成的 AsANS。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14500
Khadija Tehseen Arshad, Chunfan Xiang, Chengxiao Yuan, Lesong Li, Juan Wang, Pinhan Zhou, Nazer Manzoor, Shengchao Yang, Mengfei Li, Yanli Liang, Junwen Chen, Yan Zhao

Angelica sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, has been primarily reported due to its nutritional value. Pigmentation in this plant is an important appearance trait that directly affects its commercial value. To understand the mechanism controlling purpleness in A. sinensis, hormonal and transcriptomic analyses were performed in three different tissues (leave, root and stem), using two cultivars with contrasting colors. The two-dimensional data set provides dynamic hormonal and gene expression networks underpinning purpleness in A. sinensis. We found abscisic acid as a crucial hormone modulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in A. sinensis. We further identified and validated 7 key genes involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway and found a specific module containing ANS as a hub gene in WGCNA. Overexpression of a candidate pigment regulatory gene, AsANS (AS08G02092), in transgenic calli of A. sinensis resulted in increased anthocyanin production and caused purpleness. Together, these analyses provide an important understanding of the molecular networks underlying A. sinensis anthocyanin production and its correlation with plant hormones, which can provide an important source for breeding.

当归是一种传统的中药植物,主要因其营养价值而被报道。这种植物的色素沉着是一种重要的外观性状,直接影响其商业价值。为了了解控制当归色素纯度的机制,研究人员利用两个颜色对比强烈的栽培品种,在三个不同组织(叶、根和茎)中进行了激素和转录组分析。二维数据集提供了支持中华皂荚变紫的动态激素和基因表达网络。我们发现脱落酸是调节中华秋海棠花青素生物合成的关键激素。我们进一步鉴定并验证了参与花青素生物合成途径的 7 个关键基因,并在 WGCNA 中发现了一个包含 ANS 的特定模块,该模块是一个枢纽基因。在转基因中华榕树胼胝体中过表达候选色素调控基因 AsANS (AS08G02092),可增加花青素的产生并使其变白。总之,这些分析为了解中华鳖花青素产生的分子网络及其与植物激素的相关性提供了重要信息,为育种提供了重要依据。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the effects of azelaic acid in the metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings through untargeted metabolomics and ionomics approaches. 通过非靶向代谢组学和离子组学方法评估壬二酸对拟南芥幼苗新陈代谢的影响
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14550
Sara Álvarez-Rodríguez, Biancamaria Senizza, Fabrizio Araniti, Luigi Lucini, Giorgio Lucchini, Adela M Sánchez-Moreiras

The present study demonstrates that low concentrations of azelaic acid (AZA) significantly impact the metabolism of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings, leading to imbalances in numerous minerals and metabolites due to AZA-induced stress. Untargeted metabolomic analyses were conducted on untreated and AZA-treated seedlings at two time points: 7 and 14 days after treatment initiation. The results revealed a general accumulation of sugars (e.g., glucose, mannose, xylose), amino acids (e.g., lysine, GABA, threonine, glutamine), and organic acids (e.g., glutaric acid, shikimic acid, succinic acid) in AZA treated-seedlings, suggesting that AZA triggers stress responses in Arabidopsis. Ionomic analysis revealed that AZA induces phosphorus deficiency, which plants compensate by increasing malate content in the roots. Additionally, AZA treatment induced putrescine accumulation within the root, a metabolic biomarker of potassium deficiency and plant stress. The metabolomic profile showed elevated levels of different specialized metabolites, such as nitrogen- and sulphur-containing compounds, and altered levels of various phytohormones, including jasmonates and brassinosteroids, implicated in plant protection under biotic and/or abiotic stresses. These findings support the hypothesis that AZA's mode of action is associated with an auxin imbalance, suggesting its function as an auxinic herbicide. The observed increases in starch and jasmonates, coupled with the disruptions in potassium homeostasis, are linked to the previously reported alterations in the auxin transport, root architecture and gravitropic root response. Statistical analyses were applied, including Kruskal-Wallis tests for ionomic data, as well as multifactor analysis, Principal Component Analysis, Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis, and enrichment pathway analysis for metabolomic data, ensuring the robustness and validity of these findings.

本研究表明,低浓度的壬二酸(AZA)会显著影响拟南芥幼苗的新陈代谢,导致多种矿物质和代谢物因 AZA 诱导的胁迫而失衡。在两个时间点对未处理和经 AZA 处理的幼苗进行了非靶向代谢组学分析:开始处理后 7 天和 14 天。结果显示,AZA 处理过的幼苗中糖(如葡萄糖、甘露糖、木糖)、氨基酸(如赖氨酸、GABA、苏氨酸、谷氨酰胺)和有机酸(如戊二酸、莽草酸、琥珀酸)普遍积累,表明 AZA 会引发拟南芥的胁迫反应。植物学分析表明,AZA 引发缺磷,植物通过增加根部的苹果酸含量来弥补缺磷。此外,AZA 处理还诱导根部的腐胺积累,而腐胺是钾缺乏和植物胁迫的代谢生物标志物。代谢组图谱显示,在生物和/或非生物胁迫下,不同的特殊代谢物(如含氮和含硫化合物)水平升高,各种植物激素(包括茉莉酸盐和铜绿素类固醇)的水平也发生了变化,这与植物保护有关。这些发现支持了 AZA 的作用模式与辅助素失衡有关的假设,表明它具有辅助除草剂的功能。观察到的淀粉和茉莉酸盐的增加,以及钾平衡的破坏,都与之前报道的辅助素运输、根系结构和重力根反应的改变有关。研究采用了统计分析方法,包括离子组数据的 Kruskal-Wallis 检验,以及代谢组数据的多因素分析、主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析和富集通路分析,从而确保了这些研究结果的稳健性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Accelerating wheat improvement through trait characterization: advances and perspectives. 通过性状表征加速小麦改良:进展与展望。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14544
Rajib Roychowdhury, Arindam Ghatak, Manoj Kumar, Kajal Samantara, Wolfram Weckwerth, Palak Chaturvedi

Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a primary dietary staple food for humanity. Many wheat genetic resources with variable genomes have a record of domestication history and are widespread throughout the world. To develop elite wheat varieties, agronomical and stress-responsive trait characterization is foremost for evaluating existing germplasm to promote breeding. However, genomic complexity is one of the primary impediments to trait mining and characterization. Multiple reference genomes and cutting-edge technologies like haplotype mapping, genomic selection, precise gene editing tools, high-throughput phenotyping platforms, high-efficiency genetic transformation systems, and speed-breeding facilities are transforming wheat functional genomics research to understand the genomic diversity of polyploidy. This review focuses on the research achievements in wheat genomics, the available omics approaches, and bioinformatic resources developed in the past decades. Advances in genomics and system biology approaches are highlighted to circumvent bottlenecks in genomic and phenotypic selection, as well as gene transfer. In addition, we propose conducting precise functional genomic studies and developing sustainable breeding strategies for wheat. These developments in understanding wheat traits have speed up the creation of high-yielding, stress-resistant, and nutritionally enhanced wheat varieties, which will help in addressing global food security and agricultural sustainability in the era of climate change.

小麦(Triticum spp.)许多具有可变基因组的小麦遗传资源都有驯化历史记录,并广泛分布于世界各地。要培育出优良的小麦品种,农艺性状和胁迫反应性状的表征是评估现有种质资源以促进育种的首要条件。然而,基因组的复杂性是性状挖掘和表征的主要障碍之一。多参考基因组以及单倍型图谱、基因组选择、精确基因编辑工具、高通量表型平台、高效遗传转化系统和快速育种设施等尖端技术正在改变小麦功能基因组学研究,以了解多倍体的基因组多样性。本综述重点介绍过去几十年中小麦基因组学的研究成果、可用的表型学方法和生物信息学资源。重点介绍了基因组学和系统生物学方法的进展,以规避基因组和表型选择以及基因转移方面的瓶颈。此外,我们还建议开展精确的功能基因组研究,并制定可持续的小麦育种战略。在了解小麦性状方面取得的这些进展将加快培育高产、抗逆和营养强化的小麦品种,这将有助于在气候变化时代解决全球粮食安全和农业可持续发展问题。
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引用次数: 0
MiRNAs profiles among three poplar varieties provide insights into different molecular responses in resistance to newly emerging bacterial pathogen. 三个杨树品种的 MiRNAs 图谱揭示了抵抗新出现的细菌病原体的不同分子反应。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14498
Ruen Yu, Xiaoqian Yang, Dandan Xiao, Hai Bao, Yanwei Wang

Canker caused by Lonsdalea populi has seriously reduced the economic and ecological benefits of poplar. MicroRNAs play vital roles in the response of plants to biotic stress. However, there is little research about the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs among different tree varieties upon pathogen infection. To dissect miRNAs involved in L. populi resistance, three poplar varieties, 2025 (susceptible), 107 (moderately resistant) and Populus. tomentosa cv 'henan' (resistant) were selected to elucidate the expression profiles of miRNAs using small RNA-seq. A total of 227 miRNAs were identified from all varieties. Intriguingly, miR160, miR169, miR171 and miR482b-5p were only identified in the resistant variety P. tomentosa upon pathogen infection, and these miRNAs might be important candidates for future investigation to improve the tolerance of poplar to L. populi. Among all identified miRNAs, 174 were differentially expressed in all varieties. Functional annotation analysis indicated that an array of miRNAs, including miR482, miR472, miR169, miR481, and miR172, should be involved in disease resistance and phytohormone signal transduction. Furthermore, correlation analysis of small RNA-seq and RNA-seq identified a handful of L. populi-responsive miRNAs and target genes, which exhibited that miR159 and miR172 played key roles in resistant variety P. tomentosa by targeting MYB and ERF, while miR6462c-5p and miR828 were related to the susceptibility of 2025 by targeting MYB. The comprehensive integration analysis in this research provides new insights into the regulatory pathways involved in the defence response of poplar to L. populi and offers crucial candidate miRNAs-target genes modules for poplar resistance improvement.

由杨龙须菜引起的枯萎病严重降低了杨树的经济和生态效益。微RNA在植物对生物胁迫的反应中发挥着重要作用。然而,关于不同树种感染病原体后 miRNAs 的调控机制的研究却很少。为了研究参与杨树抗病性的 miRNAs,研究人员选择了 2025(易感)、107(中度抗病)和 Populus.所有品种共鉴定出 227 个 miRNA。有趣的是,只有抗性品种 P. tomentosa 在病原体感染时才鉴定出 miR160、miR169、miR171 和 miR482b-5p,这些 miRNA 可能是未来研究提高杨树对 L. populi 的耐受性的重要候选。在所有鉴定出的 miRNA 中,有 174 个在所有品种中都有差异表达。功能注释分析表明,包括 miR482、miR472、miR169、miR481 和 miR172 在内的一系列 miRNA 应参与抗病性和植物激素信号转导。此外,通过对小RNA-seq和RNA-seq的相关性分析,发现了少量L. populi-responsive miRNAs和靶基因,其中miR159和miR172通过靶向MYB和ERF在抗性品种P. tomentosa中发挥关键作用,而miR6462c-5p和miR828则通过靶向MYB与2025的易感性相关。这项研究中的全面整合分析为了解杨树对白叶枯病的防御反应所涉及的调控途径提供了新的视角,并为杨树的抗性改良提供了重要的候选 miRNAs-靶基因模块。
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引用次数: 0
SUPERMAN genes: uncovering a new function in the development of complex inflorescences. 超人基因:揭示复杂花序发育过程中的新功能。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14496
Edelín Roque, Ana Lucía Rodas, José Pío Beltrán, Concepción Gómez-Mena, Luis A Cañas

The Arabidopsis SUPERMAN (SUP) gene and its orthologs in eudicots are crucial in regulating the number of reproductive floral organs. In Medicago truncatula, in addition to this function, a novel role in controlling meristem activity during compound inflorescence development was assigned to the SUP-ortholog (MtSUP). These findings led us to investigate whether the role of SUP genes in inflorescence development was legume-specific or could be extended to other eudicots. To assess that, we used Solanum lycopersicum as a model system with a cymose complex inflorescence and Arabidopsis thaliana as the best-known example of simple inflorescence. We conducted a detailed comparative expression analysis of SlSUP and SUP from vegetative stages to flower transition. In addition, we performed an exhaustive phenotypic characterisation of two different slsup and sup mutants during the plant life cycle. Our findings reveal that SlSUP is required for precise regulation of the meristems that control shoot and inflorescence architecture in tomato. In contrast, in Arabidopsis, SUP performs no meristematic function, but we found a role of SUP in floral transition. Our findings suggest that the functional divergence of SUP-like genes contributed to the modification of inflorescence architecture during angiosperm evolution.

拟南芥超级人(SUP)基因及其在裸子植物中的直向同源物对调节生殖花器官的数量至关重要。在Medicago truncatula中,除了这一功能外,SUP直向同源基因(MtSUP)还在复花序发育过程中控制分生组织活动方面发挥了新的作用。这些发现促使我们研究 SUP 基因在花序发育过程中的作用是豆科植物特有的,还是可以扩展到其他裸子植物。为了评估这一问题,我们将番茄茄属植物(Solanum lycopersicum)作为具有聚伞状复合花序的模式系统,而拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)则是最著名的简单花序实例。我们对 SlSUP 和 SUP 从植株期到花过渡期的表达进行了详细的比较分析。此外,我们还对植物生命周期中两种不同的 SlSUP 和 sup 突变体进行了详尽的表型鉴定。我们的研究结果表明,在番茄中,SlSUP 是控制芽和花序结构的分生组织的精确调控所必需的。与此相反,在拟南芥中,SUP 不执行分生组织功能,但我们发现 SUP 在花的过渡中发挥作用。我们的研究结果表明,类 SUP 基因的功能分化有助于被子植物进化过程中花序结构的改变。
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引用次数: 0
Network analysis of metabolomics, transcriptome and hormones reveals propionic acid-mediated novel survival strategy against drought in wheat. 代谢组学、转录组和激素的网络分析揭示了丙酸介导的小麦抗旱新生存策略。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14551
Zongzhen Li, Yanhao Lian, Hui Guo, Chenxi Li, Yongzhe Ren, Zeyu Xin, Tongbao Lin, Zhiqiang Wang

Propionic acid (PA), a low-molecular-weight organic acid, is crucial to plant life metabolism. However, the regulatory mechanism of PA-mediated drought resistance in wheat remains largely unknown. Herein, we reported on a regulatory network of PA-mediated drought resistance in wheat using integrated transcriptome and metabolomics analysis and verified genes associated with drought resistance. Compared to the water-treated group, the application of PA alleviated the damage of drought by increasing plant water content, antioxidant enzyme activities and decreasing the malondialdehyde level (MDA). Transcriptome and metabolomics analysis revealed that PA triggered upregulation of key genes and metabolites, including TaBCAT, TaALDH6A1, TaALDH7A1, TaCHI, TaFLS, chrysin, and galangin, which were involved in valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation or flavonoid biosynthesis, respectively. In addition, the expression of genes encoding auxin-related transcription factors (TFs) strikingly increased, such as auxin/indoleacetic acid (AUX/IAA) and auxin response factor (ARF). Moreover, PA activated abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) signalling pathways. Taken together, our findings suggest that PA promotes energy metabolism and antioxidant activities to confer wheat drought resistance by introducing comprehensive and systemic effects of valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation flavonoid biosynthesis. Furthermore, activated AUX/IAA and ARF TFs might serve vital roles in drought resistance via modulating IAA signalling. This study provides novel insights into PA-mediated crop resistance and the improvement of the agroecological environment.

丙酸(PA)是一种低分子量的有机酸,对植物的生命代谢至关重要。然而,PA 介导的小麦抗旱性的调控机制在很大程度上仍然未知。在此,我们利用转录组学和代谢组学的综合分析,报道了PA介导的小麦抗旱调控网络,并验证了与抗旱相关的基因。与水处理组相比,施用 PA 可提高植物含水量、抗氧化酶活性并降低丙二醛(MDA)水平,从而减轻干旱对小麦的伤害。转录组学和代谢组学分析表明,PA 引发了关键基因和代谢物的上调,包括 TaBCAT、TaALDH6A1、TaALDH7A1、TaCHI、TaFLS、菊苷和高良姜苷,它们分别参与了缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的降解或黄酮类化合物的生物合成。此外,辅助素/吲哚乙酸(AUX/IAA)和辅助素响应因子(ARF)等与辅助素相关的转录因子(TFs)基因的表达量也显著增加。此外,PA 还激活了脱落酸(ABA)和吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)信号通路。综上所述,我们的研究结果表明,PA 通过引入缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸降解类黄酮生物合成的综合系统效应,促进能量代谢和抗氧化活性,从而赋予小麦抗旱性。此外,激活的 AUX/IAA 和 ARF TFs 可能通过调节 IAA 信号在抗旱中发挥重要作用。这项研究为了解 PA 介导的作物抗性和改善农业生态环境提供了新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing oilseed rape growth: Exploring the effect of foliar biostimulants on the interplay among metabolism, phenology, and yield. 优化油菜生长:探索叶面生物刺激剂对新陈代谢、物候和产量之间相互作用的影响。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14561
María Ancín, David Soba, Pedro J Picazo, Angie L Gámez, Jean-François Le Page, Diane Houdusse, Iker Aranjuelo

The current agricultural system is in search of new strategies to achieve a more sustainable production while keeping or even increasing crop yield and quality. In this scenario, the application of biostimulants constitutes a potent solution. In the current study, the impact of a blue-green microalgal extract (MB) and a pig tissue hydrolysate (PTH) on rapeseed plants' development was characterized. Obtained results revealed a positive effect on yield parameters of plants treated with MB and, especially, PTH; this was associated to an improvement on the photosynthetic performance. Moreover, this study remarked the effects of biostimulants on plant phenology through their pivotal role in modulating developmental processes. More specifically, proteomic, metabolomic, and hormone content analyses revealed distinct alterations associated with the acceleration of phenology induced by biostimulant application. Additionally, some antioxidant enzymes and stress-related compounds were up-regulated upon MB and PTH treatments, indicating enhanced plant defense mechanisms in response to accelerated phenological transitions. Such findings highlight the intricate interplay between biostimulants and plant physiology, wherein biostimulants orchestrate rapid developmental changes, ultimately influencing growth dynamics. Altogether, the current study reveals that the application of both MB and PTH biostimulants promoted rapeseed plant phenology and productivity associated with an improvement in the photosynthetic machinery while boosting other physiological and molecular mechanisms.

当前的农业系统正在寻求新的战略,以实现更可持续的生产,同时保持甚至提高作物的产量和质量。在这种情况下,生物刺激剂的应用是一种有效的解决方案。在目前的研究中,蓝绿微藻提取物(MB)和猪组织水解物(PTH)对油菜植物生长发育的影响得到了证实。研究结果表明,使用甲基溴(MB),特别是猪组织水解物(PTH)处理的植物对产量参数有积极影响;这与光合作用性能的改善有关。此外,本研究还通过生物刺激剂在调节发育过程中的关键作用,说明了生物刺激剂对植物物候学的影响。更具体地说,蛋白质组、代谢组和激素含量分析表明,施用生物刺激剂后,植物物候加速发生了明显变化。此外,一些抗氧化酶和与胁迫相关的化合物在甲基溴和 PTH 处理后上调,这表明植物防御机制在加速物候转换时得到了增强。这些发现凸显了生物刺激剂与植物生理之间错综复杂的相互作用,其中生物刺激剂协调了快速的发育变化,最终影响了生长动态。总之,目前的研究表明,施用 MB 和 PTH 这两种生物刺激剂能促进油菜植物的物候和产量,这与光合作用机制的改善有关,同时还能促进其他生理和分子机制。
{"title":"Optimizing oilseed rape growth: Exploring the effect of foliar biostimulants on the interplay among metabolism, phenology, and yield.","authors":"María Ancín, David Soba, Pedro J Picazo, Angie L Gámez, Jean-François Le Page, Diane Houdusse, Iker Aranjuelo","doi":"10.1111/ppl.14561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.14561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current agricultural system is in search of new strategies to achieve a more sustainable production while keeping or even increasing crop yield and quality. In this scenario, the application of biostimulants constitutes a potent solution. In the current study, the impact of a blue-green microalgal extract (MB) and a pig tissue hydrolysate (PTH) on rapeseed plants' development was characterized. Obtained results revealed a positive effect on yield parameters of plants treated with MB and, especially, PTH; this was associated to an improvement on the photosynthetic performance. Moreover, this study remarked the effects of biostimulants on plant phenology through their pivotal role in modulating developmental processes. More specifically, proteomic, metabolomic, and hormone content analyses revealed distinct alterations associated with the acceleration of phenology induced by biostimulant application. Additionally, some antioxidant enzymes and stress-related compounds were up-regulated upon MB and PTH treatments, indicating enhanced plant defense mechanisms in response to accelerated phenological transitions. Such findings highlight the intricate interplay between biostimulants and plant physiology, wherein biostimulants orchestrate rapid developmental changes, ultimately influencing growth dynamics. Altogether, the current study reveals that the application of both MB and PTH biostimulants promoted rapeseed plant phenology and productivity associated with an improvement in the photosynthetic machinery while boosting other physiological and molecular mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The multifunctional roles of the extracellular matrix in the sessile life of the zygnematophyte Penium margaritaceum: stick, glide and cluster. 细胞外基质在紫茎藻 Penium margaritaceum 无柄生命中的多功能作用:粘附、滑行和集群。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14520
Josephine G LoRicco, Li Sun, Lindsay Bauer, Gabriel Sgambettera, Ruby Epstein, Kaylee Bagdan, Aaron Winegrad, Kattia Palacio-Lopez, Pengfei Hao, Iben Sørensen, Antony Bacic, Jocelyn K C Rose, Monika S Doblin, David S Domozych

Adhesion and consequent adoption of a sessile habit is a common feature of many green algae and was likely a key mechanism in terrestrialization by an ancient zygnematophyte (i.e., the Zygnematophyceae, the group of algae ancestral to land plants). Penium margaritaceum is a unicellular zygnematophyte that exhibits a multistep adhesion mechanism, which leads to the establishment of the sessile habit. Based on microscopic and immunological data, a dense aggregate of fibrils containing arabinogalactan-protein (AGP)-like components covers the cell surface and is responsible for initial adhesion. The AGP-like fibrils are 20 μm in diameter and possess chemical profiles similar to land plant AGPs. The fibrils attach to the inner cell wall layers and are very likely connected to the plasma membrane as glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) lipid-anchored proteins, as they are susceptible to phospholipase C treatment. The presence of GPI-anchored AGPs in Penium is further supported by the identification of putative Penium homologs of land plant AGP genes responsible for GPI-anchor synthesis. After adhesion, cells secrete a complex heteropolysaccharide-containing extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) that facilitates gliding motility and the formation of cell aggregates. Fucoidan-like polymers, major components of brown algal CWs, are a major constituent of both the EPS and the adhesive layer of the CW and their role in the adhesion process is still to be examined.

粘附和随之而来的无柄习性是许多绿藻的共同特征,很可能是古代裸子植物(即裸子植物,陆生植物的祖先藻类)陆生化的关键机制。玛格丽塔藻(Penium margaritaceum)是一种单细胞的紫根藻类,它表现出一种多步骤的粘附机制,从而建立了无梗的习性。根据显微镜和免疫学数据,一种含有阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白(AGP)类成分的致密纤维聚合体覆盖在细胞表面,负责最初的粘附。类似 AGP 的纤维直径为 20 μm,具有与陆生植物 AGP 相似的化学特征。纤丝附着在细胞壁内层,很可能作为糖磷脂酰肌醇(GPI)脂质锚定蛋白与质膜相连,因为它们很容易受到磷脂酶 C 的处理。负责 GPI-anchor 合成的陆地植物 AGP 基因的推定 Penium 同源物的鉴定进一步证实了 GPI-anchored AGPs 在 Penium 中的存在。粘附后,细胞会分泌一种复杂的含杂多糖的胞外聚合物质(EPS),这种物质有助于滑行运动和细胞聚集体的形成。褐藻样聚合物是褐藻 CW 的主要成分,也是 EPS 和 CW 粘附层的主要成分,它们在粘附过程中的作用仍有待研究。
{"title":"The multifunctional roles of the extracellular matrix in the sessile life of the zygnematophyte Penium margaritaceum: stick, glide and cluster.","authors":"Josephine G LoRicco, Li Sun, Lindsay Bauer, Gabriel Sgambettera, Ruby Epstein, Kaylee Bagdan, Aaron Winegrad, Kattia Palacio-Lopez, Pengfei Hao, Iben Sørensen, Antony Bacic, Jocelyn K C Rose, Monika S Doblin, David S Domozych","doi":"10.1111/ppl.14520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.14520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adhesion and consequent adoption of a sessile habit is a common feature of many green algae and was likely a key mechanism in terrestrialization by an ancient zygnematophyte (i.e., the Zygnematophyceae, the group of algae ancestral to land plants). Penium margaritaceum is a unicellular zygnematophyte that exhibits a multistep adhesion mechanism, which leads to the establishment of the sessile habit. Based on microscopic and immunological data, a dense aggregate of fibrils containing arabinogalactan-protein (AGP)-like components covers the cell surface and is responsible for initial adhesion. The AGP-like fibrils are 20 μm in diameter and possess chemical profiles similar to land plant AGPs. The fibrils attach to the inner cell wall layers and are very likely connected to the plasma membrane as glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) lipid-anchored proteins, as they are susceptible to phospholipase C treatment. The presence of GPI-anchored AGPs in Penium is further supported by the identification of putative Penium homologs of land plant AGP genes responsible for GPI-anchor synthesis. After adhesion, cells secrete a complex heteropolysaccharide-containing extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) that facilitates gliding motility and the formation of cell aggregates. Fucoidan-like polymers, major components of brown algal CWs, are a major constituent of both the EPS and the adhesive layer of the CW and their role in the adhesion process is still to be examined.</p>","PeriodicalId":20164,"journal":{"name":"Physiologia plantarum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Physiologia plantarum
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