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"Metabolight": how light spectra shape plant growth, development and metabolism. "新陈代谢之光":光谱如何影响植物的生长、发育和新陈代谢。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14587
Giulia Lauria, Costanza Ceccanti, Ermes Lo Piccolo, Hafsa El Horri, Lucia Guidi, Tracy Lawson, Marco Landi

Innovations in light technologies (i.e. Light Emitting Diodes; LED) and cover films with specific optical features (e.g. photo-selective, light-extracting) have revolutionized crop production in both protected environments and open fields. The possibility to modulate the light spectra, thereby enriching/depleting cultivated plants with targeted wavebands has attracted increasing interest from both basic and applicative research. Indeed, the light environment not only influences plant biomass production but is also a pivotal factor in shaping plant size, development and metabolism. In the last decade, the strict interdependence between specific wavebands and the accumulation of targeted secondary metabolites has been exploited to improve the quality of horticultural products. Innovation in LED lighting has also marked the improvement of streetlamp illumination, thereby posing new questions about the possible influence of light pollution on urban tree metabolism. In this case, it is urgent and challenging to propose new, less-impacting solutions by modulating streetlamp spectra in order to preserve the ecosystem services provided by urban trees. The present review critically summarizes the main recent findings related to the morpho-anatomical, physiological, and biochemical changes induced by light spectra management via different techniques in crops as well as in non-cultivated species. This review explores the following topics: (1) plant growth in monochromatic environments, (2) the use of greenhouse light supplementation, (3) the application of covering films with different properties, and (4) the drawbacks of streetlamp illumination on urban trees. Additionally, it proposes new perspectives offered by in planta photomodulation.

光技术(即发光二极管)和具有特定光学特性(如光选择性、光提取)的覆盖膜的创新彻底改变了受保护环境和露地的作物生产。基础研究和应用研究都对调节光光谱,从而用目标波段对栽培植物进行增产/减产的可能性产生了越来越大的兴趣。事实上,光环境不仅影响植物生物量的生产,也是影响植物大小、发育和新陈代谢的关键因素。在过去十年中,人们利用特定波段与目标次生代谢物积累之间严格的相互依存关系来提高园艺产品的质量。LED 照明的创新也标志着路灯照明的改进,从而提出了光污染可能对城市树木新陈代谢产生影响的新问题。在这种情况下,为了保护城市树木所提供的生态系统服务,通过调节路灯光谱来提出影响较小的新解决方案既迫切又具有挑战性。本综述批判性地总结了最近通过不同技术对农作物和非栽培物种进行光光谱管理所引起的形态解剖学、生理学和生物化学变化方面的主要研究成果。本综述探讨了以下主题:(1) 单色环境中的植物生长,(2) 温室光补充的使用,(3) 具有不同特性的覆盖膜的应用,以及 (4) 路灯照明对城市树木的弊端。此外,报告还提出了植物光调节的新视角。
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引用次数: 0
The dual role of methylglyoxal in plant stress response and regulation of DJ-1 protein. 甲基乙二酸在植物胁迫响应和 DJ-1 蛋白调控中的双重作用
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14608
Yutong Sun, Sixue Chen, Inga R Grin, Dmitry O Zharkov, Bing Yu, Haiying Li

Methylglyoxal (MG) is a highly reactive metabolic intermediate that plays important roles in plant salt stress response. This review explores the sources of MG in plants, how salt stress promotes MG production, and the dual role of MG under salt stress conditions. Both the positive role of low concentrations of MG as a signalling molecule and the toxic effects of high concentrations of MG in plant response to salt stress are discussed. The MG detoxification pathways, especially the glyoxalase system, are described in detail. Special attention is given to the novel role of the DJ-1 protein in the glyoxalase system as glyoxalase III to remove MG, and as a deglycase to decrease glycation damage caused by MG on DNA, proteins, and other biomolecules. This review aims to provide readers with comprehensive perspectives on the functions of MG in plant salt stress response, the roles of the DJ-1 protein in MG detoxification and repair of glycation-damaged molecules, as well as the broader functional implications of MG in plant salt stress tolerance. New perspectives on maintaining plant genome stability, breeding for salt-tolerant crop varieties, and improving crop quality are discussed.

甲基乙二酸(MG)是一种高活性代谢中间产物,在植物盐胁迫响应中发挥着重要作用。本综述探讨了植物中 MG 的来源、盐胁迫如何促进 MG 的产生以及 MG 在盐胁迫条件下的双重作用。文中既讨论了低浓度 MG 作为信号分子的积极作用,也讨论了高浓度 MG 在植物应对盐胁迫过程中的毒性作用。详细介绍了 MG 的解毒途径,尤其是乙二醛酶系统。特别关注了乙二醛酶系统中 DJ-1 蛋白作为乙二醛酶 III 在清除 MG 方面的新作用,以及作为脱糖酶在减少 MG 对 DNA、蛋白质和其他生物大分子造成的糖化损伤方面的作用。本综述旨在为读者提供全面的视角,介绍 MG 在植物盐胁迫响应中的功能、DJ-1 蛋白在 MG 解毒和修复糖化损伤分子中的作用,以及 MG 在植物耐盐胁迫中更广泛的功能意义。此外还讨论了保持植物基因组稳定性、培育耐盐作物品种和提高作物品质的新视角。
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引用次数: 0
TOR Inhibition Enhances Autophagic Flux and Immune Response in Tomato Plants Against PSTVd Infection. 抑制 TOR 可增强番茄植株的自噬通量和对 PSTVd 感染的免疫反应。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14606
Samanta Silva-Valencia, Francisco Vázquez Prol, Ismael Rodrigo, Purificación Lisón, Borja Belda-Palazón

Viroids are small, non-coding RNA pathogens known for their ability to cause severe plant diseases. Despite their simple structure, viroids like Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid (PSTVd) can interfere with plant cellular processes, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, impacting plant growth and yield. In this study, we have investigated the role of the Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway in modulating viroid pathogenesis in tomato plants infected with PSTVd. Our findings reveal that PSTVd infection induces the accumulation of the selective autophagy receptor NBR1, potentially inhibiting autophagic flux. Pharmacological inhibition of TOR with AZD8055 mitigated PSTVd symptomatology by reducing viroid accumulation. Furthermore, TOR inhibition promoted the recovery of autophagic flux through NBR1. It primed the plant defense response, as evidenced by enhanced expression of the defense-related gene PR1b and S5H, a gene involved in the salicylic acid catabolism. These results suggest a novel role for TOR in regulating viroid-induced pathogenesis and highlight the potential of TOR inhibitors as tools for enhancing plant resistance against viroid infections.

病毒病是一种小型非编码 RNA 病原体,因其能够引起严重的植物病害而闻名。尽管结构简单,但马铃薯纺锤形块茎病毒(PSTVd)等病毒却能干扰植物细胞过程,包括转录和转录后机制,从而影响植物的生长和产量。在这项研究中,我们研究了雷帕霉素靶标(TOR)信号通路在调节感染 PSTVd 的番茄植株的病毒致病过程中的作用。我们的研究结果表明,PSTVd 感染会诱导选择性自噬受体 NBR1 的积累,从而可能抑制自噬通量。用 AZD8055 对 TOR 进行药理抑制可减少病毒的积累,从而减轻 PSTVd 的症状。此外,抑制 TOR 还能通过 NBR1 促进自噬通量的恢复。它启动了植物防御反应,表现为防御相关基因 PR1b 和参与水杨酸分解代谢的基因 S5H 的表达增强。这些结果表明,TOR 在调控类病毒诱导的致病过程中发挥了新的作用,并凸显了 TOR 抑制剂作为增强植物抵抗类病毒感染的工具的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Role of phytohormones and plant-growth regulators in the regulation of plant immunity. 社论:植物激素和植物生长调节剂在植物免疫调节中的作用。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14599
Ravi Gupta, Poór Péter, Yiming Wang, Sun Tae Kim
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引用次数: 0
Nitrogen Stress Memory in Quinoa: Maternal Effects on Seed Metabolism and Offspring Growth and Physiology. 藜麦的氮胁迫记忆:母本对种子代谢和后代生长与生理的影响
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14614
Catalina Castro, Javiera Rojas, José Ortíz, Rodrigo Sanhueza-Lepe, Alexander Vergara, Francisco Poblete, Elizabeth Escobar, Teodoro Coba de la Peña, Enrique Ostria-Gallardo, Luisa Bascuñan-Godoy

Plants have developed various strategies to deal with abiotic stresses throughout their lifetimes. However, environmental stresses can have long-lasting effects, positively modifying plant physiological responses to subsequent stress episodes, a phenomenon known as preconditioning or stress memory. Intriguingly, this memory can even be transmitted to offspring, referred to as "inter- or transgenerational memory". Chenopodium quinoa is a pseudocereal that can withstand several abiotic stresses, including nitrogen (N) limitation. This research highlights the critical role of maternal N conditions in shaping the physiological and metabolic responses of their offspring. Mother quinoa plants (F0) were grown under High N (HN) or Low N (LN) conditions. LNF0 plants exhibited lower panicle biomass, net photosynthesis, and yield compared to HNF0 plants. Seeds from LNF0 retained proteins, reduced amino acids' levels, and increased lipids (such as PI 34:2), especially phosphatidylcholines, and their unsaturation level, which was associated with faster germination compared to HNF0 seeds. Offsprings seedlings (F1) grown under either HN or LN had similar proteins and amino acid proportions of their seeds. However, LNF0LNF1 seedlings displayed significantly higher biomass and number of root tips. These changes were significantly correlated with transpiration, net photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance, as well as with starch content, suggesting higher CO2 fixation at the whole plant level in LNF0LNF1 plants. Our findings suggest that quinoa transmits maternal environmental stress information to its offspring, modulating their resilience. This work underscores the potential of utilizing maternal environmental conditions as a natural priming tool to enhance crop resilience against nutritional stress.

植物在其一生中已经形成了各种应对非生物胁迫的策略。然而,环境胁迫会产生长期影响,积极改变植物对后续胁迫事件的生理反应,这种现象被称为 "先决条件 "或 "胁迫记忆"。有趣的是,这种记忆甚至可以传递给后代,即 "代际或跨代记忆"。藜麦是一种假谷物,可以承受多种非生物胁迫,包括氮(N)限制。这项研究强调了母本氮条件在影响子代生理和代谢反应方面的关键作用。藜麦母本(F0)在高氮(HN)或低氮(LN)条件下生长。与 HNF0 植物相比,LNF0 植物的圆锥花序生物量、净光合作用和产量都较低。与 HNF0 种子相比,LNF0 种子保留了蛋白质,降低了氨基酸水平,增加了脂质(如 PI 34:2),尤其是磷脂酰胆碱及其不饱和水平,这与萌发速度更快有关。在 HN 或 LN 条件下生长的后代幼苗(F1),其种子的蛋白质和氨基酸比例相似。然而,LNF0LNF1幼苗的生物量和根尖数量明显更高。这些变化与蒸腾作用、净光合作用、气孔导度以及淀粉含量有明显的相关性,表明 LNF0LNF1 植物在整个植株水平上的二氧化碳固定能力更强。我们的研究结果表明,藜麦能将母体的环境压力信息传递给后代,从而调节它们的恢复能力。这项研究强调了利用母体环境条件作为自然启蒙工具来提高作物对营养胁迫的恢复能力的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative transcriptome analysis highlights resistance regulatory networks of maize in response to Exserohilum turcicum infection at the early stage. 比较转录组分析凸显了玉米在早期阶段对 Exserohilum turcicum 感染的抗性调控网络。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14615
MingRui Li, Xin Qi, Dan Li, Zhiqiang Wu, Meiyi Liu, Weiguang Yang, Zhenyuan Zang, Liangyu Jiang

Northern corn leaf blight, caused by Exserohilum turcicum (E. turcicum), is one of the most destructive diseases in maize, leading to serious yield losses. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of E. turcicum infection response in maize remain unclear. In this study, we performed comparative transcriptome analysis in resistant maize inbred line J9D207 (R) and susceptible maize inbred line PH4CV (S) after infecting with E. turcicum at 0 h, 24 h and 72 h, respectively. Compared with 0 h, 9656 (24 h) and 8748 (72 h) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in J9D207, and 7915 (24 h) and 7865 (72 h) DEGs were identified in PH4CV. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, benzoxazinoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis might be involved in maize defense reactions. Some DEGs coded for transcription factors, such as MYB-related, ERF, NAC, bZIP, bHLH and WRKY families, which indicated that they may participate in resistance against E. turcicum. In addition, DEGs involved in SA, JA, ABA and ET signaling pathways were revealed. Moreover, 75 SOD activity-related genes and 421 POD activity-related genes were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), respectively. These results provide a novel insight into the resistance mechanism of maize in response to E. turcicum inoculation.

由 Exserohilum turcicum(E. turcicum)引起的北玉米叶枯病是玉米中最具破坏性的病害之一,会导致严重的产量损失。然而,E. turcicum 感染玉米的潜在分子机制仍不清楚。本研究对抗性玉米近交系 J9D207(R)和易感玉米近交系 PH4CV(S)分别在 0 h、24 h 和 72 h 感染 E. turcicum 后的转录组进行了比较分析。与 0 h 相比,J9D207 发现了 9656 个差异表达基因(24 h)和 8748 个差异表达基因(72 h),PH4CV 发现了 7915 个差异表达基因(24 h)和 7865 个差异表达基因(72 h)。京都基因组百科全书》(KEGG)富集分析表明,α-亚麻酸代谢、苯并恶嗪类生物合成、黄酮类生物合成和苯丙类生物合成可能参与了玉米的防御反应。一些 DEGs 为转录因子编码,如 MYB 相关、ERF、NAC、bZIP、bHLH 和 WRKY 家族,这表明它们可能参与了对 E. turcicum 的抗性。此外,还发现了参与 SA、JA、ABA 和 ET 信号通路的 DEGs。此外,通过加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA),还分别发现了 75 个 SOD 活性相关基因和 421 个 POD 活性相关基因。这些结果为研究玉米对E. turcicum接种的抗性机制提供了新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of nickel on plant growth and oxidative balance. 镍对植物生长和氧化平衡的影响
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14595
Jozef Kováčik, Marek Vydra

This review summarizes the impact of nickel (Ni) in hydroponics on the growth, basic biochemical parameters and oxidative balance in angiosperms using data from 66 papers (and 181 treatments). Generally, changes in biomass, pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids) and proteins were negative when comparing concentration (≤100 and >100 μM) and time (≤14 and >14 days). However, we could deduce a higher tolerance to Ni excess in dicots than in monocots. Growth and basic metabolites were often significantly positively correlated. In contrast to proteins, amino acids were positively affected by Ni, indicating proline accumulation and/or protein catabolism. The increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content was stimulated by time and Ni concentration, and it is higher in dicots and usually negatively correlated with basic metabolites. An increase in Ni concentration stimulates the increase of thiols, but a longer exposure has a neutral or negative effect. On the contrary, the amount of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is positively influenced by the dose of Ni in roots and the duration of excess Ni in shoots, which points to dynamic changes of this antioxidant in individual organs. Soluble phenols were not as affected, but their importance appears especially in shoots during long-term exposure to Ni with a simultaneous increase in H2O2 content, confirming their antioxidative role. We emphasize that due to the significant quantitative variability in the published studies, we analyze the presented parameters as a percentage change.

本综述利用 66 篇论文(181 种处理)中的数据,总结了水培法中镍(Ni)对被子植物的生长、基本生化参数和氧化平衡的影响。一般来说,在比较浓度(≤100 和 >100 μM)和时间(≤14 和 >14 天)时,生物量、色素(叶绿素和类胡萝卜素)和蛋白质的变化均为负值。不过,与单子叶植物相比,双子叶植物对镍过量的耐受性更高。生长与基本代谢物通常呈显著正相关。与蛋白质相反,氨基酸受到镍的正向影响,表明脯氨酸积累和/或蛋白质分解。过氧化氢(H2O2)含量的增加受时间和镍浓度的刺激,在双子叶植物中含量较高,通常与基本代谢物呈负相关。镍浓度的增加会刺激硫醇的增加,但暴露时间越长,影响越小。相反,维生素 C(抗坏血酸)的含量受根部镍剂量和芽部镍过量持续时间的正向影响,这表明这种抗氧化剂在各个器官中的动态变化。可溶性酚类物质没有受到太大影响,但它们的重要性在嫩芽长期接触镍的过程中表现得尤为明显,同时 H2O2 含量也有所增加,这证实了它们的抗氧化作用。我们强调,由于已发表的研究在数量上存在很大差异,我们以百分比变化的形式分析了所提供的参数。
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引用次数: 0
Protein Involved in Tip Elongation (PITE) regulates root hair growth in rice. 参与根尖伸长的蛋白(PITE)调节水稻根毛的生长。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14625
Chan Mi Yun, Woo-Jong Hong, Hyo-Jeong Kim, Ji-Hyun Kim, Ye-Jin Son, Gayoung Noh, Chan-Woo Park, HuanJun Li, Wanqi Liang, Chang-Oh Hong, Kwang Min Lee, Ki-Hong Jung, Yu-Jin Kim

Polar tip growth in plants occurs only in root hairs and pollen tubes. In particular, root hair growth is considered very important in the growth of plants, as it is critical for water and nutrient absorption. Polar tip growth is regulated by various factors, including plant hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) and cell wall modifications. We aimed to elucidate the effects and mechanisms on tip growth of a novel gene containing the domain of unknown function (DUF) 3511. We found that Protein Involved in Tip Elongation (PITE) is involved in root hair development in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PITE protein was observed in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm of root hairs. Pite mutants generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system showed a shorter root hair phenotype compared to the wild type. Through RNA sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis, we found that the expression of genes that affect cell wall rigidity and GA metabolism-related genes were differently regulated in pite mutants. PITE could interact with acyl transferase and haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase (HAD9) in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Our study suggests that PITEs containing the DUF3511 domain regulate root hair growth in rice by mediating the expression of genes that can regulate cell wall rigidity or cause changes in GA metabolism through interactors such as HAD9.

植物的极尖端生长只发生在根毛和花粉管中。特别是根毛的生长被认为对植物的生长非常重要,因为它对水分和养分的吸收至关重要。极尖生长受多种因素调控,包括脱落酸(ABA)和赤霉素(GA)等植物激素以及细胞壁修饰。我们的目的是阐明一个含有未知功能域(DUF)3511的新基因对顶端生长的影响和机制。我们发现,参与根尖伸长的蛋白(PITE)参与了水稻(Oryza sativa L.)根毛的发育。我们在根毛的质膜和细胞质中观察到了 PITE 蛋白。与野生型相比,通过 CRISPR/Cas9 系统生成的 PITE 突变体表现出较短的根毛表型。通过RNA测序和定量反转录聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)分析,我们发现影响细胞壁刚性的基因和GA代谢相关基因的表达在pite突变体中受到不同程度的调控。PITE 在细胞核和细胞质中可与酰基转移酶和卤代酸脱卤酶样水解酶(HAD9)相互作用。我们的研究表明,含有 DUF3511 结构域的 PITE 通过介导基因的表达来调控水稻根毛的生长,而这些基因可以调控细胞壁的刚性或通过 HAD9 等相互作用因子引起 GA 代谢的变化。
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引用次数: 0
The oilseed rape R2R3-type BnaMYB78 transcription factor regulates leaf senescence by modulating PCD and chlorophyll degradation. 油菜 R2R3 型 BnaMYB78 转录因子通过调节 PCD 和叶绿素降解来调控叶片衰老。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14629
Mengting Sun, Yunru Yan, Feng Han, Yuxin Zhao, Bisi Chen, Xing Cui, Chun Li, Bo Yang, Yiting Zhao, Yuan-Qing Jiang

Leaf senescence is the final stage of plant growth and development, characterized by chlorophyll degradation, organelle disintegration, and nutrient redistribution and utilization. This stage involves a complex and precise regulatory network, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil crops in China and globally. Therefore, mining and studying the key factors modulating leaf senescence and abscission in oilseed rape is of great importance to improve its yielding and nutrient use efficiency. In this study, we report that BnaMYB78 positively regulates leaf senescence in oilseed rape. As a transcriptional activator located in the nucleus, BnaMYB78 can bind to the SMRE7 (A/G)CC(T/A)AA(C/T) cis-element in vitro and positively regulate the expression of BnaPBS3, BnaMC9, and BnaNYC1 in oilseed rape. Overexpression of BnaMYB78 leads to chlorophyll degradation and premature leaf senescence in both Arabidopsis thaliana and oilseed rape. During this process, the expression of several genes associated with salicylic acid (SA) synthesis, chlorophyll metabolism, and senescence-associated genes (SAGs) was upregulated, including BnaPPH, BnaSAG14, BnaMC9, BnaPBS3, BnaNYC1, and BnaICS1, which facilitate the progression of programmed cell death (PCD). Further analyses demonstrated that BnaMYB78 activates the promoter activities of BnaMC9, BnaPBS3, and BnaNYC1 in a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) assays revealed that BnaMYB78 directly binds to the promoter regions of these downstream target genes. In summary, our data demonstrate that BnaMYB78 modulates cell death and leaf senescence.

叶片衰老是植物生长和发育的最后阶段,其特征是叶绿素降解、细胞器解体以及养分的重新分配和利用。这一阶段涉及复杂而精确的调控网络,其基本机制尚未完全明了。油菜(Brassica napus L.)是中国乃至全球最重要的油料作物之一。因此,挖掘和研究油菜叶片衰老和脱落的关键调控因子对提高油菜产量和养分利用效率具有重要意义。本研究报道了BnaMYB78对油菜叶片衰老的正向调控作用。作为一种位于细胞核内的转录激活因子,BnaMYB78能在体外与SMRE7 (A/G)CC(T/A)AA(C/T)顺式元件结合,并正向调控油菜中BnaPBS3、BnaMC9和BnaNYC1的表达。在拟南芥和油菜中,BnaMYB78 的过表达会导致叶绿素降解和叶片过早衰老。在此过程中,一些与水杨酸(SA)合成、叶绿素代谢和衰老相关基因(SAGs)有关的基因表达上调,包括促进细胞程序性死亡(PCD)进程的 BnaPPH、BnaSAG14、BnaMC9、BnaPBS3、BnaNYC1 和 BnaICS1。进一步的分析表明,在双荧光素酶报告实验中,BnaMYB78 能激活 BnaMC9、BnaPBS3 和 BnaNYC1 的启动子活性。电泳迁移试验(EMSA)和染色质免疫共沉淀结合定量 PCR(ChIP-qPCR)试验显示,BnaMYB78 直接结合到这些下游靶基因的启动子区域。总之,我们的数据证明了 BnaMYB78 可调节细胞死亡和叶片衰老。
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引用次数: 0
Emerging roles of auxin in plant abiotic stress tolerance. 辅酶在植物耐受非生物胁迫中的新作用。
IF 5.4 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14601
Mohammad Salehin

Plants are continuously attacked by several biotic and abiotic factors. Among abiotic factors, heat, cold, drought, and salinity are common stresses. Plants produce several hormones as their main weapon in fightback against these stresses. Among these hormones, the role of auxin is well established in regulating plant growth and development at various scales. However, in recent literature, the important role of auxin in abiotic stress tolerance has emerged. Several auxin signalling and transport mutants exhibit heat, drought, and salinity-related phenotypes. Among them, auxin-mediated hypocotyl elongation and root growth in response to increased heat are of importance due to the continuous rise in global temperature. Auxin is also involved in regulating and recruiting specialized metabolites like aliphatic glucosinolate to defend themselves from drought stress. Aliphatic glucosinolate (A-GLS) regulates guard cell closure using auxin, which is independent of the major abiotic stress hormone abscisic acid. This regulatory mechanism serves as an additional layer of guard cell movement to protect plants from drought. Transferring the aliphatic glucosinolate pathway into non-brassica plants such as rice and soybean holds the promise to improve drought tolerance. In addition to these, post-translational modification of auxin signalling components and redistribution of auxin efflux transporters are also playing important roles in drought and salt tolerance and, hence, may be exploited to breed drought-tolerant crops. Also, reactive oxygen species, along with peptide hormone and auxin signalling, are important in root growth under stress. In conclusion, we summarize recent discoveries that suggest auxin is involved in various abiotic stresses.

植物不断受到多种生物和非生物因素的侵袭。在非生物因素中,热、冷、干旱和盐度是常见的胁迫。植物会分泌多种激素,作为对抗这些胁迫的主要武器。在这些激素中,辅助素在不同程度上调节植物生长和发育的作用已得到公认。然而,在最近的文献中,出现了辅助素在非生物胁迫耐受性中的重要作用。一些辅助素信号和转运突变体表现出与高温、干旱和盐度相关的表型。其中,由于全球气温持续上升,辅助素介导的下胚轴伸长和根系生长对热量增加的响应具有重要意义。辅助素还参与调节和招募脂肪族葡萄糖苷酸等特殊代谢物,以抵御干旱胁迫。脂肪族葡萄糖苷酸(A-GLS)利用叶黄素调节保卫细胞的闭合,而叶黄素与主要的非生物胁迫激素脱落酸无关。这种调节机制是保护植物免受干旱影响的另一层保护细胞运动。将脂肪族葡萄糖苷酸途径转移到水稻和大豆等非十字花科植物中,有望提高其耐旱性。除此以外,辅助素信号元件的翻译后修饰和辅助素外流转运体的重新分布也在耐旱和耐盐性方面发挥着重要作用,因此可用于培育耐旱作物。此外,活性氧以及肽类激素和辅酶信号在胁迫下的根系生长中也很重要。最后,我们总结了最近的发现,这些发现表明辅助素参与了各种非生物胁迫。
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Physiologia plantarum
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