Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献_第9页

Nitrogen enhances cadmium phytoremediation in poplar via physiological, molecular, and rhizobacterial mechanisms 氮通过生理、分子和根瘤菌机制促进杨树镉的植物修复

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111090

Feifei Tian , Lianghua Chen , Jiaxuan Mi , Jinliang Huang , Xiaoxi Chen , Jing Li , Lanxu Wang , Zhuyue Li , Liang Mao , Fang He , Qinglin Liu , Fan Zhang , Xueqin Wan

Nitrogen (N) plays a crucial role in enhancing plant growth and stress tolerance, but the physiological mechanisms and multi-omics evidence underlying its effect on cadmium (Cd) accumulation and detoxification in woody plants have not been fully understood. In this study, by integrating physiological, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and rhizobacterial analyses, the effects of NH₄HCO₃-based N fertiliser on 3-month-old poplars subjected to Cd stress were investigated to determine its potential for bioaccumulation and detoxification. Exogenous N significantly enhanced the Cd uptake efficiency and Cd content in whole plants by 93.79 and 160%, respectively, compared to the Cd-only group. N selectively recruited Bacillus, Fictibacillus, and Nitrospira, which are associated with a reduced soil pH, increased Cd bioavailability, and phytohormones (brassinolide and zeatin) biosynthesis, facilitating plant growth and Cd absorption. Concurrently, multi-omics analyses revealed the upregulation of genes involved in reduced glutathione (GSH) and phytohormones biosynthesis, antioxidant defence, and Cd transport and chelation (e.g., PyGCLC, PyGSS, PyDWF, PyIPT, PyAPX, PyCAT, PyNRAMP, PyMT, PyHIPP). Consistently, the accumulation of GSH, key amino acids (cysteine, glutamate, glutamine), phytohormones, flavonoid derivatives (eriodictyol, dihydrokaempferol, glyceollin II), and osmoprotectants (proline, soluble sugars) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase) were enhanced. Thus, Cd-induced reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation were reduced, and Cd accumulation and detoxification-related responses were enhanced. These findings suggest that N improves the phytoremediation efficiency of poplar by affecting the rhizosphere environment and Cd bioavailability and by modulating physiological and metabolic processes in plant cells.

氮(N)在促进植物生长和抗逆性方面起着至关重要的作用，但其对木本植物镉（Cd）积累和脱毒的生理机制和多组学证据尚不完全清楚。本研究通过综合生理、转录组学、代谢组学和根菌学分析，研究了nh4hco3氮肥对Cd胁迫下3月龄杨树的影响，以确定其生物积累和解毒潜力。外源氮处理显著提高了全株Cd吸收效率和Cd含量，分别比单施氮处理提高了93.79%和160%。氮选择性地招募芽孢杆菌、芽孢杆菌和硝化螺旋菌，这与土壤pH降低、Cd生物利用度增加和植物激素（油菜素内酯和玉米素）的生物合成有关，促进植物生长和Cd吸收。与此同时，多组学分析显示，参与还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）和植物激素生物合成、抗氧化防御以及Cd运输和配合的基因（如PyGCLC、PyGSS、PyDWF、PyIPT、PyAPX、PyCAT、PyNRAMP、PyMT、PyHIPP）上调。与此同时，GSH、关键氨基酸（半胱氨酸、谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺）、植物激素、类黄酮衍生物（碘二醇、二氢山烯酚、甘油II）和渗透保护剂（脯氨酸、可溶性糖）的积累和抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶）的活性均得到增强。因此，Cd诱导的活性氧和脂质过氧化反应减少，Cd积累和解毒相关反应增强。这些结果表明，氮素通过影响根际环境和镉的生物利用度以及调节植物细胞的生理代谢过程来提高杨树的植物修复效率。

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引用次数: 0

Cerium nano-oxide promotes cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed germination by regulating auxin and brassinolide homeostasis and signal transduction in the hypocotyl 纳米氧化铈通过调节生长素和油菜素内酯的稳态及下胚轴的信号转导促进棉花种子萌发

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111067

Xianyuan Gao , Miaoyu Chen , Mingwei Du , Baomin Wang , Honghong Wu , Xiaoli Tian , Fangjun Li , Zhaohu Li

Seed priming with engineered nanoparticles can promote seed germination. Herein, we investigated how priming seeds with antioxidant poly(acrylic acid)-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles (PNC, 0.05 mM) impacts seed germination in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Seed priming with PNC significantly increased cotton hypocotyl elongation by 13 %–37 %, promoting seed germination in pot experiment. Meanwhile, the emergence rate increased by 15 %–16 % with 0.05 mM PNC-seed priming in the field. Transcriptome analysis identified PNC-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the phytohormone, auxin (IAA), and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis (e.g. GhTAA1, GhYUCCA, GhALDH, GhGH3, GhCYPs) and signal transduction (e.g. GhSAUR, GhBZR1). Consistently, PNC priming increased the accumulation of IAA (10 %–25 %) and BR (86 %–100 %) in cotton hypocotyls. In addition, PNC enhanced the expression of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTHs) genes, regulated by SAUR and BZR1 through IAA and BR signaling pathway and critical for cell elongation. Also, the cell lengths of the epidermis, endodermis, xylem, and pith in cotton hypocotyl increased by 21 %, 17 %, 31 %, and 21 %, respectively upon seed priming with 0.05 mM PNC. The results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of nanoparticles-seed priming enhancement of plant seed gemination.

用工程纳米粒子注入种子可以促进种子发芽。本文研究了抗氧化剂聚丙烯酸包被氧化铈纳米粒子（PNC, 0.05 mM）对棉花种子萌发的影响。在盆栽试验中，PNC灌种可显著提高棉花下胚轴伸长13% ~ 37%，促进种子萌发。同时，田间施用0.05 mM pnc种子可使出苗率提高15% ~ 16%。转录组分析鉴定了pnc诱导的与植物激素、生长素（IAA）和油菜素内酯（BR）生物合成相关的差异表达基因（DEGs）（如GhTAA1、GhYUCCA、GhALDH、GhGH3、GhCYPs）和信号转导（如GhSAUR、GhBZR1）。PNC诱导下胚轴中IAA和BR的积累量分别增加了10% ~ 25%和86% ~ 100%。此外，PNC还增强了XTHs基因的表达，该基因通过IAA和BR信号通路受到sar和BZR1的调控，对细胞伸长至关重要。在0.05 mM PNC条件下，棉花下胚轴表皮、内胚层、木质部和髓的细胞长度分别增加了21%、17%、31%和21%。研究结果为纳米颗粒种子启动增强植物种子萌发的分子机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Insights on the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on Avena sativa drought tolerance at the early flowering stage 丛枝菌根共生对苜蓿花前期抗旱性影响的研究。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111092

Haoqi Tian , Jin Li , Wenhui Liu , Hui Wang , Jin Zhang , Xiaoyu Liang , Yanan Liu , Yuanbin Hu , Jun Yi , Yang Ji , Qingping Zhou

Oats (Avena sativa) are a nutritious and versatile crop, but they are highly vulnerable to drought, especially during the heading and flowering stages, which can significantly reduce yield and quality. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve plant resilience to drought and other abiotic stresses. However, the genetic networks underlying oat responses to drought during the early flowering stage, influenced by AMF, remain unclear. In this study, we combined transcriptome sequencing with phenotypic and physiological analyses to investigate how AMF enhance drought tolerance in oats. Samples were collected on day 60 of oat-AMF symbiosis (corresponding to day 30 of drought stress), with the 30-day drought period covering the critical water-sensitive phase of panicle initiation to flowering in oats. We found that AMF inoculation enhanced multiple drought-related traits in oats, including growth parameters, root vitality, antioxidant enzyme activity, and levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA). Transcriptomic analysis further identified differentially expressed genes involved in drought response, membrane integrity, and transport activities, with a focus on genes associated with stress tolerance. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction were significantly affected under drought and AMF inoculation. Further analysis showed that genes such as PAL, PYL5, CRE1, and B-ARRs were differentially expressed in AMF-inoculated oat roots under drought stress. Additionally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified hub genes related to plant growth and defense (BGLU16, CGS1), oxidative stress (CAT2, RBOH), phosphate and nutrient transport (PHF1, PHT1-11, YSL13), and water transport (PIPs). Overall, these results provide valuable insights into the complex genetic networks underlying AMF-enhanced drought resilience in oats at early flowering stage, offering potential candidate genes for future studies aimed at improving drought tolerance through mycorrhizal-plant interactions.

燕麦（Avena sativa）是一种营养丰富且用途广泛的作物，但它们极易受到干旱的影响，特别是在抽穗和开花阶段，这可能会显著降低产量和质量。丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）可以提高植物对干旱和其他非生物胁迫的抗逆性。然而，受AMF影响的早期开花阶段燕麦对干旱反应的遗传网络仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们将转录组测序与表型和生理分析相结合，研究AMF如何增强燕麦的耐旱性。在燕麦- amf共生的第60天（对应干旱胁迫的第30天）采集样品，30天的干旱期覆盖了燕麦穗萌发到开花的关键水敏期。研究发现，接种AMF增强了燕麦的多种干旱相关性状，包括生长参数、根系活力、抗氧化酶活性以及氧化谷胱甘肽（GSSG）、吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）和脱落酸（ABA）水平。转录组学分析进一步确定了参与干旱响应、膜完整性和运输活动的差异表达基因，重点是与胁迫耐受性相关的基因。KEGG途径分析表明，干旱和接种AMF显著影响了苯丙素的生物合成和植物激素信号转导。进一步分析发现，干旱胁迫下接种amf的燕麦根系中PAL、PYL5、CRE1、B-ARRs等基因的表达存在差异。此外，加权基因共表达网络分析还发现了与植物生长和防御相关的枢纽基因（BGLU16, CGS1），氧化应激（CAT2， RBOH），磷酸盐和养分转运（PHF1, PHT1-11,YSL13）和水转运（PIPs）。总的来说，这些结果为amf在开花早期增强燕麦抗旱性的复杂遗传网络提供了有价值的见解，为未来通过菌根与植物相互作用提高抗旱性的研究提供了潜在的候选基因。

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引用次数: 0

Functional characterization reveals MiNAC25 and MiSGR1 as key regulators of chlorophyll degradation in mango 功能表征表明MiNAC25和MiSGR1是芒果叶绿素降解的关键调控因子

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111095

Xiao Du , Xueyu Cui , Wenping Zeng , Yujiao Peng , Qianfu Chen , Yerong Wang

Chlorophyll degradation is crucial for fruit ripening and coloration, but its transcriptional regulation in mango (Mangifera indica L.) remains unclear. Here, we investigated two mango cultivars, ‘Guire 82’ (persistent green) and ‘Neelum’ (yellowing), and integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses implicated porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism as the central pathway underlying peel color divergence. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified key modules linked to pigmentation, from which we uncovered that a NAC-family transcription factor MiNAC25 as a central regulator within the chlorophyll degradation network. MiSGR1 a key chlorophyll catabolic gene, showed co-expression with MiNAC25, and in silico analysis revealed potential NAC-binding sites in its promoter. Subcellular localization confirmed the nuclear localization of MiNAC25 and the chloroplast localization of MiSGR1. Functional validation in tomato demonstrated that heterologous overexpression of either MiNAC25 or MiSGR1 significantly accelerated chlorophyll degradation and up-regulated the expression of endogenous chlorophyll catabolic genes (SlPPH, SlPAO, SlRCCR). Notably, MiNAC25 overexpression also activated the tomato SGR ortholog. Our findings reveal a previously uncharacterized transcriptional module in which the nuclear MiNAC25 potentially coordinates chlorophyll breakdown, possibly through influencing MiSGR1 and other catabolic genes, to govern peel yellowing in mango. This study provides key insights into the regulatory mechanism of fruit coloration and identifies MiNAC25 and MiSGR1 as strategic targets for improving mango fruit quality.

叶绿素降解对果实成熟和着色至关重要，但其在芒果（Mangifera indica L.）中的转录调控尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了两个芒果品种，‘Guire 82’（持久绿色）和‘Neelum’（变黄），综合代谢组学和转录组学分析表明，卟啉和叶绿素代谢是果皮颜色差异的主要途径。加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）确定了与色素沉着相关的关键模块，从中我们发现nac家族转录因子MiNAC25在叶绿素降解网络中起中心调节作用。MiSGR1是叶绿素分解代谢的关键基因，与MiNAC25共表达，并在其启动子中发现了潜在的nac结合位点。亚细胞定位证实了MiNAC25的核定位和MiSGR1的叶绿体定位。在番茄中的功能验证表明，外源过表达MiNAC25或MiSGR1均能显著加速叶绿素降解，上调内源叶绿素分解代谢基因（SlPPH、SlPAO、SlRCCR）的表达。值得注意的是，MiNAC25过表达也激活了番茄SGR同源基因。我们的研究结果揭示了一个以前未被表征的转录模块，其中核MiNAC25可能通过影响MiSGR1和其他分解代谢基因来协调叶绿素分解，从而控制芒果果皮变黄。该研究为水果着色的调控机制提供了重要的见解，并确定了MiNAC25和MiSGR1作为改善芒果果实品质的战略靶点。

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引用次数: 0

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated SiZAT12 mutagenesis enhances drought tolerance without yield penalty in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) CRISPR/ cas9介导的SiZAT12诱变提高谷子抗旱性而不影响产量

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111096

Xuan Zhou , Lingqian Zhang , Hejing Wu , Haodong Wang , Jiayi Chen , Xueting Kang , Jianhong Hao , Hongzhi Wang , Lulu Gao , Guanghui Yang , Xiangyang Yuan , Jia-Gang Wang , Xiao-qian Chu

引用次数: 0

Molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying cadmium tolerance and hormesis effect in roots of Ligusticum sinense cv. Chuanxiong. 川芎根耐镉及激效效应的分子生理机制。Chuanxiong。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111089

Shu-Qi Niu, Ting Li, Xiu-Wen Bao, Xiao-Lin Qian, Fei-Lin Yang, Sheng Wu, Shi-Yao Li, Luo-Luo Liang, Jing Bai, Si-Jing Liu, Yang Li, Jin-Lin Guo

Ligusticum sinense cv. Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong) is threatened by excessive cadmium (Cd), affecting its safety and quality. This study aimed to characterize Cd distribution in Chuanxiong roots (subcellular level) and clarify its key response mechanisms to Cd stress, using ICP-MS, SEM-EDS, and transcriptome analysis. The results showed that Cd was mainly enriched in root cell walls; Cd stress significantly upregulated the activities of polyphenol oxidase (PPO, +11.50 %), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD, +31.05 %), catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT, +28.28 %), and isocitrate lyase (ICL, +121.93 %) compared with the control; Cd-related genes (NRAMP5, CAX3, YSL7, etc.) and key transcription factors (BHLH162, ERF109, etc.) were markedly upregulated. Furthermore, Chuanxiong roots achieved growth-stress resistance balance (exhibiting hormesis) via the carbon metabolism pathway (the material and energy basis), the sulfur metabolism (the core detoxification pathway), and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (structural and chemical defense). This study provides a theoretical basis for developing precise regulatory techniques to reduce heavy metals (HMs) accumulation in medicinal plants, and thus safeguard their quality and safety.

川芎川芎（川芎）受到镉（Cd）超标的威胁，影响其安全和质量。本研究旨在通过ICP-MS、SEM-EDS和转录组分析等手段研究川芎根Cd在亚细胞水平的分布特征，并阐明其对Cd胁迫的关键响应机制。结果表明：Cd主要富集于根细胞壁；与对照相比，Cd胁迫显著上调了多酚氧化酶（PPO, + 11.50%）、肉桂醇脱氢酶（CAD, + 31.05%）、儿茶酚o -甲基转移酶（COMT, + 28.28%）和异柠檬酸裂解酶（ICL, + 121.93%）活性；cd相关基因（NRAMP5、CAX3、YSL7等）和关键转录因子（BHLH162、ERF109等）均显著上调。此外，川雄根通过碳代谢途径（物质和能量基础）、硫代谢途径（核心解毒途径）和苯丙类生物合成途径（结构和化学防御）实现了生长-抗逆性平衡（表现出刺激效应）。本研究为开发精准调控技术减少药用植物中重金属的积累，从而保障药用植物的质量安全提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

HbTRXh1 regulates tapping panel dryness occurrence and abiotic stress tolerance by interacting with stress-responsive proteins in rubber tree HbTRXh1通过与橡胶树应激反应蛋白相互作用调控橡胶树攻丝板干燥发生和非生物胁迫耐受性

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111077

Hui Liu , Qiguang He , Shuangjiang Li, Jie Yang, Yuting Wang, Yiyu Hu, Mingliang Zhang, Chengtian Feng, Kun Yuan, Zhenhui Wang

Thioredoxins (TRXs) play crucial roles in numerous plant biological processes by catalyzing thiol-disulfide exchanges of their target proteins. However, the functions of TRXs in the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) remain largely unclear. In the present study, we cloned and characterized HbTRXh1, a subgroup I h-type TRX gene from rubber tree. HbTRXh1 contained the typical WCGPC redox-active site and had reductase activity in vitro. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that HbTRXh1 is localized to the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. Expression profiling showed that HbTRXh1 was specifically highly expressed in latex, and its expression was significantly down-regulated in tapping panel dryness (TPD) trees compared with healthy trees. Additionally, HbTRXh1 expression was up-regulated by salt, cold, and drought stresses, whereas it was repressed by oxidative stress and treatments with various hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and ethylene). Overexpression of HbTRXh1 in yeast and tobacco improved tolerance to various abiotic stresses, including oxidative, salt, and osmotic stresses. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that overexpression of HbTRXh1 in tobacco altered the expression of genes related to cell wall metabolism, as well as glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays demonstrated that HbTRXh1 physically interacted with four stress-responsive proteins (pro-hevein, LEA14, RD19A, and MSH7). These findings suggest that HbTRXh1 is crucial for both TPD occurrence and abiotic stress adaptation in rubber tree, thereby providing a valuable genetic resource for improving TPD tolerance and abiotic stress resistance in rubber tree.

硫氧还毒素（TRXs）通过催化其靶蛋白的硫醇-二硫交换在许多植物生物过程中起着至关重要的作用。然而，TRXs在橡胶树（巴西橡胶树）中的功能仍不清楚。本研究从橡胶树中克隆并鉴定了I亚群h型TRX基因HbTRXh1。HbTRXh1含有典型的WCGPC氧化还原活性位点，在体外具有还原酶活性。亚细胞定位分析显示HbTRXh1定位于质膜、细胞核和细胞质。表达谱分析显示，HbTRXh1在胶乳中特异性高表达，与健康树相比，其在攻丝板干燥（TPD）树中的表达显著下调。此外，HbTRXh1的表达在盐、冷和干旱胁迫下上调，而在氧化应激和各种激素（脱落酸、水杨酸、茉莉酸甲酯和乙烯）处理下被抑制。HbTRXh1在酵母和烟草中的过表达提高了对各种非生物胁迫的耐受性，包括氧化、盐和渗透胁迫。rna测序分析显示，HbTRXh1在烟草中的过表达改变了细胞壁代谢相关基因的表达，以及甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢相关基因的表达。酵母双杂交（Y2H）和双分子荧光互补（BiFC）实验表明，HbTRXh1与4种应激响应蛋白（pro-hevein、LEA14、RD19A和MSH7）发生物理相互作用。这些结果表明，HbTRXh1基因在橡胶树TPD发生和非生物胁迫适应中都起着至关重要的作用，为橡胶树提高TPD耐受性和非生物抗逆性提供了宝贵的遗传资源。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated CUT&Tag-seq and RNA-seq analysis reveals the transcriptional regulatory network of Gshdz4 under alkaline and heavy metal stress 综合CUT&Tag-seq和RNA-seq分析揭示了Gshdz4在碱性和重金属胁迫下的转录调控网络

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111087

Mengyu Liu , Yujing Liu , Jixiang Tang , Xiaoyu Wang , Xinlei Du , Yijia Ruan , Hongli Wang , Mengyu Zhou , Yishan Fu , Xiaohuan Sun , Junfeng Zhang , Lei Cao

Soil alkalinity and heavy metal toxicity are major abiotic stresses that severely limit plant growth and crop productivity. Wild soybean (Glycine soja) exhibits strong alkaline tolerance, making it a valuable genetic resource for improving cultivated soybean. Previous studies identified Gshdz4 and GsNAC019 as key alkaline-tolerant transcription factors, and GsEXPA8 as an alkaline-tolerant expansin protein. This study establishes a hierarchical "nucleus-nucleus-membrane” regulatory model in wild soybean, wherein the nuclear master transcription factor Gshdz4 transcriptionally upregulates GsNAC019, which in turn activates the expression of the plasma membrane-localized expansin GsEXPA8, collectively enhancing alkaline tolerance. We further investigated the role of Gshdz4 in conferring resistance to combined sodium bicarbonate and cadmium chloride stress in soybean. Through integrated RNA-seq and CUT&Tag-seq analyses, we identified Gshdz4 as a direct binder and regulator of diverse stress-responsive genes-including GmDEAH5, GmHSP22.3, GmACR4, and GmATG1c. Under alkaline stress, Gshdz4 modulates GmSLX8, GmSF3, and GmPP4; under cadmium stress, it regulates GmGMFL01 and GmUNC, establishing a broad-spectrum defense mechanism. Additional targets encompass splicing factors, heat shock proteins, ABA signaling components, and ethylene-responsive factors. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses confirmed that Gshdz4 participates in multiple hormonal pathways (ABA, IAA, ET, JA) and stress response signaling. Our findings revealed Gshdz4 as a master transcriptional regulator under multiple stresses and provide a theoretical foundation for molecular breeding strategies to enhance soybean resilience.

土壤碱度和重金属毒性是严重限制植物生长和作物产量的主要非生物胁迫。野生大豆（甘氨酸大豆）具有较强的耐碱性，是改良栽培大豆的宝贵遗传资源。先前的研究发现Gshdz4和GsNAC019是关键的耐碱性转录因子，GsEXPA8是耐碱性扩张蛋白。本研究在野生大豆中建立了“核-核-膜”分级调控模型，其中核主转录因子Gshdz4通过转录上调GsNAC019，进而激活质膜定位扩张蛋白GsEXPA8的表达，共同增强了大豆的碱性耐受性。我们进一步研究了Gshdz4在大豆抗碳酸氢钠和氯化镉复合胁迫中的作用。通过整合RNA-seq和CUT&；Tag-seq分析，我们发现Gshdz4是多种应激反应基因的直接结合物和调节剂，包括GmDEAH5、GmHSP22.3、GmACR4和GmATG1c。在碱性胁迫下，Gshdz4调控GmSLX8、GmSF3和GmPP4；在镉胁迫下，调控GmGMFL01和GmUNC，建立广谱防御机制。其他靶点包括剪接因子、热休克蛋白、ABA信号成分和乙烯反应因子。GO和KEGG富集分析证实Gshdz4参与多种激素通路（ABA、IAA、ET、JA）和应激反应信号通路。本研究结果揭示了Gshdz4是多种胁迫下的主转录调控因子，为提高大豆抗逆性的分子育种策略提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

A MADS-box transcription factor, XsMADS1 promotes fatty acid synthesis of seed kernels in Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium) by targeting XsSAD1/XsKCS1 XsMADS1是一种MADS-box转录因子，通过靶向XsSAD1/XsKCS1促进黄角（Xanthoceras sorbifolium）种子籽粒脂肪酸合成

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111069

Chunyu Li , Fei Yang , Qiuli Du , Di Wu , Jing Zhao , Haiyi Yu , Weichen Song , Kun Zhang , Hongyu Zhu , Jianning Liu , Ke Qiang Yang , Qiang Liang , Hongcheng Fang

Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium) is a highly promising woody oilseed tree species, with seed kernels that are rich in high-value components such as oleic acid and nervonic acid, which has significant economic and application potential. Our previous transcriptome analysis results indicate that XsSAD1 and XsKCS1 are potential key genes involved in the oleic acid and the nervonic acid synthesis pathway, respectively. However, the specific molecular mechanism by which XsSAD1 and XsKCS1 participate in fatty acid synthesis is still unclear. In this study, the correlation analysis results showed that the expression levels of XsSAD1 and XsKCS1 were positively correlated with the contents of the oleic acid and nervonic acid, respectively. Simultaneously, heterologous expression of XsSAD1 in Arabidopsis thaliana increased oleic acid content by 37.3 % and XsKCS1 raised nervonic acid levels by 31.4 %. Silencing the expression of XsSAD1 and XsKCS1 in the yellowhorn seeds reduced the accumulation of oleic acid and nervonic acid accordingly. Furthermore, it was found that expression level of transcription factor XsMADS1 is not only related to XsSAD1 and XsKCS1, but also binds to MBS elements in their promoters and induced their transcriptional expression. Our study elucidated a novel molecular mechanism of the XsMADS1-XsSAD1/XsKCS1 in regulating the fatty acid synthesis in yellowhorn seed kernels, which offers a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of high-quality oil-type yellowhorn varieties.

黄角（Xanthoceras sorbifolium）是一种极具发展前景的木本油籽树种，其籽粒富含油酸和神经酸等高价值成分，具有显著的经济和应用潜力。我们之前的转录组分析结果表明，XsSAD1和XsKCS1分别是参与油酸和神经酸合成途径的潜在关键基因。然而，XsSAD1和XsKCS1参与脂肪酸合成的具体分子机制尚不清楚。本研究相关分析结果显示，XsSAD1和XsKCS1的表达水平分别与油酸和神经酸含量呈正相关。同时，异源表达XsSAD1可使拟南芥中油酸含量提高37.3%，神经酸含量提高31.4%。抑制XsSAD1和XsKCS1在黄角种子中的表达，可以减少油酸和神经酸的积累。此外，我们还发现转录因子XsMADS1的表达水平不仅与XsSAD1和XsKCS1相关，还可以结合其启动子中的MBS元件，诱导其转录表达。本研究阐明了XsMADS1-XsSAD1/XsKCS1调控黄角种子籽粒脂肪酸合成的新分子机制，为优质油型黄角品种的遗传改良提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

In-depth analysis of potential CaAP2/ERF transcription factor related to fatty acid accumulation in Allotetraploid Coffea arabica and functional characterization of CaAP2.7 in transgenic tomato 深入分析异源四倍体阿拉比卡咖啡脂肪酸积累相关的潜在CaAP2/ERF转录因子及转基因番茄中CaAP2.7的功能表征

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111073

Meijun Qi , Zhenwei Zhang , Qilong Wei , Rongqi Zhang , Lianghua Zhang , Muhammad Amjad , Sumera Anwar , Phuangphet Hemrattrakun , Butian Wang , Yu Ge

Coffee seed oil critically determines beverage mouthfeel, aroma retention, and oxidative stability, yet the transcriptional regulation of fatty acid accumulation in Coffea arabica remains largely unknown. A genome-wide identification analysis of the AP2/ERF superfamily in the allotetraploid C. arabica (cv. Caturra genome) was performed, followed by phylogenetic, motif, promoter, and expression analyses across four seed developmental stages. Fatty acid content and oil body dynamics were quantified concurrently. A total of 214 CaAP2/ERF genes were identified. Five genes, including the WRINKLED1 ortholog CaAP2.7, showed strong positive correlation with lipid accumulation. Constitutive overexpression of CaAP2.7 in tomato fruits increased total fatty acid content by 42–68 %, with palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids rising to 2.6-fold. Transcriptome profiling confirmed that CaAP2.7 activates the canonical WRINKLED1-regulated network, up-regulating key enzymes of de novo fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol assembly. CaAP2.7 is a functional ortholog of WRINKLED1 and a potent positive regulator of seed oil biosynthesis in coffee. These findings provide the first comprehensive CaAP2/ERF genomic resource and a validated high-priority target for the molecular target of breeding C. arabica cultivars with enhanced seed oil content, superior cup quality, and improved nutritional value.

咖啡籽油在很大程度上决定了饮料的口感、香气保留和氧化稳定性，但阿拉比卡咖啡中脂肪酸积累的转录调控仍不清楚。异源四倍体阿拉比卡咖啡AP2/ERF超家族全基因组鉴定分析。随后进行了系统发育、基序、启动子和四个种子发育阶段的表达分析。同时对脂肪酸含量和油体动态进行量化。共鉴定出214个CaAP2/ERF基因。包括皱纹1同源基因CaAP2.7在内的5个基因与脂质积累呈强正相关。CaAP2.7在番茄果实中的组成性过表达使总脂肪酸含量增加42 - 68%，其中棕榈酸、油酸和亚油酸含量增加2.6倍。转录组分析证实，CaAP2.7激活了典型的褶皱1调控网络，上调了脂肪酸合成和甘油三酯组装的关键酶。CaAP2.7是皱褶led1的功能同源基因，是咖啡种子油生物合成的有效正调控因子。这些发现提供了第一个全面的CaAP2/ERF基因组资源，并为培育具有更高种子含油量、更高杯质和更高营养价值的阿拉比卡咖啡品种的分子靶点提供了有效的优先靶点。

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