Psychological Assessment最新文献

The Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II (IDAS-II) addresses current clinical demands by providing individual scores for depressive, anxiety, and bipolar symptoms consistent with transdiagnostic approaches and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology. The general aim was to expand the clinical utility of the IDAS-II to assess changes in internalizing symptoms, quality of life (QoL), and disability. Participants included 1,072 community adults (50% women) and 289 patients (74% women) who completed the IDAS-II. Patients also completed the Short Form-36 Health Survey and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule to evaluate QoL and disability, respectively. First, the sensitivity of the IDAS-II scores to treatment impact was assessed through statistical significance and reliable changes based on the internal consistency of the IDAS-II. Second, the relationship between changes in IDAS-II scores and changes in QoL and disability was analyzed using weighted Cohen's κ and Spearman correlations. Third, an anchor-based longitudinal method determined the minimal clinically important difference in QoL and disability for the IDAS-II scales (i.e., the smallest difference in IDAS-II scores perceived as beneficial for QoL and disability). Reliable change index values and cutoff c were provided to identify reliable improvement, deterioration, no change, and clinically significant change for each symptom. Changes in general depression and dysphoria were most strongly associated with changes in QoL and disability. The minimal clinically important difference values for the IDAS-II provide insights into perceived QoL and disability improvement without requiring additional measures. Tracking symptom changes and their implications for QoL and disability is useful in guiding evidence-based decisions in clinical practice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

The PTSD checklist for the DSM-5 (PCL-5) is among the most widely used measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Although its psychometrics are well studied, the measurement invariance properties of the PCL-5 have not yet been closely examined. This study examined the measurement invariance properties of the PCL-5 across gender and racial (Black, White) categories using a nation-wide sample (N = 1,357, 51% women, 18% Black) of post-9/11 Army and Marine Corps veterans overselected for PTSD symptoms. PTSD was modeled within a higher order factor structure using observed PCL-5 responses as ordered polytomous data. We examined group-level invariance across item response thresholds and first- and second-order factor loadings and intercepts. We used 500 bootstrapped racially balanced data sets to account for sample size imbalance in the racial invariance analyses. Results provide support for partial measurement invariance across gender with veteran men reporting significantly more hypervigilance and reckless and self-destructive behavior than women at equal levels of latent PTSD symptom severity. Importantly, we found full support for invariance across Black and White veterans. These results suggest that PCL-5 score differences observed across these groups represent substantive differences in PTSD symptoms rather than bias associated with the measurement process. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder that onsets during adolescence. Research examining sociocontextual differences in BPD presentation is limited and provides mixed results, highlighting the importance of further investigation and the evaluation of potential measure effects. This study assessed measurement invariance of two widely used adolescent measures (self-report-the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children and semistructured interview-Childhood Interview of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Borderline Personality Disorder) of BPD. Comparisons across inpatient psychiatric settings (n = 521 at a private inpatient; n = 378 at a public inpatient) and across self-identified Hispanic/Latinx (n = 193), Black (n = 132), and White (n = 584) adolescents were conducted. Baseline models revealed inadequate model fit for a single-factor structure, requiring modifications to the intended structure of these measures. With these modifications, results identified partial scalar invariance across settings and racial/ethnic groups for both measures and full measurement invariance for the modified CI-BPD across settings. This study is the first to test whether these measures of BPD function differently based on an indicator of socioeconomic functioning and across racial/ethnic groups among inpatient adolescents. Results suggest that modifications to these measures should be explored further, which are discussed with the goal of achieving measures that can accurately assess and compare BPD severity in adolescents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is one of the most widely utilized eating disorder (ED) assessments. However, its measurement structure remains obscured by mixed findings, which may be due to studies primarily featuring community samples with limited clinical ED symptom relevance and potential measurement noninvariance across ED types. The present study aimed to employ both factor analytic and item response theory analyses in a clinical sample of individuals (n = 2,032) seeking ED treatment at a higher level of care facility to discern the EDE-Q's structure and invariance across sociodemographic and clinical characteristics including age, race, gender, ED type, and treatment setting. Study aims also included generation of a reduced-item EDE-Q that reflected its truer measurement structure and scores with greater interpretability. Factor analytic and item response theory models uniformly indicated the EDE-Q is unidimensional with items reflecting overall ED symptom severity. Removing eight items based on item residual covariance patterns and ED theory based on expert consensus yielded a 13-item EDE-Q that had improved unidimensional fit and retained majority of the information conveyed by the original scale. The 13-item EDE-Q was also invariant across age, race, gender, level of care, and ED type. The 13-item EDE-Q is recommended as an alternative to the original and previously proposed models, as it has a more reliable total score, has better goodness of fit, and is invariant across sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Nonetheless, more work is required to develop scales that capture specific cognitive, behavioral, and affective components of disordered eating. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).