Background: Fungal spores are ubiquitous constituents indoors and outdoors and are now generally identified as important causes of respiratory allergies. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the frequency and prevalence of allergens with fungal origin at homes of allergic patients with respiratory symptoms in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a group of patients with allergic rhinitis (n = 50) were selected based on positive skin prick test. Healthy volunteers with no respiratory allergy were included in control group with the same age as diseased group. Samples from nasal cavity and different parts of bedroom were collected and cultured. The fungal agents were recognized by conventional mycological methods based on the cultural and microscopic appearance as properties. Results: Colonization with fungi was obtained in 26% 64% and 86-98% of the patient and healthy groups, respectively. Among all species isolated from specimens of the patients, A.flavus was dominant which followed by A. niger, Penicillium and Cladosporium whereas the most commonly isolated fungi from the whole specimens of healthy subjects were A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Penicillium, Yeast, Alternaria and Cladosporium. Conclusions: Fungi can be hazardous for health. Furthermore, prevention of fungal spores’ growth is important, and also identifying and determining the most common allergen fungi are key steps to provide the necessary recommendations to the patients in controlling and preventing disease.
{"title":"Fungal Pollution in the Homes of Respiratory Allergic Patients in Mashhad City,Northeast Iran","authors":"S. Eidi, Reza Farid-Hosseini","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.14132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.14132","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fungal spores are ubiquitous constituents indoors and outdoors and are now generally identified as important causes of respiratory allergies. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the frequency and prevalence of allergens with fungal origin at homes of allergic patients with respiratory symptoms in the city of Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a group of patients with allergic rhinitis (n = 50) were selected based on positive skin prick test. Healthy volunteers with no respiratory allergy were included in control group with the same age as diseased group. Samples from nasal cavity and different parts of bedroom were collected and cultured. The fungal agents were recognized by conventional mycological methods based on the cultural and microscopic appearance as properties. Results: Colonization with fungi was obtained in 26% 64% and 86-98% of the patient and healthy groups, respectively. Among all species isolated from specimens of the patients, A.flavus was dominant which followed by A. niger, Penicillium and Cladosporium whereas the most commonly isolated fungi from the whole specimens of healthy subjects were A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Penicillium, Yeast, Alternaria and Cladosporium. Conclusions: Fungi can be hazardous for health. Furthermore, prevention of fungal spores’ growth is important, and also identifying and determining the most common allergen fungi are key steps to provide the necessary recommendations to the patients in controlling and preventing disease.","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46630216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaleh Yousefi, A. Akhavan, Reza Hoseini-Motlagh, Shahin Banaei-Boroujeni, Y. Panahi, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the inflammation of paranasal sinus mucous membranes. Considering the influence of fungi on chronic rhinosinusitis and different results concerning the effect of Amphotericin B on improvement of this condition; this study aimed to determine the effect of topical Amphotericin B on improvement of the symptoms in patients with CRS. Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 80 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who visited the allergy clinic of Baqiyatallah Hospital from June to October 2014 were randomly allocated to two groups; the first group received 10 cc topical lavage of Amphotericin B (5 cc each nostril for every 12 hours) and the second group received placebo for three months. Symptoms, nasal mucusa smear, serum level of inflammatory cytokines, CT scan and rhinoscopy score changes were evaluated in both groups after three months. Results: Fifty-five male and 25 female patients were evaluated in two groups. The mean age was 26.1 ± 2.36 and 27.9 ± 1.59 years in intervention and control groups respectively (P = 0.08). There were no significant differences in demographic data between the groups (P > 0.05). Nasal obstruction, post nasal drip (PND), reduced sense of smell, quality of life, CT scan and rhinoscopy scores were not significantly different between the two groups after intervention (P > 0.05). Facial pain severity score was significantly more reduced in intervention group in comparison with control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: We concluded that application of Amphotericin B as an adjunctive medication to other common treatments, does not seem to be an efficient method for improvement of CRS symptoms.
{"title":"Effect of Amphotericin B on Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis; A Double-blind Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Jaleh Yousefi, A. Akhavan, Reza Hoseini-Motlagh, Shahin Banaei-Boroujeni, Y. Panahi, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.64550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.64550","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the inflammation of paranasal sinus mucous membranes. Considering the influence of fungi on chronic rhinosinusitis and different results concerning the effect of Amphotericin B on improvement of this condition; this study aimed to determine the effect of topical Amphotericin B on improvement of the symptoms in patients with CRS. Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 80 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who visited the allergy clinic of Baqiyatallah Hospital from June to October 2014 were randomly allocated to two groups; the first group received 10 cc topical lavage of Amphotericin B (5 cc each nostril for every 12 hours) and the second group received placebo for three months. Symptoms, nasal mucusa smear, serum level of inflammatory cytokines, CT scan and rhinoscopy score changes were evaluated in both groups after three months. Results: Fifty-five male and 25 female patients were evaluated in two groups. The mean age was 26.1 ± 2.36 and 27.9 ± 1.59 years in intervention and control groups respectively (P = 0.08). There were no significant differences in demographic data between the groups (P > 0.05). Nasal obstruction, post nasal drip (PND), reduced sense of smell, quality of life, CT scan and rhinoscopy scores were not significantly different between the two groups after intervention (P > 0.05). Facial pain severity score was significantly more reduced in intervention group in comparison with control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: We concluded that application of Amphotericin B as an adjunctive medication to other common treatments, does not seem to be an efficient method for improvement of CRS symptoms.","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71297018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Interstitial cystitis is a multifactorial chronic and debilitating disease which is commonly associated with pain localized in the bladder region, increased urinary frequency, urgency and nocturia. Due to the high prevalence of pain in the population affected more recently the condition is often referred to as interstitial cystitis / bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Evidence Acquisition: Although IC presents with many different symptoms, researchers have formulated three different theories, which are not mutually exclusive, to explain IC pathology: the first is related to the alteration of the proteoglycan and protein junction composition, structure and presence in the urothelium. The second is an immune induced IC resulting from an increased number of activated mast cells in the bladder internal layers, such as detrusor muscle (DM), and mucosa/submucosa. The third type, which is closely related to the second one, is due to a sensory nerve sensitization as an effect of neurotrophic factors molecule
{"title":"Reviewing Interstitial Cystitis Models and Treatments: A Focus on the Urothelium","authors":"F. Federico","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.64551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.64551","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Interstitial cystitis is a multifactorial chronic and debilitating disease which is commonly associated with pain localized in the bladder region, increased urinary frequency, urgency and nocturia. Due to the high prevalence of pain in the population affected more recently the condition is often referred to as interstitial cystitis / bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Evidence Acquisition: Although IC presents with many different symptoms, researchers have formulated three different theories, which are not mutually exclusive, to explain IC pathology: the first is related to the alteration of the proteoglycan and protein junction composition, structure and presence in the urothelium. The second is an immune induced IC resulting from an increased number of activated mast cells in the bladder internal layers, such as detrusor muscle (DM), and mucosa/submucosa. The third type, which is closely related to the second one, is due to a sensory nerve sensitization as an effect of neurotrophic factors molecule","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71297031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Rahiminia, E. Rahiminia, Shahram Arsangjang, G. Sharifirad
Background: Due to their particular circumstances during this critical period of life, female students living in dormitories of students often face with situations against which experience many emotional reactions. Since the mental health of society largely depends on their mental health and psychological damage in this important part of female can be increased, early determination of depression and anxiety as well as identification of the amount and sources of stress in students can prevent complications and psychological consequences. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress among female students living in dormitories of Qom University of Medical Sciences Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study that was performed in 2015 on 300 students of Qom University of Medical Sciences who were selected using quota sampling. Data collection was performed using the DASS Scale (depression, anxiety, stress scale) included 42 items related to the domains of depression, anxiety and stress. Data were explored via percentage, mean and standard deviation. Statistical data were analyzed with analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS software. Results: The mean age of students was 21.64 ± 3.50 years that most of whom were undergraduate and single students and mean of educational score was 16.17 ± 1.15. The results of this study showed that 24.9% of students suffered from stress, 21.6% from depression, and 20.2% had anxiety. There was no statistically significant correlation between "interest in the field of study" with two areas of depression (P = 0.003) and stress (P = 0.01) and there was also a significant relationship between “economy of families” and depression (P = 0.04). Meanwhile, there was a meaningful relationship between “family relationship status of students” and depression (P = 0.0001) and anxiety (P = 0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that stress, anxiety, and depression were prevalent in female students living in dormitories and factors such as interest in the field of education, socioeconomic status of families, and family relationship status of students were associated to stress, anxiety, and depression in students. Therefore, in addition to paying attention to students’ mental condition and creating a peaceful environment, effective coping strategies should be taught to students.
{"title":"Assessment of Stress, Anxiety and Depression in Female Students Living in Dormitories of Qom University of Medical Sciences","authors":"H. Rahiminia, E. Rahiminia, Shahram Arsangjang, G. Sharifirad","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.64553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.64553","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to their particular circumstances during this critical period of life, female students living in dormitories of students often face with situations against which experience many emotional reactions. Since the mental health of society largely depends on their mental health and psychological damage in this important part of female can be increased, early determination of depression and anxiety as well as identification of the amount and sources of stress in students can prevent complications and psychological consequences. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress among female students living in dormitories of Qom University of Medical Sciences Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study that was performed in 2015 on 300 students of Qom University of Medical Sciences who were selected using quota sampling. Data collection was performed using the DASS Scale (depression, anxiety, stress scale) included 42 items related to the domains of depression, anxiety and stress. Data were explored via percentage, mean and standard deviation. Statistical data were analyzed with analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS software. Results: The mean age of students was 21.64 ± 3.50 years that most of whom were undergraduate and single students and mean of educational score was 16.17 ± 1.15. The results of this study showed that 24.9% of students suffered from stress, 21.6% from depression, and 20.2% had anxiety. There was no statistically significant correlation between \"interest in the field of study\" with two areas of depression (P = 0.003) and stress (P = 0.01) and there was also a significant relationship between “economy of families” and depression (P = 0.04). Meanwhile, there was a meaningful relationship between “family relationship status of students” and depression (P = 0.0001) and anxiety (P = 0.05). Conclusions: The results indicated that stress, anxiety, and depression were prevalent in female students living in dormitories and factors such as interest in the field of education, socioeconomic status of families, and family relationship status of students were associated to stress, anxiety, and depression in students. Therefore, in addition to paying attention to students’ mental condition and creating a peaceful environment, effective coping strategies should be taught to students.","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45846975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Self-adjustment-based learning is an important educational, scholarly, and experimental approach in educative, cognitive, and clinical psychology. Objectives: The present study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of teaching self-adjustment-based learning strategies in understanding of Islamic Azad University’s (Research and Science Unit in Tehran) students’ competencies and motivational beliefs. Methods: Research method was practical in terms of objective; and in terms of data collection method, it was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test type. The statistical population of the study consisted of all psychology students in Islamic Azad University, from whom 30 individuals were selected for a control group (15 individuals) and an experimental group (15 individuals), using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a self-made questionnaire for competency comprehension and Pintrich and DeGroot’s motivational strategies for learning questionnaire. The analysis of the obtained data was done through SPSS software in two sections: descriptive (frequency, percentile frequency, mean, standard deviation, and variations) and inferential (covariance
背景:基于自我调节的学习是教育、认知和临床心理学中重要的教育、学术和实验方法。目的:本研究旨在探讨自我调整学习策略教学在理解伊斯兰阿扎德大学(德黑兰研究与科学单位)学生能力和动机信念方面的有效性。方法:研究方法客观实用;在数据收集方法上，为准实验型，分为前测、后测型。本研究的统计人群为伊斯兰阿扎德大学所有心理学专业的学生，采用方便抽样的方法，从中选取30人作为对照组(15人)和实验组(15人)。采用自制的胜任力理解问卷和Pintrich and DeGroot的学习动机策略问卷收集数据。通过SPSS软件对获得的数据进行分析，分为两个部分:描述性(频率，百分位数频率，平均值，标准差和变异)和推断性(协方差)
{"title":"The Effectiveness of Teaching Self-adjustment-based Learning Strategies in Understanding Students’ Competencies and Motivational Beliefs","authors":"Parvin Parhami Alamdari, M. Nickname","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.62158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.62158","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Self-adjustment-based learning is an important educational, scholarly, and experimental approach in educative, cognitive, and clinical psychology. Objectives: The present study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of teaching self-adjustment-based learning strategies in understanding of Islamic Azad University’s (Research and Science Unit in Tehran) students’ competencies and motivational beliefs. Methods: Research method was practical in terms of objective; and in terms of data collection method, it was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test type. The statistical population of the study consisted of all psychology students in Islamic Azad University, from whom 30 individuals were selected for a control group (15 individuals) and an experimental group (15 individuals), using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a self-made questionnaire for competency comprehension and Pintrich and DeGroot’s motivational strategies for learning questionnaire. The analysis of the obtained data was done through SPSS software in two sections: descriptive (frequency, percentile frequency, mean, standard deviation, and variations) and inferential (covariance","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44522887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: High incidence of learning disorders has caught the psychologists’ attention in recent years. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare divided, sustained and selective attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children with a specific learning disorder and normal children. Methods: The study was a descriptive, causal-comparative and fundamental research. The population consisted of all children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and children with specific learning psychology (SLD), aged 7 to 12 years old, who referred to counseling and psychiatric clinics in Tehran in 2016, as well as normal primary school children. 36 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 47 children with specific learning difficulties were selected through convenience sampling, and 43 ordinary primary school children with cluster-randomly sampling method. Continuous performance test, word color Stroop test and the Wechsler scales were used as the instruments of the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics along with multivariate analysis of variance in Spss-21were used to analyze data. Results: The results of this study showed that weakness in divided, selective and sustained attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder is more than normal children (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between these variables in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The results showed that the rate of comorbidity was very high in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder.
{"title":"The Comparison of Divided, Sustained and Selective Attention in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children with Specific Learning Disorder and Normal Children","authors":"Fatemeh Maghsoodloonejad, H. H. Razini","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.12523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.12523","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High incidence of learning disorders has caught the psychologists’ attention in recent years. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare divided, sustained and selective attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children with a specific learning disorder and normal children. Methods: The study was a descriptive, causal-comparative and fundamental research. The population consisted of all children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and children with specific learning psychology (SLD), aged 7 to 12 years old, who referred to counseling and psychiatric clinics in Tehran in 2016, as well as normal primary school children. 36 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 47 children with specific learning difficulties were selected through convenience sampling, and 43 ordinary primary school children with cluster-randomly sampling method. Continuous performance test, word color Stroop test and the Wechsler scales were used as the instruments of the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics along with multivariate analysis of variance in Spss-21were used to analyze data. Results: The results of this study showed that weakness in divided, selective and sustained attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder is more than normal children (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between these variables in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The results showed that the rate of comorbidity was very high in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and children with specific learning disorder.","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48818764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Researchers believe that the early maladaptive schemas act as refiners to approve the childhood’s experiences and will lead to some clinical symptoms like anxiety, depression, phobia, personality disorders, alcohol abuse, overeating or stomach ulcers. Objectives: The present study was carried out with the purpose of comparing early maladaptive schemas and metacognitive beliefs between the students with social phobia and the ones with no psychiatric problems in the universities of Tehran. Methods: The statistical population included all the patients referred to the therapeutic, psychiatric, psychological and consultative centers of Tehran in 2015. The causal-comparative methodology was employed and 60 students with social phobia and 60 students with no psychiatric problems were selected as the samples of the study using the convenience (targeted) sampling method. Young schema questionnaire, Conover metacognitive beliefs and social phobia were employed for data collection. The research data were analyzed using multivariable analysis of variance (MANOVA) test. Results: The obtained results showed that there was a significant difference between the students with social phobia and the ones with no psychiatric problems in terms of early maladaptive schemas and metacognitive beliefs (P < 0.01). Conclusions: It can be stated that the early maladaptive schemas have been less inefficient among the students with social phobia.
{"title":"Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas and Metacognitive Beliefs between the Students with Social Phobia and the ones with no Psychiatric Problems","authors":"Boshra Mohammadi, Neda Ali Beige","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.12689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.12689","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Researchers believe that the early maladaptive schemas act as refiners to approve the childhood’s experiences and will lead to some clinical symptoms like anxiety, depression, phobia, personality disorders, alcohol abuse, overeating or stomach ulcers. Objectives: The present study was carried out with the purpose of comparing early maladaptive schemas and metacognitive beliefs between the students with social phobia and the ones with no psychiatric problems in the universities of Tehran. Methods: The statistical population included all the patients referred to the therapeutic, psychiatric, psychological and consultative centers of Tehran in 2015. The causal-comparative methodology was employed and 60 students with social phobia and 60 students with no psychiatric problems were selected as the samples of the study using the convenience (targeted) sampling method. Young schema questionnaire, Conover metacognitive beliefs and social phobia were employed for data collection. The research data were analyzed using multivariable analysis of variance (MANOVA) test. Results: The obtained results showed that there was a significant difference between the students with social phobia and the ones with no psychiatric problems in terms of early maladaptive schemas and metacognitive beliefs (P < 0.01). Conclusions: It can be stated that the early maladaptive schemas have been less inefficient among the students with social phobia.","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47238348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Based on historical viewpoint, relationship among depression, anxiety and stress attracted clinical and theoretical consideration. Despite the relative overlap of these psychological disorders in general, these three syndromes are distinctive in terms of theoretically and conceptually aspects. Objectives: The aim of current study is investigation confirmatory factor analysis and psychometric characteristics of Iranian version of depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-42) in student’s population. Methods: The student sample n = 664 studied in current study. The method of estimation Weighted Least Squares (WLS) used to investigate the confirmatory factor structure of this sample. NNFI, RMR, RMSEA, CFI, AGFI, GFI, ECVI, X2, X2 / df, were used to assess the adequacy of model fitness with data. In this study, MMPI -2 questionnaire, Cattell anxiety scale, and Beck depression inventory were used as criterion validity. Results: The results suggest DASS-42 scale had satisfactory internal consistency, test-retest validity and concurrent reliability. The results showed three factors with first class fitted better with data and DASS-42 scale had desirable construct validity of student sample. Conclusions: The results showed confirmatory factor structure and validity of this tool for application usages and clinical diagnosis are acceptable.
{"title":"Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Persian Version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS-42): Non-Clinical Sample","authors":"M. Habibi, M. Dehghani, M. Pooravari, S. Salehi","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.12021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.12021","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Based on historical viewpoint, relationship among depression, anxiety and stress attracted clinical and theoretical consideration. Despite the relative overlap of these psychological disorders in general, these three syndromes are distinctive in terms of theoretically and conceptually aspects. Objectives: The aim of current study is investigation confirmatory factor analysis and psychometric characteristics of Iranian version of depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-42) in student’s population. Methods: The student sample n = 664 studied in current study. The method of estimation Weighted Least Squares (WLS) used to investigate the confirmatory factor structure of this sample. NNFI, RMR, RMSEA, CFI, AGFI, GFI, ECVI, X2, X2 / df, were used to assess the adequacy of model fitness with data. In this study, MMPI -2 questionnaire, Cattell anxiety scale, and Beck depression inventory were used as criterion validity. Results: The results suggest DASS-42 scale had satisfactory internal consistency, test-retest validity and concurrent reliability. The results showed three factors with first class fitted better with data and DASS-42 scale had desirable construct validity of student sample. Conclusions: The results showed confirmatory factor structure and validity of this tool for application usages and clinical diagnosis are acceptable.","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45173504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Substance abuse is one of the most important problems nowadays that has found the world range. A disaster that destroys millions of lives, and big national funds are spent to fight or compensate its damages. Objectives: This study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on reducing smoking among addicts in Tehran. Methods: The method used in this study in terms of the applied purpose and data collection, was quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest group and control group. Statistical population of the present study consisted of all male smokers aged 20 to 40 years living in Tehran, who had been referred to the stop smoking clinic in Tehran municipality and Javanmardan park for treatment. Convenience sampling method was used to choose samples from statistical population. In this way, 30 persons who smoked cigarette daily were chosen and referred for treatment; they were randomly divided into one experimental group and one control group. Thus, 15 persons were randomly assigned to the control group and 15 ones to the experimental group (mindfulness). The Selfmade questionnaire for smoking rate was used in this study. Using SPSS software, obtained data from questionnaires were analyzed and divided into two parts, descriptive and inferential. Results: According to the obtained results, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.05).The results showed that mindfulness is effective in reducing smoking in the persons aged 20 to 40 years. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it can be stated that some solutions should be considered in order to conduct the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in counseling centers.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Reducing Smoking among Addicts","authors":"Homa Shahyar, F. Jomehri","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.12199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.12199","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Substance abuse is one of the most important problems nowadays that has found the world range. A disaster that destroys millions of lives, and big national funds are spent to fight or compensate its damages. Objectives: This study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on reducing smoking among addicts in Tehran. Methods: The method used in this study in terms of the applied purpose and data collection, was quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest group and control group. Statistical population of the present study consisted of all male smokers aged 20 to 40 years living in Tehran, who had been referred to the stop smoking clinic in Tehran municipality and Javanmardan park for treatment. Convenience sampling method was used to choose samples from statistical population. In this way, 30 persons who smoked cigarette daily were chosen and referred for treatment; they were randomly divided into one experimental group and one control group. Thus, 15 persons were randomly assigned to the control group and 15 ones to the experimental group (mindfulness). The Selfmade questionnaire for smoking rate was used in this study. Using SPSS software, obtained data from questionnaires were analyzed and divided into two parts, descriptive and inferential. Results: According to the obtained results, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P < 0.05).The results showed that mindfulness is effective in reducing smoking in the persons aged 20 to 40 years. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it can be stated that some solutions should be considered in order to conduct the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in counseling centers.","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44110299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In the 20th century, especially over the last decades, there have been new interpretations of beauty; and beauty is defined to include a set of components such as fitness, using cosmetics, clothing, attractiveness, and physical perfection. Objectives: The present study was aimed to examine the effect of acceptance-based and commitment-based therapy on body image in women between the ages of thirty and forty after beauty surgeries. Methods: This research was semi-experimental, using a pre-test post-test design, with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all individuals who visited Sepita Skin and Health Care Clinic, from whom 15 women were considered for a control group and 15 women were considered for an experiment group. Data collection tools included a body image questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a single-variable covariance analysis method. Results: The results of body image covariance analysis (ANCOVA) show that there is a significant difference between body image mean values in control and experiment groups, in terms of post-test scores. The women of the experiment group had a better condition than the women of the control group in terms of body image. Conclusions: Based on findings, it can be stated that commitment-based and acceptance-based therapy affects body image in women between the ages of thirty and forty after beauty surgeries.
背景:在20世纪，特别是最近几十年，出现了对美的新的诠释;美被定义为包括健康、使用化妆品、服装、吸引力和身体完美等一系列组成部分。目的:本研究旨在探讨接受型和承诺型治疗对30 ~ 40岁女性美容术后身体形象的影响。方法:本研究采用半实验设计，采用前测后测设计，设对照组。统计人群包括所有访问过Sepita Skin and Health Care Clinic的个体，其中15名女性被认为是对照组，15名女性被认为是实验组。数据收集工具包括身体形象问卷。数据分析采用单变量协方差分析方法。结果:身体形象协方差分析(ANCOVA)结果显示，在测试后得分方面，对照组和实验组的身体形象均值存在显著差异。在身体形象方面，实验组女性的状况优于对照组女性。结论:基于研究结果，基于承诺和接受的治疗会影响30 - 40岁女性整容后的身体形象。
{"title":"The Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Body Image in Women between the Ages of Thirty and Forty after Beauty Surgeries","authors":"F. Ziaei, M. Nickname","doi":"10.5812/RIJM.62159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/RIJM.62159","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In the 20th century, especially over the last decades, there have been new interpretations of beauty; and beauty is defined to include a set of components such as fitness, using cosmetics, clothing, attractiveness, and physical perfection. Objectives: The present study was aimed to examine the effect of acceptance-based and commitment-based therapy on body image in women between the ages of thirty and forty after beauty surgeries. Methods: This research was semi-experimental, using a pre-test post-test design, with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all individuals who visited Sepita Skin and Health Care Clinic, from whom 15 women were considered for a control group and 15 women were considered for an experiment group. Data collection tools included a body image questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a single-variable covariance analysis method. Results: The results of body image covariance analysis (ANCOVA) show that there is a significant difference between body image mean values in control and experiment groups, in terms of post-test scores. The women of the experiment group had a better condition than the women of the control group in terms of body image. Conclusions: Based on findings, it can be stated that commitment-based and acceptance-based therapy affects body image in women between the ages of thirty and forty after beauty surgeries.","PeriodicalId":20994,"journal":{"name":"Razavi International Journal of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42408504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：