Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-884
Kay Le, D. H. Tran
The coconut black-headed caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae) has been one of the most serious defoliators of coconut plants in Vietnam. Brachymeria kamijoi Habu (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) is a pupal parasitoid of O. arenosella with high percent parasitism and abundance in the coconut fields and appears to be a good biological control agent against the coconut black-headed caterpillar in Vietnam. This study was carried out at Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Agronomy, Nong Lam University, Vietnam during 2020 – 2021 to determine some biological characteristics of B. kamijoi on O. arenosella at a constant temperature of 28 oC and a photoperiod of 12L: 8D. Total developmental time from egg to adult emergence was 13.8 days. The females laid a mean of 98.1 eggs during an average lifespan of 30.7 days. Fecundity peaked at a large range of age 7 -29 days. The results would contribute to the knowledge of the biology of B. kamijoi to optimize a mass-rearing system for a biological control programme against O. arenosella.
{"title":"Biology of Brachymeria kamijoi Habu (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae), a pupal parasitoid of the coconut black-headed caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae)","authors":"Kay Le, D. H. Tran","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-884","url":null,"abstract":"The coconut black-headed caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae) has been one of the most serious defoliators of coconut plants in Vietnam. Brachymeria kamijoi Habu (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) is a pupal parasitoid of O. arenosella with high percent parasitism and abundance in the coconut fields and appears to be a good biological control agent against the coconut black-headed caterpillar in Vietnam. This study was carried out at Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Agronomy, Nong Lam University, Vietnam during 2020 – 2021 to determine some biological characteristics of B. kamijoi on O. arenosella at a constant temperature of 28 oC and a photoperiod of 12L: 8D. Total developmental time from egg to adult emergence was 13.8 days. The females laid a mean of 98.1 eggs during an average lifespan of 30.7 days. Fecundity peaked at a large range of age 7 -29 days. The results would contribute to the knowledge of the biology of B. kamijoi to optimize a mass-rearing system for a biological control programme against O. arenosella.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48307630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-909
M. Ansar, B. –, M. –, P. .
Shallot is one of the tuber crops used in human life worldwide. Lembah Palu variety of shallot (LPVS) is the best raw material for the fried shallot industry. The main problem is that tubers have no standard harvest age and storage duration to support these plants' germination and early growth. Therefore, shallots' growth and productivity are influenced by tubers' viability and vigor. This study aimed to investigate the harvest age and storage duration to give the best viability and vigor of shallot tubers. This research was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial and three replications. The first factor was the harvest age of shallots, which consisted of four levels: 60, 65, 70, and 75 days after planting (DAP). The second factor was the storage duration of tubers, which consisted of four levels: 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after harvest (DAH). The harvesting age of 60-65 DAP significantly affected the parameter of germination power, tuber weight loss, and seedling dry weight. Likewise, the storage duration significantly affected the parameter of germination time, germination rate, tuber weight loss, and seedling dry weight. These research findings show that the harvest age of 60-65 DAP and the storage duration of 30 DAH give the best viability and vigor of shallot tuber. Therefore, we suggest that it is necessary to pay attention to tubers' harvest age and storage duration to find their maximal growth and yield of shallots.
{"title":"Effect of harvest age and storage duration on viability and vigor of shallot (Allium cepa L.) tubers ","authors":"M. Ansar, B. –, M. –, P. .","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-909","url":null,"abstract":"Shallot is one of the tuber crops used in human life worldwide. Lembah Palu variety of shallot (LPVS) is the best raw material for the fried shallot industry. The main problem is that tubers have no standard harvest age and storage duration to support these plants' germination and early growth. Therefore, shallots' growth and productivity are influenced by tubers' viability and vigor. This study aimed to investigate the harvest age and storage duration to give the best viability and vigor of shallot tubers. This research was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial and three replications. The first factor was the harvest age of shallots, which consisted of four levels: 60, 65, 70, and 75 days after planting (DAP). The second factor was the storage duration of tubers, which consisted of four levels: 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after harvest (DAH). The harvesting age of 60-65 DAP significantly affected the parameter of germination power, tuber weight loss, and seedling dry weight. Likewise, the storage duration significantly affected the parameter of germination time, germination rate, tuber weight loss, and seedling dry weight. These research findings show that the harvest age of 60-65 DAP and the storage duration of 30 DAH give the best viability and vigor of shallot tuber. Therefore, we suggest that it is necessary to pay attention to tubers' harvest age and storage duration to find their maximal growth and yield of shallots.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49240735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-840
K. G. Maleka, P. Mashela, K. Pofu
Triterpenoid phytonematicides, namely, Nemarioc-AL, Nemafric-BL and Mordica, when drench-applied each consistently suppressed root-knot nematode population densities, with limited information on whether the products could induce any systemic effects that would suppress sugarcane aphid population densities and reproductive potential. The objective of the study was therefore to determine the interactive effects of soil-drenched triterpenoid phytonematicides on aphid population densities and their reproductive factors. A 2× 2× 2 factorial experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design with six replications during 2020-21 and 2021-22 growing seasons in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Each sweet sorghum seedling was infested with 5 adult M. sacchari, with appropriate treatment combinations drench-applied weekly. At 150 days after infestation, treatments had highly significant effects on aphid population densities and reproductive factors. Relative to untreated control, the second order interaction and the three first order interactions reduced aphid population densities by 92, 75, 79 and 80%, respectively. In conclusion, soil-drenched triterpenoid phytonematicides induced systemic effects in sweet sorghum, which significantly suppressed population densities of M. sacchari.
{"title":"Response of sugarcane aphid (Melanaphis sacchari) to interactive effects of soil drenched triterpenoid phytonematicides in sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)","authors":"K. G. Maleka, P. Mashela, K. Pofu","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-840","url":null,"abstract":"Triterpenoid phytonematicides, namely, Nemarioc-AL, Nemafric-BL and Mordica, when drench-applied each consistently suppressed root-knot nematode population densities, with limited information on whether the products could induce any systemic effects that would suppress sugarcane aphid population densities and reproductive potential. The objective of the study was therefore to determine the interactive effects of soil-drenched triterpenoid phytonematicides on aphid population densities and their reproductive factors. A 2× 2× 2 factorial experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design with six replications during 2020-21 and 2021-22 growing seasons in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Each sweet sorghum seedling was infested with 5 adult M. sacchari, with appropriate treatment combinations drench-applied weekly. At 150 days after infestation, treatments had highly significant effects on aphid population densities and reproductive factors. Relative to untreated control, the second order interaction and the three first order interactions reduced aphid population densities by 92, 75, 79 and 80%, respectively. In conclusion, soil-drenched triterpenoid phytonematicides induced systemic effects in sweet sorghum, which significantly suppressed population densities of M. sacchari.","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48045617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-872
G. Suleimanova, B. Kalibayev, N. Tumenbayeva, Z. Sapakhova
In Kazakhstan, fungal diseases root rot and Ascochyta strongly affect the growth and yield of peas. Traditional breeding practices have resulted in improved resistance to these diseases in adapted varieties and lines, which is the main way to minimize yield losses. The global problem for breeders is to identify genes for disease resistance and use them in breeding programs. At the moment, promising, highly resistant to fungal diseases have been identified. In this work, modern methods of experiment, observation and accounting, selection and preparation of land plots, laying and experimenting with physiological and biological parameters of pea samples were used. Monitoring was carried out to determine the phytopathological and immunological evaluation of 59 varieties and lines of peas to fungal diseases was carried out. As a result of the analysis, 16 genotypes were highly resistant (I), 32 resistant (R) and 11 moderately resistant (MR) to Ascochyta in the natural background of the disease. At the same time, 21 genotypes were highly resistant (I), 26 resistant (R), 5 moderately resistant (MR), 6 moderately susceptible (MS) and 1 susceptible (S) to root rot on a natural background. On an artificial infectious background, the result showed that 9 genotypes were highly resistant (I), 43 resistant (R), and 7 moderately resistant to Ascochyta. And 19 genotypes were highly resistant (I), 33 resistant (R), 3 moderately resistant (MR), 2 moderately susceptible (MS) and 2 susceptible (S) to root rot. As a result of phenological analysis, in most pea samples, ascochitosis disease and root rot were pronounced, but with the least damage. The vegetation period was 112 days in 2021, and up to 93 days in 2022. According to the analysis indicators, all pea samples are very useful for identifying donors and can be included in breeding programs for hybridization to create new productive and resistant varieties.
{"title":" Resistance of pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties to fungal diseases and their productivity in the South-East of Kazakhstan ","authors":"G. Suleimanova, B. Kalibayev, N. Tumenbayeva, Z. Sapakhova","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-872","url":null,"abstract":"In Kazakhstan, fungal diseases root rot and Ascochyta strongly affect the growth and yield of peas. Traditional breeding practices have resulted in improved resistance to these diseases in adapted varieties and lines, which is the main way to minimize yield losses. The global problem for breeders is to identify genes for disease resistance and use them in breeding programs. At the moment, promising, highly resistant to fungal diseases have been identified. In this work, modern methods of experiment, observation and accounting, selection and preparation of land plots, laying and experimenting with physiological and biological parameters of pea samples were used. Monitoring was carried out to determine the phytopathological and immunological evaluation of 59 varieties and lines of peas to fungal diseases was carried out. As a result of the analysis, 16 genotypes were highly resistant (I), 32 resistant (R) and 11 moderately resistant (MR) to Ascochyta in the natural background of the disease. At the same time, 21 genotypes were highly resistant (I), 26 resistant (R), 5 moderately resistant (MR), 6 moderately susceptible (MS) and 1 susceptible (S) to root rot on a natural background. On an artificial infectious background, the result showed that 9 genotypes were highly resistant (I), 43 resistant (R), and 7 moderately resistant to Ascochyta. And 19 genotypes were highly resistant (I), 33 resistant (R), 3 moderately resistant (MR), 2 moderately susceptible (MS) and 2 susceptible (S) to root rot. As a result of phenological analysis, in most pea samples, ascochitosis disease and root rot were pronounced, but with the least damage. The vegetation period was 112 days in 2021, and up to 93 days in 2022. According to the analysis indicators, all pea samples are very useful for identifying donors and can be included in breeding programs for hybridization to create new productive and resistant varieties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48999168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-910
L. S. Shestakov, J. Lovtsova
The vibrations caused by the caterpillars of Tecia solanivora were registered in potato tubers. Vibrations have a fairly high intensity, but it was not possible to identify patterns in the structure of the amplitude-time and frequency structure of the signals. Using the example of a model predator - Picromerus bidens, it was tested whether these signals could be an effective stimulus for entomophages. Vibrations can be used as an additional method for detecting caterpillars at an early stage of contamination.
{"title":"First recording of vibration signals caterpillars Tecia solanivora (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in potato tubers ","authors":"L. S. Shestakov, J. Lovtsova","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-910","url":null,"abstract":"The vibrations caused by the caterpillars of Tecia solanivora were registered in potato tubers. Vibrations have a fairly high intensity, but it was not possible to identify patterns in the structure of the amplitude-time and frequency structure of the signals. Using the example of a model predator - Picromerus bidens, it was tested whether these signals could be an effective stimulus for entomophages. Vibrations can be used as an additional method for detecting caterpillars at an early stage of contamination.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47117083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-849
Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi
Enterobacter species are gram negative, motile, non-spore forming, rod shaped, facultatively anaerobic bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is also described as non-spore-forming, flagella-containing, urease positive, and lactose fermenting. Enterobacter includes several species which can be a risky pathogenic bacteria to the vegetables, including tomato, and therefore have an impact on the fresh production of tomato. This study was conducted to isolate and identify Enterobacter from a tomato field, in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Therefore, this molecular study was conducted in 2022 at the Limpopo University to identify the bacterium associated with tomato filed from South Africa's soils using 16S rDNA marker. The DNA was extracted using the chelex method. The bacterium was identified as Enterobacter. The Nblast analysis showed South African Enterobacter has 97% similarity with a population from Korea (KC355340). Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood placed this species with those molecularly identified as Enterobacter in the same clade with highly supported (100) bootstrap values. In conclusion, this species is identified using 16S rDNA properly. However, using other DNA markers for a better understanding of Enterobacter phylogeny is recommended.
{"title":"Molecular characters of Enterobcater using 16S rDNA isolated from tomato, Limpopo Province, South Africa","authors":"Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-849","url":null,"abstract":"Enterobacter species are gram negative, motile, non-spore forming, rod shaped, facultatively anaerobic bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is also described as non-spore-forming, flagella-containing, urease positive, and lactose fermenting. Enterobacter includes several species which can be a risky pathogenic bacteria to the vegetables, including tomato, and therefore have an impact on the fresh production of tomato. This study was conducted to isolate and identify Enterobacter from a tomato field, in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Therefore, this molecular study was conducted in 2022 at the Limpopo University to identify the bacterium associated with tomato filed from South Africa's soils using 16S rDNA marker. The DNA was extracted using the chelex method. The bacterium was identified as Enterobacter. The Nblast analysis showed South African Enterobacter has 97% similarity with a population from Korea (KC355340). Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood placed this species with those molecularly identified as Enterobacter in the same clade with highly supported (100) bootstrap values. In conclusion, this species is identified using 16S rDNA properly. However, using other DNA markers for a better understanding of Enterobacter phylogeny is recommended.","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44921490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-911
A. Pachkin, Oksana Kremneva, M. Ivanisova, Ya. S. Ermakov, D. Leptyagin, K. Gasiyan
Recently, there has been interest from the scientific community and agricultural producers in finding means of attracting insects using LED-based light traps. The purpose of these studies is to assess the biodiversity of tomato agrocenoses in open and protected ground, to identify the most massive taxa present in agrocenoses using light traps. The studies were carried out in the period from 15 July to 21 July 2021 on tomato in the experimental production plots of the tomato farmer Erokhin E.A. and in the greenhouses of the farmer Tyrtychny S. A. (the village of Strelka, Temryuk district) in the northwestern zone Krasnodar Territory of the Russian Federation. Studies carried out using light traps designed by the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection» (FRCBPP) made it possible to identify the species diversity of arthropods in tomato agrocenosis, to obtain the dynamics of the number of harmful, beneficial and indifferent entomofauna. Representatives of the following orders dominated in number on the open ground: Coleoptera (68–82%), Hemiptera (15–26%) and Diptera (2–6%), while in the greenhouse there were Lepidoptera (39–61%), Diptera (10 –18%) and Coleoptera (10–40%). Representatives of the Lepidoptera families - Cossidae, Noctuidae, Pyraustidae and Crambidae, and the Coleoptera families - Carabidae, Cerambycidae, Coccinellidae, Dytiscidae, Elateridae, Geotrupidae, Heteroceridae, Hydrophylidae, Scarabaeidae were attracted in open ground as well as in the greenhouse.
{"title":"Assessment of insect biodiversity on tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) using LED traps","authors":"A. Pachkin, Oksana Kremneva, M. Ivanisova, Ya. S. Ermakov, D. Leptyagin, K. Gasiyan","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-911","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, there has been interest from the scientific community and agricultural producers in finding means of attracting insects using LED-based light traps. The purpose of these studies is to assess the biodiversity of tomato agrocenoses in open and protected ground, to identify the most massive taxa present in agrocenoses using light traps. The studies were carried out in the period from 15 July to 21 July 2021 on tomato in the experimental production plots of the tomato farmer Erokhin E.A. and in the greenhouses of the farmer Tyrtychny S. A. (the village of Strelka, Temryuk district) in the northwestern zone Krasnodar Territory of the Russian Federation. Studies carried out using light traps designed by the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection» (FRCBPP) made it possible to identify the species diversity of arthropods in tomato agrocenosis, to obtain the dynamics of the number of harmful, beneficial and indifferent entomofauna. Representatives of the following orders dominated in number on the open ground: Coleoptera (68–82%), Hemiptera (15–26%) and Diptera (2–6%), while in the greenhouse there were Lepidoptera (39–61%), Diptera (10 –18%) and Coleoptera (10–40%). Representatives of the Lepidoptera families - Cossidae, Noctuidae, Pyraustidae and Crambidae, and the Coleoptera families - Carabidae, Cerambycidae, Coccinellidae, Dytiscidae, Elateridae, Geotrupidae, Heteroceridae, Hydrophylidae, Scarabaeidae were attracted in open ground as well as in the greenhouse.","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46537431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-878
T. Tran, D. H. Tran
The vegetable leaf miner, Liriomyza sativae (Blanchard) is a serious insect pest on vegetable and ornamental crops in the whole of Vietnam. It was controlled by a wide range of conventional insecticides. Since there is a limited recommendation on insecticide application, growers continue to use whatever is available. This study was carried out at Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Vietnam during 2021-22 to determine the susceptibility of larval and adult stages of L. sativae to four insecticides (e.g., lambda-cyhalothrin, abamectin, cypermethrin and clothianidin) currently used for the management of the leaf miner. Among four tested insecticides, abamectin was highly effective on larvae and moderately effective on adults of L. satiave. Lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin were moderately effective on either larvae and adults of the leaf miner. Clothianidin was least effective against the leaf miner. These results suggest that abamectin, lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin can be rotationally used for the management of L. sativae.
{"title":"Susceptibility of the vegetable leafminer, Liriomyza sativae (Blanchard) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) to lamda-cyhalothrin, abamectin, cypermethrin and chrothianidin ","authors":"T. Tran, D. H. Tran","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-878","url":null,"abstract":"The vegetable leaf miner, Liriomyza sativae (Blanchard) is a serious insect pest on vegetable and ornamental crops in the whole of Vietnam. It was controlled by a wide range of conventional insecticides. Since there is a limited recommendation on insecticide application, growers continue to use whatever is available. This study was carried out at Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Vietnam during 2021-22 to determine the susceptibility of larval and adult stages of L. sativae to four insecticides (e.g., lambda-cyhalothrin, abamectin, cypermethrin and clothianidin) currently used for the management of the leaf miner. Among four tested insecticides, abamectin was highly effective on larvae and moderately effective on adults of L. satiave. Lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin were moderately effective on either larvae and adults of the leaf miner. Clothianidin was least effective against the leaf miner. These results suggest that abamectin, lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin can be rotationally used for the management of L. sativae.","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47235931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-850
Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi
Predatory nematodes are the main nematodes that live in the soil assisting with the biological control of the plant parasitic nematodes associated with various crops. Mononchus species is a predatory nematode and therefore can feed on the other nematodes that exist in the soil. This species is important due to its critical role in the biocontrol strategy and therefore must be identified correctly. The soil samples were collected from a tomato field in Limpopo Province in South Africa. This molecular study was conducted in 2022 at Limpopo University to identify the nematode species from South Africa's soils using 28S rDNA marker. The recovered nematode was extracted using the tray method, and then its DNA was extracted using the chelex method. The nematode was identified as Mononchus sp. Afterwards, 28S rDNA was amplified using specific primers to identify the nematode at the molecular level. The Nblast analysis based on the large subunit ribosomal DNA showed South African Mononchus sp. had 99 % similarity (KY750781) with a Mexican population. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood placed this species with those molecularly identified as Mononchus in the same clade with highly supported (100) bootstrap values. In conclusion, this is the first 28S rDNA of a Mononchus from South Africa. Additionally, though this species was identified using 28S rDNA however, the use of other rDNA markers such as ITS rDNA and 18S rDNA for a better understanding of Mononchus phylogeny is recommended.
{"title":"Phylogenetic position of Mononchus species (Nematoda: Mononchida) associated with tomato using 28S rDNA from South Africa","authors":"Mehrnoush Aminisarteshnizi","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-850","url":null,"abstract":"Predatory nematodes are the main nematodes that live in the soil assisting with the biological control of the plant parasitic nematodes associated with various crops. Mononchus species is a predatory nematode and therefore can feed on the other nematodes that exist in the soil. This species is important due to its critical role in the biocontrol strategy and therefore must be identified correctly. The soil samples were collected from a tomato field in Limpopo Province in South Africa. This molecular study was conducted in 2022 at Limpopo University to identify the nematode species from South Africa's soils using 28S rDNA marker. The recovered nematode was extracted using the tray method, and then its DNA was extracted using the chelex method. The nematode was identified as Mononchus sp. Afterwards, 28S rDNA was amplified using specific primers to identify the nematode at the molecular level. The Nblast analysis based on the large subunit ribosomal DNA showed South African Mononchus sp. had 99 % similarity (KY750781) with a Mexican population. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood placed this species with those molecularly identified as Mononchus in the same clade with highly supported (100) bootstrap values. In conclusion, this is the first 28S rDNA of a Mononchus from South Africa. Additionally, though this species was identified using 28S rDNA however, the use of other rDNA markers such as ITS rDNA and 18S rDNA for a better understanding of Mononchus phylogeny is recommended.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48881413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-17DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-912
M. Khatun, H. Kato‐Noguchi
Using allelopathic plants, particularly those with growth inhibitory action, has gained significant consideration worldwide because such plants do not have detrimental effects on the environment. Piper longum L. (Piperaceae) is a medicinal plant that has already been documented for its diverse ethnomedicinal uses but not for its phytotoxic action. Therefore, aqueous methanol extracts of P. longum were evaluated for their allelopathic activity at plant biochemistry laboratory, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan. The allelopathic efficacy of different concentrations of P. longum leaf extract was investigated against six plant species (alfalfa, cress, lettuce, Italian ryegrass, barnyard grass, and foxtail fescue), and their growth was recorded after 48 h of treatment. The results showed significant inhibition of seedling growth at 0.03 g dry weight (DW) equivalent P. longum extract, and this inhibition was further increased with increasing extract concentration. The maximum inhibitory effect was noted at 0.3 g DW equivalent P. longum extract per mL. The concentrations required for 50% inhibition of shoot and root growth were 0.003–0.070 and 0.003–0.028 g DW equivalent P. longum leaf extract per mL, respectively. The shoot growth of cress, alfalfa, and lettuce, and the root growth of cress, foxtail fescue, and alfalfa were inhibited the most by the P. longum extracts. Thus, these results indicate the potent allelopathic activity of P. longum, which also implies the presence of allelopathic compounds in the P. longum leaf extract.
{"title":"Piper longum L. leaf extracts, a candidate allelopathic plant that suppressed the growth of six test plants, could be a source of potent phytotoxic compounds","authors":"M. Khatun, H. Kato‐Noguchi","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2022.roc-912","url":null,"abstract":" Using allelopathic plants, particularly those with growth inhibitory action, has gained significant consideration worldwide because such plants do not have detrimental effects on the environment. Piper longum L. (Piperaceae) is a medicinal plant that has already been documented for its diverse ethnomedicinal uses but not for its phytotoxic action. Therefore, aqueous methanol extracts of P. longum were evaluated for their allelopathic activity at plant biochemistry laboratory, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan. The allelopathic efficacy of different concentrations of P. longum leaf extract was investigated against six plant species (alfalfa, cress, lettuce, Italian ryegrass, barnyard grass, and foxtail fescue), and their growth was recorded after 48 h of treatment. The results showed significant inhibition of seedling growth at 0.03 g dry weight (DW) equivalent P. longum extract, and this inhibition was further increased with increasing extract concentration. The maximum inhibitory effect was noted at 0.3 g DW equivalent P. longum extract per mL. The concentrations required for 50% inhibition of shoot and root growth were 0.003–0.070 and 0.003–0.028 g DW equivalent P. longum leaf extract per mL, respectively. The shoot growth of cress, alfalfa, and lettuce, and the root growth of cress, foxtail fescue, and alfalfa were inhibited the most by the P. longum extracts. Thus, these results indicate the potent allelopathic activity of P. longum, which also implies the presence of allelopathic compounds in the P. longum leaf extract.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44316350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：