Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-891
A. Koshelev, V. A. Vedeneeva
Earthworks, such as mining, construction, laying pipes for various purposes and other activities, result in the loss of ecological systems, particularly soil cover integrity. Land reclamation allows for the establishment of a fertile soil layer, soil structure, and the accumulation of humus and other nutrients up to the level of fertility that existed before the violation. The article presents a comparative analysis of the main indicators of soil fertility of agricultural lands (pasture, hayfield, arable land) in its natural state and in the disturbed one caused by the overhaul of the main gas pipeline. The purpose of the research conducted in 2020 was in the dry-steppe zone of chestnut soils of the Volgograd region to analyze the indicators of fertility of agricultural lands that are in their natural state and subject to reclamation with an estimation of restoration costs. To characterize the level of soil fertility, the main indicators of fertility have been considered: particle size distribution, content of organic matter (humus), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S) and pH, which reliably characterized soil fertility in the given soil-climatic conditions of the dry steppe zone of the Volgograd region. As a result of the estimation, it was found that the cost of restoring 1 ha of arable land made 2607.13 euro, and the cost of restoring 1 ha of pasture (haymaking) reached 2096.62 euro.
{"title":"Biological reclamation of disturbed agricultural lands in the Volgograd Trans-Volga region","authors":"A. Koshelev, V. A. Vedeneeva","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-891","url":null,"abstract":"Earthworks, such as mining, construction, laying pipes for various purposes and other activities, result in the loss of ecological systems, particularly soil cover integrity. Land reclamation allows for the establishment of a fertile soil layer, soil structure, and the accumulation of humus and other nutrients up to the level of fertility that existed before the violation. The article presents a comparative analysis of the main indicators of soil fertility of agricultural lands (pasture, hayfield, arable land) in its natural state and in the disturbed one caused by the overhaul of the main gas pipeline. The purpose of the research conducted in 2020 was in the dry-steppe zone of chestnut soils of the Volgograd region to analyze the indicators of fertility of agricultural lands that are in their natural state and subject to reclamation with an estimation of restoration costs. To characterize the level of soil fertility, the main indicators of fertility have been considered: particle size distribution, content of organic matter (humus), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S) and pH, which reliably characterized soil fertility in the given soil-climatic conditions of the dry steppe zone of the Volgograd region. As a result of the estimation, it was found that the cost of restoring 1 ha of arable land made 2607.13 euro, and the cost of restoring 1 ha of pasture (haymaking) reached 2096.62 euro.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41774734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-894
T. A. Masenya, S. W. Mabila, T. Hlophe, M. L. Letsoalo
Lack of arable land on a global scale, agricultural malpractices and high soil salinity have prompted the development of alternative eco-friendly ways to increase crop production. The usage of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) has been reported to positively improve crop production under harsh soil conditions but no such effort has fixated on traditional underutilized crops such as cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens). Given its significance as a versatile remedial crop, it is critical to cultivate this plant and regulate the agronomic necessities for its effective cultivation. Therefore, two separate experiments were conducted at the University of Mpumalanga, Mbombela, South Africa in 2021 and 2022, with an objective to investigate whether VAM will improve growth of cancer bush under saline soil conditions. Three weeks old cancer bush seedlings were planted in pots under microplot conditions. The in a 4 x 4 factorial treatmentarrangement in a randomized complete block design. The seedlings were grown in four geometric series of NaCl : CaCl2 (3 : 1) of artificial chloride salinity levels: 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 ds/m and four levels of VAM: 0,10, 20, and 30 g/pot, with four replications in the two successive years. At 60 days after initiation of treatments, dry root mass and number of branches were significantly affected by treatments in Experiment 1, with total treatment variation (TTV) of 11-17 and 9-34%, respectively of the variables. Dry shoot mass was significantly affected by treatments in Experiment 2, with TTV of 26-32%. In both the experiments, treatments had significant effects on soil EC, contributing 26-42% in TTV in Experiment 1, whereas in Experiment 2 the treatments contributed 4-76% in TTV of the respective variable. In conclusion, findings in the current study demonstrated that VAM in presence of salinity improved growth relative to plants under saline stress.
{"title":"Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal influence on growth of cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens) and alleviation of saline stress","authors":"T. A. Masenya, S. W. Mabila, T. Hlophe, M. L. Letsoalo","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-894","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of arable land on a global scale, agricultural malpractices and high soil salinity have prompted the development of alternative eco-friendly ways to increase crop production. The usage of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) has been reported to positively improve crop production under harsh soil conditions but no such effort has fixated on traditional underutilized crops such as cancer bush (Sutherlandia frutescens). Given its significance as a versatile remedial crop, it is critical to cultivate this plant and regulate the agronomic necessities for its effective cultivation. Therefore, two separate experiments were conducted at the University of Mpumalanga, Mbombela, South Africa in 2021 and 2022, with an objective to investigate whether VAM will improve growth of cancer bush under saline soil conditions. Three weeks old cancer bush seedlings were planted in pots under microplot conditions. The in a 4 x 4 factorial treatmentarrangement in a randomized complete block design. The seedlings were grown in four geometric series of NaCl : CaCl2 (3 : 1) of artificial chloride salinity levels: 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 ds/m and four levels of VAM: 0,10, 20, and 30 g/pot, with four replications in the two successive years. At 60 days after initiation of treatments, dry root mass and number of branches were significantly affected by treatments in Experiment 1, with total treatment variation (TTV) of 11-17 and 9-34%, respectively of the variables. Dry shoot mass was significantly affected by treatments in Experiment 2, with TTV of 26-32%. In both the experiments, treatments had significant effects on soil EC, contributing 26-42% in TTV in Experiment 1, whereas in Experiment 2 the treatments contributed 4-76% in TTV of the respective variable. In conclusion, findings in the current study demonstrated that VAM in presence of salinity improved growth relative to plants under saline stress.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49172166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-10DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-890
A. M. BELYAKOV, M. V. NAZAROVA
The agrolandscapes and soils of southern Russia in the region of chestnut soils, due to soil and climatic features, with an increase in anthropogenic pressure, are subject to significant deterioration, the criterion of which is the level of crop yields below 5 c/ha in grain units. So, only in the Volgograd region at the moment the area of degraded agricultural land is about 1.3 million hectares. The purpose of the research conducted in 1997-2022 is to develop a set of organizational and technological methods for the formation of ecologically balanced agricultural landscapes in the dry steppe zone of chestnut soils. As a result of the research, the weight of each technological method, an element of the system structure is established and a set of organizational, agrotechnological and forest amelioration measures for the formation of ecologically balanced agricultural landscapes for the dry steppe zone of chestnut soils in southern Russia is synthesized, which provides not only the preservation of landscapes and agrolandscapes of the arid zone, but also allows you to form a new paradigm of sustainable farming and land use to achieve a given quantity and quality of products of the agricultural sector of the economy.
{"title":"Techniques for the formation of ecologically balanced agro-landscapes in the dry steppe zone of the Volgograd region, Russia","authors":"A. M. BELYAKOV, M. V. NAZAROVA","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-890","url":null,"abstract":"The agrolandscapes and soils of southern Russia in the region of chestnut soils, due to soil and climatic features, with an increase in anthropogenic pressure, are subject to significant deterioration, the criterion of which is the level of crop yields below 5 c/ha in grain units. So, only in the Volgograd region at the moment the area of degraded agricultural land is about 1.3 million hectares. The purpose of the research conducted in 1997-2022 is to develop a set of organizational and technological methods for the formation of ecologically balanced agricultural landscapes in the dry steppe zone of chestnut soils. As a result of the research, the weight of each technological method, an element of the system structure is established and a set of organizational, agrotechnological and forest amelioration measures for the formation of ecologically balanced agricultural landscapes for the dry steppe zone of chestnut soils in southern Russia is synthesized, which provides not only the preservation of landscapes and agrolandscapes of the arid zone, but also allows you to form a new paradigm of sustainable farming and land use to achieve a given quantity and quality of products of the agricultural sector of the economy.","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136130487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-893
M. ., Anne Nurainianne, U. Soedjanaatmadja, A. Karuniawan
Climate change significantly impacts sweet potato production because of the high potential for drought conditions. Understanding the regional impacts of climate change on the irrigation interval is important for effective water resource management. This study aims at determining the influence of the irrigation interval on the drought tolerance responses of two new sweet potato varieties from Universitas Padjadjaran. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was two varieties of sweet potato i.e. Awachy-1 (Orange-Fleshed) and Biang (Purple-Fleshed); and the second factor was the irrigation interval (1, 3, 5 and 7 days). This research was conducted in a screen house of Ciparanje experimental field station, Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor. Experimental results showed no interaction between the irrigation intervals and the varieties on the sweet potato's yield components and nutritional content. Biang provided the most optimal result regarding the number of tubers and dry mass, despite being watered once every three days. Biang also produced a higher number of tubers, shorter sweet potato length and higher dry weight than Awachy-1 in every irrigation interval. Biang also showed a higher value for nutritional content than Awachy 1 on total soluble solids, sugar and carbohydrate content. The optimal water usage to store the root yield of Biang and Awachy-1 is one to three days of irrigation intervals on the sweet potato’s tuber diameter and the plant's dry weight. However, the irrigation interval that most significantly improved the weight of the tuber was one day, while the increased nutritional content of the tuber was three days. Biang and Awachy-1 cultivars could survive under drought conditions, although some yield components had decreased. These results suggested that the varieties or watering interval affected sweet potato growth and yield components.
{"title":"Yield and yield quality characteristics of two varieties of sweet potato under different watering intervals ","authors":"M. ., Anne Nurainianne, U. Soedjanaatmadja, A. Karuniawan","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-893","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change significantly impacts sweet potato production because of the high potential for drought conditions. Understanding the regional impacts of climate change on the irrigation interval is important for effective water resource management. This study aims at determining the influence of the irrigation interval on the drought tolerance responses of two new sweet potato varieties from Universitas Padjadjaran. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was two varieties of sweet potato i.e. Awachy-1 (Orange-Fleshed) and Biang (Purple-Fleshed); and the second factor was the irrigation interval (1, 3, 5 and 7 days). This research was conducted in a screen house of Ciparanje experimental field station, Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor. Experimental results showed no interaction between the irrigation intervals and the varieties on the sweet potato's yield components and nutritional content. Biang provided the most optimal result regarding the number of tubers and dry mass, despite being watered once every three days. Biang also produced a higher number of tubers, shorter sweet potato length and higher dry weight than Awachy-1 in every irrigation interval. Biang also showed a higher value for nutritional content than Awachy 1 on total soluble solids, sugar and carbohydrate content. The optimal water usage to store the root yield of Biang and Awachy-1 is one to three days of irrigation intervals on the sweet potato’s tuber diameter and the plant's dry weight. However, the irrigation interval that most significantly improved the weight of the tuber was one day, while the increased nutritional content of the tuber was three days. Biang and Awachy-1 cultivars could survive under drought conditions, although some yield components had decreased. These results suggested that the varieties or watering interval affected sweet potato growth and yield components.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41846209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-879
P. Sindhu, C. Beena, P. Sindhumole
Phytosphere management studies for Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC., an essential herbal remedy used in the Ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani medical systems, were carried out at AICRP on MAP and B, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University. Treatments for standardizing shade requirements were 25% shade, 50% shade, 75% shade, and completely open growing conditions. The organic manuring treatments included basal application of FYM @ 10 t/ha, FYM @15 t/ha, vermicompost (to supply N equivalent to FYM 10 t/ha), vermicompost (to supply N equivalent to FYM 15 t/ha), coir pith compost (to supply N equivalent to FYM 10 t/ha), coir pith compost (to supply N equivalent to FYM 15 t/ha) and absolute control. Under 75% shade, the highest root production of 7589 kg/ha was observed. The lowest root yield was produced in the open condition (49% lower than the treatment with the highest yield). According to the findings, D. gangeticum could be used as a component in agroforestry systems with a high shade intensity. The root yields were comparable under 50 and 25% shaded conditions. The basal application of farm yard manure at 10 or 15 t/ha produced the highest root yield and total alkaloid content among organic manures. After two years of the experiment, the soil nutrient status revealed a decrease in the amounts of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compared to the starting level. The absolute control showed the most significant nutrient depletion, emphasizing the importance of providing crops with manures or fertilizers.
{"title":"Phytosphere management for enhancing root yield and quality in a highly traded medicinal plant Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC.","authors":"P. Sindhu, C. Beena, P. Sindhumole","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-879","url":null,"abstract":"Phytosphere management studies for Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC., an essential herbal remedy used in the Ayurvedic, Siddha, and Unani medical systems, were carried out at AICRP on MAP and B, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University. Treatments for standardizing shade requirements were 25% shade, 50% shade, 75% shade, and completely open growing conditions. The organic manuring treatments included basal application of FYM @ 10 t/ha, FYM @15 t/ha, vermicompost (to supply N equivalent to FYM 10 t/ha), vermicompost (to supply N equivalent to FYM 15 t/ha), coir pith compost (to supply N equivalent to FYM 10 t/ha), coir pith compost (to supply N equivalent to FYM 15 t/ha) and absolute control. Under 75% shade, the highest root production of 7589 kg/ha was observed. The lowest root yield was produced in the open condition (49% lower than the treatment with the highest yield). According to the findings, D. gangeticum could be used as a component in agroforestry systems with a high shade intensity. The root yields were comparable under 50 and 25% shaded conditions. The basal application of farm yard manure at 10 or 15 t/ha produced the highest root yield and total alkaloid content among organic manures. After two years of the experiment, the soil nutrient status revealed a decrease in the amounts of available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compared to the starting level. The absolute control showed the most significant nutrient depletion, emphasizing the importance of providing crops with manures or fertilizers.","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43689395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-887
N. Minh
White mulberry (Morus alba) leaf is highly valued due to its health-promoting attributes. It is specified by a great content of phytochemical constituents with excellent antioxidant properties. This research was conducted at STNanotech Laboratory in 2021 to evaluate the dried tea production from the white mulberry leaf. The total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH free radical scavenging, FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant and beta-carotene bleaching activity in the raw white mulberry leaf were primarily analyzed. The raw white mulberry leaf was blanched in different conditions (100/5, 95/10, 90/15, 85/20 and 80/25 oC/s) to inactivate enzymes. The blanched leaves were cut into small pieces with dimension of 0.5 × 3.5 cm. The cut mulberry leaves were then convective-dried at different conditions (50/18, 55/15, 60/12, 65/9, and 70/6 oC/h) by a convective dryer. Dried tea was left to cool and ready for testing of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH free radical scavenging, FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant and beta-carotene bleaching activity. Results showed that raw mulberry leaves should be blanched in hot water at 95/10 (oC/s) and convective-dried at 60/12 (oC/h) to maintain the highest bioactive contents and antioxidant properties. The dried mulberry leaf tea still retained the most valuable ingredients in raw material.
{"title":"Effect of blanching and convective drying on phytochemical constituents of dried tea from white mulberry (Morus alba) leaf","authors":"N. Minh","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-887","url":null,"abstract":"White mulberry (Morus alba) leaf is highly valued due to its health-promoting attributes. It is specified by a great content of phytochemical constituents with excellent antioxidant properties. This research was conducted at STNanotech Laboratory in 2021 to evaluate the dried tea production from the white mulberry leaf. The total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH free radical scavenging, FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant and beta-carotene bleaching activity in the raw white mulberry leaf were primarily analyzed. The raw white mulberry leaf was blanched in different conditions (100/5, 95/10, 90/15, 85/20 and 80/25 oC/s) to inactivate enzymes. The blanched leaves were cut into small pieces with dimension of 0.5 × 3.5 cm. The cut mulberry leaves were then convective-dried at different conditions (50/18, 55/15, 60/12, 65/9, and 70/6 oC/h) by a convective dryer. Dried tea was left to cool and ready for testing of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH free radical scavenging, FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant and beta-carotene bleaching activity. Results showed that raw mulberry leaves should be blanched in hot water at 95/10 (oC/s) and convective-dried at 60/12 (oC/h) to maintain the highest bioactive contents and antioxidant properties. The dried mulberry leaf tea still retained the most valuable ingredients in raw material.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45491796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-881
Ydyrys Alibek, N. Abdolla, Muratzhan Masimzhan, Zh. T. Abdrasulova, S. Syraiyl
Studying the source and cultivation conditions of medicinal plants, growing them in the field of agriculture, and determining new prospects for production is one of the topical topics. This research was conducted in 2022 in the south-eastern territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The research work was carried out using geobotanical and biological methods. In this article, the authors describe that contains opposing points of view on the problem considered in the importance of cultivation and resource of agricultural systems medical plant, Artemisia schrenkiana L.. The article presents the results of the plant community of the area where the A. schrenkiana Ledeb plant grows in the south-east of Kazakhstan and laboratory seed productivity. As a result of the research, the authors have described 163 plant species belonging to 31 families and 116 genera from the plant community, making a comprehensive analysis of the microclimatic conditions, terrain structure and floral composition of the area where the A. schrenkiana Ledeb plant grows. Laboratory experiments showed high germination of A. schrenkiana seeds, but the germination of seeds collected from different populations was different: for example, № 2 population seeds had the highest laboratory germination. This was probably due to the remoteness of these populations from anthropogenic factors. because 1 and № 3 populations of A. schrenkiana were found in the vicinity of settlements, while № 2 populations were located in pastures far from villages. According to the natural resource analysis, the following five genera dominated by the number of species in the places where A. schrenkiana Ledeb grows: Gramineae Juss. Poaceae, Compositae Giseke., Chenopodiaceae Vent., Leguminosae Juss. and Boraginaceae Juss. The plants in the studied community were classified according to their useful properties as follows: 157 species value plants, 38 species of medicinal plants, five species of poisonous plants, 10 species of essential oil plants, three species of succulent plants and three species of ornamental plants. Currently, no external factor had a strong negative impact on the plant community where A. schrenkiana Ledeb, a plant with medicinal potential and important in agriculture.
{"title":"Cultivation and resource of Artemisia schrenkiana L. for increased pharmaceutical perspective ","authors":"Ydyrys Alibek, N. Abdolla, Muratzhan Masimzhan, Zh. T. Abdrasulova, S. Syraiyl","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-881","url":null,"abstract":"Studying the source and cultivation conditions of medicinal plants, growing them in the field of agriculture, and determining new prospects for production is one of the topical topics. This research was conducted in 2022 in the south-eastern territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The research work was carried out using geobotanical and biological methods. In this article, the authors describe that contains opposing points of view on the problem considered in the importance of cultivation and resource of agricultural systems medical plant, Artemisia schrenkiana L.. The article presents the results of the plant community of the area where the A. schrenkiana Ledeb plant grows in the south-east of Kazakhstan and laboratory seed productivity. As a result of the research, the authors have described 163 plant species belonging to 31 families and 116 genera from the plant community, making a comprehensive analysis of the microclimatic conditions, terrain structure and floral composition of the area where the A. schrenkiana Ledeb plant grows. Laboratory experiments showed high germination of A. schrenkiana seeds, but the germination of seeds collected from different populations was different: for example, № 2 population seeds had the highest laboratory germination. This was probably due to the remoteness of these populations from anthropogenic factors. because 1 and № 3 populations of A. schrenkiana were found in the vicinity of settlements, while № 2 populations were located in pastures far from villages. According to the natural resource analysis, the following five genera dominated by the number of species in the places where A. schrenkiana Ledeb grows: Gramineae Juss. Poaceae, Compositae Giseke., Chenopodiaceae Vent., Leguminosae Juss. and Boraginaceae Juss. The plants in the studied community were classified according to their useful properties as follows: 157 species value plants, 38 species of medicinal plants, five species of poisonous plants, 10 species of essential oil plants, three species of succulent plants and three species of ornamental plants. Currently, no external factor had a strong negative impact on the plant community where A. schrenkiana Ledeb, a plant with medicinal potential and important in agriculture.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"36 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41278436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-889
Q. C. Nguyen, H. Ngo, M. Vu
Tan Ky is known as one of the sugarcane cultivation regions (SCRs) of Nghe An Province, Vietnam. In recent years, the area is facing adverse weather factors, as a part of climate variability, resulting in a significant decrease in the income of cane growers. The study, therefore, is to estimate the benefits of the sugarcane growing practical (SGP) for the SCRs of Tan Ky district in the background of climate change and further seek effective adaptation solutions as well as optimize profits. Sugarcane yield was evaluated by simulating the APSIM-Sugar model (Version 7.0) based on the soil, crop varieties, field management and climate data during the period of 2000-21. The performance of the proposed model was appraised by comparing the simulated results with observed biomass and sugarcane yield data through the statistical indices with R2=0.83 ÷ 0.86, d=0.80 ÷ 0.88, and RMSE=0.16 ÷ 0.18. Results indicated that under the same cultivation conditions, the SGP in the adverse weather period could lead to a slight decline in the sugarcane yield around 6.8% for spring crop season compared to the favourable weather period. In general, the SGP across the SCRs of Tan Ky district are not suitable for the local cane growers and that may be one of the main causes leading to the decline in sugarcane yield and further decrease in cane growers’ incomes.
Tan Ky是越南义安省的甘蔗种植区之一。近年来，作为气候变化的一部分，该地区面临着不利的天气因素，导致甘蔗种植者的收入大幅下降。因此，本研究旨在评估气候变化背景下Tan Ky地区SCR的甘蔗种植实践（SGP）效益，并进一步寻求有效的适应解决方案和优化利润。根据2000-21年期间的土壤、作物品种、田间管理和气候数据，通过模拟APSIM Sugar模型（7.0版）来评估甘蔗产量。通过R2=0.83÷0.86、d=0.80÷0.88和RMSE=0.16÷0.18的统计指数将模拟结果与观测到的生物量和甘蔗产量数据进行比较，对所提出的模型的性能进行了评估。结果表明，在相同的栽培条件下，不利天气时期的SGP可能导致春季作物季节的甘蔗产量比有利天气时期略微下降约6.8%。总的来说，Tan Ky区SCR的SGP不适合当地的甘蔗种植者，这可能是导致甘蔗产量下降和甘蔗种植者收入进一步下降的主要原因之一。
{"title":"Advantages of altering cropping schedules in the face of climate variability: A case study of Tan Ky sugarcane cultivation area, Nghe An province","authors":"Q. C. Nguyen, H. Ngo, M. Vu","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-889","url":null,"abstract":"Tan Ky is known as one of the sugarcane cultivation regions (SCRs) of Nghe An Province, Vietnam. In recent years, the area is facing adverse weather factors, as a part of climate variability, resulting in a significant decrease in the income of cane growers. The study, therefore, is to estimate the benefits of the sugarcane growing practical (SGP) for the SCRs of Tan Ky district in the background of climate change and further seek effective adaptation solutions as well as optimize profits. Sugarcane yield was evaluated by simulating the APSIM-Sugar model (Version 7.0) based on the soil, crop varieties, field management and climate data during the period of 2000-21. The performance of the proposed model was appraised by comparing the simulated results with observed biomass and sugarcane yield data through the statistical indices with R2=0.83 ÷ 0.86, d=0.80 ÷ 0.88, and RMSE=0.16 ÷ 0.18. Results indicated that under the same cultivation conditions, the SGP in the adverse weather period could lead to a slight decline in the sugarcane yield around 6.8% for spring crop season compared to the favourable weather period. In general, the SGP across the SCRs of Tan Ky district are not suitable for the local cane growers and that may be one of the main causes leading to the decline in sugarcane yield and further decrease in cane growers’ incomes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43656477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11152
M. Yvonne, Tseke Pontsho
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a nutrient-dense root crop that is high in antioxidants. However, consumption was observed to decline, mainly as a result of the limited post-harvest processing methods. The boiling method is commonly used, however, leaching of the essential nutrients into the boiling water affects its nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of the study was to investigate the effect of various processing techniques on the nutritional value of the orange fleshed ‘Bophelo’ sweet potato cultivar. A 2 × 3 factorial experiment, arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD), was conducted. Factors A comprised 2 preparations (unpeeled and peeled) methods and factor B comprised three processing (boiling, deep-frying and roasting) methods, which served as treatments, in triplicates. The unprocessed, raw-peeled and unpeeled samples represented the control. Data on vitamin C, beta carotene, total phenolic, starch and protein were determined and recorded. In the peeled form, roasted samples had the highest nutritional accumulation (vitamin C 21.03 mg/100 mL, beta-carotene 64.6 μg/100 g, starch 5.86 g/mL and protein 0.3 mg/L), whereas in the unpeeled form, higher total phenolic (80.7 mg/GAE/g) was retained. The deep-frying method favoured vitamin C (10.00 mg/100 mL) and starch (13.6 g/mL) in the peeled form, but in the unpeeled form, beta-carotene (32.0 μg/100 g), total phenolic (66.2 mg/GAE/g) and protein (1.5 mg/L) were retained. The boiling method retained low levels of vitamin C (3.35 mg/100 mL), beta carotene (54.8 μg/100 g), total phenolic (43.5 mg/GAE/g) and protein (1.3 mg/L) in peeled forms, whereas starch (8.59 g/ml) was retained in the unpeeled samples. In conclusion, the roasting method demonstrated high retention of the tested nutritional value in ‘Bophelo’ sweet potato samples.
{"title":"Responses of the nutritional value of the orange fleshed ‘Bophelo’ sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cultivar under various processing techniques","authors":"M. Yvonne, Tseke Pontsho","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11152","url":null,"abstract":"Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is a nutrient-dense root crop that is high in antioxidants. However, consumption was observed to decline, mainly as a result of the limited post-harvest processing methods. The boiling method is commonly used, however, leaching of the essential nutrients into the boiling water affects its nutritional value. Therefore, the objective of the study was to investigate the effect of various processing techniques on the nutritional value of the orange fleshed ‘Bophelo’ sweet potato cultivar. A 2 × 3 factorial experiment, arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD), was conducted. Factors A comprised 2 preparations (unpeeled and peeled) methods and factor B comprised three processing (boiling, deep-frying and roasting) methods, which served as treatments, in triplicates. The unprocessed, raw-peeled and unpeeled samples represented the control. Data on vitamin C, beta carotene, total phenolic, starch and protein were determined and recorded. In the peeled form, roasted samples had the highest nutritional accumulation (vitamin C 21.03 mg/100 mL, beta-carotene 64.6 μg/100 g, starch 5.86 g/mL and protein 0.3 mg/L), whereas in the unpeeled form, higher total phenolic (80.7 mg/GAE/g) was retained. The deep-frying method favoured vitamin C (10.00 mg/100 mL) and starch (13.6 g/mL) in the peeled form, but in the unpeeled form, beta-carotene (32.0 μg/100 g), total phenolic (66.2 mg/GAE/g) and protein (1.5 mg/L) were retained. The boiling method retained low levels of vitamin C (3.35 mg/100 mL), beta carotene (54.8 μg/100 g), total phenolic (43.5 mg/GAE/g) and protein (1.3 mg/L) in peeled forms, whereas starch (8.59 g/ml) was retained in the unpeeled samples. In conclusion, the roasting method demonstrated high retention of the tested nutritional value in ‘Bophelo’ sweet potato samples.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42516032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-876
D. Gokul, P. Karthikeyan, P. Poonkodi, S. Babu, P. Imas, A. Perelman
Polyhalite is a natural mineral which contains potassium (K2O, 14%), sulphur (SO3, 48%), calcium (CaO, 17%) and magnesium (MgO, 6%). It is used as fertilizer for high value crops. Soil fertility, selection of fertilizer sources and application practices are all crucial factors in maximizing mineral nutrition during the cropping season. With an increasing demand for fertilizer, polyhalite was identified as a potassium source for crops. In view of this context, a present experimental work was conducted during 2021-22 at farmer’s field, Arachalur, Erode district, Tamil Nadu, India to study the influence of polyhalite on growth attributes, yield attributes and yield of sugarcane var. Co 11015. The experiment was conducted in sandy loam soil laid out in randomized block design with 10 treatments replicated thrice. The recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus was applied uniformly to all treatments. The potassium was applied in two sources, muriate of potash (MOP) and polyalite in different ratios and levels except control. The results of the field experiment revealed that sugarcane significantly responded to the application of two potassium sources and levels. The maximum values of growth attributes like plant height, number of leaves per stalk, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll content, yield attributes and yield like, number of internodes per stalk, length of internode per millable cane, length of millable cane, diameter of millable cane, single cane weight, number of tillers per plant, number of millable cane, cane yield and sugar yield were recorded with application of RDF (NP alone) + 150% K (169.5 kg K2O/ha) as polyhalite (T8). The lowest respond was found in the treatment T1, which received RDF (NP alone).
{"title":" Influence of Polyhalite on growth and yield of sugarcane var. Co 11015 in typic Ustropepts ","authors":"D. Gokul, P. Karthikeyan, P. Poonkodi, S. Babu, P. Imas, A. Perelman","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-876","url":null,"abstract":"Polyhalite is a natural mineral which contains potassium (K2O, 14%), sulphur (SO3, 48%), calcium (CaO, 17%) and magnesium (MgO, 6%). It is used as fertilizer for high value crops. Soil fertility, selection of fertilizer sources and application practices are all crucial factors in maximizing mineral nutrition during the cropping season. With an increasing demand for fertilizer, polyhalite was identified as a potassium source for crops. In view of this context, a present experimental work was conducted during 2021-22 at farmer’s field, Arachalur, Erode district, Tamil Nadu, India to study the influence of polyhalite on growth attributes, yield attributes and yield of sugarcane var. Co 11015. The experiment was conducted in sandy loam soil laid out in randomized block design with 10 treatments replicated thrice. The recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus was applied uniformly to all treatments. The potassium was applied in two sources, muriate of potash (MOP) and polyalite in different ratios and levels except control. The results of the field experiment revealed that sugarcane significantly responded to the application of two potassium sources and levels. The maximum values of growth attributes like plant height, number of leaves per stalk, leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll content, yield attributes and yield like, number of internodes per stalk, length of internode per millable cane, length of millable cane, diameter of millable cane, single cane weight, number of tillers per plant, number of millable cane, cane yield and sugar yield were recorded with application of RDF (NP alone) + 150% K (169.5 kg K2O/ha) as polyhalite (T8). The lowest respond was found in the treatment T1, which received RDF (NP alone).\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45105189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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