Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-883
S. Preethi, K. N. Ragumoorthi, B. Vinothkumar, V. Balasubramani, D. Kumaresan
The aim of the study was to find out the dissipation rate of the chlorantraniliprole residues in garden bean pods. Insecticides were sprayed at the farmers’ holding located at Naraseepuram, Coimbatore during the year 2022 (March to April), and the collected samples were processed and analyzed in the laboratory. An effective modified QuEChERS method was developed and validated to estimate the chlorantraniliprole residues in Ultra High-Performance Chromatography. Good linearity with R2 greater than 0.99 was achieved with the Limit of Quantification as 0.05 mg/kg. The relative standard deviation was below 5% for the recoveries obtained (93.30 to 97.91%). The residues persisted up to 10 and 15 days after treatment for recommended (20 g a.i./ha) and double the recommended doses (40 g a.i./ha), respectively. The half-life of chlorantraniliprole in garden beans was calculated as 2.18 days for recommended dose and 2.89 days for double the recommended dose. Intake of chlorantraniliprole residues through garden beans at either of the doses was found to be safe as the calculated Risk Quotient (RQ) was less than one.
{"title":" Dissipation kinetics and dietary risk assessment of chlorantraniliprole residues in/on garden bean (Lablab purpureus var. typicus) using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography ","authors":"S. Preethi, K. N. Ragumoorthi, B. Vinothkumar, V. Balasubramani, D. Kumaresan","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-883","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to find out the dissipation rate of the chlorantraniliprole residues in garden bean pods. Insecticides were sprayed at the farmers’ holding located at Naraseepuram, Coimbatore during the year 2022 (March to April), and the collected samples were processed and analyzed in the laboratory. An effective modified QuEChERS method was developed and validated to estimate the chlorantraniliprole residues in Ultra High-Performance Chromatography. Good linearity with R2 greater than 0.99 was achieved with the Limit of Quantification as 0.05 mg/kg. The relative standard deviation was below 5% for the recoveries obtained (93.30 to 97.91%). The residues persisted up to 10 and 15 days after treatment for recommended (20 g a.i./ha) and double the recommended doses (40 g a.i./ha), respectively. The half-life of chlorantraniliprole in garden beans was calculated as 2.18 days for recommended dose and 2.89 days for double the recommended dose. Intake of chlorantraniliprole residues through garden beans at either of the doses was found to be safe as the calculated Risk Quotient (RQ) was less than one.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43144466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-06DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11155
Ahmed Hashim AL-MASHHADANY, M. AL-MHARIB
The seedlings of vegetables are exposed to stress states, especially through the first period, due to injuring their roots by transplanting or heavy rain , so it is necessary to provide an available nutrient to recover the growth and increase their early yield, which means more income for farmers. In this regard, an experiment was conducted in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Agriculture Faculty, University of Baghdad, Iraq to study the effect of different types and concentrations of mineral fertilizers as starter solutions by using high nitrogen (N), high phosphorus (P) and neutral fertilizers (Q) at three levels which were 4 g/l (S1), 8 g/l (S2) and 12 g/l (S3) on broccoli growth and yield. The results showed that the treatment of adding the starter solution of the neutral fertilizer with a concentration of 8 g/l (QS2 treatment) significantly enhanced the main head weight (631.9 g/plant), the plant yield (1050.6 g/plant) and the total yield (35.02 t/ha) traits, and gave good results for the indicators of quality characteristics of heads, where the percentage of soluble solids was 9.06 and the percentage of nitrogen and protein (3.72 and 23.25, respectively). Therefore, the addition of starter solution to the nitrogen fertilizer at a concentration of 8 g/l (NS2 treatment) enhanced the number and weight of lateral head which gave 7.28 lateral heads/plant and 420.9 g/plant, respectively.
{"title":"Effect of fertilizers starter solutions on growth and production of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) ","authors":"Ahmed Hashim AL-MASHHADANY, M. AL-MHARIB","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11155","url":null,"abstract":"The seedlings of vegetables are exposed to stress states, especially through the first period, due to injuring their roots by transplanting or heavy rain , so it is necessary to provide an available nutrient to recover the growth and increase their early yield, which means more income for farmers. In this regard, an experiment was conducted in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Agriculture Faculty, University of Baghdad, Iraq to study the effect of different types and concentrations of mineral fertilizers as starter solutions by using high nitrogen (N), high phosphorus (P) and neutral fertilizers (Q) at three levels which were 4 g/l (S1), 8 g/l (S2) and 12 g/l (S3) on broccoli growth and yield. The results showed that the treatment of adding the starter solution of the neutral fertilizer with a concentration of 8 g/l (QS2 treatment) significantly enhanced the main head weight (631.9 g/plant), the plant yield (1050.6 g/plant) and the total yield (35.02 t/ha) traits, and gave good results for the indicators of quality characteristics of heads, where the percentage of soluble solids was 9.06 and the percentage of nitrogen and protein (3.72 and 23.25, respectively). Therefore, the addition of starter solution to the nitrogen fertilizer at a concentration of 8 g/l (NS2 treatment) enhanced the number and weight of lateral head which gave 7.28 lateral heads/plant and 420.9 g/plant, respectively.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45169983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-914
T. Hoang, D. Do, T. D. Tran, C. Duong, H. Do
Peanut is an important annual crop in sandy soil of Central Vietnam. Organic fertilizer application plays a key role in improving peanut yield and soil quality. However, research on cattle manure is still limited in sandy soil for peanut crop. Trial consisted of 10 fertilizer treatments with two factors including two application methods and five ratios of inorganic fertilizer and manure and rice straw combinations. They were arranged in a split plot design with three replicates during the spring and summer season of 2021 on the sandy soil at Cat Trinh commune, Phu Cat district, Binh Dinh province, Vietnam. The aims of the study were to evaluate the efficiency of different combinations of organic amendments on the yield of peanut and to examine possible short-term changes in soil characteristics as a result of organic amendments application. The study results showed that application methods and different organic treatments gave higher yields compared with application of inorganic fertilizer alone. The highest peanut yield was found in the application of organic fertilizer from cattle manure+rice straw (1:0.5) and row application with (2.80-3.85 t/ha), increasing (21-27%) compared with application of inorganic fertilizer alone in surface application method and seasons. Cattle manure application improved some soil chemistry properties after the experiment such as OC, CEC, total N, P2O5 and K2O. In conclusion, incorporation of different types of organic amendments improved peanut yield and soil properties more than application of inorganic fertilizer alone.
{"title":"Efficacy of cattle manure in improving the productivity of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in sandy soil of Central Vietnam","authors":"T. Hoang, D. Do, T. D. Tran, C. Duong, H. Do","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-914","url":null,"abstract":"Peanut is an important annual crop in sandy soil of Central Vietnam. Organic fertilizer application plays a key role in improving peanut yield and soil quality. However, research on cattle manure is still limited in sandy soil for peanut crop. Trial consisted of 10 fertilizer treatments with two factors including two application methods and five ratios of inorganic fertilizer and manure and rice straw combinations. They were arranged in a split plot design with three replicates during the spring and summer season of 2021 on the sandy soil at Cat Trinh commune, Phu Cat district, Binh Dinh province, Vietnam. The aims of the study were to evaluate the efficiency of different combinations of organic amendments on the yield of peanut and to examine possible short-term changes in soil characteristics as a result of organic amendments application. The study results showed that application methods and different organic treatments gave higher yields compared with application of inorganic fertilizer alone. The highest peanut yield was found in the application of organic fertilizer from cattle manure+rice straw (1:0.5) and row application with (2.80-3.85 t/ha), increasing (21-27%) compared with application of inorganic fertilizer alone in surface application method and seasons. Cattle manure application improved some soil chemistry properties after the experiment such as OC, CEC, total N, P2O5 and K2O. In conclusion, incorporation of different types of organic amendments improved peanut yield and soil properties more than application of inorganic fertilizer alone.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46320984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11160
A. Aziez
The amount of moisture in the soil has a significant impact on the growth of soybean, if there is a significant drop in the amount of moisture present in the soil, the soybean plant will undergo drought stress. But, the performance and extent of withstand of drought stress is yet to be scrutinized. Therefore, this study was conducted in plastic houses in Demangan Village, Sambi, Boyolali, Central Java, Indonesia, from August to November 2020 with an aim to know the response of the soybean growth under drought stress. The study was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated thrice. The first factor was the soil moisture, which consisted of four levels, namely, 100, 75, 50 and 25% field capacity. The second factor was the growth phase, which consisted of three kinds, namely, active vegetative, flowering time and seed filling period. The results showed that soil moisture of 50% field capacity in all growth phases caused to decrease in leaf size, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and plant dry weight. The maximal leaf size, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and plant dry weight were obtained in 100% field capacity in the seed filling phase, while the lowest at 25% field capacity. The study findings showed that the most sensitive phase of soybean growth to drought stress was in the seed filling phase. The practical implication was that the soybean growth should be in field capacity, especially in the seed filling phase.
{"title":" Growth response of soybean (Glycine max L.) under drought stress condition ","authors":"A. Aziez","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11160","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of moisture in the soil has a significant impact on the growth of soybean, if there is a significant drop in the amount of moisture present in the soil, the soybean plant will undergo drought stress. But, the performance and extent of withstand of drought stress is yet to be scrutinized. Therefore, this study was conducted in plastic houses in Demangan Village, Sambi, Boyolali, Central Java, Indonesia, from August to November 2020 with an aim to know the response of the soybean growth under drought stress. The study was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated thrice. The first factor was the soil moisture, which consisted of four levels, namely, 100, 75, 50 and 25% field capacity. The second factor was the growth phase, which consisted of three kinds, namely, active vegetative, flowering time and seed filling period. The results showed that soil moisture of 50% field capacity in all growth phases caused to decrease in leaf size, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and plant dry weight. The maximal leaf size, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and plant dry weight were obtained in 100% field capacity in the seed filling phase, while the lowest at 25% field capacity. The study findings showed that the most sensitive phase of soybean growth to drought stress was in the seed filling phase. The practical implication was that the soybean growth should be in field capacity, especially in the seed filling phase.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44727099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-877
K. Pofu, P. Mashela
Priming-and-drying technology for pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with hypogeal germination showed that the technology could improve plant growth and development, while suppressing nematode population densities, but without information on the potential causal factors for the former. A study was, therefore, conducted in Limpopo Province, South Africa, to investigate the extent to which plant responses could be associated with accumulation of foliar nutrient elements in pea plants post-subjecting pea seeds to the technology. After a 2-h priming of pea seeds in geometric concentration of Nemarioc-AL and Nemafric-BL phytonematicides and then air-dried in ovens at 26ºC for 72 h. Seeds were sown in 20-cm-diameter plastic pots filled with appropriate growing mixture, with one trial in the greenhouse and the other on microplots. At 60 days after sowing, 10 healthy mature leaves per plant were prepared for extraction of nutrient elements through the digestion method and then quantified in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ICPE-9000. Iron, Na, K and Zn in leaf tissues of pea plants versus increasing phytonematicides concentration, regardless of the growing condition, exhibited significant (P ≤ 0.05) negative or positive quadratic equations. In conclusion, results suggested that the priming-and-drying technology could affect pea plant growth through disproportionate accumulation of nutrient elements in foliar leaf tissues.
{"title":"Response of selected nutrient elements in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaf tissues to the seed priming-and-drying technology in cucurbitacin phytonematicides","authors":"K. Pofu, P. Mashela","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-877","url":null,"abstract":"Priming-and-drying technology for pea (Pisum sativum L.) seeds with hypogeal germination showed that the technology could improve plant growth and development, while suppressing nematode population densities, but without information on the potential causal factors for the former. A study was, therefore, conducted in Limpopo Province, South Africa, to investigate the extent to which plant responses could be associated with accumulation of foliar nutrient elements in pea plants post-subjecting pea seeds to the technology. After a 2-h priming of pea seeds in geometric concentration of Nemarioc-AL and Nemafric-BL phytonematicides and then air-dried in ovens at 26ºC for 72 h. Seeds were sown in 20-cm-diameter plastic pots filled with appropriate growing mixture, with one trial in the greenhouse and the other on microplots. At 60 days after sowing, 10 healthy mature leaves per plant were prepared for extraction of nutrient elements through the digestion method and then quantified in Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer ICPE-9000. Iron, Na, K and Zn in leaf tissues of pea plants versus increasing phytonematicides concentration, regardless of the growing condition, exhibited significant (P ≤ 0.05) negative or positive quadratic equations. In conclusion, results suggested that the priming-and-drying technology could affect pea plant growth through disproportionate accumulation of nutrient elements in foliar leaf tissues.","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47474860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-898
Rasol Hassan Nemr, Wtheq Falhi Hammood
A field experiment was carried out to determine the best effect of Johnson grass extract, alone or in combination with Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl herbicide, to achieve the benefit of their integration into weed control programs to reduce reliance on herbicides in controlling weeds, increasing yield and reducing environmental pollution by these herbicides. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with the split plot arrangement by three replicates was applied, the distance between the rows (20, 25 and 30 cm) represents the main plots. The control treatments : weed-free (T1), application Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl at rate 2 ml/l (T2), Johnson grass extract at rate 18 l/ha (T3), half herbicide amount + half extract amount (T4) and weedy treatment (T5) , represent the sub-plots . The results showed that of distance 20 cm achieved lowest density of companion weeds (52.20 weeds/m2) and highest percentage of weed control (50.42) after 60 days of application, and highest seed yield, oil yield reached 1.781 and 0.675 t/ha, respectively. The distance 30 cm achieved highest number of capsules (14.790 capsules/plant) seeds (8.337 seeds/capsule) and highest weight of 1000 seeds reaching 7.379 g. Application of Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl (T2) achieved lowest weed density (54.78 weeds/m2), highest weed control percentage (52.22) after 60 days of application. Besides, highest number of capsules (14.956 capsules/plant), seeds were (8.580 seeds/capsule), highest weight of 1000 seeds was 7.611 g, and highest seed yield , oil yield reached 1.779 and 0.7113 t/ha, respectively. Distance 20 cm with treatment (T2) achieved lowest number of weeds reaching (44.67 weeds/m2), highest percentage of weed control (57.59) after 60 days of application, highest seed yield, oil yield reached 2.067 and 0.7267 t/ha, respectively. Distance 30 cm and treatment (T2) achieved highest number of capsules (16.05 capsules/plant), seeds (8.580 seeds/capsule) and highest weight of 1000 seeds reaching 7.873 g.
{"title":"(.Effect of Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl herbicide in combination with Johnson grass extract on weed control in flax crop (Linum usitatissimum L","authors":"Rasol Hassan Nemr, Wtheq Falhi Hammood","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-898","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out to determine the best effect of Johnson grass extract, alone or in combination with Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl herbicide, to achieve the benefit of their integration into weed control programs to reduce reliance on herbicides in controlling weeds, increasing yield and reducing environmental pollution by these herbicides. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with the split plot arrangement by three replicates was applied, the distance between the rows (20, 25 and 30 cm) represents the main plots. The control treatments : weed-free (T1), application Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl at rate 2 ml/l (T2), Johnson grass extract at rate 18 l/ha (T3), half herbicide amount + half extract amount (T4) and weedy treatment (T5) , represent the sub-plots . The results showed that of distance 20 cm achieved lowest density of companion weeds (52.20 weeds/m2) and highest percentage of weed control (50.42) after 60 days of application, and highest seed yield, oil yield reached 1.781 and 0.675 t/ha, respectively. The distance 30 cm achieved highest number of capsules (14.790 capsules/plant) seeds (8.337 seeds/capsule) and highest weight of 1000 seeds reaching 7.379 g. Application of Quizalofop-p-Tefuryl (T2) achieved lowest weed density (54.78 weeds/m2), highest weed control percentage (52.22) after 60 days of application. Besides, highest number of capsules (14.956 capsules/plant), seeds were (8.580 seeds/capsule), highest weight of 1000 seeds was 7.611 g, and highest seed yield , oil yield reached 1.779 and 0.7113 t/ha, respectively. Distance 20 cm with treatment (T2) achieved lowest number of weeds reaching (44.67 weeds/m2), highest percentage of weed control (57.59) after 60 days of application, highest seed yield, oil yield reached 2.067 and 0.7267 t/ha, respectively. Distance 30 cm and treatment (T2) achieved highest number of capsules (16.05 capsules/plant), seeds (8.580 seeds/capsule) and highest weight of 1000 seeds reaching 7.873 g.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44648221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-888
N. Minh
Watermelon and cantaloupe are vital fruits that supply the basic energy requirement along with reduction in poverty of millions of farmers. However, the nutritional quality is influenced by soil, climatic condition and cultivation technique, adopted by the local farmers which needs to be explored in depth. Therefore, this research was conducted at Chon Thanh district, Binh Phuoc province, Vietnam in 2021 to survey the impact of crop seasons (winter-spring and autumn-winter) on the proximate composition, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of watermelon and cantaloupe fruits. This investigation was carried out on 24 orchards (for watermelon) and 18 green-houses (for cantaloupe) of Binh Phuoc province, Vietnam with total 216 watermelon fruits and 162 cantaloupe fruits in the winter–spring crop from October 2019 to March 2020; and total 216 watermelon fruits and 162 cantaloupe fruits in the autumn-winter crop from April 2020 to September 2020. Results showed that winter-spring provided a minor higher proximate composition, phenolic content and antioxidant activity on both the watermelon and cantaloupe fruits than ones grown in the autumn-winter season. It could be explained by the effect of crop seasons on the growth of fruits and accumulation of quality attributes.
{"title":"Influence of crop seasons to quality attributes of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris L.) and cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) in the sub-tropical zone of Vietnam","authors":"N. Minh","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-888","url":null,"abstract":"Watermelon and cantaloupe are vital fruits that supply the basic energy requirement along with reduction in poverty of millions of farmers. However, the nutritional quality is influenced by soil, climatic condition and cultivation technique, adopted by the local farmers which needs to be explored in depth. Therefore, this research was conducted at Chon Thanh district, Binh Phuoc province, Vietnam in 2021 to survey the impact of crop seasons (winter-spring and autumn-winter) on the proximate composition, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of watermelon and cantaloupe fruits. This investigation was carried out on 24 orchards (for watermelon) and 18 green-houses (for cantaloupe) of Binh Phuoc province, Vietnam with total 216 watermelon fruits and 162 cantaloupe fruits in the winter–spring crop from October 2019 to March 2020; and total 216 watermelon fruits and 162 cantaloupe fruits in the autumn-winter crop from April 2020 to September 2020. Results showed that winter-spring provided a minor higher proximate composition, phenolic content and antioxidant activity on both the watermelon and cantaloupe fruits than ones grown in the autumn-winter season. It could be explained by the effect of crop seasons on the growth of fruits and accumulation of quality attributes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41605154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-03DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11159
R. Singh, S. A. H. Hussainy, R. Geetha, B. Saliha
In recent years, paddy drum seeders have become the tool of choice for rice farmers to deal with the seasonal labour shortage that occurs with the arrival of monsoon. However, the seed rate can go as high as 100 kg/ha with drum seeders because of issues with excess seed drop and uneven dispersion of seeds. In addition, a suitable seed priming method for rice under drum seeder is to be identified to facilitate seed flow through the slot modifications and enhance germination in the main field. Based on this background, innovations in the drum seeder slot modifications were carried out during 2020-21 and 2021-22 at the Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, India. The initial trial was conducted on the seed priming methods comprised of osmo-priming, vitamin priming (Ascorbate), micro-nutrient and hydro-priming at different concentrations and duration of incubation. The best treatment combinations were taken as sub-plot for the two-year field study along with drum seeder slot modifications as the main plot. The drum seeder slot modifications comprised of round slot (RS), oval slot (OS), round slot with guiding strip (RS+GP), and oval slot with guiding strip (OS+GP). The results revealed that drum seeder slots either OS+GP (or) RS+GP since on par successfully reduced the seed rate as low as 24.1 kg/ha, along higher productive tillers (32.6), and higher grain yield (5050 kg/ha) and straw yield (7618 kg/ha). Secondly, the newer seed priming technique involving multi-nutrient mixture @ 0.5% for 24 h (or) vitamin priming using ascorbic acid @ 10 ppm for 48 h increased the overall yield over the conventional hydro-priming (soaking in water for 24 h). However, research into improved drum seeder and seed priming methods is crucial everywhere, but especially in regulated areas where water release is unpredictable.
{"title":"Optimizing seed metering through drum seeder slot modification in conjugation with seed priming in wet seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"R. Singh, S. A. H. Hussainy, R. Geetha, B. Saliha","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-11159","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, paddy drum seeders have become the tool of choice for rice farmers to deal with the seasonal labour shortage that occurs with the arrival of monsoon. However, the seed rate can go as high as 100 kg/ha with drum seeders because of issues with excess seed drop and uneven dispersion of seeds. In addition, a suitable seed priming method for rice under drum seeder is to be identified to facilitate seed flow through the slot modifications and enhance germination in the main field. Based on this background, innovations in the drum seeder slot modifications were carried out during 2020-21 and 2021-22 at the Department of Agronomy, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, India. The initial trial was conducted on the seed priming methods comprised of osmo-priming, vitamin priming (Ascorbate), micro-nutrient and hydro-priming at different concentrations and duration of incubation. The best treatment combinations were taken as sub-plot for the two-year field study along with drum seeder slot modifications as the main plot. The drum seeder slot modifications comprised of round slot (RS), oval slot (OS), round slot with guiding strip (RS+GP), and oval slot with guiding strip (OS+GP). The results revealed that drum seeder slots either OS+GP (or) RS+GP since on par successfully reduced the seed rate as low as 24.1 kg/ha, along higher productive tillers (32.6), and higher grain yield (5050 kg/ha) and straw yield (7618 kg/ha). Secondly, the newer seed priming technique involving multi-nutrient mixture @ 0.5% for 24 h (or) vitamin priming using ascorbic acid @ 10 ppm for 48 h increased the overall yield over the conventional hydro-priming (soaking in water for 24 h). However, research into improved drum seeder and seed priming methods is crucial everywhere, but especially in regulated areas where water release is unpredictable.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":"360 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41256794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-03DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-886
T. Ivanchenko, I. Igolnikova, E. Shevyakhova
Volgograd region is a large winter wheat production region, where it is sown on more than one million hectares. The issues of increasing the yield of winter wheat grain are relevant. The most effective method for solving this problem is the use of chemical and biological preparations for seed treatment and foliar feeding. Scientific research was carried out in the experimental field of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology RAN from 2019 to 2021 (Russia, Volgograd). The soil is light chestnut, solonetz and heavy loam. Biological and chemical methods of winter wheat Kamyshanka 4 crop protection in cereal fallow rotation in the dry steppe zone of the Lower Volga region were used in the experiment. The aim of the research was to develop biological and chemical methods of plant protection of winter wheat, taking into account the varietal and zonal characteristics to increase the yield and seed quality. The novelty is that for the first time in the conditions of the dry steppe zone of the Lower Volga region in the laboratory of breeding, seed production and nursery production of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology RAN the effectiveness of biological and chemical methods of protection on winter wheat crops was studied and the economic assessment of the studied agronomic methods was given. The investigation of the studied methods of winter wheat protection in rainfed conditions on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region revealed an increase of the crop capacity by 27.5%, an improvement of the phytosanitary state of the crops by 48.1%, an increase of the profitability in the variants with biological protection methods (BSCа-3 2.0 l/ha+potassium humate 1.0 l/t (grain treatment)+BSCа-3 2.0 l/ha (vegetative treatment)) compared to the control variant (b/o). Minimum values of biometric indicators, elements of yield structure and yield were obtained with the use of chemical means of protection.
{"title":"Comparative effect of biological and chemical methods of plant protection of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on diseases and yield in the arid zone of Volgograd region","authors":"T. Ivanchenko, I. Igolnikova, E. Shevyakhova","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-886","url":null,"abstract":"Volgograd region is a large winter wheat production region, where it is sown on more than one million hectares. The issues of increasing the yield of winter wheat grain are relevant. The most effective method for solving this problem is the use of chemical and biological preparations for seed treatment and foliar feeding. Scientific research was carried out in the experimental field of the Federal Research Center of Agroecology RAN from 2019 to 2021 (Russia, Volgograd). The soil is light chestnut, solonetz and heavy loam. Biological and chemical methods of winter wheat Kamyshanka 4 crop protection in cereal fallow rotation in the dry steppe zone of the Lower Volga region were used in the experiment. The aim of the research was to develop biological and chemical methods of plant protection of winter wheat, taking into account the varietal and zonal characteristics to increase the yield and seed quality. The novelty is that for the first time in the conditions of the dry steppe zone of the Lower Volga region in the laboratory of breeding, seed production and nursery production of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology RAN the effectiveness of biological and chemical methods of protection on winter wheat crops was studied and the economic assessment of the studied agronomic methods was given. The investigation of the studied methods of winter wheat protection in rainfed conditions on light chestnut soils of the Lower Volga region revealed an increase of the crop capacity by 27.5%, an improvement of the phytosanitary state of the crops by 48.1%, an increase of the profitability in the variants with biological protection methods (BSCа-3 2.0 l/ha+potassium humate 1.0 l/t (grain treatment)+BSCа-3 2.0 l/ha (vegetative treatment)) compared to the control variant (b/o). Minimum values of biometric indicators, elements of yield structure and yield were obtained with the use of chemical means of protection.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48777266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-03DOI: 10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-880
Jagmohan Singh, G. S. Aulakh, Sarabjit Singh
Poor seed germination affects growth and yield of crop under late sown conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted to study the effect of seed priming on growth and yield of late sown wheat at student's Research Farm, Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Amritsar, India during rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22. The experiment was set up in a randomised block design which included 10 treatments and three replications. Late sown variety PBW 752 of wheat was used during experiment. The results showed that using different treatments of seed priming had no significant effect on parameters i.e. test weight, harvest index and protein content but other parameters like plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, number of tillers, number of effective tillers, spikelets per spike, grains per ear, biological yield, grain yield and straw yield were significantly affected by seed priming. In the treatment of seed priming with potassium nitrate @ 10,000 ppm recorded highest grain yield (34.9 q/ha), biological yield (87.67 q/ha), effective tillers per metre row (50.30), spike length (9.50 cm) and number of grains per spike (38.20). The results of this study allowed us to draw the conclusion that wheat grain production can be improved by seed priming under late sown conditions.
{"title":"Effect of seed priming on growth and yield of late sown wheat (Triticum aestivum) in central plain region of Punjab","authors":"Jagmohan Singh, G. S. Aulakh, Sarabjit Singh","doi":"10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31830/2348-7542.2023.roc-880","url":null,"abstract":"Poor seed germination affects growth and yield of crop under late sown conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted to study the effect of seed priming on growth and yield of late sown wheat at student's Research Farm, Department of Agriculture, Khalsa College, Amritsar, India during rabi 2020-21 and 2021-22. The experiment was set up in a randomised block design which included 10 treatments and three replications. Late sown variety PBW 752 of wheat was used during experiment. The results showed that using different treatments of seed priming had no significant effect on parameters i.e. test weight, harvest index and protein content but other parameters like plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, number of tillers, number of effective tillers, spikelets per spike, grains per ear, biological yield, grain yield and straw yield were significantly affected by seed priming. In the treatment of seed priming with potassium nitrate @ 10,000 ppm recorded highest grain yield (34.9 q/ha), biological yield (87.67 q/ha), effective tillers per metre row (50.30), spike length (9.50 cm) and number of grains per spike (38.20). The results of this study allowed us to draw the conclusion that wheat grain production can be improved by seed priming under late sown conditions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":21022,"journal":{"name":"Research on Crops","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45669775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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