Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac73a0
Sanjay Moudgalya, B. Bernevig, N. Regnault
The discovery of quantum many-body scars (QMBS) both in Rydberg atom simulators and in the Affleck–Kennedy–Lieb–Tasaki spin-1 chain model, have shown that a weak violation of ergodicity can still lead to rich experimental and theoretical physics. In this review, we provide a pedagogical introduction to and an overview of the exact results on weak ergodicity breaking via QMBS in isolated quantum systems with the help of simple examples such as the fermionic Hubbard model. We also discuss various mechanisms and unifying formalisms that have been proposed to encompass the plethora of systems exhibiting QMBS. We cover examples of equally-spaced towers that lead to exact revivals for particular initial states, as well as isolated examples of QMBS. Finally, we review Hilbert space fragmentation, a related phenomenon where systems exhibit a richer variety of ergodic and non-ergodic behaviors, and discuss its connections to QMBS.
{"title":"Quantum many-body scars and Hilbert space fragmentation: a review of exact results","authors":"Sanjay Moudgalya, B. Bernevig, N. Regnault","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ac73a0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ac73a0","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of quantum many-body scars (QMBS) both in Rydberg atom simulators and in the Affleck–Kennedy–Lieb–Tasaki spin-1 chain model, have shown that a weak violation of ergodicity can still lead to rich experimental and theoretical physics. In this review, we provide a pedagogical introduction to and an overview of the exact results on weak ergodicity breaking via QMBS in isolated quantum systems with the help of simple examples such as the fermionic Hubbard model. We also discuss various mechanisms and unifying formalisms that have been proposed to encompass the plethora of systems exhibiting QMBS. We cover examples of equally-spaced towers that lead to exact revivals for particular initial states, as well as isolated examples of QMBS. Finally, we review Hilbert space fragmentation, a related phenomenon where systems exhibit a richer variety of ergodic and non-ergodic behaviors, and discuss its connections to QMBS.","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75115508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-20DOI: 10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2021.04.001
Wang Yi-peng, Guo Shu-qing, Bao Xiao-jun, Deng Jun-gang, Zhang Hong-fei
{"title":"Study of the Synthesis of Super Heavy Nuclei Based on Dinuclear System","authors":"Wang Yi-peng, Guo Shu-qing, Bao Xiao-jun, Deng Jun-gang, Zhang Hong-fei","doi":"10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2021.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2021.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"277 1","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79600520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-27DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac5a60
Y. Nomura, R. Arita
The recent discovery of the superconductivity in the doped infinite layer nickelates RNiO2 (R = La, Pr, Nd) is of great interest since the nickelates are isostructural to doped (Ca, Sr)CuO2 having superconducting transition temperature (T c) of about 110 K. Verifying the commonalities and differences between these oxides will certainly give a new insight into the mechanism of high T c superconductivity in correlated electron systems. In this paper, we review experimental and theoretical works on this new superconductor and discuss the future perspectives for the ‘nickel age’ of superconductivity.
{"title":"Superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates","authors":"Y. Nomura, R. Arita","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ac5a60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ac5a60","url":null,"abstract":"The recent discovery of the superconductivity in the doped infinite layer nickelates RNiO2 (R = La, Pr, Nd) is of great interest since the nickelates are isostructural to doped (Ca, Sr)CuO2 having superconducting transition temperature (T c) of about 110 K. Verifying the commonalities and differences between these oxides will certainly give a new insight into the mechanism of high T c superconductivity in correlated electron systems. In this paper, we review experimental and theoretical works on this new superconductor and discuss the future perspectives for the ‘nickel age’ of superconductivity.","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73135204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-25DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac6f0e
C. Carmeli, Teiko Heinosaari, A. Toigo
Quantum guessing games form a versatile framework for studying different tasks of information processing. A quantum guessing game with posterior information uses quantum systems to encode messages and classical communication to give partial information after a quantum measurement has been performed. We present a general framework for quantum guessing games with posterior information and derive structure and reduction theorems that enable to analyze any such game. We formalize symmetry of guessing games and characterize the optimal measurements in cases where the symmetry is related to an irreducible representation. The application of guessing games to incompatibility detection is reviewed and clarified. All the presented main concepts and results are demonstrated with examples.
{"title":"Quantum guessing games with posterior information","authors":"C. Carmeli, Teiko Heinosaari, A. Toigo","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ac6f0e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ac6f0e","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum guessing games form a versatile framework for studying different tasks of information processing. A quantum guessing game with posterior information uses quantum systems to encode messages and classical communication to give partial information after a quantum measurement has been performed. We present a general framework for quantum guessing games with posterior information and derive structure and reduction theorems that enable to analyze any such game. We formalize symmetry of guessing games and characterize the optimal measurements in cases where the symmetry is related to an irreducible representation. The application of guessing games to incompatibility detection is reviewed and clarified. All the presented main concepts and results are demonstrated with examples.","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89387062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-20DOI: 10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2021.03.001
He Jia-Dian, Ding Yi-Fan, Teng Bo-Lun, D. Peng, L. Yi-Fei, Zhang Yi-wen, Wu Yue-Shen, Wang Jing-Hui, Zhou Xiang, Wang Zhi, Li Jun
{"title":"Proximity effect in topological insulator/superconductor heterostructure","authors":"He Jia-Dian, Ding Yi-Fan, Teng Bo-Lun, D. Peng, L. Yi-Fei, Zhang Yi-wen, Wu Yue-Shen, Wang Jing-Hui, Zhou Xiang, Wang Zhi, Li Jun","doi":"10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2021.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2021.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85965272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac723c
Matthias M. Müller, R. Said, F. Jelezko, T. Calarco, S. Montangero
The chopped random basis (CRAB) ansatz for quantum optimal control has been proven to be a versatile tool to enable quantum technology applications such as quantum computing, quantum simulation, quantum sensing, and quantum communication. Its capability to encompass experimental constraints—while maintaining an access to the usually trap-free control landscape—and to switch from open-loop to closed-loop optimization (including with remote access—or RedCRAB) is contributing to the development of quantum technology on many different physical platforms. In this review article we present the development, the theoretical basis and the toolbox for this optimization algorithm, as well as an overview of the broad range of different theoretical and experimental applications that exploit this powerful technique.
{"title":"One decade of quantum optimal control in the chopped random basis","authors":"Matthias M. Müller, R. Said, F. Jelezko, T. Calarco, S. Montangero","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ac723c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ac723c","url":null,"abstract":"The chopped random basis (CRAB) ansatz for quantum optimal control has been proven to be a versatile tool to enable quantum technology applications such as quantum computing, quantum simulation, quantum sensing, and quantum communication. Its capability to encompass experimental constraints—while maintaining an access to the usually trap-free control landscape—and to switch from open-loop to closed-loop optimization (including with remote access—or RedCRAB) is contributing to the development of quantum technology on many different physical platforms. In this review article we present the development, the theoretical basis and the toolbox for this optimization algorithm, as well as an overview of the broad range of different theoretical and experimental applications that exploit this powerful technique.","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77871286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac6678
Hind Al Ali, N. Arkani-Hamed, Ian Banta, Sean Benevedes, D. Buttazzo, Tianji Cai, Junyi Cheng, T. Cohen, N. Craig, Majid Ekhterachian, JiJi Fan, M. Forslund, I. G. Garcia, S. Homiller, S. Koren, G. Koszegi, Zhen Liu, Qianshu Lu, K. Lyu, Alberto Mariotti, Amara McCune, P. Meade, I. Ojalvo, Umut Oktem, D. Redigolo, M. Reece, F. Sala, R. Sundrum, Dave Sutherland, A. Tesi, Timothy D Trott, C. Tully, Lian-tao Wang, Menghang Wang
We lay out a comprehensive physics case for a future high-energy muon collider, exploring a range of collision energies (from 1 to 100 TeV) and luminosities. We highlight the advantages of such a collider over proposed alternatives. We show how one can leverage both the point-like nature of the muons themselves as well as the cloud of electroweak radiation that surrounds the beam to blur the dichotomy between energy and precision in the search for new physics. The physics case is buttressed by a range of studies with applications to electroweak symmetry breaking, dark matter, and the naturalness of the weak scale. Furthermore, we make sharp connections with complementary experiments that are probing new physics effects using electric dipole moments, flavor violation, and gravitational waves. An extensive appendix provides cross section predictions as a function of the center-of-mass energy for many canonical simplified models.
{"title":"The muon Smasher’s guide","authors":"Hind Al Ali, N. Arkani-Hamed, Ian Banta, Sean Benevedes, D. Buttazzo, Tianji Cai, Junyi Cheng, T. Cohen, N. Craig, Majid Ekhterachian, JiJi Fan, M. Forslund, I. G. Garcia, S. Homiller, S. Koren, G. Koszegi, Zhen Liu, Qianshu Lu, K. Lyu, Alberto Mariotti, Amara McCune, P. Meade, I. Ojalvo, Umut Oktem, D. Redigolo, M. Reece, F. Sala, R. Sundrum, Dave Sutherland, A. Tesi, Timothy D Trott, C. Tully, Lian-tao Wang, Menghang Wang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ac6678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ac6678","url":null,"abstract":"We lay out a comprehensive physics case for a future high-energy muon collider, exploring a range of collision energies (from 1 to 100 TeV) and luminosities. We highlight the advantages of such a collider over proposed alternatives. We show how one can leverage both the point-like nature of the muons themselves as well as the cloud of electroweak radiation that surrounds the beam to blur the dichotomy between energy and precision in the search for new physics. The physics case is buttressed by a range of studies with applications to electroweak symmetry breaking, dark matter, and the naturalness of the weak scale. Furthermore, we make sharp connections with complementary experiments that are probing new physics effects using electric dipole moments, flavor violation, and gravitational waves. An extensive appendix provides cross section predictions as a function of the center-of-mass energy for many canonical simplified models.","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75323720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2020.06.003
Liu Rong-hua, Li Li-yuan, Chen Li-na, Zhou Kai-yuan, Du You-wei
{"title":"Nonlinear Dynamics and Applications of Spin Hall Nano-Oscillators","authors":"Liu Rong-hua, Li Li-yuan, Chen Li-na, Zhou Kai-yuan, Du You-wei","doi":"10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2020.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2020.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"7 3 1","pages":"189"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74220468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-20DOI: 10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2020.06.002
Wang Yao-Lai, Zhao Di-Fan, Tang Qian-Yuan
{"title":"A Method for Calculating the Time Required for DNA Looping","authors":"Wang Yao-Lai, Zhao Di-Fan, Tang Qian-Yuan","doi":"10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2020.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13725/J.CNKI.PIP.2020.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"136 1","pages":"188"},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79662719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-17DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac60ac
Shehu S. Abdussalam, F. Agocs, B. Allanach, P. Athron, Csaba Bal'azs, E. Bagnaschi, P. Bechtle, O. Buchmueller, A. Beniwal, J. Bhom, Sanjay Bloor, T. Bringmann, Andy Buckley, A. Butter, J. E. Camargo-Molina, M. Chrzaszcz, Janice Conrad, Jonathan M. Cornell, M. Danninger, J. Blas, A. Roeck, K. Desch, M. Dolan, H. Dreiner, O. Eberhardt, J. Ellis, Ben Farmer, M. Fedele, H. Flacher, A. Fowlie, T. Gonzalo, Philip Grace, M. Hamer, Will Handley, J. Harz, S. Heinemeyer, S. Hoof, Selim Hotinli, Paul Jackson, F. Kahlhoefer, K. Kowalska, M. Kramer, A. Kvellestad, Miriam Lucio Martínez, F. Mahmoudi, D. M. Santos, G. Martinez, S. Mishima, K. Olive, A. Paul, M. Prim, W. Porod, A. Raklev, Janina J. Renk, C. Rogan, L. Roszkowski, R. R. Austri, Kazuki Sakurai, A. Scaffidi, P. Scott, E. M. Sessolo, T. Stefaniak, Patrick Stöcker, W. Su, S. Trojanowski, R. Trotta, Y. S. Tsai, J. V. D. Abeele, M. Valli, A. Vincent, G. Weiglein, Martin White, P. Wienemann, L. Wu, Yang Zhang
Physical theories that depend on many parameters or are tested against data from many different experiments pose unique challenges to statistical inference. Many models in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology fall into one or both of these categories. These issues are often sidestepped with statistically unsound ad hoc methods, involving intersection of parameter intervals estimated by multiple experiments, and random or grid sampling of model parameters. Whilst these methods are easy to apply, they exhibit pathologies even in low-dimensional parameter spaces, and quickly become problematic to use and interpret in higher dimensions. In this article we give clear guidance for going beyond these procedures, suggesting where possible simple methods for performing statistically sound inference, and recommendations of readily-available software tools and standards that can assist in doing so. Our aim is to provide any physicists lacking comprehensive statistical training with recommendations for reaching correct scientific conclusions, with only a modest increase in analysis burden. Our examples can be reproduced with the code publicly available at Zenodo.
{"title":"Simple and statistically sound recommendations for analysing physical theories","authors":"Shehu S. Abdussalam, F. Agocs, B. Allanach, P. Athron, Csaba Bal'azs, E. Bagnaschi, P. Bechtle, O. Buchmueller, A. Beniwal, J. Bhom, Sanjay Bloor, T. Bringmann, Andy Buckley, A. Butter, J. E. Camargo-Molina, M. Chrzaszcz, Janice Conrad, Jonathan M. Cornell, M. Danninger, J. Blas, A. Roeck, K. Desch, M. Dolan, H. Dreiner, O. Eberhardt, J. Ellis, Ben Farmer, M. Fedele, H. Flacher, A. Fowlie, T. Gonzalo, Philip Grace, M. Hamer, Will Handley, J. Harz, S. Heinemeyer, S. Hoof, Selim Hotinli, Paul Jackson, F. Kahlhoefer, K. Kowalska, M. Kramer, A. Kvellestad, Miriam Lucio Martínez, F. Mahmoudi, D. M. Santos, G. Martinez, S. Mishima, K. Olive, A. Paul, M. Prim, W. Porod, A. Raklev, Janina J. Renk, C. Rogan, L. Roszkowski, R. R. Austri, Kazuki Sakurai, A. Scaffidi, P. Scott, E. M. Sessolo, T. Stefaniak, Patrick Stöcker, W. Su, S. Trojanowski, R. Trotta, Y. S. Tsai, J. V. D. Abeele, M. Valli, A. Vincent, G. Weiglein, Martin White, P. Wienemann, L. Wu, Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ac60ac","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ac60ac","url":null,"abstract":"Physical theories that depend on many parameters or are tested against data from many different experiments pose unique challenges to statistical inference. Many models in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology fall into one or both of these categories. These issues are often sidestepped with statistically unsound ad hoc methods, involving intersection of parameter intervals estimated by multiple experiments, and random or grid sampling of model parameters. Whilst these methods are easy to apply, they exhibit pathologies even in low-dimensional parameter spaces, and quickly become problematic to use and interpret in higher dimensions. In this article we give clear guidance for going beyond these procedures, suggesting where possible simple methods for performing statistically sound inference, and recommendations of readily-available software tools and standards that can assist in doing so. Our aim is to provide any physicists lacking comprehensive statistical training with recommendations for reaching correct scientific conclusions, with only a modest increase in analysis burden. Our examples can be reproduced with the code publicly available at Zenodo.","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90316035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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