Ghazala Iram, Ateeq-Ur-Rehman, Muhammad Adnan Iqbal, A. Zafar, Adnan Majeed, Sofia Hayat, Maubashera Nawaz
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials characterized by their porous structures, formed through coordination bonding between metal ions/clusters and multidentate organic linkers. MOFs have emerged as a significant class of materials with applications in energy storage, CO2 adsorption, and catalysis. This study serves as a brief introduction to the currently available synthesis methods of MOFs, aimed at acquainting beginners in the field of chemical engineering with the ongoing developments in MOF research. The discussed synthesis methods encompass traditional solvothermal/hydrothermal approaches, microwave synthesis of MOFs, one-pot synthesis, MOF nanocomposites, isothermal synthesis, and fluid-fluid synthesis. Notably, the MOF/NH2/Fe3O4 combination exhibited enhanced adsorption capacity of 618 mg/g and retained an efficiency of over 90 %. This study displays a valuable technique for designing functional MOF hybrid composites. By combining MOFs with specific materials, numerous advantages can be achieved in the newly created compounds (MOF composites), including synergistic effects beneficial in catalytic applications, and overcoming the challenges associated with using bare MOFs.
{"title":"Advanced synthetic routes of metal organic frameworks and their diverse applications","authors":"Ghazala Iram, Ateeq-Ur-Rehman, Muhammad Adnan Iqbal, A. Zafar, Adnan Majeed, Sofia Hayat, Maubashera Nawaz","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline materials characterized by their porous structures, formed through coordination bonding between metal ions/clusters and multidentate organic linkers. MOFs have emerged as a significant class of materials with applications in energy storage, CO2 adsorption, and catalysis. This study serves as a brief introduction to the currently available synthesis methods of MOFs, aimed at acquainting beginners in the field of chemical engineering with the ongoing developments in MOF research. The discussed synthesis methods encompass traditional solvothermal/hydrothermal approaches, microwave synthesis of MOFs, one-pot synthesis, MOF nanocomposites, isothermal synthesis, and fluid-fluid synthesis. Notably, the MOF/NH2/Fe3O4 combination exhibited enhanced adsorption capacity of 618 mg/g and retained an efficiency of over 90 %. This study displays a valuable technique for designing functional MOF hybrid composites. By combining MOFs with specific materials, numerous advantages can be achieved in the newly created compounds (MOF composites), including synergistic effects beneficial in catalytic applications, and overcoming the challenges associated with using bare MOFs.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The controlled synthesis of precise carbon nanostructures with high electron conductivity, high reaction activity, and structural stability plays a significant role in practical applications yet largely unmet. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and coordination polymers (CPs) as crystalline porous materials (CPMs) have shown extraordinary porosity, tremendous structural diversity, and highly ordered pores, offering a platform for precise controlled carbon materials (CMs) with regular porous structures and high performances. Some recent studies have shown that CMs derived from CPMs with high specific surface area, superior chemical stability, excellent electrical conductivity offer a great opportunity for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. In this review, we summarize recent milestones of CPMs derived CMs in the field of capacitive energy storage. We hope the more precise design and control at the atomic level of CPMs could provide us a constructive view of the structure-activity relationship between CMs and electrochemical capacitors, as well as future trends and prospects.
{"title":"Carbon materials derived by crystalline porous materials for capacitive energy storage","authors":"Hang Wang, Yiting Li, Longyu Wang, Jieting Jin","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0039","url":null,"abstract":"The controlled synthesis of precise carbon nanostructures with high electron conductivity, high reaction activity, and structural stability plays a significant role in practical applications yet largely unmet. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and coordination polymers (CPs) as crystalline porous materials (CPMs) have shown extraordinary porosity, tremendous structural diversity, and highly ordered pores, offering a platform for precise controlled carbon materials (CMs) with regular porous structures and high performances. Some recent studies have shown that CMs derived from CPMs with high specific surface area, superior chemical stability, excellent electrical conductivity offer a great opportunity for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. In this review, we summarize recent milestones of CPMs derived CMs in the field of capacitive energy storage. We hope the more precise design and control at the atomic level of CPMs could provide us a constructive view of the structure-activity relationship between CMs and electrochemical capacitors, as well as future trends and prospects.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khalida Naseem, Asad Aziz, Mohammad Ehtisham Khan, Shahzaib Ali, Awais Khalid
This review article covers the biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) having definite shape and size while using extract obtained from different biological sources such as bacteria, fungi, algae and plants. These biological materials are composed of chloroplast, thylakoid, different types of enzymes extracted from different biogenic sources, different phytochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, and citric acid having functional groups such as sulfate, carboxyl, amino, amide and hydroxyl groups. These functional groups and enzymes act as efficient reductants to convert metal ions into metal atoms and alternatively metal atoms combine to form MNPs while long hydrocarbon chains present in these bio-macromolecules act as cage to stabilize them for prolong time. Effect of nature of source extract, different reaction conditions such as extract amount, salt amount and solvent used during MNPs preparation process have been critically discussed here in detail. Use of synthesized bioinorganic NPs in various areas including their effectiveness in fighting against bacteria, viruses, fungi, cancer, inflammation, and their potential role in catalytic reduction of environmental harmful substances into friendly products has also been described in a clear and concise manner along with their future consideration.
{"title":"Bioinorganic metal nanoparticles and their potential applications as antimicrobial, antioxidant and catalytic agents: a review","authors":"Khalida Naseem, Asad Aziz, Mohammad Ehtisham Khan, Shahzaib Ali, Awais Khalid","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0040","url":null,"abstract":"This review article covers the biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) having definite shape and size while using extract obtained from different biological sources such as bacteria, fungi, algae and plants. These biological materials are composed of chloroplast, thylakoid, different types of enzymes extracted from different biogenic sources, different phytochemicals such as phenols, flavonoids, and citric acid having functional groups such as sulfate, carboxyl, amino, amide and hydroxyl groups. These functional groups and enzymes act as efficient reductants to convert metal ions into metal atoms and alternatively metal atoms combine to form MNPs while long hydrocarbon chains present in these bio-macromolecules act as cage to stabilize them for prolong time. Effect of nature of source extract, different reaction conditions such as extract amount, salt amount and solvent used during MNPs preparation process have been critically discussed here in detail. Use of synthesized bioinorganic NPs in various areas including their effectiveness in fighting against bacteria, viruses, fungi, cancer, inflammation, and their potential role in catalytic reduction of environmental harmful substances into friendly products has also been described in a clear and concise manner along with their future consideration.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cisplatin coined a term Metallodrug and later a tradition of Metallodrugs was established. Later, severe renal and metabolic toxicities of the platinum based drugs prompted the medicinal chemists to develop new and novel metallotherapeutics with different metal cores. Henceforth, chemists designed the metal complexes based on copper, cobalt, vanadium iron and zinc. These complexes were reported for their antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic and enzyme inhibitors. Later, chemists also focused on lanthanide metal ions and resulted in the design of metal complexes for the application of bio imaging cellular studies as well as chemotherapeutic agents. This review throws a light on the recent advances in the development of the samarium complexes as efficient and versatile biological agents. Samarium complexes based on various ligand systems and ancillary ligands have been mentioned in this review stating their biological efficacy and potency against variable cancer cell lines, their DNA interactive behaviour.
顺铂（Cisplatin）创造了 "金属药物"（Metallodrug）这一术语，随后金属药物的传统便建立起来。后来，铂类药物严重的肾毒性和代谢毒性促使药物化学家们开发出具有不同金属内核的新型金属治疗药物。因此，化学家们设计出了基于铜、钴、钒铁和锌的金属复合物。据报道，这些配合物具有抗菌、抗癌、抗糖尿病和酶抑制作用。后来，化学家们又把目光投向了镧系金属离子，并设计出了用于生物成像细胞研究和化疗药物的金属复合物。本综述介绍了钐配合物作为高效、多用途生物制剂的最新进展。本综述提到了基于各种配体系统和辅助配体的钐配合物，并说明了它们对不同癌细胞系的生物功效和效力，以及它们的 DNA 交互作用行为。
{"title":"Applications of samarium complexes as cytotoxic, bioimaging and DNA interacting agents: a comprehensive review","authors":"Poonam R. Inamdar, Shashikant Bhandari, Mrunalini Kulkarni, Neeta Rai, Anuja Kolsure","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Cisplatin coined a term Metallodrug and later a tradition of Metallodrugs was established. Later, severe renal and metabolic toxicities of the platinum based drugs prompted the medicinal chemists to develop new and novel metallotherapeutics with different metal cores. Henceforth, chemists designed the metal complexes based on copper, cobalt, vanadium iron and zinc. These complexes were reported for their antibacterial, anticancer, antidiabetic and enzyme inhibitors. Later, chemists also focused on lanthanide metal ions and resulted in the design of metal complexes for the application of bio imaging cellular studies as well as chemotherapeutic agents. This review throws a light on the recent advances in the development of the samarium complexes as efficient and versatile biological agents. Samarium complexes based on various ligand systems and ancillary ligands have been mentioned in this review stating their biological efficacy and potency against variable cancer cell lines, their DNA interactive behaviour.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140074978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahab Khan, Ishfaq Ullah, Mudassir Ur Rahman, Hamayun Khan, Abdul Bari Shah, Raed H. Althomali, Mohammed M. Rahman
This review covers the basics of, inorganic-polymer composite electrolyte materials that combine inorganic components with polymer matrices to enhance the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of the electrolyte. These composite electrolytes are commonly employed in solid-state batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, and other electrochemical devices. The incorporation of inorganic components, such as ceramic nanoparticles or metal oxides, into a polymer matrix provides several advantages. The inorganic components can improve the overall ionic conductivity by providing pathways for ion transport, reducing the tortuosity of the polymer matrix, and facilitating ion hopping between polymer chains. Additionally, inorganic materials often exhibit higher thermal and chemical stability compared to pure polymers, which can enhance the safety and durability of composite electrolytes. Polymer matrices used in inorganic-polymer composite electrolytes can vary, but common choices include polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide (PEO/PPO) blends. These polymers offer good mechanical flexibility and processability, allowing for the fabrication of thin films or membranes. The fabrication methods for inorganic-polymer composite electrolytes depend on the specific application and desired properties. Common approaches include solution casting, in situ polymerization, melt blending, and electrospinning. During the fabrication process, the inorganic components are typically dispersed or mixed with the polymer matrix, and the resulting composite is processed into the desired form, such as films, membranes, or coatings. The performance of inorganic-polymer composite electrolytes is evaluated based on their ionic conductivity, mechanical strength, electrochemical stability, and compatibility with the electrode materials. Researchers continue to explore various combinations of inorganic and polymer components, as well as optimization strategies, to further improve the overall performance of these composite electrolytes for advanced energy storage and conversion applications.
{"title":"Inorganic-polymer composite electrolytes: basics, fabrications, challenges and future perspectives","authors":"Shahab Khan, Ishfaq Ullah, Mudassir Ur Rahman, Hamayun Khan, Abdul Bari Shah, Raed H. Althomali, Mohammed M. Rahman","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0030","url":null,"abstract":"This review covers the basics of, inorganic-polymer composite electrolyte materials that combine inorganic components with polymer matrices to enhance the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of the electrolyte. These composite electrolytes are commonly employed in solid-state batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, and other electrochemical devices. The incorporation of inorganic components, such as ceramic nanoparticles or metal oxides, into a polymer matrix provides several advantages. The inorganic components can improve the overall ionic conductivity by providing pathways for ion transport, reducing the tortuosity of the polymer matrix, and facilitating ion hopping between polymer chains. Additionally, inorganic materials often exhibit higher thermal and chemical stability compared to pure polymers, which can enhance the safety and durability of composite electrolytes. Polymer matrices used in inorganic-polymer composite electrolytes can vary, but common choices include polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide (PEO/PPO) blends. These polymers offer good mechanical flexibility and processability, allowing for the fabrication of thin films or membranes. The fabrication methods for inorganic-polymer composite electrolytes depend on the specific application and desired properties. Common approaches include solution casting, <jats:italic>in situ</jats:italic> polymerization, melt blending, and electrospinning. During the fabrication process, the inorganic components are typically dispersed or mixed with the polymer matrix, and the resulting composite is processed into the desired form, such as films, membranes, or coatings. The performance of inorganic-polymer composite electrolytes is evaluated based on their ionic conductivity, mechanical strength, electrochemical stability, and compatibility with the electrode materials. Researchers continue to explore various combinations of inorganic and polymer components, as well as optimization strategies, to further improve the overall performance of these composite electrolytes for advanced energy storage and conversion applications.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139909777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rimsha Kanwal, Riyadh R. Al-Araji, Ahmad H. Ibrahim, Muhammad Adnan Iqbal, Shamsa Bibi, Adina Zafar, Muhammad Yaseen, Umar Sohail Shoukat, Faisal Jamil
In the last few decades, photochemistry has great influence on all type of synthetic processes. While photochemical synthesis is emerging field in inorganic chemistry as it impart various magnificent properties to materials that are used for synthesis of nano-sized materials to giant supramolecular structures. There are many photochemical based synthetic approaches like electron, atom, energy transfer depending upon the need of product where one can switch the pathway. A variety of inorganic compounds have been synthesized like dienes, nitrides, indoles, gold nano-particles and supramolecular structures using photochemical route. Photochemical synthesis has various applications like artificial photosynthesis and fluorophores.
{"title":"Photochemical synthesis in inorganic chemistry","authors":"Rimsha Kanwal, Riyadh R. Al-Araji, Ahmad H. Ibrahim, Muhammad Adnan Iqbal, Shamsa Bibi, Adina Zafar, Muhammad Yaseen, Umar Sohail Shoukat, Faisal Jamil","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0023","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few decades, photochemistry has great influence on all type of synthetic processes. While photochemical synthesis is emerging field in inorganic chemistry as it impart various magnificent properties to materials that are used for synthesis of nano-sized materials to giant supramolecular structures. There are many photochemical based synthetic approaches like electron, atom, energy transfer depending upon the need of product where one can switch the pathway. A variety of inorganic compounds have been synthesized like dienes, nitrides, indoles, gold nano-particles and supramolecular structures using photochemical route. Photochemical synthesis has various applications like artificial photosynthesis and fluorophores.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139769472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Talib Hussain Banglani, Imamdin Chandio, Meher-Un-Nisa Khilji, Aliya Ibrar, Ayaz Ali Memon, Ayaz Ali, Bader S. Al-Anzi, Khalid Hussain Thebo
Exposure to toxic gases resulting from rapid industrialization poses significant health risks living organisms including human. Consequently, researchers in this modern scientific era have shown keen interest in the selective detection of these toxic gases. The development of fast, economical, selective, and highly sensitive gas sensors has become a crucial pursuit to accurately detect toxic gases and mitigate their adverse effects on the natural environment. Graphene-based nanocomposites have emerged as promising candidates for selectively detecting toxic gases due to their extensive surface area. This review paper provides a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in graphene-based gas sensors. The paper also offers an overview of various synthetic strategies for graphene and its hybrid architectures. Additionally, it delves into the detailed sensing applications of these materials. Challenges and limitations in this field have been critically evaluated and highlighted, along with potential future solutions.
{"title":"Graphene-based nanocomposites for gas sensors: challenges and opportunities","authors":"Talib Hussain Banglani, Imamdin Chandio, Meher-Un-Nisa Khilji, Aliya Ibrar, Ayaz Ali Memon, Ayaz Ali, Bader S. Al-Anzi, Khalid Hussain Thebo","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to toxic gases resulting from rapid industrialization poses significant health risks living organisms including human. Consequently, researchers in this modern scientific era have shown keen interest in the selective detection of these toxic gases. The development of fast, economical, selective, and highly sensitive gas sensors has become a crucial pursuit to accurately detect toxic gases and mitigate their adverse effects on the natural environment. Graphene-based nanocomposites have emerged as promising candidates for selectively detecting toxic gases due to their extensive surface area. This review paper provides a comprehensive summary of recent advancements in graphene-based gas sensors. The paper also offers an overview of various synthetic strategies for graphene and its hybrid architectures. Additionally, it delves into the detailed sensing applications of these materials. Challenges and limitations in this field have been critically evaluated and highlighted, along with potential future solutions.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139769473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A protonated form of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (HBpe+), produced through proton transfer or pH adjustments, plays a significant role in forming unique supramolecular structures. In contrast, non-protonated forms of the molecule (Bpe) are extensively studied in metal-organic complexes. In this review, we examine the fascinating world of HBpe+ as a monodentate ligand in the realm of coordination chemistry. It discusses how protonated ligands influence the assembly of supramolecular structures, as well as their properties and functions. Structures such as 1:1 adduct, coordination polymers, and metal clusters are often formed as a result. In these assemblies, HBpe+ engages in a variety of interactions that influence its supramolecular behavior. The interactions include coordination complexes with metal ions, hydrogen bonds, aromatic ring stacking, and double bond stacking (π⋯π stacking). The flexibility and conformation of the ligand have a significant impact on the overall structure and stability of complexes. It opens the door to developing functional materials by unraveling the unique attributes and role of HBpe+ in supramolecular assembly. With these insights, it is possible to explore the functional properties of HBpe+ through controlled assembly processes in order to create innovative and functional materials.
{"title":"Unveiling the multifaceted roles of protonated 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (HBpe+) ligand in metal-driven supramolecular assembly: a comprehensive structural review","authors":"Debabrata Singha, Pritha Datta, Sasthi Charan Halder, Atish Dipankar Jana, Nilasish Pal","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0025","url":null,"abstract":"A protonated form of 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (HBpe<jats:sup>+</jats:sup>), produced through proton transfer or pH adjustments, plays a significant role in forming unique supramolecular structures. In contrast, non-protonated forms of the molecule (Bpe) are extensively studied in metal-organic complexes. In this review, we examine the fascinating world of HBpe<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> as a monodentate ligand in the realm of coordination chemistry. It discusses how protonated ligands influence the assembly of supramolecular structures, as well as their properties and functions. Structures such as 1:1 adduct, coordination polymers, and metal clusters are often formed as a result. In these assemblies, HBpe<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> engages in a variety of interactions that influence its supramolecular behavior. The interactions include coordination complexes with metal ions, hydrogen bonds, aromatic ring stacking, and double bond stacking (<jats:italic>π</jats:italic>⋯<jats:italic>π</jats:italic> stacking). The flexibility and conformation of the ligand have a significant impact on the overall structure and stability of complexes. It opens the door to developing functional materials by unraveling the unique attributes and role of HBpe<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> in supramolecular assembly. With these insights, it is possible to explore the functional properties of HBpe<jats:sup>+</jats:sup> through controlled assembly processes in order to create innovative and functional materials.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139769592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milan Melník, Dominika Žigrayová, Veronika Mikušová, Peter Mikuš
This review covers 17 Pt(II) complexes of the compositions: Pt(ƞ3-N1C1N2)(PL), Pt(ƞ3-S1C1S2)(PL), Pt(ƞ3-S1B1S2)(PL), Pt(ƞ3-S1S2O1)(PL), Pt(ƞ3-O1N1C1)(PL), Pt(ƞ3-O1N1S1)(PL) and Pt(ƞ3-C1N1S1)(PL). These complexes crystallized in three crystal classes: monoclinic (8 examples), triclinic (8 examples) and orthorhombic (1 example). The heterotridentate ligands creates 5 + 5-membered metallocyclic rings (most common) and 5 + 6-membered. The heterotridentate ligands with monodentate P ligands build up a distorted square-planar geometry about Pt(II) atoms. The Pt–L and L–Pt–L were analyzed. The τ4 parameter which indicate a degree of distortion growing in the sentence: 0.057 Pt(ƞ3-O1N1S1)(PL) < 0.066 Pt(ƞ3-S1C1S2)(PL) < 0.149 Pt(ƞ3-S1S2O1)(PL) < 0.158 Pt(ƞ3-O1N1C1)(PL) < 0.160 Pt(ƞ3-C1N1S1)(PL) < 0.162 Pt(ƞ3-S1B1S2)(PL) < 0.165 Pt(ƞ3-N1C1N2)(PL).
{"title":"Variable heterotridentate ligands in Pt(ƞ3-X1C1X2)(PL) (X1,2 = N or S), Pt(ƞ3-X1N1Y1)(PL) (X, Y = O, C; C, S; or O, S) and Pt(ƞ3-S1B1S2)(PL), derivatives – structural aspects","authors":"Milan Melník, Dominika Žigrayová, Veronika Mikušová, Peter Mikuš","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"This review covers 17 Pt(II) complexes of the compositions: Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-N<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>C<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>N<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)(PL), Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>C<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)(PL), Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>B<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)(PL), Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>O<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>)(PL), Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-O<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>N<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>C<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>)(PL), Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-O<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>N<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>)(PL) and Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-C<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>N<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>)(PL). These complexes crystallized in three crystal classes: monoclinic (8 examples), triclinic (8 examples) and orthorhombic (1 example). The heterotridentate ligands creates 5 + 5-membered metallocyclic rings (most common) and 5 + 6-membered. The heterotridentate ligands with monodentate P ligands build up a distorted square-planar geometry about Pt(II) atoms. The Pt–L and L–Pt–L were analyzed. The <jats:italic>τ</jats:italic> <jats:sub>4</jats:sub> parameter which indicate a degree of distortion growing in the sentence: 0.057 Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-O<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>N<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>)(PL) < 0.066 Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>C<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)(PL) < 0.149 Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>O<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>)(PL) < 0.158 Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-O<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>N<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>C<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>)(PL) < 0.160 Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-C<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>N<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>)(PL) < 0.162 Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-S<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>B<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>S<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)(PL) < 0.165 Pt(ƞ<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>-N<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>C<jats:sup>1</jats:sup>N<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>)(PL).","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139510187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The research relevance is predefined by the continuous development and improvement of radiation analysis methods and the need for more efficient and accurate detectors for various applications. This research may improve the sensitivity and resolution of Si(Li) detectors, which is important for scientific and industrial research as well as radiation safety monitoring. The research aims to analyse and improve the performance of a Si(Li) lithium-drift silicon detector. The methods used include an analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method and others. The results of the two-sided observation of lithium diffusion in silicon monocrystals provided valuable information about the characteristics of the process and its dependence on the method of silicon production. A large-diameter detector detection mode was found to be important for optimising the production of such detectors. The diffusion process in monocrystalline silicon produced by the shadowless zone melting method is relatively fast. This means that lithium ions penetrate the material rapidly and spread evenly throughout its volume. This fast diffusion process can be useful for detectors that need to respond quickly to incoming signals. It was found that in monocrystalline silicon produced by the Czochralski method, there is a delayed penetration of lithium ions.
{"title":"Investigation and optimisation of a lithium-drift silicon detector using Si–Li structure and bidirectional diffusion and drift techniques","authors":"Jing Zhang, Nursultan Japashov","doi":"10.1515/revic-2023-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revic-2023-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The research relevance is predefined by the continuous development and improvement of radiation analysis methods and the need for more efficient and accurate detectors for various applications. This research may improve the sensitivity and resolution of Si(Li) detectors, which is important for scientific and industrial research as well as radiation safety monitoring. The research aims to analyse and improve the performance of a Si(Li) lithium-drift silicon detector. The methods used include an analytical method, classification method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method and others. The results of the two-sided observation of lithium diffusion in silicon monocrystals provided valuable information about the characteristics of the process and its dependence on the method of silicon production. A large-diameter detector detection mode was found to be important for optimising the production of such detectors. The diffusion process in monocrystalline silicon produced by the shadowless zone melting method is relatively fast. This means that lithium ions penetrate the material rapidly and spread evenly throughout its volume. This fast diffusion process can be useful for detectors that need to respond quickly to incoming signals. It was found that in monocrystalline silicon produced by the Czochralski method, there is a delayed penetration of lithium ions.","PeriodicalId":21162,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139437191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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