Keda Cui,Xinyu Han,Huaijiang He,Chunyu Fan,Lushuang Gao,Chunyu Zhang,Klaus von Gadow,Xiuhai Zhao
The increasing frequency and intensity of drought events in temperate regions threaten forest ecosystem stability. However, the multidimensional stability, including resistance, recovery, and temporal invariability, and its ecological drivers, remain poorly understood. In this study, we integrate trait-based approaches with biomass dynamics reconstructed using tree rings from temperate forests in northeastern China to explore how functional composition and diversity influence multidimensional stability across varying drought regimes. Using 234 drought events, we quantified four dimensions of stability: resistance (capacity to withstand drought), recovery (ability to regain productivity after drought), resilience (return to pre-drought levels), and temporal invariability (long-term stability in productivity). We found significant linear and nonlinear relationships among stability dimensions, demonstrating their interdependencies. Communities dominated by conservative strategies, characterized by higher wood density, exhibited greater resistance and temporal invariability. By contrast, communities dominated by acquisitive strategies, characterized by larger specific leaf area, showed rapid recovery, though the benefits of these strategies decreased with increasing drought intensity. Functional diversity improved resistance during prolonged droughts but hindered recovery, highlighting context-dependent trait effects. This study emphasizes the importance of establishing a comprehensive stability framework that integrates drought characteristics and community traits to predict forest responses to climate extremes.
{"title":"Linking drought characteristics and community functional traits to explain multidimensional forest stability.","authors":"Keda Cui,Xinyu Han,Huaijiang He,Chunyu Fan,Lushuang Gao,Chunyu Zhang,Klaus von Gadow,Xiuhai Zhao","doi":"10.1111/nph.70814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70814","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing frequency and intensity of drought events in temperate regions threaten forest ecosystem stability. However, the multidimensional stability, including resistance, recovery, and temporal invariability, and its ecological drivers, remain poorly understood. In this study, we integrate trait-based approaches with biomass dynamics reconstructed using tree rings from temperate forests in northeastern China to explore how functional composition and diversity influence multidimensional stability across varying drought regimes. Using 234 drought events, we quantified four dimensions of stability: resistance (capacity to withstand drought), recovery (ability to regain productivity after drought), resilience (return to pre-drought levels), and temporal invariability (long-term stability in productivity). We found significant linear and nonlinear relationships among stability dimensions, demonstrating their interdependencies. Communities dominated by conservative strategies, characterized by higher wood density, exhibited greater resistance and temporal invariability. By contrast, communities dominated by acquisitive strategies, characterized by larger specific leaf area, showed rapid recovery, though the benefits of these strategies decreased with increasing drought intensity. Functional diversity improved resistance during prolonged droughts but hindered recovery, highlighting context-dependent trait effects. This study emphasizes the importance of establishing a comprehensive stability framework that integrates drought characteristics and community traits to predict forest responses to climate extremes.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"211 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145696879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In plants, many (bHLH) transcription factors play key roles in processes governing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Whether and how bHLH transcription factors participate in tomato defense against the invasive pest Phthorimaea absoluta remains unclear. We here reveal that the bHLH transcription factor gene SlJIG responds positively to P. absoluta infestation, to methyl jasmonate-treatment and to wounding. Gene editing SlJIG in tomato plants increased susceptibility to P. absoluta larvae and attractiveness to oviposition by P. absoluta females but decreased attractiveness to Nesidiocoris poppiusi, a natural predator of P. absoluta. SlJIG was found to enhance resistance through the transcriptional activation of key enzymes in the α-tomatine (HMGR1 and FPPS1) and flavonoid (CHI1 and FLS) biosynthesis pathway. Gene editing SlJIG decreased biosynthesis of α-tomatine and kaempferol, which are two key defensive metabolites against P. absoluta larvae. It also repressed the transcription of terpene synthesis TPS12, resulting in lower emission of α-humulene, which is correlated with the preference changes of P. absoluta and N. poppiusi. These findings underscore the pivotal role of SlJIG as a regulator of tomato defense against P. absoluta and highlight its potential as a target for molecular breeding to enhance tomato resistance.
{"title":"Transcription factor SlJIG orchestrates multi-layer defense in tomato against the invasive pest Phthorimaea absoluta.","authors":"Zhiwei Kang,Xiaoyan Guo,Zichao Song,Cheng Qu,Jiancai Li,Lei Deng,Shizhao Jing,Kexin Liu,Na Zhang,Ning Di,Yangdong Guo,Chuanyou Li,Jianghua Sun","doi":"10.1111/nph.70797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70797","url":null,"abstract":"In plants, many (bHLH) transcription factors play key roles in processes governing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Whether and how bHLH transcription factors participate in tomato defense against the invasive pest Phthorimaea absoluta remains unclear. We here reveal that the bHLH transcription factor gene SlJIG responds positively to P. absoluta infestation, to methyl jasmonate-treatment and to wounding. Gene editing SlJIG in tomato plants increased susceptibility to P. absoluta larvae and attractiveness to oviposition by P. absoluta females but decreased attractiveness to Nesidiocoris poppiusi, a natural predator of P. absoluta. SlJIG was found to enhance resistance through the transcriptional activation of key enzymes in the α-tomatine (HMGR1 and FPPS1) and flavonoid (CHI1 and FLS) biosynthesis pathway. Gene editing SlJIG decreased biosynthesis of α-tomatine and kaempferol, which are two key defensive metabolites against P. absoluta larvae. It also repressed the transcription of terpene synthesis TPS12, resulting in lower emission of α-humulene, which is correlated with the preference changes of P. absoluta and N. poppiusi. These findings underscore the pivotal role of SlJIG as a regulator of tomato defense against P. absoluta and highlight its potential as a target for molecular breeding to enhance tomato resistance.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145696880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junzhou Liu, Tingting Du, Xianke Yang, Jinfang Zhao, Sheng Liang, Zhuo Chen, Hui Zhang, Yang Xiao, Dongliang Xiong
Summary How plants cope with drought remains a major challenge in plant biology. Plants have evolved diverse drought resistance strategies, whether they operate synergistically or exhibit trade‐offs remains a critical knowledge gap. Here, we examined drought resistance strategies across 128 plant species, encompassing diverse plant phyla, original biomes, leaf types, and growth forms. Their leaf water retention capacity, rehydration capacity, and anatomical traits of leaves were measured. Our analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between leaf water retention capacity and rehydration capacity ( R2 = 0.55, P < 0.001), providing compelling evidence for an trade‐off between desiccation avoidance and desiccation tolerance at the leaf level. This trade‐off exhibits clear anatomical underpinnings in leaf structural traits including cell size, leaf thickness, vein density, and xylem proportion. We found significant variations in both capacities across plant phyla, original biomes, and leaf types, suggesting that vascular structure evolution and habitat adaptation may be primary drivers shaping drought resistance strategies. Notably, interspecific differences in leaf water retention capacity were mainly due to variations in water loss rate rather than water storage capacity. Our findings advance mechanistic understanding of drought resistance strategies across different plant types and contribute to improved predictions of vegetation responses to climate change.
植物如何应对干旱仍然是植物生物学中的一个重大挑战。植物已经进化出了多种抗旱策略，无论它们是协同运作还是表现出权衡，仍然是一个关键的知识缺口。在这里，我们研究了128种植物的抗旱策略，包括不同的植物门、原始生物群系、叶片类型和生长形式。测定了它们叶片的保水性、复水化能力和解剖性状。我们的分析显示，叶片保水能力和再水化能力之间存在显著的负相关（r2 = 0.55, P < 0.001），为叶片水平上避免干燥和耐受干燥之间的权衡提供了令人信服的证据。这种权衡表现出叶片结构特征的清晰解剖学基础，包括细胞大小、叶片厚度、叶脉密度和木质部比例。我们发现植物门、原始生物群系和叶片类型在这两种能力上存在显著差异，这表明维管结构进化和栖息地适应可能是形成抗旱策略的主要驱动因素。值得注意的是，种间叶片保水能力的差异主要是由于失水速率的差异，而不是由于储水能力的差异。我们的研究结果促进了对不同植物类型抗旱策略的机制理解，并有助于改进植被对气候变化的响应预测。
{"title":"A trade‐off between leaf water retention capacity and rehydration capacity among plant species","authors":"Junzhou Liu, Tingting Du, Xianke Yang, Jinfang Zhao, Sheng Liang, Zhuo Chen, Hui Zhang, Yang Xiao, Dongliang Xiong","doi":"10.1111/nph.70821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70821","url":null,"abstract":"Summary <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item> How plants cope with drought remains a major challenge in plant biology. Plants have evolved diverse drought resistance strategies, whether they operate synergistically or exhibit trade‐offs remains a critical knowledge gap. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> Here, we examined drought resistance strategies across 128 plant species, encompassing diverse plant phyla, original biomes, leaf types, and growth forms. Their leaf water retention capacity, rehydration capacity, and anatomical traits of leaves were measured. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> Our analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between leaf water retention capacity and rehydration capacity ( <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0.55, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> < 0.001), providing compelling evidence for an trade‐off between desiccation avoidance and desiccation tolerance at the leaf level. This trade‐off exhibits clear anatomical underpinnings in leaf structural traits including cell size, leaf thickness, vein density, and xylem proportion. We found significant variations in both capacities across plant phyla, original biomes, and leaf types, suggesting that vascular structure evolution and habitat adaptation may be primary drivers shaping drought resistance strategies. Notably, interspecific differences in leaf water retention capacity were mainly due to variations in water loss rate rather than water storage capacity. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> Our findings advance mechanistic understanding of drought resistance strategies across different plant types and contribute to improved predictions of vegetation responses to climate change. </jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The rhizosphere priming effect (RPE), referring to the effects of living plant roots on soil organic matter decomposition, plays an important role in terrestrial carbon and nutrient cycling. However, how global changes may affect RPE remains unclear. By conducting a global meta‐analysis of 220 observations from 39 plant species planted in 49 mineral and organic soils, we quantified the effects of multiple global change factors on RPE and explored the regulations of plant, edaphic, and experimental factors on RPE responses. We found that, overall, nitrogen addition, phosphorus addition, elevated CO 2 , warming, increased precipitation, or nitrogen addition plus elevated CO 2 had a neutral effect on RPE, while nitrogen plus phosphorus addition significantly decreased RPE. The responses of RPE and plant biomass were decoupled under all these global change factors. Across studies, the elevated CO 2 effect on RPE increased significantly with soil nitrogen availability but decreased with soil clay plus silt content under ambient nitrogen, but these relationships disappeared under elevated nitrogen. Similarly, the warming effect on RPE increased with soil nitrogen availability. Our findings suggest that, when considered from the perspective of individual GCFs, global change may not have a substantial impact on the rhizosphere priming effect.
{"title":"Rhizosphere priming of soil organic matter in response to multiple global change factors","authors":"Jiguang Feng, Qiufang Zhang, Ying Chen, Feike A. Dijkstra, Biao Zhu","doi":"10.1111/nph.70805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70805","url":null,"abstract":"Summary <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item> The rhizosphere priming effect (RPE), referring to the effects of living plant roots on soil organic matter decomposition, plays an important role in terrestrial carbon and nutrient cycling. However, how global changes may affect RPE remains unclear. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> By conducting a global meta‐analysis of 220 observations from 39 plant species planted in 49 mineral and organic soils, we quantified the effects of multiple global change factors on RPE and explored the regulations of plant, edaphic, and experimental factors on RPE responses. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> We found that, overall, nitrogen addition, phosphorus addition, elevated CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> , warming, increased precipitation, or nitrogen addition plus elevated CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> had a neutral effect on RPE, while nitrogen plus phosphorus addition significantly decreased RPE. The responses of RPE and plant biomass were decoupled under all these global change factors. Across studies, the elevated CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> effect on RPE increased significantly with soil nitrogen availability but decreased with soil clay plus silt content under ambient nitrogen, but these relationships disappeared under elevated nitrogen. Similarly, the warming effect on RPE increased with soil nitrogen availability. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> Our findings suggest that, when considered from the perspective of individual GCFs, global change may not have a substantial impact on the rhizosphere priming effect. </jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three CO 2 ‐concentrating mechanisms are integrated in a single leaf of an aquatic plant","authors":"Genki Horiguchi","doi":"10.1111/nph.70800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70800","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The homology and evolutionary origins of conifer seed cones have been debated in the plant morphology literature for over a century. Although seed cones are broadly considered to be compound, in which the ovule‐bearing structure is a highly modified shoot termed the ovuliferous scale, conifer research over the last several decades has challenged this interpretation for some taxa and raised new questions about the evolution of these reproductive structures. Here I explore (1) whether structures homologous to the axillary ovuliferous shoots of ancient conifers are present in all groups of living conifers, (2) the development and evolutionary origins of the inverted vascular bundles of ovuliferous scales, (3) the role of heterochrony in seed cone evolution and its relationship to functional morphology and pollination, and (4) evidence of parallel evolution of ovuliferous scales among major conifer lineages.
{"title":"Homology and heterochrony in the evolution of conifer seed cones","authors":"Kelly K. S. Matsunaga","doi":"10.1111/nph.70783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70783","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The homology and evolutionary origins of conifer seed cones have been debated in the plant morphology literature for over a century. Although seed cones are broadly considered to be compound, in which the ovule‐bearing structure is a highly modified shoot termed the ovuliferous scale, conifer research over the last several decades has challenged this interpretation for some taxa and raised new questions about the evolution of these reproductive structures. Here I explore (1) whether structures homologous to the axillary ovuliferous shoots of ancient conifers are present in all groups of living conifers, (2) the development and evolutionary origins of the inverted vascular bundles of ovuliferous scales, (3) the role of heterochrony in seed cone evolution and its relationship to functional morphology and pollination, and (4) evidence of parallel evolution of ovuliferous scales among major conifer lineages.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Placing a mustard oil bomb trigger in the endoplasmic reticulum: the SUN in plant defense against herbivory attack","authors":"Huanquan Zheng","doi":"10.1111/nph.70808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70808","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"367 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and its associated mark, H2A monoubiquitination (H2Aub), cooperate with PRC2 for transcriptional silencing in multicellular organisms. However, PRC1 is absent from many unicellular lineages, leaving its functional conservation and relationship with PRC2 unclear. In the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum , the role of the PRC1 subunit RING1 was investigated to assess whether PRC1‐mediated repression is evolutionary conserved and how it interacts with PRC2. RING1 knockout mutants were generated to investigate H2Aub deposition. Genome‐wide H2Aub profiles were integrated with existing H3K27me3 maps, and transcriptome analyses were performed to compare RING1 and the PRC2 catalytic subunit Enhancer of Zeste mutants, thereby evaluating their respective contributions to gene and transposable elements (TEs) repression. Loss of RING1 abolished H2Aub and revealed that H2Aub predominantly marks repressed genes lacking H3K27me3, while both marks colocalize on TEs. Transcriptome data indicate that H2Aub primarily mediates repression of genes with high H2Aub enrichment, whereas TEs marked by both H2Aub and H3K27me3 are mainly regulated by H3K27me3. These results demonstrate that PRC1 and PRC2, which originated before multicellularity, act independently to establish transcriptional silencing in P. tricornutum . PRC1 is functionally conserved in this diatom, with H2Aub and H3K27me3 fulfilling distinct yet complementary regulatory roles.
{"title":"The RING1 subunit of Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 monoubiquitinates histone H2A and mediates repression independently of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum","authors":"Yue Wu, Xue Zhao, Jing Xuan Chen, Timothée Chaumier, Leïla Tirichine","doi":"10.1111/nph.70802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70802","url":null,"abstract":"Summary <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"> <jats:list-item> Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and its associated mark, H2A monoubiquitination (H2Aub), cooperate with PRC2 for transcriptional silencing in multicellular organisms. However, PRC1 is absent from many unicellular lineages, leaving its functional conservation and relationship with PRC2 unclear. In the model diatom <jats:italic>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</jats:italic> , the role of the PRC1 subunit RING1 was investigated to assess whether PRC1‐mediated repression is evolutionary conserved and how it interacts with PRC2. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> RING1 knockout mutants were generated to investigate H2Aub deposition. Genome‐wide H2Aub profiles were integrated with existing H3K27me3 maps, and transcriptome analyses were performed to compare RING1 and the PRC2 catalytic subunit Enhancer of Zeste mutants, thereby evaluating their respective contributions to gene and transposable elements (TEs) repression. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> Loss of RING1 abolished H2Aub and revealed that H2Aub predominantly marks repressed genes lacking H3K27me3, while both marks colocalize on TEs. Transcriptome data indicate that H2Aub primarily mediates repression of genes with high H2Aub enrichment, whereas TEs marked by both H2Aub and H3K27me3 are mainly regulated by H3K27me3. </jats:list-item> <jats:list-item> These results demonstrate that PRC1 and PRC2, which originated before multicellularity, act independently to establish transcriptional silencing in <jats:italic>P. tricornutum</jats:italic> . PRC1 is functionally conserved in this diatom, with H2Aub and H3K27me3 fulfilling distinct yet complementary regulatory roles. </jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subject to an ever-changing world, plants must respond to harmful conditions and environmental fluctuations. Their evolutionary success can be attributed to their plasticity in both perceiving and integrating these variations to facilitate adaptation. The epigenetic control of gene expression through histone modification affords plants this flexibility by fine-tuning gene expression and imprinting a transcriptional memory of specific conditions. Histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) is a repressive modification held in balance across the genome by its writer, the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, and its erasers, Jumonji-class histone lysine demethylases. While extensively studied as a mark controlling cell-fate identity and developmental transitions, recent efforts have shown that stress-responsive loci are also regulated by H3K27me3. In this review, I explore the emerging roles of these H3K27me3 writers and erasers as central hubs in stress adaptation, highlighting their context-dependent regulation and interplay with other chromatin marks. By examining H3K27me3 dynamics, I provide an updated perspective on its versatile functions beyond development, emphasising its relevance in enhancing plant adaptation and resilience to changing environments.
{"title":"Finding balance: the dynamic interplay between H3K27me3 writers and erasers in regulating environmental plasticity and memory.","authors":"Rory Osborne","doi":"10.1111/nph.70815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70815","url":null,"abstract":"Subject to an ever-changing world, plants must respond to harmful conditions and environmental fluctuations. Their evolutionary success can be attributed to their plasticity in both perceiving and integrating these variations to facilitate adaptation. The epigenetic control of gene expression through histone modification affords plants this flexibility by fine-tuning gene expression and imprinting a transcriptional memory of specific conditions. Histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) is a repressive modification held in balance across the genome by its writer, the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, and its erasers, Jumonji-class histone lysine demethylases. While extensively studied as a mark controlling cell-fate identity and developmental transitions, recent efforts have shown that stress-responsive loci are also regulated by H3K27me3. In this review, I explore the emerging roles of these H3K27me3 writers and erasers as central hubs in stress adaptation, highlighting their context-dependent regulation and interplay with other chromatin marks. By examining H3K27me3 dynamics, I provide an updated perspective on its versatile functions beyond development, emphasising its relevance in enhancing plant adaptation and resilience to changing environments.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisabetta Liistro,Mariano Battistuzzi,Mattia Storti,Beatrice Boccia,Lorenzo Cocola,Giorgio Perin,Tomas Morosinotto,Nicoletta La Rocca
Oxygenic photosynthesis is driven by visible light in most photosynthetic organisms, with exceptions in a few cyanobacteria and microalgae species, which can extend the light absorption to far-red (FR) wavelengths, by synthesizing new pigments or shifting the antennae absorption range beyond 700 nm. In this work, we describe a novel mechanism of acclimation in the marine microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana, which resulted capable of growth relying solely on FR light. Unexpectedly, the response did not involve the synthesis of red-shifted absorption forms but a peculiar reorganization of chloroplasts. The abundance of photosynthetic complexes changed, with an increased accumulation of all pigment-binding proteins and photosystem II. Chloroplasts became bigger and thylakoid membranes increased in number, occupying almost all the organelle volume, showing also newly observed structures, composed of a central superstack with perpendicular electron-dense interconnections, that we propose to name thylakoidal bodies. To the best of our knowledge, these results describe a novel acclimation strategy to FR light, overall highlighting that the biodiversity of responses to FR light is currently underestimated.
{"title":"Thylakoids reorganization enables driving photosynthesis under far-red light in the microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana.","authors":"Elisabetta Liistro,Mariano Battistuzzi,Mattia Storti,Beatrice Boccia,Lorenzo Cocola,Giorgio Perin,Tomas Morosinotto,Nicoletta La Rocca","doi":"10.1111/nph.70786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70786","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygenic photosynthesis is driven by visible light in most photosynthetic organisms, with exceptions in a few cyanobacteria and microalgae species, which can extend the light absorption to far-red (FR) wavelengths, by synthesizing new pigments or shifting the antennae absorption range beyond 700 nm. In this work, we describe a novel mechanism of acclimation in the marine microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana, which resulted capable of growth relying solely on FR light. Unexpectedly, the response did not involve the synthesis of red-shifted absorption forms but a peculiar reorganization of chloroplasts. The abundance of photosynthetic complexes changed, with an increased accumulation of all pigment-binding proteins and photosystem II. Chloroplasts became bigger and thylakoid membranes increased in number, occupying almost all the organelle volume, showing also newly observed structures, composed of a central superstack with perpendicular electron-dense interconnections, that we propose to name thylakoidal bodies. To the best of our knowledge, these results describe a novel acclimation strategy to FR light, overall highlighting that the biodiversity of responses to FR light is currently underestimated.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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