New Phytologist最新文献

{"title":"Changes in leaf economic trait relationships across a precipitation gradient are related to differential gene expression in a C4 perennial grass","authors":"Robert W. Heckman, Michael J. Aspinwall, Samuel H. Taylor, David B. Lowry, Albina Khasanova, Jason E. Bonnette, Samsad Razzaque, Philip A. Fay, Thomas E. Juenger","doi":"10.1111/nph.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<h2> Introduction</h2>\u0000<p>The leaf economics spectrum (LES) is an example of phenotypic integration, where several functionally related traits covary. It is highly consistent at large taxonomic and spatial scales (Wright <i>et al</i>., <span>2004</span>; Anderegg <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>), but often breaks down at lower taxonomic levels, such as within genera or species (Edwards <i>et al</i>., <span>2014</span>; Martin <i>et al</i>., <span>2017</span>). Leaf economic trait covariation within species can be driven by the environment and genetic architecture and variation (i.e. pleiotropy, linkage, and epistasis) (Westerband <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>). When leaf economics traits are largely genetically determined, the LES should be more consistent across environments, especially in the absence of genotype-by-environment interactions. When the environment influences leaf economics traits (i.e. environment or genotype-by-environment effects), intraspecific trait covariation occurring in one environment may be unpredictable or entirely absent in another environment (Schlichting, <span>1986</span>). Leaf economics trait covariation may increase if selection favors particular trait combinations (i.e. correlational selection occurs) or if leaf economics traits are controlled by the same set of genes and respond similarly to stress (e.g. pleiotropy or shared genetic networks). Phenotypic integration can decline if extreme stress reduces developmental stability (Wang & Zhou, <span>2022</span>) or if traits differ in their environmental responsiveness (Gianoli & Palacio-López, <span>2009</span>; Matesanz <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>). This may occur when the genetic or molecular bases of these traits only partially overlap or when selection for traits independently becomes stronger than selection for traits in combination. An important question, then, is whether covariation among leaf economics traits changes across environments (Matesanz <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>), and if so, what causes this change.</p>\u0000<p>Two potentially important processes that could explain changes in leaf economics traits and their covariation are phenotypic plasticity and intraspecific genetic variation (Anderegg <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>; Westerband <i>et al</i>., <span>2021</span>). Phenotypic plasticity, which is the ability of a single genotype to produce different phenotypes in response to changing environmental conditions (Schlichting, <span>1986</span>), can be active – driven by metabolic or physiological responses to the environment – or passive – resulting from stress responses or genetic correlations with other biological processes – and can increase or decrease fitness (i.e. adaptive vs maladaptive plasticity; Ghalambor <i>et al</i>., <span>2007</span>). The strength and speed of plastic responses can vary among traits (Famiglietti <i>et al</i>., <span>2024</span>) and along resource gradients (e.g. nutrients, light, water; Mooney,","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput assessment of anemophilous pollen size and variability using imaging cytometry","authors":"Thomas Hornick, W. Stanley Harpole, Susanne Dunker","doi":"10.1111/nph.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<h2> Introduction</h2>\u0000<p>Pollen size data are important for community and functional ecology, evolutionary biology, macroecology or paleobotany for distinguishing species, quantifying species abundance, exploring and predicting spatial and temporal species distributions, as well as gaining a detailed understanding of underlying ecological and evolutionary processes (Mäkelä, <span>1996</span>; Cruden, <span>2000</span>; Sork <i>et al</i>., <span>2002</span>; Borrell, <span>2012</span>; Theuerkauf & Couwenberg, <span>2022</span>; Wei <i>et al</i>., <span>2023</span>). Also, informing the public about allergenic airborne pollen relies on pollen size data that are one parameter for modeling airborne pollen transport (i.e. pollen forecast) (Dbouk <i>et al</i>., <span>2022</span>). Pollen size information can further be used to explore resource allocation between generative and vegetative strategies of plant reproduction (Cruden & Lyon, <span>1985</span>) or may be applied in agricultural systems to assess the ploidy level of plants and the evolution of breeding systems (Johansen & von Bothmer, <span>1994</span>). Pollen size estimates may be applied in plant cultivation as a decisive parameter that restricts the dispersal distance of genetically modified organisms or might be used to distinguish between cultivars and wild-types (Chaturvedi <i>et al</i>., <span>1998</span>; Joly <i>et al</i>., <span>2007</span>; Williams, <span>2010</span>; Yang <i>et al</i>., <span>2012</span>; Hofmann <i>et al</i>., <span>2014</span>).</p>\u0000<p>However, pollen size data are limited and often do not provide estimates of variation or only provide categorical pollen size ranges (e.g. TRY (Kattge <i>et al</i>., <span>2020</span>), PalDat (2000 onwards, www.paldat.org) and Pollen-Wiki (https://pollen.tstebler.ch/MediaWiki/index.php?title=Pollenatlas)). Pollen size is mainly quantified by time-consuming manual measurements using light or scanning electron microscopy, for which the samples are treated and/or embedded, for example, with alcohol, glycerine jelly, silicon oil or acetolysis, which can impact grain size estimates by either shrinkage or swelling (Mäkelä, <span>1996</span>; Hayat <i>et al</i>., <span>2009</span>; Beug, <span>2015</span>; Bolinder <i>et al</i>., <span>2015</span>; Halbritter <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>; Lu <i>et al</i>., <span>2018</span>, <span>2022</span>). Usually, 10–50 randomly selected grains are measured for only a limited number of sites and years (Sótonyi <i>et al</i>., <span>2000</span>; Hayat <i>et al</i>., <span>2009</span>; Hall & Walter, <span>2011</span>; Beug, <span>2015</span>; Lu <i>et al</i>., <span>2022</span>), thus restricting our knowledge on inter- and intraspecific variability and spatiotemporal variation of pollen size.</p>\u0000<p>To examine the size of a much larger number of pollen grains, promising developments have been made using, for example, the Classifynder automated palynology system (Holt & Be","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-tuning mast seeding: as resources accumulate, plants become more sensitive to weather cues","authors":"Dave Kelly, Jakub Szymkowiak, Andrew Hacket-Pain, Michal Bogdziewicz","doi":"10.1111/nph.70092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Interannual variability of seed production, masting, has far-reaching ecological impacts, including effects on forest regeneration and the population dynamics of seed consumers. It is important to understand the mechanisms driving masting to predict how plant populations and ecosystem dynamics may change into the future, and for short-term forecasting of seed production to aid management.</li>\u0000<li>We used long-term observations of individual flowering effort in snow tussocks (<i>Chionochloa pallens</i>) and seed production in European beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica</i>) to test how endogenous resource levels and weather variation interact in driving masting.</li>\u0000<li>In both species, there was an interaction between the weather cue and plant resources. If resource reserves were high, even weak temperature cues triggered relatively high reproductive effort, and depleted resources suppressed reproduction even in the presence of strong cues.</li>\u0000<li>Resource dynamics played dual roles of both suppressant and prompter of reproduction, allowing plants to fine-tune the length of intervals between large seeding years regardless of variable cue frequency. The strong interaction between resource reserves and weather cues has immediate application in mast forecasting models increasingly important for global afforestation efforts. Moreover, the important role of resource reserves in the plant response to weather cues will dictate the masting responses to climate change.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling the dynamics of seed-stored mRNAs during seed priming","authors":"Patricija Gran, Tessa W. Visscher, Bing Bai, Harm Nijveen, Amir Mahboubi, Lars L. Bakermans, Leo A. J. Willems, Leónie Bentsink","doi":"10.1111/nph.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70098","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h2&gt; Introduction&lt;/h2&gt;\u0000&lt;p&gt;In automated agricultural production, it is important that seed germination occurs quickly and simultaneously. To enhance germination and seedling establishment, even under detrimental environmental conditions, a method called seed priming can be applied. Seed priming is a pre-sowing seed treatment that aims to enhance seed performance by modulating the physiological and biochemical processes within the seed (Varier &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2010&lt;/span&gt;; Paparella &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2015&lt;/span&gt;). There are different priming methods; however, with respect to the work discussed here, we will focus on hydropriming. Hydropriming is simple, cost-effective and known to promote the germination rate of Arabidopsis seeds (Sano &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2017&lt;/span&gt;). The germination process, which starts with the hydration of the seed, can be divided into three phases (Bewley &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;). The first phase (imbibition/hydration) is characterized by rapid water intake and occurs regardless of the viability or metabolic activity of the seed. This first phase of water absorption is a physical and reversible process; seeds can be re-dried without losing their germinability. The second (lag) phase is characterized by little water absorption, an increase in enzyme activation, protein synthesis and repair of mitochondria and DNA (Rajjou &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2012&lt;/span&gt;). The third phase includes rapid water intake, radicle protrusion (germination senso stricto), and cell elongation without cell division. Enzymes from the second phase begin to degrade while stored components like fatty acids, proteins, carbohydrates and phosphorus-containing compounds are consumed by the newly emerging plant. During the priming treatment, the seed is taken through the first two reversible phases of germination and is stopped before the radicle protrudes the endosperm and seed coat (third phase, Fig. 1a). It has been reported that seed priming, in addition to a quicker and more uniform germination, can also improve plant performance in drought and high salinity conditions (Marthandan &lt;i&gt;et al&lt;/i&gt;., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000&lt;figure&gt;&lt;picture&gt;\u0000&lt;source media=\"(min-width: 1650px)\" srcset=\"/cms/asset/2c513c6c-0ec6-460d-8658-57ede975f38a/nph70098-fig-0001-m.jpg\"/&gt;&lt;img alt=\"Details are in the caption following the image\" data-lg-src=\"/cms/asset/2c513c6c-0ec6-460d-8658-57ede975f38a/nph70098-fig-0001-m.jpg\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"/cms/asset/fcece6d0-47c5-4318-8c65-10bc875006eb/nph70098-fig-0001-m.png\" title=\"Details are in the caption following the image\"/&gt;&lt;/picture&gt;&lt;figcaption&gt;\u0000&lt;div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fig. 1&lt;span style=\"font-weight:normal\"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;div&gt;Open in figure viewer&lt;i aria-hidden=\"true\"&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span&gt;PowerPoint&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;\u0000&lt;/div&gt;\u0000&lt;div&gt;Phenotypic characteristics of primed seeds. (a) Schematic presentation of the priming procedure. Seed water content curves are indicated for normal germination (in green) and for priming (in blue). (b) Schematic representati","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"2 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The CsMYB44-csi-miR0008-CsCER1 module regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis and drought tolerance in citrus","authors":"Jingheng Xie, Li Yang, Wei Hu, Jie Song, Liuqing Kuang, Yingjie Huang, Dechun Liu, Yong Liu","doi":"10.1111/nph.70088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Cuticular wax covering aboveground organs serves as the first line of defense shielding plants from nonstomatal water loss and diverse environmental stresses. While there have been several wax-related genes identified, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the control of wax biosynthesis remain poorly understood in citrus, particularly at the posttranscriptional level.</li>\u0000<li>Here, we demonstrated that the CsMYB44-csi-miR0008-<i>CsCER1</i> module is responsible for regulating drought tolerance in citrus through its control of cuticular wax biosynthesis.</li>\u0000<li>In this study, microRNA (miRNA) sequencing analyses of ‘Newhall’ navel oranges and the wax-deficient ‘Ganqi 3’ mutant variety led to the identification of a novel cuticular wax biosynthesis-related miRNA, csi-miR0008. csi-miR0008 suppresses the expression of <i>CsCER1</i>, an aldehyde decarbonylase-encoding gene associated with n-alkane biosynthesis. The leaves of csi-miR0008-silencing and <i>CsCER1</i>-overexpressing plants exhibited increases in total wax levels, with particularly pronounced increases in n-alkane levels, contributing to enhanced drought tolerance. csi-miR0008-overexpressing and <i>CsCER1</i>-silencing plants exhibited the opposite phenotypes. CsMYB44 was confirmed to promote wax accumulation by directly inhibiting the expression of csi-miR0008.</li>\u0000<li>Taken together, our study offers new insight into the mechanisms responsible for the posttranscriptional control of citrus cuticular wax biosynthesis, while also providing a foundation for the breeding of novel citrus varieties exhibiting enhanced drought tolerance.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C4 photosynthesis, trait spectra, and the fast-efficient phenotype","authors":"Russell K. Monson, Shuai Li, Elizabeth A. Ainsworth, Yuzhen Fan, John G. Hodge, Alan K. Knapp, Andrew D. B. Leakey, Danica Lombardozzi, Sasha C. Reed, Rowan F. Sage, Melinda D. Smith, Nicholas G. Smith, Christopher J. Still, Danielle A. Way","doi":"10.1111/nph.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70057","url":null,"abstract":"It has been 60 years since the discovery of C₄ photosynthesis, an event that rewrote our understanding of plant adaptation, ecosystem responses to global change, and global food security. Despite six decades of research, one aspect of C₄ photosynthesis that remains poorly understood is how the pathway fits into the broader context of adaptive trait spectra, which form our modern view of functional trait ecology. The C₄ CO₂-concentrating mechanism supports a general C₄ plant phenotype capable of fast growth and high resource-use efficiencies. The fast-efficient C₄ phenotype has the potential to operate at high productivity rates, while allowing for less biomass allocation to root production and nutrient acquisition, thereby providing opportunities for the evolution of novel trait covariances and the exploitation of new ecological niches. We propose the placement of the C₄ fast-efficient phenotype near the acquisitive pole of the world-wide leaf economic spectrum, but with a pathway-specific span of trait space, wherein selection shapes both acquisitive and conservative adaptive strategies. A trait-based perspective of C₄ photosynthesis will open new paths to crop improvement, global biogeochemical modeling, the management of invasive species, and the restoration of disturbed ecosystems, particularly in grasslands.","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143713592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and transcriptomic insights into legume–rhizobia symbiosis in the nitrogen-fixing tree Robinia pseudoacacia","authors":"Bin Hu, Maxim Messerer, Georg Haberer, Thomas Lux, Vanda Marosi, Klaus F. X. Mayer, Kevin D. Oliphant, David Kaufholdt, Jutta Schulze, Lana-Sophie Kreth, Jens Jurgeleit, Robert Geffers, Robert Hänsch, Heinz Rennenberg","doi":"10.1111/nph.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li><i>Robinia pseudoacacia</i> L. (black locust) is a nitrogen (N)-fixing legume tree with significant ecological and agricultural importance. Unlike well-studied herbaceous legumes, <i>R. pseudoacacia</i> is a perennial woody species, representing an understudied group of legume trees that establish symbiosis with Mesorhizobium. Understanding its genomic and transcriptional responses to nodulation provides key insights into N fixation in long-lived plants and their role in ecosystem N cycling.</li>\u0000<li>We assembled a high-quality 699.6-Mb reference genome and performed transcriptomic analyses comparing inoculated and noninoculated plants. Differential expression and co-expression network analyses revealed organ-specific regulatory pathways, identifying key genes associated with symbiosis, nutrient transport, and stress adaptation.</li>\u0000<li>Unlike <i>Medicago truncatula</i>, which predominantly responds to nodulation in roots, <i>R. pseudoacacia</i> exhibited stem-centered transcriptional reprogramming, with the majority of differentially expressed genes located in stems rather than in roots. Co-expression network analysis identified gene modules associated with “leghemoglobins”, metal detoxification, and systemic nutrient allocation, highlighting a coordinated long-distance response to N fixation.</li>\u0000<li>This study establishes <i>R. pseudoacacia</i> as a genomic model for nodulating trees, providing essential resources for evolutionary, ecological, and applied research. These findings have significant implications for reforestation, phytoremediation, forestry, and sustainable N management, particularly in depleted, degraded, and contaminated soil ecosystems.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variation in a tandemly duplicated TPS gene cluster contributes to the diversity of aroma in lychee fruit","authors":"Huimin Hu, Hongsen Liu, Zaohai Zeng, Yaxuan Xiao, Yingxiao Mai, Yanqing Zhang, Blake C. Meyers, Yanwei Hao, Rui Xia","doi":"10.1111/nph.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Fruits undergo a similar ripening process, yet they exhibit a range of differences in color, taste, and shape, both across different species and within the same species. How does this diversity arise? We uncovered a conserved fruit ripening process in lychee fruit in which a NAC transcription factor, LcNAC1, acts as a master regulator. LcNAC1 regulates the expression of two terpene synthase genes, <i>LcTPSa1</i> and <i>LcTPSa2</i>, which belong to a gene cluster consisting of four <i>TPS</i> genes. LcTPSa1–LcTPSa3 are responsible for catalyzing the production of farnesol, which in turn dictates the aromatic diversity in fruit of different lychee varieties.</li>\u0000<li>Through comparative, transcriptomic, and genomic analyses across various lychee varieties, we found these four <i>TPS</i> genes exhibit distinct expression levels due to natural genetic variation. These include copy number variations, presence/absence variations, insertions and deletions, and single nucleotide polymorphisms, many of which affect the binding affinity of LcNAC1.</li>\u0000<li>A single nucleotide mutation in <i>LcTPSa1</i> caused a premature translational termination, resulting in a truncated version of the TPS protein, which surprisingly remains functional.</li>\u0000<li>All these genomic changes in the LcNAC1-regulated <i>TPS</i> genes are likely to contribute to the great aromatic diversity observed in lychee fruit. This diversification of fruit aroma in lychee varieties offers a compelling example of how species- or variety-specific traits evolve – the phenotypic diversity is primarily derived from natural genetic variation accumulated in downstream structural genes within an evolutionarily conserved regulatory circuit.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How some tropical trees benefit from being struck by lightning: evidence for Dipteryx oleifera and other large-statured trees","authors":"Evan M. Gora, Helene C. Muller-Landau, K. C. Cushman, Jeannine H. Richards, Phillip M. Bitzer, Jeffery C. Burchfield, Pablo Narváez, Stephen P. Yanoviak","doi":"10.1111/nph.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Lightning strikes kill hundreds of millions of trees annually, but their role in shaping tree life history and diversity is largely unknown.</li>\u0000<li>Here, we use data from a unique lightning location system to show that some individual trees counterintuitively benefit from being struck by lightning.</li>\u0000<li>Lightning killed 56% of 93 directly struck trees and caused an average of 41% crown dieback among the survivors. However, among these struck trees, 10 direct strikes caused negligible damage to <i>Dipteryx oleifera</i> trees while killing 78% of their lianas and 2.1 Mg of competitor tree biomass. Nine trees of other long-lived taxa survived lightning with similar benefits. On average, a <i>D. oleifera</i> tree &gt; 60 cm in diameter is struck by lightning at least five times during its lifetime, conferring these benefits repeatedly. We estimate that the ability to survive lightning increases lifetime fecundity 14-fold, largely because of reduced competition from lianas and neighboring trees. Moreover, the unusual heights and wide crowns of <i>D. oleifera</i> increase the probability of a direct strike by 49–68% relative to trees of the same diameter with average allometries.</li>\u0000<li>These patterns suggest that lightning plays an underappreciated role in tree competition, life history strategies, and species coexistence.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aboveground whole-plant live imaging method for nitric oxide (NO) reveals an intricate relationship between NO and H2O2","authors":"Devasantosh Mohanty, María Ángeles Peláez-Vico, Ronald J. Myers, María Inmaculada Sánchez-Vicente, Oscar Lorenzo, Ron Mittler","doi":"10.1111/nph.70094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000</p><ul>\u0000<li>Nitric oxide (NO) is a key regulator of plant development, growth, and responses to the environment. Together with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), NO modifies the structure and function of proteins, controlling redox signaling. Although NO has been studied extensively at the cellular and subcellular levels, very little is known about changes in NO content at the whole-plant level.</li>\u0000<li>Here, we report on the development of an aboveground whole-plant live imaging method for NO. Using mutants with altered NO levels, as well as an NO donor/scavenger, we demonstrate the specificity of the detection method for NO.</li>\u0000<li><i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> plants were found to produce a basal level of NO under control conditions. NO levels accumulated enzymatically in plants following heat stress applied to the entire plant, as well as in a systemic manner following different locally applied stimuli. Similar or opposing accumulation patterns were also found for NO and H₂O₂ during the response of plants to different stimuli.</li>\u0000<li>Our findings reveal that NO accumulates during the systemic response of plants to a local stimulus. In addition, they shed new light on the intricate relationships between NO and H₂O₂. The new method reported opens the way for multiple future studies of NO's role in plant biology.</li>\u0000</ul><p></p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143703477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}