{"title":"When the war came","authors":"Elizabeth Haswell","doi":"10.1126/science.ads4204","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ads4204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6722","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophia K. V. Hines, Christopher D. Charles, Aidan Starr, Steven L. Goldstein, Sidney R. Hemming, Ian R. Hall, Nambiyathodi Lathika, Mollie Passacantando, Louise Bolge
The mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT) [~1.25 to 0.85 million years ago (Ma)] marks a shift in the character of glacial-interglacial climate (1, 2). One prevailing hypothesis for the origin of the MPT is that glacial deep ocean circulation fundamentally changed, marked by a circulation “crisis” at ~0.90 Ma (marine isotope stages 24 to 22) (3). Using high-resolution paired neodymium, carbon, and oxygen isotope data from the South Atlantic Ocean (Cape Basin) across the MPT, we find no evidence of a substantial change in deep ocean circulation. Before and during the early MPT (~1.30 to 1.12 Ma), the glacial deep ocean variability closely resembled that of the most recent glacial cycle. The carbon storage facilitated by developing deep ocean stratification across the MPT required only modest circulation adjustments.
{"title":"Revisiting the mid-Pleistocene transition ocean circulation crisis","authors":"Sophia K. V. Hines, Christopher D. Charles, Aidan Starr, Steven L. Goldstein, Sidney R. Hemming, Ian R. Hall, Nambiyathodi Lathika, Mollie Passacantando, Louise Bolge","doi":"10.1126/science.adn4154","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adn4154","url":null,"abstract":"<div >The mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT) [~1.25 to 0.85 million years ago (Ma)] marks a shift in the character of glacial-interglacial climate (<i>1</i>, <i>2</i>). One prevailing hypothesis for the origin of the MPT is that glacial deep ocean circulation fundamentally changed, marked by a circulation “crisis” at ~0.90 Ma (marine isotope stages 24 to 22) (<i>3</i>). Using high-resolution paired neodymium, carbon, and oxygen isotope data from the South Atlantic Ocean (Cape Basin) across the MPT, we find no evidence of a substantial change in deep ocean circulation. Before and during the early MPT (~1.30 to 1.12 Ma), the glacial deep ocean variability closely resembled that of the most recent glacial cycle. The carbon storage facilitated by developing deep ocean stratification across the MPT required only modest circulation adjustments.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6722","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corinne Simonti, Priscilla N. Kelly, Yury Suleymanov, L. Bryan Ray, Caroline Ash, Keith T. Smith, Phil Szuromi
{"title":"In Other Journals","authors":"Corinne Simonti, Priscilla N. Kelly, Yury Suleymanov, L. Bryan Ray, Caroline Ash, Keith T. Smith, Phil Szuromi","doi":"10.1126/science.adu3744","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adu3744","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6722","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/science.adu3744","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hao Jiang, Salma Benzaria, Norah Alsadun, Jiangtao Jia, Justyna Czaban-Jóźwiak, Vincent Guillerm, Aleksander Shkurenko, Zeynabou Thiam, Mickaele Bonneau, Vijay K. Maka, Zhijie Chen, Zied Ouled Ameur, Michael O’Keeffe, Mohamed Eddaoudi
Rational design of intricate multicomponent reticular structures is often hindered by the lack of suitable blueprint nets. We established the merged-net approach, proffering optimal balance between designability and complexity, as a systematic solution for the rational assembly of multicomponent structures. In this work, by methodically mapping node-net relationships among 53 basic edge-transitive nets, we conceived a signature net map to identify merging net pairs, resulting in the enumeration of 353 merged nets. We developed a practical design algorithm and proposed more than 100 multicomponent metal-organic framework platforms. The effectiveness of this approach is commended by the successful synthesis of four classes of materials, which is based on merging three-periodic nets with the four possible net periodicities. The construction of multicomponent materials based on derived nets of merged nets highlights the potential of the merged-net approach in accelerating the discovery of intricate reticular materials.
{"title":"Merged-nets enumeration for the systematic design of multicomponent reticular structures","authors":"Hao Jiang, Salma Benzaria, Norah Alsadun, Jiangtao Jia, Justyna Czaban-Jóźwiak, Vincent Guillerm, Aleksander Shkurenko, Zeynabou Thiam, Mickaele Bonneau, Vijay K. Maka, Zhijie Chen, Zied Ouled Ameur, Michael O’Keeffe, Mohamed Eddaoudi","doi":"10.1126/science.ads7866","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ads7866","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Rational design of intricate multicomponent reticular structures is often hindered by the lack of suitable blueprint nets. We established the merged-net approach, proffering optimal balance between designability and complexity, as a systematic solution for the rational assembly of multicomponent structures. In this work, by methodically mapping node-net relationships among 53 basic edge-transitive nets, we conceived a signature net map to identify merging net pairs, resulting in the enumeration of 353 merged nets. We developed a practical design algorithm and proposed more than 100 multicomponent metal-organic framework platforms. The effectiveness of this approach is commended by the successful synthesis of four classes of materials, which is based on merging three-periodic nets with the four possible net periodicities. The construction of multicomponent materials based on derived nets of merged nets highlights the potential of the merged-net approach in accelerating the discovery of intricate reticular materials.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6722","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erica Sutcliffe, Nathanael P. Kazmierczak, Ryan G. Hadt
The tunability and spatial precision of paramagnetic molecules makes them attractive for quantum sensing. However, usual microwave-based detection methods have poor temporal and spatial resolution, and optical methods compatible with room-temperature solutions have remained elusive. Here, we utilized pump-probe polarization spectroscopy to initialize and track electron spin coherence in a molecule. Designed to efficiently couple spins to light, aqueous K 2 IrCl 6 enabled detection of few-picosecond free induction decay at room temperature and micromolar concentrations. Viscosity was found to strongly vary decoherence lifetimes. This approach has improved the experimental time-resolution by up to five orders of magnitude, making it possible to observe molecular electron spin coherence in a system that only exhibits coherence below 25 K with traditional techniques.
顺磁分子的可调谐性和空间精度使其对量子传感具有吸引力。然而，基于微波的常规探测方法的时间和空间分辨率较低，而与室温解决方案兼容的光学方法仍然难以实现。在这里，我们利用泵浦探针偏振光谱学来初始化和跟踪分子中的电子自旋相干性。K 2 IrCl 6 水溶液设计用于将自旋与光有效耦合，可在室温和微摩尔浓度下检测几皮秒的自由感应衰减。研究发现，粘度会强烈改变退相干寿命。这种方法将实验时间分辨率提高了 5 个数量级，从而有可能观察到分子电子自旋相干性，而传统技术只能在 25 K 以下显示相干性。
{"title":"Ultrafast all-optical coherence of molecular electron spins in room-temperature water solution","authors":"Erica Sutcliffe, Nathanael P. Kazmierczak, Ryan G. Hadt","doi":"10.1126/science.ads0512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ads0512","url":null,"abstract":"The tunability and spatial precision of paramagnetic molecules makes them attractive for quantum sensing. However, usual microwave-based detection methods have poor temporal and spatial resolution, and optical methods compatible with room-temperature solutions have remained elusive. Here, we utilized pump-probe polarization spectroscopy to initialize and track electron spin coherence in a molecule. Designed to efficiently couple spins to light, aqueous K <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> IrCl <jats:sub>6</jats:sub> enabled detection of few-picosecond free induction decay at room temperature and micromolar concentrations. Viscosity was found to strongly vary decoherence lifetimes. This approach has improved the experimental time-resolution by up to five orders of magnitude, making it possible to observe molecular electron spin coherence in a system that only exhibits coherence below 25 K with traditional techniques.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142594930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bringing music back to our children: Greater exposure to music can benefit language learning in infants","authors":"T. Christina Zhao","doi":"10.1126/science.ads7364","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ads7364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6722","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/science.ads7364","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Time to take stock","authors":"H. Holden Thorp","doi":"10.1126/science.adu4331","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adu4331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"386 6723","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":44.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/science.adu4331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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