Scientia Horticulturae最新文献_第8页

Effects of potassium fertilization on cold resistance in Korla fragrant pear 钾肥对库尔勒香梨抗寒性的影响

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114615

Linsen Yan , Xing Shen , Zhanyi He , Jie Li , Lele Yang , Zhongping Chai

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilizer on the cold resistance of Korla fragrant pear trees and to determine the optimal application rate. A field experiment was conducted on 7–8-year-old pear trees under drip irrigation, using four potassium fertilization treatments: K0 (0 kg/hm²), K75 (75 kg/hm²), K150 (150 kg/hm²), and K225 (225 kg/hm²). Cold resistance indices of current-year shoots and perennial branches were assessed across different growth stages. Correlation analyses were performed among potassium application rates, mineral nutrient contents, and cold resistance indices. Compared with the control (K0), the low-rate treatment (K75) had no significant effect on cold resistance indices but significantly increased Ca and Mg contents in branches. The medium-rate treatment (K150) significantly enhanced the contents of N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Cu, increased proline concentration, and promoted the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT enzymes. MDA content and relative conductivity were significantly reduced, and fruit yield was notably improved. In contrast, the high-rate treatment (K225) inhibited Ca and Mg accumulation but also enhanced enzymatic activity (SOD during fruit expansion, POD and CAT during ripening). It also significantly reduced MDA and relative conductivity during fruit expansion, ripening, and dormancy. Significant positive correlations were observed between potassium rates and the concentrations of N, P, K, and Mn, and strong correlations were found between mineral nutrients, cold resistance, and yield. An application rate of 150 kg/hm² potassium under drip irrigation was found to be optimal, significantly enhancing cold resistance, improving mineral nutrient status, and increasing both tree vitality and yield in Korla fragrant pear production.

本试验旨在评价钾肥对库尔勒香梨树抗寒性的影响，确定最佳施用量。以7 ~ 8年生梨树为试验材料，采用K0 （0 kg/hm2）、K75 （75 kg/hm2）、K150 （150 kg/hm2）和K225 (225 kg/hm2) 4种钾肥处理进行滴灌试验。对一年生枝条和多年生枝条在不同生长阶段的抗寒指标进行了评价。对施钾量、矿质养分含量和抗寒指标进行相关性分析。与对照（K0）相比，低速率处理（K75）对抗寒指标无显著影响，但显著提高了枝条中Ca和Mg含量。中速处理（K150）显著提高了氮、磷、钾、铁、锰和铜的含量，提高了脯氨酸浓度，促进了SOD、POD和CAT酶的活性。MDA含量和相对电导率显著降低，果实产量显著提高。相比之下，高速率处理（K225）抑制了Ca和Mg的积累，但也提高了酶活性（果实膨胀期间的SOD，成熟期间的POD和CAT）。它还显著降低了果实膨胀、成熟和休眠期间的MDA和相对电导率。施钾量与N、P、K、Mn浓度呈显著正相关，矿质养分、抗寒性和产量呈显著正相关。结果表明，在滴灌条件下，施用150 kg/hm2钾肥可显著提高库尔勒香梨的抗寒能力，改善矿质养分状况，提高树活力和产量。

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引用次数: 0

A comprehensive study on the fruit quality of multiple apple cultivars during harvest and post-harvest 多品种苹果采后果实品质的综合研究

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114611

Yali Li , Qian Ma , Wenxia Deng , Hao Chu , Yu Tang , Xujie He , Jia Tang , Yamei Ren , Xiaolin Ren , Yuduan Ding

Thirteen high-quality apple cultivars with maturation periods spanning from September to November, cultivated in the Loess Plateau region of China, were selected as the focus of this study. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to evaluate changes in quality attributes from pre-harvest to post-harvest storage, along with the underlying physiological and biochemical mechanisms. The optimal harvest period was determined based on the stabilization of key maturity indicators, including firmness, soluble solids content, starch content, and titratable acidity. Storage quality varied considerably among the cultivars. ‘Aztec Fuji’, ‘Ruixianghong’, ‘Scilate’, and ‘Cripps Pink’ exhibited the slowest softening rates and the highest storage potential, with firmness decline negatively correlated with starch and protopectin content. Using a multidimensional value theory, the sensory evaluation results were comprehensively analyzed to determine the optimal edibility time. As ‘Qincui’ should be harvested between 147 and 155 days after flowering and marketed around 120 days after storage at 0 ± 0.5°C to achieve optimal flavor. Soluble sugars, organic acids, and free amino acids contribute to flavor development, with certain cultivars exhibiting similar sensory characteristics as determined by electronic tongue analysis. In addition, ‘Shinano Gold’ and ‘Scilate’ demonstrated low browning susceptibility, making them suitable for processing. ‘Yanfu 10’, although prone to browning, contained high levels of antioxidant polyphenols such as chlorogenic acid. This study offers practical guidance on cultivar selection, harvest, and storage strategies to enhance apple quality and marketability.

以中国黄土高原地区13个成熟期为9 ~ 11月的优质苹果品种为研究对象。对采前贮藏到采后贮藏期间品质性状的变化及其生理生化机制进行了全面研究。根据硬度、可溶性固形物含量、淀粉含量和可滴定酸度等关键成熟度指标的稳定性确定最佳采收期。品种间贮藏品质差异较大。‘阿兹特克富士’、‘瑞香红’、‘Scilate’和‘Cripps Pink’的软化速率最慢，贮藏潜力最大，硬度下降与淀粉和原蛋白含量呈负相关。运用多维价值理论，对感官评价结果进行综合分析，确定最佳食用时间。因为“琴翠”应该在开花后147 - 155天收获，并在0±0.5°C储存后120天左右上市，以达到最佳风味。可溶性糖、有机酸和游离氨基酸有助于风味的发展，某些品种表现出类似的感官特征，这是通过电子舌分析确定的。此外，“Shinano Gold”和“Scilate”表现出低褐变敏感性，使它们适合加工。“盐复10号”虽然容易变褐，但含有高水平的抗氧化多酚，如绿原酸。本研究为提高苹果品质和适销性的品种选择、收获和贮藏策略提供了实践指导。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic analysis reveals a coordinated stress response and metabolic reprogramming in ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grape berries subjected to partial root-zone irrigation 转录组学分析揭示了“汉堡马斯喀特”葡萄遭受部分根区灌溉的胁迫反应和代谢重编程的协调

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2026.114612

Han Yan , Essam Elatafi , Sabir Iqbal , Chen Yingchun , Yang Guowei , Zhang Yilin , Li Xiujie , Li Bo , Liu Kai , Wu Yusen , Xie Zhaosen , Wang Chaoping

Water management in viticulture significantly influences grape berry development and wine quality, making it crucial to understand molecular responses to different irrigation strategies. This study investigated the physiological and transcriptomic responses of ‘Muscat Hamburg’ grape berries to partial root-zone irrigation (PRI), conventional irrigation (CI), and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI). Physiologically, irrigation treatments induced significant metabolic shifts without altering berry weight. The PRI treatment maximized sugar accumulation, while both PRI and RDI significantly elevated anthocyanin content and reduced titratable acidity compared to CI, promoting fruit ripening and quality. RNA-sequencing analysis of berries collected at 8 and 12 days post-veraison yielded high-quality transcriptomic profiles with distinct molecular signatures for each treatment. The most pronounced responses occurred in the CI vs. PRI12 comparison (3,205 differentially expressed genes). GO and KEGG analyses consistently highlighted the activation of stress response pathways, particularly heat response, reactive oxygen species, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. PRI induced comprehensive metabolic reprogramming characterized by the unfolded protein response, systematic downregulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and strategic reallocation of carbon and lipid metabolism. Key adjustments included enhanced trehalose biosynthesis, coordinated suppression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes despite the observed anthocyanin accumulation, and selective upregulation of antioxidant xanthophyll synthesis. Furthermore, cell wall metabolism was extensively modified alongside divergent regulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway. These findings demonstrate that PRI triggers a sophisticated cellular response involving protein quality control and resource conservation, offering molecular insights for optimizing sustainable irrigation while maintaining fruit quality.

葡萄栽培中的水分管理显著影响葡萄果实的发育和葡萄酒的品质，因此了解不同灌溉策略的分子反应至关重要。本研究研究了‘汉堡穆斯卡特’葡萄果实对部分根区灌溉（PRI）、常规灌溉（CI）和调节亏缺灌溉（RDI）的生理和转录组反应。在生理上，灌溉处理诱导了显著的代谢变化，但没有改变浆果的重量。与CI相比，PRI和RDI处理均显著提高了花青素含量，降低了可滴定酸度，促进了果实的成熟和品质。对变异后8天和12天采集的浆果进行rna测序分析，得到了高质量的转录组图谱，每种处理都具有不同的分子特征。最明显的反应发生在CI与PRI12的比较中（3,205个差异表达基因）。GO和KEGG分析一致强调了应激反应途径的激活，特别是热反应、活性氧和内质网中的蛋白质加工。PRI诱导了全面的代谢重编程，其特征是未折叠的蛋白质反应，线粒体氧化磷酸化的系统性下调，以及碳和脂质代谢的战略性再分配。关键调整包括海藻糖生物合成增强，尽管观察到花青素积累，但类黄酮生物合成基因的协同抑制，以及抗氧化叶黄素合成的选择性上调。此外，细胞壁代谢随着苯丙素途径的不同调节而广泛改变。这些发现表明，PRI触发了复杂的细胞反应，涉及蛋白质质量控制和资源保护，为优化可持续灌溉提供了分子见解，同时保持水果质量。

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引用次数: 0

Polyphenol profiling unveils time-dependent responses of grape berries to high temperature 多酚谱揭示了葡萄浆果对高温的时间依赖性反应

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114599

Xi Zhan , Josep Valls-Fonayet , Fatma Lecourieux , Ghislaine Hilbert-Masson , Adrien Daudin , Christel Renaud , Pierre Pétriacq , David Lecourieux

High temperature is a major abiotic stress that profoundly affects grape berry development and secondary metabolism. This study investigated the temporal dynamics of polyphenolic compounds in Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) and Merlot berries subjected to berry‑scale heat treatments (HT) under greenhouse conditions. HT was applied at both the herbaceous and ripening stages. Polyphenolic profiles were only marginally altered during the herbaceous stage, whereas a markedly broader response was observed during the ripening stage. In both cultivars, HT induced a characteristic “increase-then-decrease” pattern in polyphenol accumulation, with CS exhibiting an earlier onset of the induction and a more delayed decline phase than Merlot. Furthermore, transient variations in specific phenolic classes, particularly phenolic acids and flavanols, displayed distinct cultivar‑ and time‑dependent signatures under HT. Taken together, these results reveal both conserved and cultivar‑specific responses to heat stress and highlight the critical importance of high temporal resolution for capturing transient yet biologically meaningful changes in grape berry composition.

高温是影响葡萄果实发育和次生代谢的主要非生物胁迫。研究了葡萄中多酚类化合物的时间动态。赤霞珠（CS）和梅洛（Merlot）浆果在温室条件下进行浆果级热处理（HT）。在草本期和成熟期均施用HT。多酚谱仅在草本期发生轻微改变，而在成熟期观察到明显更广泛的响应。在这两个品种中，高温诱导多酚积累呈“先增加后减少”的模式，CS比梅洛表现出更早的诱导开始和更晚的衰退阶段。此外，特定酚类物质，特别是酚酸和黄烷醇的瞬时变化，在高温下表现出不同的品种和时间依赖性特征。综上所述，这些结果揭示了对热胁迫的保守反应和品种特异性反应，并强调了高时间分辨率对捕获葡萄果实成分短暂但具有生物学意义的变化的关键重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Natural variation in Solanum pimpinellifolium reveals novel QTLs for stem architecture and secondary growth in tomato 茄茎结构和次生生长的自然变异揭示了新的qtl

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114601

Maria Urrutia , Octavio Gómez-Gordo , Carmen Ruiz-Rubio , Juan Carlos Mateos del Amo , Miriam Gallardo , Patricia Segado , Antonio Heredia , Eva Domínguez , Rafael Fernández-Muñoz

This study aims at deciphering the complex genetic architecture of stem diameter variation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) through a comprehensive phenotyping across multiple developmental stages and heights using an interespecific recombinant inbred line population and introgression lines between the cultivated tomato S. lycopersicum var. ‘Moneymaker’ and the acc. ‘TO-937’ of its wild ancestor S. pimpinellifolium, exhibiting a thinner stem.

Our analysis identified twelve QTLs with different direction effects associated with stem diameter. Major loci were detected predominantly for the basal internode diameter and were validated in both single and double introgression lines. Pyramiding positive- and negative-effects wild alleles in the genetic background of cultivated tomato resulted in significant enhancement or reduction of stem diameter demonstrating the additive potential of combining same direction effects alleles. In addition, histological examinations of introgression line stems revealed that sd3.1, sd4.1, and sd11.1 QTLs influence distinct anatomical stem structures including pith size, cortex area and secondary xylem development.

Overall, the findings reveal a polygenic, multilocus regulation of stem architecture in tomato, with promising implications for breeding.

本研究旨在利用栽培番茄S. lycopersicum var. ‘ Moneymaker ’和acc之间的种间重组自交系群体和渗透系，通过对番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）多个发育阶段和高度的综合表型分析，解读番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）茎粗变异的复杂遗传结构。其野生祖先S. pinpinellifolium的‘TO-937’，茎较细。我们的分析发现了12个与茎粗相关的不同方向效应的qtl。主要基因座主要与基部节间直径有关，并在单基因和双基因渗入系中得到证实。在栽培番茄遗传背景中对正、负效应等位基因进行金字塔化处理，可以显著增大或减小番茄茎粗，显示出同方向效应等位基因组合的加性潜力。此外，对渗透系茎的组织学检查显示，sd3.1、sd4.1和sd11.1 qtl影响不同的茎解剖结构，包括髓大小、皮质面积和次生木质部发育。总的来说，这些发现揭示了番茄茎结构的多基因、多位点调控，对育种具有重要意义。

{"title":"Natural variation in Solanum pimpinellifolium reveals novel QTLs for stem architecture and secondary growth in tomato","authors":"Maria Urrutia , Octavio Gómez-Gordo , Carmen Ruiz-Rubio , Juan Carlos Mateos del Amo , Miriam Gallardo , Patricia Segado , Antonio Heredia , Eva Domínguez , Rafael Fernández-Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114601","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114601","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims at deciphering the complex genetic architecture of stem diameter variation in tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em> L.) through a comprehensive phenotyping across multiple developmental stages and heights using an interespecific recombinant inbred line population and introgression lines between the cultivated tomato <em>S. lycopersicum</em> var. ‘Moneymaker’ and the acc. ‘TO-937’ of its wild ancestor <em>S. pimpinellifolium</em>, exhibiting a thinner stem.</div><div>Our analysis identified twelve QTLs with different direction effects associated with stem diameter. Major loci were detected predominantly for the basal internode diameter and were validated in both single and double introgression lines. Pyramiding positive- and negative-effects wild alleles in the genetic background of cultivated tomato resulted in significant enhancement or reduction of stem diameter demonstrating the additive potential of combining same direction effects alleles. In addition, histological examinations of introgression line stems revealed that <em>sd3.1, sd4.1</em>, and <em>sd11.1</em> QTLs influence distinct anatomical stem structures including pith size, cortex area and secondary xylem development.</div><div>Overall, the findings reveal a polygenic, multilocus regulation of stem architecture in tomato, with promising implications for breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"356 ","pages":"Article 114601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of complementary irrigation on carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) physiology and productivity in a Mediterranean semi-arid orchard 补充灌溉对地中海半干旱果园角豆树生理和生产力的影响

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114590

Olga Doumkou , Beatriz Lorente Pagán , Carlota Mª Martí-Martínez , Jesús Mª Domínguez-Niño , Teresa Munuera-Pérez , Francisco Pedrero Salcedo

Agricultural productivity is threatened by prolonged droughts and intensified desertification caused by climate change highlighting the need for adaptive cropping systems. The carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is well-adapted to Mediterranean climates and due to its unique characteristics, is a valuable crop both economically and environmentally. In this study, irrigation was applied in a carob tree orchard under two treatments: complementary irrigation (CI) and deficit complementary irrigation (DCI). Climatic parameters such as rainfall, reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) were recorded during the two-year experiment (2023–2024). To better understand water stress, stomatal conductance, stem water potential and canopy temperature were measured. In addition, data were retrieved from sensors and dendrometers. Yield and productivity parameters, including fruit quality, were also evaluated. Results showed, that the DCI treatment showed increased production in the second year, while CI improved fruit quality. A negative correlation was found between stem water potential and both air temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Physiological measurements proved to be a precise method for monitoring the tree´s response to environmental conditions and provide valuable information for irrigation scheduling, while continuous measurements obtained using dendrometers provided good results in monitoring the water status. These findings reveal the dynamics between the environmental conditions and the physiological measurements, paving the way for new studies in understanding and planning carob irrigation aiming to prevent water stress without loss of yield.

农业生产力受到气候变化造成的长期干旱和荒漠化加剧的威胁，这突出了适应性种植系统的必要性。角豆树（Ceratonia silqua L.）很好地适应了地中海气候，由于其独特的特性，是一种经济和环境都有价值的作物。以角豆树果园为研究对象，采用补灌（CI）和亏缺补灌（DCI）两种处理进行灌溉。在2023-2024年的2年试验期间，记录了降水、参考蒸散发（ET0）和蒸汽压差（VPD）等气候参数。为了更好地了解水分胁迫，测量了气孔导度、茎水势和冠层温度。此外，还从传感器和树枝计中检索数据。产量和生产力参数，包括果实品质，也进行了评估。结果表明，DCI处理第二年产量增加，果实品质改善。茎秆水势与气温和水汽压亏缺（VPD）均呈负相关。生理测量被证明是监测树木对环境条件响应的精确方法，并为灌溉调度提供有价值的信息，而使用树木计获得的连续测量在监测水分状况方面提供了良好的结果。这些发现揭示了环境条件和生理测量之间的动态关系，为理解和规划角豆灌溉的新研究铺平了道路，旨在防止水分胁迫而不损失产量。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolomics analysis uncovered the dynamic changes and aroma characteristics of volatile metabolites in Dendrobium thyrsiflorum at different flowering stages 通过代谢组学分析，揭示了石斛不同花期挥发性代谢物的动态变化和香气特征

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114605

Yanni Yang , Xiaoshi Huang , Tao Ding , Husheng Ma , Ke Xia , Ming Liu , Zaihua Wang

The flowers of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum possess a distinctive aroma and serve as an important member of horticultural plants. Their components vary significantly at different flowering stages, thereby influencing the sensory characteristics perceived by consumers. However, systematic research on the aroma characteristics and component profiles of D. thyrsiflorum at different flowering stages has not been fully elucidated. We speculate that there is a unique spectrum of volatile metabolites in the full bloom period, which is the basis for the formation of its unique aroma. This study aims to test this hypothesis by analyzing the dynamic changes of volatile compounds. In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) combined with multivariate statistical analysis methods were used to systematically analyze the dynamic changes of volatile metabolites in D. thyrsiflorum during different flowering stages. There are 22 volatile metabolites can serve as aroma components to distinguish the full bloom stage from other stages, and five key volatile metabolites were further screened out, which jointly contributed to the unique sweet, minty, fresh, and floral aroma during this stage. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that these aromas were mainly regulated by three major synthetic pathways. Flavor metabolomics results demonstrated that compared to other developmental stages, the full bloom stage exhibits significantly more distinct and pleasant flavor characteristics. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for optimizing the flower harvesting period of D. thyrsiflorum and provides a scientific basis for its comprehensive utilization.

石斛（Dendrobium thysiflorum）的花具有独特的香气，是园艺植物的重要成员。其成分在不同花期差异显著，从而影响消费者感知的感官特征。然而，对香草花不同花期的香气特征和成分谱的系统研究尚未完全阐明。我们推测，在盛花期有一个独特的挥发性代谢物光谱，这是其独特香气形成的基础。本研究旨在通过分析挥发性化合物的动态变化来验证这一假设。本研究采用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）和多元统计分析方法，系统分析了香草花不同花期挥发性代谢物的动态变化。有22种挥发性代谢物可作为区分盛花期与其他阶段的香气成分，并进一步筛选出5种关键挥发性代谢物，共同促成了盛花期独特的甜、薄荷、鲜、花香气。KEGG富集分析表明，这些香气主要受三种主要合成途径的调控。香味代谢组学结果表明，与其他发育阶段相比，盛花期表现出更明显、更宜人的香味特征。本研究为香草花采收期优化奠定了理论基础，为其综合利用提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Organic substitution improves yield and quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum by enhancing soil quality index and nutrient accumulation 有机替代通过提高土壤质量指数和养分积累来提高花椒产量和品质

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114603

Yimeng Zhao , Faming Kong , Jingkun Zhao , Shuai Wang , Qing Peng , Zhiqi Li , Lin Yang , Zilong Bai , Haoli Jiang , Xiaojun Shi , Jie Wang

Excessive chemical fertilization leads to unsustainable Zanthoxylum bungeanum cultivation, which results in yield, quality, and soil quality decrement. Knowledge gaps regarding the effects of organic substitution on the yield and quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum require further investigation. The two-year field experiment evaluated the effects of different organic substitution ratios on Zanthoxylum bungeanum yield, quality index (ZQI), and soil quality index (SQI). Five fertilization treatments were designed, including control, farmer’s practice, optimized fertilization, and two substitution ratios replacing 20% and 40% of chemical nitrogen with organic fertilizer. The results showed that the 40% organic substitution significantly enhanced the yield and quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum by 26.14% and 124.56% respectively, compared with farmer’s practice. The M40% treatment resulted in the highest SQI, which was significantly elevated by 127.02%, compared with farmer’s practice. Analysis result of redundancy and partial least squares path showed that organic substitution positively influenced the yield and quality of Zanthoxylum bungeanum through direct improvement in soil quality (path coefficient = 0.63) and indirect increments of leaf calcium concentration (0.95), fruit potassium (0.95) and nitrogen absorption (0.93). Our study revealed the corresponding mechanisms of partial organic substitution affecting SQI changes and improving Zanthoxylum bungeanum yield and quality. In conclusion, partial organic substitution presents a practical approach to Zanthoxylum bungeanum sustainable production in Southwest China.

过量的化学施肥导致花椒种植不可持续，导致产量、品质和土壤质量下降。关于有机替代对花椒产量和品质影响的知识缺口需要进一步研究。通过为期两年的田间试验，评价了不同有机替代比例对花椒产量、品质指数（ZQI）和土壤质量指数（SQI）的影响。设计了对照、农户实践、优化施肥和有机肥替代20%和40%化学氮两种替代比例的5种施肥处理。结果表明，与农户做法相比，40%有机替代显著提高花椒产量和品质，分别提高26.14%和124.56%。M40%处理的SQI最高，比农民处理显著提高了127.02%。冗余和偏最小二乘路径分析结果表明，有机替代通过直接改善土壤质量（路径系数= 0.63）和间接增加叶片钙浓度（0.95）、果实钾（0.95）和氮吸收（0.93）对花椒产量和品质产生正向影响。本研究揭示了部分有机取代影响花椒SQI变化、提高花椒产量和品质的相应机制。综上所述，部分有机替代是实现西南花椒可持续生产的可行途径。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term assessment of morphological and chemical diversity of landrace and bred almond cultivars for industrial applications 地方品种和工业用品种形态和化学多样性的长期评价

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114608

Alejandro Calle , Jaume Gelabert , Agustí Romero , Xavier Miarnau , Ignasi Batlle , Federico Dicenta , Pedro José Martínez-García , Leontina Lipan

Almonds exhibit extensive genetic and phenotypic diversity, enabling their use across a wide range of applications. This diversity underscores the importance of evaluating almond germplasm for morphological, colorimetric, chemical, and nutritional traits to identify unique differences at a cultivar level and link them to potential technological uses. In this study, the kernel phenotypic diversity of 35 almond cultivars, including rarely planted traditional cultivars, which primarily serve as sources of genetic variation, and modern breeding cultivars, was assessed. The evaluations were performed for 41 parameters over a 15-year period. According to the results, traditional landrace cultivars often exhibited more extreme values for morphological and chemical traits, while breeding cultivars showed intermediate characteristics with less noticeable variations. Additionally, we also identified notable patterns of correlation between the measured traits. And finally, we discuss the most suitable industrial applications for the studied cultivars based on standard recommendations for each use.

杏仁表现出广泛的遗传和表型多样性，使其能够在广泛的应用中使用。这种多样性强调了评估杏仁种质的形态、比色、化学和营养性状的重要性，以确定品种水平上的独特差异，并将其与潜在的技术利用联系起来。本研究对35个杏仁品种（主要作为遗传变异来源的传统品种和现代育种品种）的籽粒表型多样性进行了评价。在15年的时间里，对41个参数进行了评估。结果表明，传统地方品种在形态和化学性状上往往表现出更极端的值，而育种品种则表现出中间特征，差异不明显。此外，我们还发现了测量性状之间显著的相关模式。最后，根据不同用途的标准建议，讨论了所研究品种最适合的工业应用。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancement of nutritional, flavor, and phenolic properties of hydroponically grown basil (Ocimum basilicum) through modification of nutrient solution composition 通过修改营养液组成来提高水培罗勒的营养、风味和酚性

IF 4.2 2区农林科学 Q1 HORTICULTURE

Scientia Horticulturae

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114549

Da Hye Ryu , Jwa Yeong Cho , Muhammad Hamayun , Jai-Eok Park , Chu Won Nho , Ho-Youn Kim

Basil is a widely consumed vegetable valued for both its culinary and medicinal properties. However, its naturally high potassium content can be problematic for individuals with impaired kidney function and related diseases. To produce low‑potassium basil by modifying the nutrient solution composition, basil cultivation was conducted under the hydroponic system in closed plant factory. We evaluated four treatments (N1K1, N1K0, N2K2, and N2K0) for their effects on basil growth, volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles, and antioxidant capacity (via ABTS assay) and conducted one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test and Student’s t-test (using N1K1 as the control) to assess significant differences. After 21 days, all long‑term treatments increased plant biomass and significantly raised eugenol and other VOC levels compared to the control. Notably, the N1K0 treatment significantly enhanced total phenolic and rosmarinic acid content, achieving the highest ABTS activity. This approach offers a novel strategy for producing low‑potassium basil, while also improving yield and functional quality.

罗勒是一种广泛食用的蔬菜，因其烹饪和药用价值而受到重视。然而，它天然的高钾含量可能会对肾功能受损和相关疾病的个体造成问题。为了通过改变营养液组成来生产低钾罗勒，在封闭植物工厂的水培系统下进行了罗勒栽培。我们评估了四种处理（N1K1、N1K0、N2K2和N2K0）对罗勒生长、挥发性有机化合物（VOC）谱和抗氧化能力的影响（通过ABTS试验），并进行了单向方差分析（ANOVA），随后进行了Duncan 's多范围检验和Student 's t检验（以N1K1为对照），以评估显著性差异。21天后，与对照组相比，所有长期处理均增加了植物生物量，并显著提高了丁香酚和其他VOC水平。N1K0处理显著提高了总酚和迷迭香酸含量，ABTS活性最高。这种方法为生产低钾罗勒提供了一种新的策略，同时也提高了产量和功能质量。

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