Sensors and Actuators A-physical最新文献_第4页

Nanoarchstructured MoS2-based strain sensor with exceptional gauge factor 基于纳米拱形结构 MoS2 的应变传感器具有优异的测量系数

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116050

Hyeji Park , Jaeseo Park , Sang-Woo Kang , Soo-Hwan Jeong

Two-dimensional (2D) MoS₂, part of the transition metal dichalcogenides family, has emerged as a promising candidate for wearable strain sensors owing to its unique attributes, including mechanical flexibility, low toxicity, tunable and high electrical properties. MoS₂-based sensors exhibit higher gauge factors (∼760 for monocrystalline, ∼56.5 for polycrystalline) and a lower limit of detection than conventional metal sensors. We report an advanced strain sensor with ultra-high sensitivity to minute deformations, exploiting a three-dimensional nanostructured-2D MoS₂ (3DN-MoS₂) with an arch-like configuration. The nanoarchstructured MoS₂-based strain sensor (NaM-SS) achieves exceptional gauge factors, exceeding 1500 for tensile strain, using 3DN-MoS₂ sensing material in conjunction with a poly-dimethylsiloxane support. This piezo-resistive sensor, fabricated through an eco-friendly and straightforward process, exhibits remarkable gauge factors at three levels: 1500 (ε < 0.55 %), 13,500 (0.55 %< ε ≤ 0.75 %), and 37,000 (0.75 % < ε ≤ 1.2 %). The sensor’s limit of detection stands at a subtle tensile strain ε of 0.02 %. Furthermore, its feasibility is validated by its ability to monitor various human physical motions, including eye blinking, blood pulsation, and muscle activity. Our findings indicate significant potential for precision strain sensors in applications requiring ultra-high sensitivity, such as detecting subtle biomedical signals, meticulous machinery control, and structural health monitoring.

二维（2D）MoS2 属于过渡金属二钙化族，由于其独特的属性，包括机械灵活性、低毒性、可调性和高电性能，已成为可穿戴应变传感器的理想候选材料。与传统金属传感器相比，基于 MoS2 的传感器具有更高的测量系数（单晶为 760，多晶为 56.5）和更低的检测限。我们报告了一种对微小变形具有超高灵敏度的先进应变传感器，它利用了具有拱形结构的三维纳米结构二维 MoS2（3DN-MoS2）。这种基于纳米拱形结构 MoS2 的应变传感器（NaM-SS）使用 3DN-MoS2 传感材料和聚二甲基硅氧烷支撑物，实现了超高的测量系数，拉伸应变测量系数超过 1500。这种压阻式传感器采用环保、简便的工艺制作而成，在三个水平上表现出卓越的测量系数：1500（ε < 0.55 %）、13500（0.55 % < ε ≤ 0.75 %）和 37000（0.75 % < ε ≤ 1.2 %）。传感器的检测极限为 0.02 % 的微小拉伸应变 ε。此外，它还能监测各种人体物理运动，包括眨眼、血液脉动和肌肉活动，从而验证了其可行性。我们的研究结果表明，精密应变传感器在需要超高灵敏度的应用中具有巨大潜力，例如检测微妙的生物医学信号、精细机械控制和结构健康监测。

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引用次数: 0

Translational and rotational drives of micro-droplets of nematic liquid crystal with chiral dopant 带有手性掺杂剂的向列液晶微滴的平移和旋转驱动力

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116033

Tomohiro Tsuji

The translational and rotational control of liquid crystal micro-droplets by electric fields has been explored for the future use in MEMS and lab-on-a-chip devices. The liquid crystal droplets are generated by the phase transition process of a liquid crystalline material, 4-n-4’-pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB), from the isotropic to the nematic phase, and are thus suspended in the isotropic phase of 5CB. The addition of a chiral dopant to 5CB induces the symmetry breaking of the molecular orientation configuration within the droplet, leading to the formation of helical molecular orientation configurations. The helical configuration of the molecular orientation field is the key to enabling the translational and rotational drives of the droplet. Under electric fields, the translational drive of the droplets occurs in a direction perpendicular to both the electric field and the helical axis, and the rotational drive of the droplets occurs to align the helical axis perpendicular to the electric field. Finally, we propose the method for 2D and 3D manipulation of the droplets by combining the translational and rotational drives.

我们探索了通过电场控制液晶微滴的平移和旋转，以便将来用于微机电系统（MEMS）和片上实验室设备。液晶微滴是由液晶材料 4-n-4'-pentylcyanobiphenyl (5CB) 从各向同性相到向列性相的相变过程产生的，因此悬浮在 5CB 的各向同性相中。在 5CB 中加入手性掺杂剂会导致液滴内分子取向构型的对称性破坏，从而形成螺旋分子取向构型。分子取向场的螺旋构型是实现液滴平移和旋转驱动的关键。在电场作用下，液滴的平移驱动力发生在垂直于电场和螺旋轴的方向上，而液滴的旋转驱动力则发生在使螺旋轴垂直于电场的方向上。最后，我们提出了将平移驱动和旋转驱动结合起来对液滴进行二维和三维操纵的方法。

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引用次数: 0

A batch-fabricated high-density flexible coil enabled by low-temperature bonding technique 利用低温粘接技术批量制造高密度柔性线圈

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116060

Zhifei Wang , Xinyi Wang , Qinghong Zhang, Weitao Dou, Yisen Gao, Shudong Wang, Yunjia Li

In this work, a high-density flexible coil (HFC) is designed and fabricated by stacking and bonding multiple layers of thin flexible coils. A batch fabrication process of the HFC is developed based on a low-temperature gold compression bonding technique. A Cu-Ni-Au electrode-dummy structure is implemented to realize simultaneous electrical connection and mechanical bonding between the flexible coil layers. A proof-of-concept HFC demonstrator is batch-fabricated by bonding process with temperature of 200℃ and pressure of 8 MPa. The fabricated HFC includes 500 turns of coil within a volume of 10 mm×10 mm×0.72 mm, enabling high-coil density with miniaturized footprint. The structural, electrical, and mechanical properties of the HFC are systematically characterized and discussed.

在这项工作中，通过堆叠和粘合多层薄柔性线圈，设计并制造了一种高密度柔性线圈（HFC）。基于低温金压接合技术，开发了一种批量制造 HFC 的工艺。采用铜-镍-金电偶结构实现了柔性线圈层之间的电气连接和机械粘合。通过温度为 200℃、压力为 8 兆帕的粘接工艺，批量制造出了概念验证型 HFC 演示器。制成的 HFC 包括 500 匝线圈，体积为 10 mm×10 mm×0.72 mm，实现了高线圈密度和小型化。对 HFC 的结构、电气和机械性能进行了系统的描述和讨论。

引用次数: 0

High cycle performance of twisted and coiled polymer actuators 扭曲和盘绕聚合物致动器的高循环性能

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116041

Samuel Tsai , Qiong Wang , Ohnyoung Hur , Michael D. Bartlett , William P. King , Sameh Tawfick

Twisted and coiled polymer actuators (TCPA), also known as coiled artificial muscles, are gaining popularity in soft robotics due to their large contractile actuation and work capacity. However, while it has been previously claimed that the stroke of TCPA remains stable after thousands of cycles, their absolute length change has not been rigorously studied. Here, we constructed an isobaric cycling setup that relies on fast heating and cooling by water immersion. This enables testing for 10k cycles in a duration of 56 hours, where the muscle temperature is varied between 15 °C and 75 °C at a rate of 20 seconds per cycle. Surprisingly, while the stroke usually remains unchanged for the entire 10k cycles as previously claimed, the final muscle loaded length exhibits all the geometrical possibilities of creep behavior as it can remain unchanged, elongate (creep), or contract (reverse creep) at the end of the test. Based on a wide range of experiments, we derived an empirical law which captures the observed relationship between the final muscle length change

Δ L

, the stroke

α

, and the passive strain

ε_{0}

:

ε_{0} + α = Δ L

. Using this relation, the final length change of the muscle can be predicted from the first 100 cycles only. We show that polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), which does not swell in water, and nylon, which swells, follow this empirical law by testing in water with and without a protective coating, respectively. These results offer practical design guidelines for predictive actuation over thousands of cycles.

扭曲盘绕聚合物致动器（TCPA）又称盘绕人工肌肉，因其具有较大的收缩致动和做功能力，在软机器人领域越来越受欢迎。然而，虽然之前有人声称 TCPA 的冲程在数千次循环后仍保持稳定，但其绝对长度变化尚未得到严格研究。在这里，我们构建了一个等压循环装置，该装置依靠水浸快速加热和冷却。这样就能在 56 小时内进行 10K 次循环测试，肌肉温度在 15 °C 和 75 °C 之间变化，每次循环 20 秒。令人惊讶的是，虽然冲程通常在整个 10k 周期内保持不变，但最终的肌肉加载长度却表现出蠕变行为的所有几何可能性，因为它可以保持不变、拉长（蠕变）或在测试结束时收缩（反向蠕变）。根据大量实验，我们得出了一条经验法则，它捕捉到了观察到的最终肌肉长度变化 ΔL、冲程 α 和被动应变 ε0 之间的关系：ε0+α=ΔL。利用这一关系，只需前 100 个循环就能预测肌肉的最终长度变化。通过分别在有保护层和无保护层的水中进行测试，我们发现在水中不膨胀的聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）和会膨胀的尼龙都遵循了这一经验法则。这些结果为预测数千次循环的致动提供了实用的设计指南。

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引用次数: 0

Textured ferroelectric ceramics based 1–3 piezoelectric composite for photoacoustic imaging 基于 1-3 种压电复合材料的纹理铁电陶瓷，用于光声成像

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116030

Zhiqing Zhang , Zhiguo Wang , Shuai Yang , Fei Li , Qingqing Ke

The quality of ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging primarily depends on the performance of piezoelectric transducer elements, which is closely related to the acoustic and electrical properties of piezoelectric materials. With the increasing demand for high-performance, low-cost piezoelectric materials, a high-temperature-resistant <001>-textured ferroelectric ceramic Pb(In_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃-Pb(Sc_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃-PbTiO₃ (PIN-PSN-PT) has been developed. In recent years, low-cost textured ceramic materials have exhibited high piezoelectric constants (d₃₃) and large electromechanical coupling coefficients (k_t). In this study, an ultrasonic transducer based on PIN-PSN-PT textured ceramic was successfully manufactured for the first time. The transducer has a center frequency of 4.7 MHz, −6 dB bandwidth of 60 %, effective k_t of 0.76, and two-way insertion loss (IL) of −34 dB. Photoacoustic imaging experiments on carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) were conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and imaging quality of the transducer. The results indicate that the use of PIN-PSN-PT textured ceramics holds great potential in developing acoustic sensors for photoacoustic non-destructive testing applications.

超声波和光声成像的质量主要取决于压电换能器元件的性能，而压电换能器元件的性能与压电材料的声学和电学特性密切相关。随着对高性能、低成本压电材料的需求不断增加，一种耐高温 <001>纹理铁电陶瓷 Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PSN-PT) 已被开发出来。近年来，低成本的纹理陶瓷材料表现出较高的压电常数（d33）和较大的机电耦合系数（kt）。本研究首次成功制造了基于 PIN-PSN-PT 纹理陶瓷的超声波换能器。该换能器的中心频率为 4.7 MHz，-6 dB 带宽为 60%，有效 kt 为 0.76，双向插入损耗 (IL) 为 -34 dB。对碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）进行了光声成像实验，以评估传感器的灵敏度和成像质量。结果表明，使用 PIN-PSN-PT 纹理陶瓷在开发光声无损检测应用的声传感器方面具有巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Charge capturing effects of boron nitride nanosheets on enhanced triboelectric properties of polyimide nanocomposite films in a conductor-to-dielectric mode 氮化硼纳米片在导体-介电模式下对增强聚酰亚胺纳米复合薄膜三电性能的电荷捕获效应

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116054

Shinwoo Lee, Jun-Hyeop Lee, Jongho Moon, Ye-Rin Shin, Gyeong-Ig Hwang, Young Gyu Jeong

Dielectric composite materials play a crucial role in the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) by influencing charge storage and transfer capabilities. In this study, we investigate the influence of boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) on the triboelectric properties of polyimide (PI)-based dielectric nanocomposite films within a TENG setup employing a conductor-to-dielectric configuration and a contact-separation mode. To achieve this, we manufactured PI/BNNS nanocomposite films containing 1–10 wt% BNNS with a thickness of ∼14.67 nm via a solution casting method, followed by thermal imidization. Thermogravimetric characterization revealed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites improved with increasing BNNS content. Additionally, the triboelectric performance of the PI/BNNS films, used as the negative friction layer, was enhanced due to the electron-trapping capabilities at the BNNS-PI interface. Among the samples, the nanocomposite film containing 5 wt% BNNS exhibited the most significant triboelectric output, generating a voltage of ∼4.0 V and a current of ∼426.4 nA. Moreover, the triboelectric AC output generated by the TENG using PI/BNNS nanocomposite films was successfully rectified into DC signals and subsequently stored in microcapacitors. This capability highlights the significant potential of PI/BNNS nanocomposite films for energy harvesting and storage applications, further supporting their suitability for integration into advanced flexible energy devices.

电介质复合材料通过影响电荷存储和传输能力，在三电纳米发电机（TENG）的性能中发挥着至关重要的作用。在本研究中，我们研究了氮化硼纳米片（BNNS）对聚酰亚胺（PI）基介电纳米复合薄膜的三电性能的影响，该薄膜在 TENG 设置中采用了导体对介电配置和接触分离模式。为此，我们通过溶液浇铸法制造了含 1-10 wt% BNNS 的 PI/BNNS 纳米复合薄膜，厚度为 14.67 nm。热重分析表明，纳米复合材料的热稳定性随着 BNNS 含量的增加而提高。此外，由于 BNNS-PI 界面的电子捕获能力，用作负摩擦层的 PI/BNNS 薄膜的三电性能得到了提高。在这些样品中，含有 5 wt% BNNS 的纳米复合薄膜的三电输出最为显著，可产生 4.0 V 的电压和 426.4 nA 的电流。此外，使用 PI/BNNS 纳米复合薄膜的 TENG 所产生的三电交流输出被成功地整流为直流信号，并随后存储在微型电容器中。这一功能凸显了 PI/BNNS 纳米复合薄膜在能量收集和存储应用方面的巨大潜力，进一步证明了它们适合集成到先进的柔性能源设备中。

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引用次数: 0

A novel label free electrochemical aptasensor based on poly(anthranilic acid-co-aniline) for detection of miRNA-155, a cancer biomarker 基于聚(蒽酸-苯胺)的新型无标记电化学适配器，用于检测癌症生物标记物 miRNA-155

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116053

Zahra Aghaei , Ali Ghaffarinejad

Traditional electrochemical biosensors often rely on expensive materials like gold nanoparticles within their electrode structures. In contrast to existing methods, this research introduces a novel, groundbreaking, label-free aptasensor. This sensor comprises simple and inexpensive materials, making it accessible and budget-conscious. It boasts exceptional sensitivity, allowing for the identification of leukemia cancer biomarker (miRNA-155) in its early stages. The proposed aptasensor consisted of a copolymer of poly anthranilic acid and polyaniline on the graphite sheet, in which the receptor of miRNA-155 was self-assembled on the copolymer. The substrate of receptors has benefits, including high electrical conductivity, excellent stability, good biocompatibility, and simple synthesis. The important variables affecting the adequacy of the designed aptasensor were examined in the presence of [Fe(CN)₆]^3-/4- as a redox probe. The proposed aptasensor was successfully used in human blood plasma. Due to the ease of preparation, cost, and time effectiveness, the proposed aptasensor is promising for mass production. Finally, at optimum conditions, the sensor exhibited a linear response within a concentration range of 0.1 nM to 1 aM with a detection limit of 1 aM.

传统的电化学生物传感器通常依赖于昂贵的材料，如电极结构中的金纳米粒子。与现有方法不同的是，这项研究引入了一种新颖、突破性的无标记传感器。这种传感器由简单而廉价的材料组成，使其易于使用并具有预算意识。它具有极高的灵敏度，可在早期阶段识别白血病癌症生物标志物（miRNA-155）。拟议的灵敏传感器由石墨片上的聚蒽酸和聚苯胺共聚物组成，其中 miRNA-155 的受体自组装在共聚物上。受体基质具有导电性强、稳定性好、生物相容性好、合成简单等优点。在[Fe(CN)6]3-/4-作为氧化还原探针的情况下，研究了影响所设计的适配传感器适当性的重要变量。所提出的适配传感器成功地应用于人体血浆中。由于制备简单、成本低、时间短，该传感器有望大规模生产。最后，在最佳条件下，传感器在 0.1 nM 至 1 aM 的浓度范围内呈线性响应，检测限为 1 aM。

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引用次数: 0

Self-powered wireless sensing system with cylindrical high voltage side electric field energy harvesting by discharge circuit 利用放电电路采集圆柱形高压侧电场能量的自供电无线传感系统

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116047

Ke Zhou , Xiaoming Wang , Lu Wang , Congsheng Duan , Ying Zhang , Libo Zhao , Ryutaro Maeda

To warn of overcurrent heating, temperature wireless sensor node (WSN) need to be deployed on the overhead lines of the power grid. The sustainable power supply of WSN is difficult. Using the electric field energy around the transmission line to power the sensor has the advantages of stability, reliability and sustainability, but the electric field energy harvesting (EFEH) power need to be improved. This paper studies the principle of energy harvesting by displacement current and discharge method, and analyzes the influencing factors of the output power of the EFEH unit. The power improvement method of the EFEH unit is proposed by improving the coupling capacitor and the energy storage capacity discharge voltage. The relationship between the structural parameters of energy cylinder and induced potential and coupling capacitance is explored by COMSOL simulation software. A low-cost, self-driven and adjustable high voltage undervoltage lock (UVLO) circuit is proposed. A 10 kV high voltage generation platform is built in the laboratory, and the wireless temperature and humidity sensor is self-powered by the EFEH with power of 2.04 mW. This research has important theoretical and application value for the high voltage side EFEH powered WSN.

为了发出过电流加热警报，需要在电网的架空线路上部署温度无线传感器节点（WSN）。WSN 的持续供电非常困难。利用输电线路周围的电场能为传感器供电具有稳定性、可靠性和可持续性等优点，但电场能采集（EFEH）功率有待提高。本文研究了位移电流和放电法能量收集的原理，分析了电场能量收集装置输出功率的影响因素。提出了通过改进耦合电容器和储能容量放电电压来提高 EFEH 单元功率的方法。利用 COMSOL 仿真软件探讨了能量筒结构参数与感应电动势和耦合电容之间的关系。提出了一种低成本、自驱动和可调节的高压欠压锁定（UVLO）电路。在实验室中搭建了一个 10 kV 的高压发生平台，无线温湿度传感器由 EFEH 自供电，功率为 2.04 mW。这项研究对于高压侧 EFEH 供电的 WSN 具有重要的理论和应用价值。

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引用次数: 0

Detection of matrix cracks in composite laminates using embedded fiber-optic distributed strain sensing 利用嵌入式光纤分布式应变传感技术检测复合材料层压板中的基体裂纹

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116039

Yukino Ikeda , Shin-ichi Takeda , Shinsaku Hisada , Toshio Ogasawara

We used an optical frequency-domain reflectometry fiber Bragg grating (FBG) distributed strain measurement system to detect matrix cracks in carbon fiber-reinforced plastics. Load/unload tests were performed on cross-ply laminates under ambient-, high-, and low-temperature conditions using embedded 100 mm gauge FBG sensors. We measured the strain distributed along the gauge and examined the crack initiation using optical microscopy and soft X-ray inspection. A peak appeared in the distributed strain corresponding to the occurrence of cracks. The strain distribution during crack initiation was calculated in each temperature range via finite element analysis and compared with the measurement results. We determined that the number and location of cracks can be determined by extracting the peaks from the distributed strain. However, the peaks in the distributed strain do not correspond to the occurrence of cracks that are close to each other, warranting a measurement method with a higher strain resolution.

我们使用光学频域反射测量光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）分布式应变测量系统来检测碳纤维增强塑料中的基体裂纹。在环境、高温和低温条件下，使用嵌入式 100 毫米量规 FBG 传感器对交叉层压板进行了加载/卸载测试。我们测量了沿量规分布的应变，并使用光学显微镜和软 X 射线检测仪检查了裂纹的产生。分布应变中出现了一个峰值，与裂纹的出现相对应。我们通过有限元分析计算了每个温度范围内裂纹萌发时的应变分布，并与测量结果进行了比较。我们发现，通过提取分布应变的峰值，可以确定裂纹的数量和位置。然而，分布应变的峰值并不对应于相互靠近的裂纹的出现，因此需要采用应变分辨率更高的测量方法。

引用次数: 0

Ag@MXene-cellulose nanofiber composite for electromagnetic interference shielding, sensing, and actuating 用于电磁干扰屏蔽、传感和致动的 Ag@MXene 纤维素纳米纤维复合材料

IF 4.1 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2024.116045

Kaihuai Yang , Sitong Zeng , Peidi Zhou , Min Ding , Junjie Lin , Heng Hu , Qiaohang Guo , Mingcen Weng

With the development of flexible electronic devices, the development of flexible and multi-functional materials becomes increasingly important. In this study, we prepared Ag@MXene-cellulose nanofiber (AMC) multi-functional composites with a three-dimensional (3D) conductive network structure, which can be used for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, pressure sensing, and actuating. AMC has good electrical conductivity (18.04 S cm⁻¹) and EMI shielding effectiveness (37.7 dB). The microstructure of the AMC surface gives it the potential to be applied in the pressure sensor. AMC is humidity-sensitive and has excellent electrical/photo-thermal conversion properties. Thus, AMC can be used to fabricate humidity-driven actuators and electrical/light-driven actuators. Finally, three multi-functional devices/systems have been carefully designed to achieve the fabrication of multi-functional devices/systems that rely on only one raw material, which significantly simplifies the preparation of multi-functional devices. We hope this research will open up new ways for artificial muscles, soft robots, and EMI shielding devices.

随着柔性电子设备的发展，柔性多功能材料的开发变得越来越重要。本研究制备了具有三维（3D）导电网络结构的 Ag@MXene - 纤维素纳米纤维（AMC）多功能复合材料，可用于电磁干扰（EMI）屏蔽、压力传感和执行。AMC 具有良好的导电性（18.04 S cm-1）和电磁干扰屏蔽效果（37.7 dB）。AMC 表面的微观结构使其具有应用于压力传感器的潜力。AMC 对湿度敏感，具有出色的电/光热转换特性。因此，AMC 可用于制造湿度驱动致动器和电/光驱动致动器。最后，我们还精心设计了三种多功能器件/系统，实现了仅依靠一种原材料就能制造出多功能器件/系统，大大简化了多功能器件的制备过程。我们希望这项研究能为人工肌肉、软机器人和电磁干扰屏蔽装置开辟新的途径。

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引用次数: 0