Sensors and Actuators A-physical最新文献_第5页

Study of active-matrix high-power transistor design for electrical stimulation 电刺激有源矩阵大功率晶体管设计研究

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117441

Joonghyun Kim , Jeonghun Lee , Jiwon Chae , Dongsu Kim , Goeun Pyo , Su Jin Heo , Junggyun Jang , Heechang Park , Hongki Kang , Hyuk-Jun Kwon , Jae Eun Jang

Among various methods for generating artificial tactile sensations, a haptic device that employs electrical stimulation has attracted significant attention due to its high potential for realizing hyper-realistic touch. Considering the high skin impedance and the dense population of tactile receptors in the fingers, achieving a high-resolution electrode design with high-power operation and a flexible form-factor is required. In this study, an electrical stimulation haptic device employing a high-power transistor with an active matrix (AM) design on a flexible substrate was demonstrated. We optimized parameters for the thin-film transistor (TFT) employing Indium-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide (IGZO) to sustain biphasic signal conditions as well as high power driving for electrical stimulation and its compatibility with low-process temperature for flexible form-factor. In order to secure the operating range of the driving TFT, the skin resistance value was measured based on the actual electrical stimulation waveform and confirmed to be 20–30 kΩ on average. The resulting device achieved a spatial resolution of 64 channels within a 1 cm² area. To achieve high drain current of TFT, a comb-shaped design of source and drain was suggested. The TFT can transfer high biphasic voltage (∼±50 V) with high simulation current (>10 mA). Therefore, the electrical stimulation device with high electrode density can supply sufficient power with wide bipolar stimulus signal swings stably for finger skin stimulation and various human interface devices.

在产生人工触觉的各种方法中，利用电刺激的触觉装置因其具有实现超逼真触觉的巨大潜力而备受关注。考虑到高皮肤阻抗和手指中密集的触觉感受器，需要实现具有高功率操作和灵活形状因素的高分辨率电极设计。在本研究中，展示了一种在柔性衬底上采用有源矩阵（AM）设计的大功率晶体管的电刺激触觉装置。我们优化了采用铟镓锌氧化物（IGZO）的薄膜晶体管（TFT）的参数，以维持双相信号条件，以及用于电刺激的高功率驱动，以及它与低工艺温度的兼容性，以实现灵活的形状因素。为了确定驱动TFT的工作范围，根据实际电刺激波形测量皮肤电阻值，确定皮肤电阻值平均为20-30 kΩ。该装置在1 cm²区域内实现了64通道的空间分辨率。为了实现高漏极电流，提出了一种梳状源漏极设计。TFT可以传输高双相电压（~±50 V）和高模拟电流（>10 mA）。因此，具有高电极密度的电刺激装置可以为手指皮肤刺激和各种人机界面装置提供足够的功率和稳定的宽双极刺激信号波动。

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引用次数: 0

Flexible parylene-based memristors: Electrophysical properties and applications in neuromorphic systems 柔性聚苯乙烯基记忆电阻器：电物理特性及其在神经形态系统中的应用

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117437

Georgii A. Yuklyaevskikh , Boris S. Shvetsov , Andrey V. Emelyanov , Anna N. Matsukatova , Vladimir V. Rylkov , Pavel K. Kashkarov , Vyacheslav A. Demin

The development of reliable memory devices on flexible substrates is vital for wearable electronics with bio-inspired computing capabilities. This work presents a comprehensive experimental study of parylene-based memristors fabricated on flexible polyethylene naphthalate substrates, focusing on the impact of mechanical bending deformations on resistive switching (RS) characteristics. The bending test methodologies included in-situ investigation under constant mechanical stress (constant-curvature mode) and analysis after cyclic bending in undeformed state (deformation-free mode). The current-voltage characteristics demonstrate stability of resistive switching and its key parameters (e.g., set and reset voltages, R_ON and R_OFF resistances in the low and high resistive states, respectively) for the bending radius down to 0.5 cm. Importantly, the intermediate resistive states stabilize at each bending level, enabling precise analog control. The devices also support biologically plausible spike-timing-dependent plasticity learning protocol. In addition, the possibility of flexible memristor implementation in neural networks for pattern recognition was analyzed. This study provides an experimental understanding of RS characteristics under mechanical deformations and allows the use of parylene memristors as a reliable circuit element for flexible neuromorphic electronics.

在柔性基板上开发可靠的存储器件对于具有生物启发计算能力的可穿戴电子产品至关重要。本文对柔性聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯基基记忆电阻器进行了综合实验研究，重点研究了机械弯曲变形对电阻开关（RS）特性的影响。弯曲试验方法包括恒定机械应力（恒定曲率模式）下的原位调查和未变形状态（无变形模式）下循环弯曲后的分析。在弯曲半径为0.5 cm时，电阻开关及其关键参数（如设置电压和复位电压，分别为低阻和高阻状态下的RON和ROFF电阻）的稳定性。重要的是，中间电阻状态稳定在每个弯曲水平，使精确的模拟控制。这些设备还支持生物学上合理的峰值时间依赖的可塑性学习协议。此外，分析了柔性忆阻器在神经网络中实现模式识别的可能性。本研究提供了机械变形下RS特性的实验理解，并允许使用聚对二甲苯忆阻器作为柔性神经形态电子器件的可靠电路元件。

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引用次数: 0

A multiplexed, multi-analyte physiologic status monitoring biochip for hemorrhagic shock: A multiphysics approach toward design optimization 一种用于失血性休克的多路、多分析物生理状态监测生物芯片：设计优化的多物理场方法

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117438

John R. Aggas , Anthony Guiseppi-Elie

Hemorrhagic shock remains a leading cause of early trauma-related death and requires early deployment of rapid, real-time physiological monitoring techniques. We present a computationally validated, miniaturized implantable biochip capable of multiplexed sensing of five analytes—glucose, lactate, pH, potassium, and oxygen—relevant to hemorrhagic trauma. Using microfabricated platforms with three electrode geometries (MDEA, IME, MDE), each sensor was modeled and optimized via COMSOL Multiphysics® and validated against experimental data. Each sensor was characterized for its sensitivity, response time, limit of detection, and linear range. In-silico optimization of each sensor modality in terms of performance and chemical/electrical crosstalk resulted in a 35 % reduction in the geometric footprint of the biochip. The study demonstrates a viable multi-physics approach for sensor design and development, offering utility for trauma related triage and organ transplant situations.

失血性休克仍然是早期创伤相关死亡的主要原因，需要尽早部署快速、实时的生理监测技术。我们提出了一种计算验证的、小型化的植入式生物芯片，能够多路感应与出血性创伤相关的五种分析物——葡萄糖、乳酸、pH、钾和氧。使用具有三种电极几何形状（MDEA， IME， MDE）的微制造平台，通过COMSOL Multiphysics®对每个传感器进行建模和优化，并根据实验数据进行验证。每个传感器的特点是其灵敏度，响应时间，检测限和线性范围。在性能和化学/电气串扰方面，每种传感器模式的硅内优化导致生物芯片的几何足迹减少了35% %。该研究为传感器的设计和开发提供了一种可行的多物理场方法，为创伤相关的分诊和器官移植情况提供了实用价值。

引用次数: 0

Dynamic separation of gases using microsieves 用微筛进行气体动态分离

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117439

Jiyoung Son, Gabriel D. Parker, Xiao-Ying Yu

Separation of light weight molecules, such as nitrogen, argon, and oxygen, from heavier compounds can have significant impacts on energy capture, environmental monitoring, or isotopic applications. Large-scale gas separation techniques, like gas centrifugation and membrane mitigation, can be problematic as they impart tremendous energy and induce high mechanical stress onto the instrumentation. Microsieves, also known as micronozzles or microfunnels, are developed to create physical barriers to separate specific isotopes and gases. Separation is achieved using a converging and diverging micronozzle to impose supersonic gas flow around a curved wall, and it has been used for the separation of heavy actinide isotopes in low weight gas as well as separation of low weight gas compositions of nitrogen and argon back in 1900s. However, systematic reviews of this unique technology are lacking. The application of the Laval style nozzle, which has a converging/diverging entrance fundamental to the micronozzle, is included in this review due to its importance in industrial applications in uranium (U) isotope refinement. Using advanced computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations, the extent of gas separation can be modelled. Herein, we first examine the literature and survey recent advances on fabrication techniques for creating curved micronozzles, methods and separation principles used to design devices. We then follow with highlights of CFD simulations applied to evaluate the separation effects using microsieves. Finally, identification of the gap and recommendation for future development and applications are suggested for using intrinsic molecular features and fluidic dynamics in formulating separation strategies.

从较重的化合物中分离轻分子，如氮、氩和氧，可以对能量捕获、环境监测或同位素应用产生重大影响。大型气体分离技术，如气体离心和膜缓释，可能会产生问题，因为它们会传递巨大的能量，并对仪器产生高机械应力。微筛，也被称为微喷嘴或微漏斗，用于制造物理屏障来分离特定的同位素和气体。分离是通过汇聚和分散的微喷嘴在弯曲壁上施加超音速气体流动来实现的，早在20世纪90年代，它就被用于分离低质量气体中的重锕系元素同位素，以及分离低质量气体中氮和氩的成分。然而，缺乏对这种独特技术的系统评论。由于其在铀(U)同位素精炼工业应用中的重要性，本文介绍了以微喷嘴为基础的拉瓦尔式喷嘴的应用。利用先进的计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟，可以模拟气体分离的程度。在本文中，我们首先研究了文献并调查了制造弯曲微喷嘴的制造技术，用于设计设备的方法和分离原理的最新进展。然后，我们重点介绍了用于评估微筛分离效果的CFD模拟。最后，对利用分子内在特征和流体动力学制定分离策略提出了不足之处，并对未来的发展和应用提出了建议。

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引用次数: 0

Luminescence mining via energy transfer upconversion and anti-Stokes emission in Er, Yb: LiYF4: Thermometry and NIR detection applications Er， Yb: LiYF4中能量转移上转换和反stokes发射的发光开采：测温和近红外探测应用

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117436

M. Siva Kumar , Sushree Bedamati , R. Arun Kumar , M. Ramudu , Mitrabhanu Behera , Przemyslaw Wozny , Marcin Runowski

Background

The research on luminescence thermometry is mobilizing rapidly due to its advantages. Especially rare-earth-doped phosphors attract more attention with their efficiency in luminescence. Yb/Er co-doped LiYF₄ has strong ability in luminescence, and owing to its distinct material properties, it is studied for thermometry as well as radiation detection. The advantages of optical thermometry are realized for precise temperature measurements where conventional techniques fail. In addition, near-infrared detection has gained importance to avoid eye accidents.

Method

An eco-friendly and self-propagating microwave-assisted combustion route was adapted to prepare micro-phosphors. The luminescence performance of this phosphor was studied by varying concentration and temperature.

Significant Findings

Prepared phosphor exhibited both upconversion and anti-Stokes phenomena. The upconversion luminescence was immensely enhanced at a cryogenic temperature compared with room temperature. The fluorescence intensity modes of non-identical ions have unleashed the highest relative sensitivity of 1.19 and 2.48 %K⁻¹, respectively. Interestingly, ever-greater absolute sensitivity of 2.406 K⁻¹ was produced by this phosphor through the fluorescence intensity ratio. A simple, hand-held device has been developed to detect near-infrared radiation. The luminescence properties of LiYF₄: Yb/Er phosphor exhibited its ingenuity in the precise sensing of near-infrared radiation and temperature.

发光测温技术由于其自身的优点，其研究正在迅速展开。特别是稀土掺杂荧光粉以其高效的发光性能受到越来越多的关注。Yb/Er共掺杂LiYF4具有较强的发光能力，由于其独特的材料性质，研究了它的测温和辐射检测。光学测温的优势体现在传统技术无法实现的精确温度测量上。此外，近红外探测对于避免眼睛事故也变得越来越重要。方法采用生态友好、自传播的微波辅助燃烧方法制备微荧光粉。研究了该荧光粉在不同浓度和温度下的发光性能。重要发现制备的荧光粉具有上转换和反stokes现象。与室温相比，低温下的上转换发光明显增强。不同离子的荧光强度模式释放出最高的相对灵敏度，分别为1.19和2.48 %K−1。有趣的是，通过荧光强度比，该荧光粉产生了更高的绝对灵敏度为2.406 K−1。一种简单的手持设备已经被开发出来用于检测近红外辐射。LiYF4: Yb/Er荧光粉的发光特性在近红外辐射和温度的精确传感方面显示出其独创性。

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引用次数: 0

Design of a high-performance flexible pressure sensor based on AgNWs-MXene/MWCNTs composites and its multi-scenario application study 基于AgNWs-MXene/MWCNTs复合材料的高性能柔性压力传感器设计及其多场景应用研究

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117428

Xin Li , Huifang Liu , Quan Liang , Luyao Zhao , Chuanming Sun , Chunye Hou

Flexible pressure sensors serve as critical interfaces bridging physical interactions and digital information, showing significant potential in wearable health monitoring, robotics, and human-machine interaction. However, conventional rigid sensors suffer from high interfacial impedance, motion artifacts, and limited flexibility, restricting their use on curved and dynamically deforming surfaces. This study develops a flexible pressure sensor integrating high sensitivity, excellent flexibility, and reliable stability. Through synergistic design of materials and structure, we fabricated highly conductive silver nanowire (AgNW) electrodes via electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing (600 V, 0.15 μL/min, 800 mm/s), achieving a sheet resistance below 0.8 Ω/sq. A ternary composite dielectric layer (MXene/MWCNTs/PDMS, optimal mass ratio 1:2:10) was constructed, leveraging MXene's interfacial polarization and MWCNTs’ bridging effect to establish efficient multi-scale conductive pathways. The sensor demonstrates a sensitivity of 0.78 kPa⁻¹ (0–1 kPa), response time < 50 ms, and signal-to-noise ratio of 32.6 dB (0.5–100 Hz), outperforming commercial rigid sensors by 41 %. It exhibits excellent mechanical stability, with less than 2.5 % signal variation after 5000 bending cycles (3 mm radius) and 10 % stretching. Practical applications in knee motion monitoring (R² = 0.99, 30°–90°), plantar pressure mapping, and respiratory waveform acquisition with minimal baseline drift (<50 μV) validate its performance. This work provides an effective strategy for balancing sensitivity, flexibility, and signal quality in flexible sensors, supporting future wearable devices and intelligent systems. Future efforts will focus on long-term stability in complex environments and scalable manufacturing.

柔性压力传感器作为连接物理交互和数字信息的关键接口，在可穿戴健康监测、机器人和人机交互方面显示出巨大的潜力。然而，传统的刚性传感器受到高界面阻抗、运动伪影和有限的灵活性的影响，限制了它们在弯曲和动态变形表面上的使用。本研究开发了一种灵敏度高、柔韧性好、稳定性可靠的柔性压力传感器。通过材料和结构的协同设计，采用电流体动力（EHD）打印技术（600 V, 0.15 μL/min, 800 mm/s）制备了高导电性银纳米线（AgNW）电极，获得了低于0.8 Ω/sq的片电阻。构建三元复合介质层（MXene/MWCNTs/PDMS，最佳质量比1:2:10），利用MXene的界面极化和MWCNTs的桥接效应建立高效的多尺度导电通路。该传感器的灵敏度为0.78 kPa⁻¹ （0-1 kPa），响应时间为 50 ms，信噪比为32.6 dB(0.5-100 Hz)，比商用刚性传感器高出41 %。它具有优异的机械稳定性，在5000次弯曲循环（3 mm半径）和10 %拉伸后，信号变化小于2.5 %。在膝关节运动监测（R²= 0.99,30°-90°）、足底压力测绘和最小基线漂移（<50 μV）呼吸波形采集中的实际应用验证了其性能。这项工作为平衡柔性传感器的灵敏度、灵活性和信号质量提供了一种有效的策略，支持未来的可穿戴设备和智能系统。未来的努力将集中在复杂环境和可扩展制造的长期稳定性上。

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引用次数: 0

Additively manufactured electrothermal thin-film heaters for on-chip isothermal DNA amplification 增材制造的用于片上等温DNA扩增的电热薄膜加热器

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117434

Shreyas Inamdar , Alireza Sargordi , Tanzila Kamal Choity , Anahita Emami , Jun Young Kim , Hong-Gu Kang , Namwon Kim

Reliable thin-film heaters that provide rapid and uniform heating are critical for point-of-care molecular diagnostics. In this work, we present the additive manufacturing of electrothermal thin-film heaters that are directly integrated with an on-chip chamber. This configuration enables isothermal amplification of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in a portable and compact platform. Two additive processes were compared. The first was a five-layer inkjet-printed (5L-I) heater, optimized using a 10 min oxygen plasma treatment and a 40 °C substrate (0.5 % uncoverage at five layers). The second was a single-layer direct ink writing (DIW) printed heater (1L-D) with conformal coverage. Infrared (IR) thermography showed quadratic voltage–temperature scaling for both heaters. The 1L-D heater achieved ∼1.7 times higher maximum temperature and faster heating/cooling rates, consistent with lower resistance and higher conductivity. Long-duration thermal assessments confirmed that the 1L-D heaters sustained stable temperatures over 60 min (79.5–81.9 °C at 3 V; CV < 1 %), demonstrating high reproducibility and reliable performance for continuous isothermal operation. Under water-filled chamber conditions, the 1L-D heater maintained uniform in-plane temperatures (59.3–62.5 °C at 3 V; CV < 1.02 %), outperforming the 5L-I heater (CV ≈ 3 %). Parallel Loop-mediated isothermal amplifications (LAMP) at 65 °C for 30 min were performed using both the on-chip chamber and a benchtop thermocycler. These tests produced comparable colorimetric and gel electrophoresis results for the target plasmid DNA, pNL1.2, with little amplification observed for the non-target control plasmid, pPZP-RCS2. Overall, the DIW heater provides rapid, uniform, and stable heating suitable for reliable point-of-care isothermal amplification.

可靠的薄膜加热器，提供快速和均匀的加热是关键的点护理分子诊断。在这项工作中，我们提出了与片上腔直接集成的电热薄膜加热器的增材制造。这种配置使脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）的等温扩增在便携式和紧凑的平台。比较了两种加性工艺。第一个是五层喷墨打印（5L-I）加热器，使用10 min氧等离子体处理和40°C衬底（五层0.5 %的未覆盖率）进行优化。第二种是具有保形覆盖的单层直接墨水书写（DIW）印刷加热器（1L-D）。红外热像图显示两种加热器的电压-温度均呈二次标度。1L-D加热器的最高温度提高了1.7倍，加热/冷却速度更快，电阻更低，电导率更高。长时间的热评估证实，1L-D加热器在3 V时的稳定温度超过60 min(79.5-81.9°C; CV < 1 %)，在连续等温操作中表现出高重复性和可靠的性能。在充满水的腔室条件下，1L-D加热器保持均匀的面内温度（59.3-62.5°C, 3 V; CV < 1.02 %），优于5L-I加热器（CV≈3 %）。平行环路介导等温扩增（LAMP）在65°C下30 min，使用片上腔室和台式热循环器进行。这些测试对目标质粒DNA pNL1.2产生了相当的比色和凝胶电泳结果，而对非目标对照质粒pPZP-RCS2几乎没有观察到扩增。总体而言，DIW加热器提供快速，均匀和稳定的加热，适用于可靠的护理点等温放大。

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引用次数: 0

Nanowire-based biosensor for short DNA using fluorescent silver nanoclusters 基于荧光银纳米团簇的短DNA纳米线生物传感器

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117432

Ivan N. Unksov , Rubina Davtyan , Christelle N. Prinz , Heiner Linke

Sensitive detection of short nucleic acids is used to identify viral and bacterial diseases, detect biomarkers of cancer, as well as in gene expression studies. Currently available techniques such as PCR, electrochemical detection and SPR are typically costly and often require amplification of the DNA. Here, we demonstrate a sensing system for picomolar detection of short single-stranded DNA by fluorescence without any need for amplification, thermal cycling and expensive reagents. The platform harnesses the capability of waveguiding semiconductor nanowires to substantially enhance the signal of surface-bound fluorescent molecules. Employing molecular beacons based on DNA-templated silver nanoclusters that exhibit a larger signal in the presence of the target DNA, we improve the limit of detection by five orders of magnitude compared to flat substrates and demonstrate detection of HIV-1 DNA. The signal indicates single-molecule sensitivity of detection. Our sensor is easily adaptable for other short DNA and potentially can be mass-produced. The method requires only a small volume of analyte sample and a microscope for the detection of fluorescence on nanowires.

短核酸的灵敏检测用于识别病毒和细菌疾病，检测癌症的生物标志物，以及基因表达研究。目前可用的技术，如PCR、电化学检测和SPR通常是昂贵的，并且经常需要扩增DNA。在这里，我们展示了一个皮摩尔检测短单链DNA的荧光传感系统，不需要扩增，热循环和昂贵的试剂。该平台利用波导半导体纳米线的能力，大大增强了表面结合荧光分子的信号。采用基于DNA模板银纳米簇的分子信标，在靶DNA存在时表现出更大的信号，与平面底物相比，我们将检测限提高了五个数量级，并证明了HIV-1 DNA的检测。该信号表明检测的单分子灵敏度。我们的传感器很容易适应其他短DNA，并且有可能批量生产。该方法只需要少量的分析物样品和显微镜来检测纳米线上的荧光。

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引用次数: 0

Label-free and rapid DNA characterization using gold nanoparticle monolayer-based field-effect sensors 使用基于金纳米颗粒单层的场效应传感器的无标记和快速DNA表征

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117435

Firdous Ahmad Deader , Abdulrahman Agha , Ahsanulhaq Qurashi , Mahmoud Al-Qutayri , Vincent Chan , Gulfaraz Khan , Pretty Philip , Anas Alazzam , Moh’d Rezeq

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) serves as the fundamental genetic blueprint for all living organisms, with each species possessing a distinct DNA sequence that is passed down to subsequent generations. The detection of DNA is crucial for identifying and diagnosing human diseases, particularly infectious diseases. Owing to specific molecular interactions between DNA and nanomaterials, nanostructured platforms can effectively facilitate DNA recognition and detection. In this study, a field-effect DNA biosensor was designed and fabricated using a perfectly assembled two-dimensional monolayer of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) as the active sensing medium, positioned between two metal electrodes separated by a 100 μm gap on a silicon oxide surface. The biosensor demonstrated the capability to differentiate between DNA molecules based on their net charge, which varies with the sequence composition and strand length. Interactions between DNA molecules and the Au-NP monolayer induced measurable changes in the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, which were transduced into electrical signals for sensing. To quantify the sensitivity of the biosensor, synthetic DNA oligonucleotides were first employed. The AT-rich and GC-rich sequences yielded sensitivities of 0.268 mA·decade⁻¹ and 0.223 mA·decade⁻¹ , respectively, corresponding to the limit of detection values of 1.23 μM for Oligo 1 and 1.28 μM for Oligo 2. The device was subsequently validated using DNA samples extracted from human Burkitt’s lymphoma cell line BL30 and its Epstein-Barr virus-infected counterpart BL30-B95.8. These results demonstrate the potential of this Au-NP monolayer-based field-effect sensor for rapid, label-free, and selective DNA detection in clinical diagnostics.

脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）是所有生物的基本遗传蓝图，每个物种都拥有独特的DNA序列，并遗传给后代。DNA的检测对于确定和诊断人类疾病，特别是传染病至关重要。由于DNA与纳米材料之间的特殊分子相互作用，纳米结构的平台可以有效地促进DNA的识别和检测。在本研究中，设计并制造了一种场效应DNA生物传感器，该传感器使用完美组装的二维单层金纳米粒子（Au-NPs）作为主动传感介质，定位在氧化硅表面上以100 μm间隙分隔的两个金属电极之间。该生物传感器证明了根据DNA分子的净电荷来区分DNA分子的能力，净电荷随序列组成和链长度的变化而变化。DNA分子与Au-NP单层之间的相互作用诱导了电流-电压（I-V）特性的可测量变化，这些变化被转导成电信号用于传感。为了量化生物传感器的灵敏度，首先采用了合成DNA寡核苷酸。富at和富gc序列的灵敏度分别为0.268 mA·decade⁻¹ 和0.223 mA·decade⁻¹ ，对应于Oligo 1的检测限为1.23 μM和Oligo 2的检测限为1.28 μM。该装置随后使用从人类伯基特淋巴瘤细胞系BL30及其爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒感染的对应物BL30- b95.8中提取的DNA样本进行了验证。这些结果证明了这种基于Au-NP单层的场效应传感器在临床诊断中用于快速、无标记和选择性DNA检测的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the response mechanism and performance of packaged TENG sensors under multimodal dynamic loads 封装式TENG传感器在多模态动载荷作用下的响应机理及性能研究

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2025.117431

Jiayi Su , Cunao Feng , Yuxia Wang, Yu Guo, Xinyue Zhang, Kai Chen, Xiaowei Li, Dekun Zhang

Traditional TENG (Triboelectric Nanogenerator) research has primarily focused on static loads, limiting their applicability of multimodal composite dynamic loads in practical operating conditions. Therefore, this study centers on the performance and response mechanisms of encapsulated TENGs under multimodal dynamic loads, optimizing TENG structure and performance by using Fe₃O₄-doped MWCNTs-PDMS as the friction layer and encapsulation material. The fabricated TENG demonstrates outstanding performance under both static and dynamic loads, with its output voltage exhibiting a strong linear relationship with both frequency and load. A linear fit accuracy (R²) of up to 98.18 % was achieved under specific conditions. The study indicates that the displacement of the encapsulated TENG correlates well with voltage, with normal signal transmission, and exhibits excellent environmental adaptability, sensitivity, and durability, offering broad application prospects in industrial monitoring and intelligent systems. The TENG device developed in this study shows great potential as a core sensing unit for predictive maintenance systems in engineering applications involving vibrational environments. It is expected to advance fields such as intelligent monitoring and human-machine interaction toward higher sensitivity and broader detection ranges.

传统的摩擦电纳米发电机研究主要集中在静态载荷上，限制了其在实际运行条件下多模态复合动态载荷的适用性。因此，本研究围绕多模态动载荷下封装TENG的性能及响应机理展开研究，采用Fe₃O₄掺杂MWCNTs-PDMS作为摩擦层和封装材料，对TENG的结构和性能进行优化。制备的TENG在静态和动态载荷下都表现出出色的性能，其输出电压与频率和负载都表现出很强的线性关系。在特定条件下，线性拟合精度（R²）可达98.18 %。研究表明，封装后的TENG位移与电压具有良好的相关性，信号传输正常，具有良好的环境适应性、灵敏度和耐久性，在工业监控和智能系统中具有广阔的应用前景。本研究中开发的TENG设备显示了在涉及振动环境的工程应用中，作为预测性维护系统的核心传感单元的巨大潜力。它有望推动智能监测和人机交互等领域向更高灵敏度和更广泛的检测范围发展。

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