Surface & Coatings Technology最新文献_第10页

Novel bio-compatible coatings formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation of tantalum in NaCl solutions 在NaCl溶液中等离子体电解氧化钽形成新型生物相容性涂层

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133122

Jiale Wu, Tanjun You, Qianna Zhang, Zhi Liu, Zuyong Wang, Yingliang Cheng

For the first time, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings are fabricated on tantalum in NaCl electrolytes. The morphology of the resulting coatings is strongly dependent on the electrolyte concentration. In 0.01 M NaCl, the coating formed for 600 s is non-uniform, showing a nodular surface with a thick sample edge (∼100 μm) and extremely thin center area. In contrast, coatings are uniform in 0.1 and 1 M NaCl. The coating exhibits a grooved surface morphology and a thickness of ∼42 μm in 0.1 M NaCl. However, the morphology changed into round pores and the thickness is reduced to ∼25 μm in 1 M NaCl. XRD confirms that all coatings consist of crystalline Ta₂O₅. Electrochemical tests indicate that the PEO treatment significantly improves the corrosion resistance of tantalum in simulated body fluid (SBF). The coating formed in 0.1 M NaCl exhibits the lowest corrosion current density (i_CORR) of 6.04 × 10⁻⁹ A cm⁻², which is two-order lower than that of bare tantalum (i_CORR = 1.77 × 10⁻⁷ A cm⁻²). Mott-Schottky analyses indicate that all coatings are n-type semiconductor with donor densities between 5.38 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻³ and 3.64 × 10¹⁷ cm⁻³. All coatings are hydrophilic, showing contact angles between 33.4° ± 6.5° and 64.1° ± 4.8°. The 1 M coating shows the highest bonding strength (> ∼7.81 ± 0.25 MPa). Cell biocompatibility of the coatings was assessed using L929 mouse fibroblasts and the CCK-8 assay. In contrast to the round morphology on bare tantalum, the cells on the oxidized surfaces displayed a spindle-like morphology, demonstrating favorable biointerface characteristics. Meanwhile, the cell relative metabolic activity of all coatings on day 7 was approximately 23–25 times higher than that of the substrate. Finally, comparative study on titanium confirms that the formation of PEO coatings on tantalum in NaCl electrolytes is a unique phenomenon among valve metals. This study provides a new way to prepare biocompatible coatings on tantalum and deeper insights into the PEO coating formation mechanisms.

首次在NaCl电解质中制备了钽等离子体电解氧化（PEO）涂层。所得到的涂层的形态强烈依赖于电解质浓度。在0.01 M NaCl中，600 s形成的涂层不均匀，表面呈结节状，样品边缘较厚（~ 100 μm），中心区域极薄。相比之下，涂层在0.1和1m NaCl中是均匀的。在0.1 M NaCl中，涂层表面呈沟槽状，厚度为~ 42 μm。但在1 M NaCl中，形貌变为圆形孔隙，厚度减小至~ 25 μm。XRD证实所有涂层均由结晶Ta2O5组成。电化学试验表明，PEO处理显著提高了钽在模拟体液中的耐蚀性。在0.1 M NaCl中形成的涂层的腐蚀电流密度（iCORR）最低，为6.04 × 10−9 A cm−2，比裸钽的腐蚀电流密度（iCORR = 1.77 × 10−7 A cm−2）低2个数量级。Mott-Schottky分析表明，所有涂层均为n型半导体，供体密度在5.38 × 1017 cm−3和3.64 × 1017 cm−3之间。所有涂层都是亲水性的，接触角在33.4°±6.5°和64.1°±4.8°之间。1m涂层的结合强度最高（> ~ 7.81±0.25 MPa）。采用L929小鼠成纤维细胞和CCK-8法评价膜的细胞生物相容性。与裸露钽表面的圆形形态相比，氧化表面的细胞呈现纺锤状形态，显示出良好的生物界面特征。同时，所有涂层在第7天的细胞相对代谢活性约为底物的23-25倍。最后，通过对钛的对比研究，证实了在NaCl电解质中钽表面形成PEO涂层是阀门金属中独特的现象。该研究为制备生物相容性涂层提供了新的途径，并对PEO涂层的形成机制有了更深入的了解。

{"title":"Novel bio-compatible coatings formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation of tantalum in NaCl solutions","authors":"Jiale Wu, Tanjun You, Qianna Zhang, Zhi Liu, Zuyong Wang, Yingliang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the first time, plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings are fabricated on tantalum in NaCl electrolytes. The morphology of the resulting coatings is strongly dependent on the electrolyte concentration. In 0.01 M NaCl, the coating formed for 600 s is non-uniform, showing a nodular surface with a thick sample edge (∼100 μm) and extremely thin center area. In contrast, coatings are uniform in 0.1 and 1 M NaCl. The coating exhibits a grooved surface morphology and a thickness of ∼42 μm in 0.1 M NaCl. However, the morphology changed into round pores and the thickness is reduced to ∼25 μm in 1 M NaCl. XRD confirms that all coatings consist of crystalline Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. Electrochemical tests indicate that the PEO treatment significantly improves the corrosion resistance of tantalum in simulated body fluid (SBF). The coating formed in 0.1 M NaCl exhibits the lowest corrosion current density (i<sub>CORR</sub>) of 6.04 × 10<sup>−9</sup> A cm<sup>−2</sup>, which is two-order lower than that of bare tantalum (i<sub>CORR</sub> = 1.77 × 10<sup>−7</sup> A cm<sup>−2</sup>). Mott-Schottky analyses indicate that all coatings are n-type semiconductor with donor densities between 5.38 × 10<sup>17</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup> and 3.64 × 10<sup>17</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>. All coatings are hydrophilic, showing contact angles between 33.4° ± 6.5° and 64.1° ± 4.8°. The 1 M coating shows the highest bonding strength (> ∼7.81 ± 0.25 MPa). Cell biocompatibility of the coatings was assessed using L929 mouse fibroblasts and the CCK-8 assay. In contrast to the round morphology on bare tantalum, the cells on the oxidized surfaces displayed a spindle-like morphology, demonstrating favorable biointerface characteristics. Meanwhile, the cell relative metabolic activity of all coatings on day 7 was approximately 23–25 times higher than that of the substrate. Finally, comparative study on titanium confirms that the formation of PEO coatings on tantalum in NaCl electrolytes is a unique phenomenon among valve metals. This study provides a new way to prepare biocompatible coatings on tantalum and deeper insights into the PEO coating formation mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133122"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green hydrogen production by an improved photoelectrochemical process with Ga-doped ZnO photoanodes on stainless steel substrates 不锈钢衬底上掺杂ga的ZnO光电阳极的改进光电化学工艺的绿色制氢

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133180

Sumeyya Ayca , Ibrahim Dincer

This study analyzes hydrogen production using photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting methods for Ga-doped ZnO electrodes coated on stainless steel. Physical electrochemistry, electrochemical impedance, hydrogen production, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses are performed on uncoated, undoped ZnO-coated, and Ga-doped ZnO-coated electrodes. The parameters of the best-coated electrode obtained by chronoamperometry (CA) analysis are as follows: the electrode is immersed in a dip-coating bath for 4 s, is coated five times, and has a doping ratio of 1%. The Tafel slope obtained from the Tafel graph of the 1% Ga-doped ZnO electrode is 0.15 V/dec, and the change in current density is 1.05 × 10⁻⁷ A/cm². According to the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data, the solution resistance (Rs), polarization resistance (Rp), and constant phase element (CPE) of the 1% Ga-doped ZnO electrode are 0.4862 Ω·cm², 0.0785 Ω·cm², and 2.031 × 10⁻³ Ω⁻¹·s·cm⁻², respectively. The slope value obtained from the Mott–Schottky graph is also 3.45 × 10⁻⁴. The hydrogen production rate obtained from CA analysis over a half-hour period is 6 ml/cm². The energy efficiency is 2.3%, the exergy efficiency is 2.36%, and the applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) is 0.75%. This study demonstrates higher hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity and overall efficiency than comparable studies in the literature. This study is the first in the literature to illustrate the dip-coating of Ga-doped ZnO electrodes onto stainless steel, the optimization of coating number and duration parameters, and the reporting of direct hydrogen production quantities. Thus, the study fills a gap in the literature in terms of both methodological innovation and performance, offering an applicable and scalable approach for sustainable hydrogen production.

本研究分析了在不锈钢表面涂覆ga掺杂ZnO电极的光电化学水裂解制氢方法。物理电化学、电化学阻抗、产氢、x射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对未涂层、未掺杂zno涂层和ga掺杂zno涂层电极进行了分析。通过计时安培法（CA）分析得到的最佳包覆电极参数为：电极在浸渍镀液中浸泡4 s，包覆5次，掺杂率为1%。1% ga掺杂ZnO电极的Tafel斜率为0.15 V/dec，电流密度变化量为1.05 × 10−7 A/cm2。根据电化学阻抗谱（EIS）数据，1% ga掺杂ZnO电极的溶液电阻（Rs）、极化电阻（Rp）和恒相元（CPE）分别为0.4862 Ω·cm2、0.0785 Ω·cm2和2.031 × 10−3 Ω−1·s·cm−2。由Mott-Schottky图得到的斜率值也为3.45 × 10−4。半小时内CA分析得到的产氢率为6ml /cm2。能量效率为2.3%，火用效率为2.36%，外加偏置光子电流效率（ABPE）为0.75%。与文献中类似的研究相比，本研究显示出更高的析氢反应（HER）活性和总体效率。本研究在文献中首次阐述了将ga掺杂ZnO电极浸涂在不锈钢上，优化了涂层数量和持续时间参数，并报告了直接产氢量。因此，该研究在方法创新和性能方面填补了文献中的空白，为可持续制氢提供了一种适用且可扩展的方法。

{"title":"Green hydrogen production by an improved photoelectrochemical process with Ga-doped ZnO photoanodes on stainless steel substrates","authors":"Sumeyya Ayca , Ibrahim Dincer","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzes hydrogen production using photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting methods for Ga-doped ZnO electrodes coated on stainless steel. Physical electrochemistry, electrochemical impedance, hydrogen production, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses are performed on uncoated, undoped ZnO-coated, and Ga-doped ZnO-coated electrodes. The parameters of the best-coated electrode obtained by chronoamperometry (CA) analysis are as follows: the electrode is immersed in a dip-coating bath for 4 s, is coated five times, and has a doping ratio of 1%. The Tafel slope obtained from the Tafel graph of the 1% Ga-doped ZnO electrode is 0.15 V/dec, and the change in current density is 1.05 × 10<sup>−7</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>. According to the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data, the solution resistance (Rs), polarization resistance (Rp), and constant phase element (CPE) of the 1% Ga-doped ZnO electrode are 0.4862 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>, 0.0785 Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>, and 2.031 × 10<sup>−3</sup> Ω<sup>−1</sup>·s·cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively. The slope value obtained from the Mott–Schottky graph is also 3.45 × 10<sup>−4</sup>. The hydrogen production rate obtained from CA analysis over a half-hour period is 6 ml/cm<sup>2</sup>. The energy efficiency is 2.3%, the exergy efficiency is 2.36%, and the applied bias photon-to-current efficiency (ABPE) is 0.75%. This study demonstrates higher hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity and overall efficiency than comparable studies in the literature. This study is the first in the literature to illustrate the dip-coating of Ga-doped ZnO electrodes onto stainless steel, the optimization of coating number and duration parameters, and the reporting of direct hydrogen production quantities. Thus, the study fills a gap in the literature in terms of both methodological innovation and performance, offering an applicable and scalable approach for sustainable hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133180"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrasonic-assisted laser cladding of CoCrFeMnNiSi1.6-WC3 composite coatings: Frequency effect 超声辅助激光熔覆CoCrFeMnNiSi1.6-WC3复合涂层：频率效应

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133153

Tianxiang Lin , Meiyan Feng , Guofu Lian , Zhigang Zeng , Changrong Chen

To investigate the impact of ultrasonic energy on microstructural evolution, mechanical performance, and corrosion behavior in high-entropy alloy composites synthesized via laser cladding, CoCrFeMnNiSi1.6-WC3 coatings were deposited on AISI 1045 steel through an ultrasound-enhanced laser processing method. Results demonstrate that the phase composition of the coatings remains unchanged under varying ultrasonic frequencies, consistently comprising FCC, BCC, silicide, and carbide phases. As the ultrasonic frequency increases, the coating microstructure is significantly refined. At 15 kHz, dendritic structures exhibit the finest morphology and most uniform distribution. Under ultrasonic excitation, WC refractory particles were efficiently fragmented and homogeneously dispersed throughout the matrix, thereby playing a pivotal role in enhancing the coating's overall performance. The microhardness of the coatings initially increases with ultrasonic frequency, reaching a maximum of 876.2 HV0.5 at 15 kHz—302 % higher than that of the substrate and 12 % higher than that of the non-ultrasonically treated W0U0 coating. Similarly, wear resistance first improves and then declines with frequency. At 15 kHz, the friction coefficient and wear rate reach their lowest values—0.543 and 0.02247mm³, respectively—representing reductions of 7.97 % and 14.7 % compared to the W0U0 coating. Increasing ultrasonic frequency markedly mitigates both adhesive and abrasive wear, while simultaneously stabilizing the friction coefficient fluctuations. Corrosion resistance also shows a non-monotonic trend with frequency. At an ultrasonic frequency of 15 kHz, the coating demonstrates the peak corrosion potential (−0.402 V) alongside the minimal corrosion current density (5.516 × 10⁻⁸ A/cm²), signifying the development of a highly stable, dense passive film that affords superior corrosion resistance. These findings offer both experimental evidence and theoretical insight into the optimization of high-entropy alloy composite coatings via ultrasound-assisted laser cladding.

为了研究超声能量对激光熔覆高熵合金复合材料显微组织演变、力学性能和腐蚀行为的影响，采用超声增强激光加工方法在AISI 1045钢表面沉积CoCrFeMnNiSi1.6-WC3涂层。结果表明，在不同的超声频率下，涂层的相组成保持不变，基本由FCC相、BCC相、硅化相和碳化物相组成。随着超声频率的增加，涂层组织明显细化。在15 kHz时，枝晶结构表现出最精细的形态和最均匀的分布。在超声激励下，WC耐火颗粒在基体中被有效破碎和均匀分散，对提高涂层的整体性能起着关键作用。随着超声频率的增加，涂层的显微硬度开始升高，在15 khz时达到最大值876.2 HV0.5，比基体高302%，比未超声处理的W0U0涂层高12%。同样，耐磨性随频率的增加先提高后下降。在15 kHz时，摩擦系数和磨损率分别为0.543和0.02247mm3，与W0U0涂层相比分别降低了7.97%和14.7%。增加超声频率可显著减轻粘着磨损和磨粒磨损，同时稳定摩擦系数波动。耐蚀性随频率变化也呈现非单调趋势。在15 kHz的超声波频率下，涂层显示出峰值腐蚀电位（- 0.402 V）和最小腐蚀电流密度（5.516 × 10 - 8 A/cm2），这表明开发出了一种高度稳定、致密的钝化膜，具有优异的耐腐蚀性。这些发现为超声辅助激光熔覆高熵合金复合涂层的优化提供了实验依据和理论见解。

{"title":"Ultrasonic-assisted laser cladding of CoCrFeMnNiSi1.6-WC3 composite coatings: Frequency effect","authors":"Tianxiang Lin , Meiyan Feng , Guofu Lian , Zhigang Zeng , Changrong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the impact of ultrasonic energy on microstructural evolution, mechanical performance, and corrosion behavior in high-entropy alloy composites synthesized via laser cladding, CoCrFeMnNiSi1.6-WC3 coatings were deposited on AISI 1045 steel through an ultrasound-enhanced laser processing method. Results demonstrate that the phase composition of the coatings remains unchanged under varying ultrasonic frequencies, consistently comprising FCC, BCC, silicide, and carbide phases. As the ultrasonic frequency increases, the coating microstructure is significantly refined. At 15 kHz, dendritic structures exhibit the finest morphology and most uniform distribution. Under ultrasonic excitation, WC refractory particles were efficiently fragmented and homogeneously dispersed throughout the matrix, thereby playing a pivotal role in enhancing the coating's overall performance. The microhardness of the coatings initially increases with ultrasonic frequency, reaching a maximum of 876.2 HV0.5 at 15 kHz—302 % higher than that of the substrate and 12 % higher than that of the non-ultrasonically treated W0U0 coating. Similarly, wear resistance first improves and then declines with frequency. At 15 kHz, the friction coefficient and wear rate reach their lowest values—0.543 and 0.02247mm<sup>3</sup>, respectively—representing reductions of 7.97 % and 14.7 % compared to the W0U0 coating. Increasing ultrasonic frequency markedly mitigates both adhesive and abrasive wear, while simultaneously stabilizing the friction coefficient fluctuations. Corrosion resistance also shows a non-monotonic trend with frequency. At an ultrasonic frequency of 15 kHz, the coating demonstrates the peak corrosion potential (−0.402 V) alongside the minimal corrosion current density (5.516 × 10<sup>−8</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup>), signifying the development of a highly stable, dense passive film that affords superior corrosion resistance. These findings offer both experimental evidence and theoretical insight into the optimization of high-entropy alloy composite coatings via ultrasound-assisted laser cladding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133153"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-powered triboelectric cathodic protection combined with CTAB inhibitor for synergistic enhancement of metal anticorrosion 自供电摩擦电阴极保护与CTAB缓蚀剂协同增强金属防腐蚀

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133147

Lanxiang Li , Siwen Cui , Jingwen Li , Bin Zhang , Chaoyang Liu , Zhiliang Zhao , Dianbo Zhang , Yanjie Wang , Wenying Ai , Xiaoyan Guan , Tiebing Cui , Hongfang Wang , Junpeng Wang

Metal corrosion presents significant economic and safety challenges in industrial applications, highlighting the demand for energy-efficient and sustainable protection strategies. Herein, we developed a synergistic protection system by coupling a sandwich-structured triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) inhibitor, which achieves dual protection through electrochemical polarization and the protective barrier. Two different sandwich-structured TENGs were designed using the same materials, but with distinct layer assembly configurations. The optimal structure was ultimately selected for the effective implementation of cathodic protection. The electric field generated by TENG can enhance the migration and adsorption of CTAB cations, thereby facilitating the formation of compact hydrophobic films that effectively reduce contact with corrosive species. Microscopic images and photographs were utilized to observe the corrosion morphology of the metal surfaces after the immersion experiments. Additionally, the fitted parameters obtained from electrochemical measurements were analyzed to assess the performance of the synergistic anticorrosion system. EDS and XPS were employed to conduct compositional analysis and quantify the adsorption amount of CTAB cations on the metal surface, while the contact angle was used to characterize the surface wettability. These results confirm that even when CTAB is used at a concentration below the effective protection threshold and the TENG-powered cathodic protection provides insufficient power supply, their synergistic integration still enables a noticeable anticorrosion effect. This work establishes a novel anticorrosion method that combines self-powered TENG technology with corrosion inhibitors, thereby addressing the issues of energy consumption and excessive consumption of inhibitor materials.

金属腐蚀在工业应用中提出了重大的经济和安全挑战，突出了对节能和可持续保护策略的需求。在此，我们开发了一个三明治结构的摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）抑制剂耦合的协同保护系统，通过电化学极化和保护屏障实现双重保护。使用相同的材料设计了两种不同的三明治结构的teng，但具有不同的层组装配置。最终选择最优结构，有效实现阴极保护。TENG产生的电场可以增强CTAB阳离子的迁移和吸附，从而促进形成致密的疏水膜，有效减少与腐蚀性物质的接触。利用显微图像和照片观察了浸泡实验后金属表面的腐蚀形貌。此外，还分析了从电化学测量中获得的拟合参数，以评估协同防腐体系的性能。采用EDS和XPS进行成分分析，量化CTAB阳离子在金属表面的吸附量，采用接触角表征表面润湿性。这些结果证实，即使CTAB在低于有效保护阈值的浓度下使用，并且由teng供电的阴极保护提供的功率不足，它们的协同集成仍然可以实现显着的防腐效果。这项工作建立了一种新的防腐方法，将自供电TENG技术与缓蚀剂相结合，从而解决了能源消耗和缓蚀剂材料过度消耗的问题。

{"title":"Self-powered triboelectric cathodic protection combined with CTAB inhibitor for synergistic enhancement of metal anticorrosion","authors":"Lanxiang Li , Siwen Cui , Jingwen Li , Bin Zhang , Chaoyang Liu , Zhiliang Zhao , Dianbo Zhang , Yanjie Wang , Wenying Ai , Xiaoyan Guan , Tiebing Cui , Hongfang Wang , Junpeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal corrosion presents significant economic and safety challenges in industrial applications, highlighting the demand for energy-efficient and sustainable protection strategies. Herein, we developed a synergistic protection system by coupling a sandwich-structured triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) inhibitor, which achieves dual protection through electrochemical polarization and the protective barrier. Two different sandwich-structured TENGs were designed using the same materials, but with distinct layer assembly configurations. The optimal structure was ultimately selected for the effective implementation of cathodic protection. The electric field generated by TENG can enhance the migration and adsorption of CTAB cations, thereby facilitating the formation of compact hydrophobic films that effectively reduce contact with corrosive species. Microscopic images and photographs were utilized to observe the corrosion morphology of the metal surfaces after the immersion experiments. Additionally, the fitted parameters obtained from electrochemical measurements were analyzed to assess the performance of the synergistic anticorrosion system. EDS and XPS were employed to conduct compositional analysis and quantify the adsorption amount of CTAB cations on the metal surface, while the contact angle was used to characterize the surface wettability. These results confirm that even when CTAB is used at a concentration below the effective protection threshold and the TENG-powered cathodic protection provides insufficient power supply, their synergistic integration still enables a noticeable anticorrosion effect. This work establishes a novel anticorrosion method that combines self-powered TENG technology with corrosion inhibitors, thereby addressing the issues of energy consumption and excessive consumption of inhibitor materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133147"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the synergy of nitrogen-containing borate ester organomolybdenum additives combined with ZDDP 含氮硼酸酯类有机钼添加剂与ZDDP的协同作用研究

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133152

Hongping Qiu , Wenbin Hu , Jingzhou Liu , Longhai Li , Sifan Jiang , Keyi Bao , Sheng Han , Jincan Yan

In this study, two sulfur- and phosphorus-free nitrogen-containing borate ester-based organomolybdenum compounds (OBN-Mo-OBN and OBN-Mo) were synthesized, and the relationship between their molecular structures and tribological properties was systematically investigated. When combined with ZDDP, both compounds exhibited significant anti-wear and friction-reducing performance. Under high-load and high-speed conditions (294 N, 1450 rpm), the addition of 0.5 wt% OBN-Mo-OBN and 0.5 wt% ZDDP reduced wear volume by 97 % compared to base oil. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, a comprehensive suite of characterization techniques was employed, including energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), white light interferometry (WLI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Surface analysis confirmed that the pronounced synergistic effect arises from the formation of a protective tribochemical reaction film composed of MoO₃, MoS₂, FeS, Fe₂(SO₄)₃, B₂O₃, and boron–nitrogen (BN) complexes.

本研究合成了两种无硫无磷含氮硼酸酯基有机钼化合物OBN-Mo- obn和OBN-Mo，并系统研究了其分子结构与摩擦学性能的关系。当与ZDDP结合时，两种化合物都表现出显著的抗磨和减摩性能。在高负荷和高速工况下（294 N, 1450 rpm），与基础油相比，添加0.5 wt% OBN-Mo-OBN和0.5 wt% ZDDP可减少97%的磨损量。为了阐明其潜在机制，采用了一套全面的表征技术，包括能量色散x射线光谱（EDS），白光干涉测量（WLI），扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）。表面分析证实，明显的协同效应是由MoO₃、MoS₂、FeS、Fe₂（SO₄）₃、B₂O₃和硼氮（BN）配合物组成的保护性摩擦化学反应膜的形成引起的。

{"title":"Study on the synergy of nitrogen-containing borate ester organomolybdenum additives combined with ZDDP","authors":"Hongping Qiu , Wenbin Hu , Jingzhou Liu , Longhai Li , Sifan Jiang , Keyi Bao , Sheng Han , Jincan Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, two sulfur- and phosphorus-free nitrogen-containing borate ester-based organomolybdenum compounds (OBN-Mo-OBN and OBN-Mo) were synthesized, and the relationship between their molecular structures and tribological properties was systematically investigated. When combined with ZDDP, both compounds exhibited significant anti-wear and friction-reducing performance. Under high-load and high-speed conditions (294 N, 1450 rpm), the addition of 0.5 wt% OBN-Mo-OBN and 0.5 wt% ZDDP reduced wear volume by 97 % compared to base oil. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, a comprehensive suite of characterization techniques was employed, including energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), white light interferometry (WLI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Surface analysis confirmed that the pronounced synergistic effect arises from the formation of a protective tribochemical reaction film composed of MoO₃, MoS₂, FeS, Fe₂(SO₄)₃, B₂O₃, and boron–nitrogen (B<img>N) complexes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133152"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Ti interlayer thickness on residual stress, adhesion, toughness and corrosion resistance of CrSiN/Ti coatings applied to AZ31 via magnetron sputtering Ti层间厚度对AZ31磁控溅射CrSiN/Ti涂层残余应力、附着力、韧性和耐腐蚀性的影响

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133167

Haitao Li , Ming Gong , Shiqiang Wang , Pengfei Sun , Bo Liu

To improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys and expand the application scope of Mg-based materials, CrSiN coatings—composed of amorphous Si₃N₄ matrices embedding nanoscale CrN phases—were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering. To mitigate coating failure and enhance interfacial adhesion, a Ti interlayer was first applied before CrSiN deposition. The microstructure, residual stress, adhesion, toughness, and corrosion behavior of the coating/AZ31 system were systematically investigated utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scratch tests, and electrochemical measurements. Results indicate that the Ti interlayer, co-sputtered by DC and RF magnetron sputtering, significantly improves the adhesion strength, toughness, and resistance to chloride-induced corrosion of the CrSiN coating. The maximum adhesion strength reached 23.5 N—16 N higher than that of the Ti-free CrSiN coating. Residual stress was also reduced from 770 MPa without the Ti interlayer to 349 MPa with it. The best corrosion resistance was achieved with a Ti interlayer thickness of approximately 0.37 μm, corresponding to a co-sputtering time of 7 min, yielding a corrosion current density of 0.027 μA/cm² and a polarization resistance of 1670 kΩ·cm². This study further discusses the corrosion and failure mechanisms of CrSiN coatings with varying Ti interlayer thicknesses. It was found that when the Ti layer exceeds 0.37 μm, a distinct columnar crystal structure develops, which considerably degrades the coating's corrosion resistance.

为了提高镁合金的耐蚀性，扩大镁基材料的应用范围，采用反应磁控溅射法制备了包埋纳米级CrN相的非晶Si3N4基体的CrSiN涂层。为了减轻涂层失效和增强界面附着力，在CrSiN沉积之前首先应用Ti中间层。利用x射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、划痕测试和电化学测量等手段，系统地研究了涂层/AZ31体系的微观结构、残余应力、附着力、韧性和腐蚀行为。结果表明，采用直流磁控溅射和射频磁控共溅射制备Ti中间层，可显著提高CrSiN涂层的附着强度、韧性和抗氯化物腐蚀性能。最大附着力达到23.5 N - 16 N，高于无ti CrSiN涂层。残余应力由未添加Ti夹层时的770 MPa降至添加Ti夹层时的349 MPa。当Ti层间厚度约为0.37 μm时，共溅射时间为7 min，腐蚀电流密度为0.027 μA/cm2，极化电阻为1670 kΩ·cm2。本研究进一步探讨了不同钛层厚度的CrSiN涂层的腐蚀和失效机理。结果表明，当Ti层厚度超过0.37 μm时，涂层会形成明显的柱状晶体结构，使涂层的耐蚀性大大降低。

{"title":"Influence of Ti interlayer thickness on residual stress, adhesion, toughness and corrosion resistance of CrSiN/Ti coatings applied to AZ31 via magnetron sputtering","authors":"Haitao Li , Ming Gong , Shiqiang Wang , Pengfei Sun , Bo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys and expand the application scope of Mg-based materials, CrSiN coatings—composed of amorphous Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> matrices embedding nanoscale CrN phases—were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering. To mitigate coating failure and enhance interfacial adhesion, a Ti interlayer was first applied before CrSiN deposition. The microstructure, residual stress, adhesion, toughness, and corrosion behavior of the coating/AZ31 system were systematically investigated utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scratch tests, and electrochemical measurements. Results indicate that the Ti interlayer, co-sputtered by DC and RF magnetron sputtering, significantly improves the adhesion strength, toughness, and resistance to chloride-induced corrosion of the CrSiN coating. The maximum adhesion strength reached 23.5 N—16 N higher than that of the Ti-free CrSiN coating. Residual stress was also reduced from 770 MPa without the Ti interlayer to 349 MPa with it. The best corrosion resistance was achieved with a Ti interlayer thickness of approximately 0.37 μm, corresponding to a co-sputtering time of 7 min, yielding a corrosion current density of 0.027 μA/cm<sup>2</sup> and a polarization resistance of 1670 kΩ·cm<sup>2</sup>. This study further discusses the corrosion and failure mechanisms of CrSiN coatings with varying Ti interlayer thicknesses. It was found that when the Ti layer exceeds 0.37 μm, a distinct columnar crystal structure develops, which considerably degrades the coating's corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133167"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retaining crystallinity of as-deposited thermoelectric Fe2VAl-based thin films grown from DCMS and HiPIMS 由DCMS和HiPIMS生长的热电fe2val基薄膜的结晶度

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133200

L. Enzlberger , B. Schmid , L. Mitterhuber-Gressl , T. Wojcik , S. Kolozsvári , P.H. Mayrhofer

Thermoelectric materials have gained much attention in recent years due to their ability to directly interconvert electrical and thermal energy via the Seebeck/Peltier effect. Their appeal for application in energy harvesting and solid-state cooling is however currently held back, as current state-of-the-art systems rely on rare and/or hazardous elements. Efforts to replace them with more abundant and environmentally benign alternatives have shown Heusler-alloys to be attractive candidates with thin film Fe₂V_0.8W_0.2Al achieving a massive Figure of Merit, but requiring extensive post-processing to achieve crystallinity.

Here, we report the direct deposition of this material in a crystalline, fully disordered W-type body-centered cubic (bcc) structure using direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) and high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). Structural analyses confirm the formation of crystalline Heusler Phases in the as-deposited state, even at room temperature, eliminating the need for prolonged annealing. Transport measurements reveal low thermal conductivity (2.12 W/m∙K), low resistivity (≈240 μΩ∙cm) and a moderate Seebeck-coefficient (−55 μV/K), resulting in a viable Figure of Merit (ZT ≈ 0.1). These findings demonstrate an energy-efficient route in the fabrication of thermoelectric thin films from earth-abundant, non-toxic elements to be used for sustainable energy conversion.

近年来，热电材料由于其通过塞贝克/珀尔帖效应直接转换电能和热能的能力而受到了广泛的关注。然而，它们在能量收集和固态冷却方面的应用吸引力目前受到阻碍，因为目前最先进的系统依赖于稀有和/或危险元素。用更丰富、更环保的替代品取代它们的努力表明，heusler合金是有吸引力的候选国，薄膜Fe2V0.8W0.2Al获得了大量的优异值，但需要大量的后处理才能实现结晶度。在这里，我们报道了使用直流磁控溅射（DCMS）和大功率脉冲磁控溅射（HiPIMS）直接沉积这种材料在晶体中，完全无序的w型体心立方（bcc）结构。结构分析证实，即使在室温下，在沉积状态下也能形成结晶的Heusler相，从而消除了长时间退火的需要。输运测量结果显示，该材料导热系数低（2.12 W/m∙K），电阻率低（≈240 μΩ∙cm）， seebeck系数适中（- 55 μV/K），具有可行的优值图（ZT≈0.1）。这些发现证明了利用地球上丰富的无毒元素制造热电薄膜的节能途径，可用于可持续的能量转换。

{"title":"Retaining crystallinity of as-deposited thermoelectric Fe2VAl-based thin films grown from DCMS and HiPIMS","authors":"L. Enzlberger , B. Schmid , L. Mitterhuber-Gressl , T. Wojcik , S. Kolozsvári , P.H. Mayrhofer","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermoelectric materials have gained much attention in recent years due to their ability to directly interconvert electrical and thermal energy via the Seebeck/Peltier effect. Their appeal for application in energy harvesting and solid-state cooling is however currently held back, as current state-of-the-art systems rely on rare and/or hazardous elements. Efforts to replace them with more abundant and environmentally benign alternatives have shown Heusler-alloys to be attractive candidates with thin film Fe<sub>2</sub>V<sub>0.8</sub>W<sub>0.2</sub>Al achieving a massive Figure of Merit, but requiring extensive post-processing to achieve crystallinity.</div><div>Here, we report the direct deposition of this material in a crystalline, fully disordered W-type body-centered cubic (bcc) structure using direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) and high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). Structural analyses confirm the formation of crystalline Heusler Phases in the as-deposited state, even at room temperature, eliminating the need for prolonged annealing. Transport measurements reveal low thermal conductivity (2.12 W/m∙K), low resistivity (≈240 μΩ∙cm) and a moderate Seebeck-coefficient (−55 μV/K), resulting in a viable Figure of Merit (ZT ≈ 0.1). These findings demonstrate an energy-efficient route in the fabrication of thermoelectric thin films from earth-abundant, non-toxic elements to be used for sustainable energy conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133200"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wear and corrosion behavior of AISI 420 stainless steel coated with PVD AlCrN PVD AlCrN涂层AISI 420不锈钢的磨损和腐蚀行为

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133182

Eugenia L. Dalibón , Andrea Abreu-García , A. Justina Maskavizan , Javier Izquierdo , Ricardo M. Souto , Sonia P. Brühl

PVD AlCrN coatings are extensively used to improve the steel performance in severe wear and corrosion conditions. In this study, AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel was coated with a commercial AlCrN coating (Alcrona®, Oerlikon Balzers). Prior to deposition, the steel was plasma nitrided for 5 h in a semi-industrial facility. Surface characterization was conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation, microhardness, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with focus ion beam milling (SEM-FIB). The long-term corrosion behavior was analyzed using Salt Spray test, open circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. Single and duplex coating systems were studied and compared with the uncoated systems, plasma nitrided steel and quenched & tempered steel. The coating thickness was approximately 4 μm, while the thickness of the nitrided compound layer was between 12 and 13 μm, with a nitriding penetration depth of 28 μm. The nitriding pretreatment enhanced adhesion of the coating in the duplex system. AlCrN significantly improved wear resistance of the substrates in Pin on disk tests under Hertzian pressures higher than 1 GPa. The coating was hard enough to withstand the sand for both coated systems in abrasive wear tests. It was not worn through in both type of wear tests, so nitriding treatment had no influence in wear resistance. In the salt spray chamber, the nitrided sample experienced homogeneous distribution of pits rather than localized pitting corrosion, whereas the samples with the AlCrN coating showed good protection. The AlCrN-coated samples exhibited barrier properties immediately after immersion; however, electrolyte penetration through pores and defects in the chloride-containing medium compromised their long-term corrosion resistance, especially for previously nitrided substrates.

PVD AlCrN涂层广泛用于改善钢在严重磨损和腐蚀条件下的性能。在这项研究中，AISI 420马氏体不锈钢涂上了一层商用AlCrN涂层（Alcrona®，欧瑞康巴尔查斯）。在沉积之前，钢在半工业设备中等离子体氮化5小时。采用x射线衍射（XRD）、纳米压痕、显微硬度、光学显微镜、扫描电镜和聚焦离子束铣削（SEM-FIB）对表面进行表征。通过盐雾试验、开路电位和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）测量分析了长期腐蚀行为。研究了单涂层和双涂层体系，并与未涂层体系、等离子体氮化钢和调质钢进行了比较。涂层厚度约为4 μm，渗氮层厚度在12 ~ 13 μm之间，渗氮深度为28 μm。渗氮预处理提高了涂层在双相体系中的附着力。在高于1 GPa的赫兹压力下，AlCrN显著提高了Pin on disk试验中衬底的耐磨性。在磨料磨损测试中，涂层的硬度足以承受两种涂层系统的沙子。在两种类型的磨损试验中都没有发生磨损，因此氮化处理对耐磨性没有影响。在盐雾室中，氮化后的样品出现了均匀分布的点蚀而不是局部的点蚀，而镀有AlCrN涂层的样品则表现出良好的保护作用。alcrn包覆的样品在浸泡后立即表现出屏障性能；然而，电解质通过含氯化物介质中的孔隙和缺陷的渗透会损害其长期耐腐蚀性，特别是对先前氮化的衬底。

{"title":"Wear and corrosion behavior of AISI 420 stainless steel coated with PVD AlCrN","authors":"Eugenia L. Dalibón , Andrea Abreu-García , A. Justina Maskavizan , Javier Izquierdo , Ricardo M. Souto , Sonia P. Brühl","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PVD AlCrN coatings are extensively used to improve the steel performance in severe wear and corrosion conditions. In this study, AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel was coated with a commercial AlCrN coating (Alcrona®, Oerlikon Balzers). Prior to deposition, the steel was plasma nitrided for 5 h in a semi-industrial facility. Surface characterization was conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nanoindentation, microhardness, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy coupled with focus ion beam milling (SEM-FIB). The long-term corrosion behavior was analyzed using Salt Spray test, open circuit potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. Single and duplex coating systems were studied and compared with the uncoated systems, plasma nitrided steel and quenched & tempered steel. The coating thickness was approximately 4 μm, while the thickness of the nitrided compound layer was between 12 and 13 μm, with a nitriding penetration depth of 28 μm. The nitriding pretreatment enhanced adhesion of the coating in the duplex system. AlCrN significantly improved wear resistance of the substrates in Pin on disk tests under Hertzian pressures higher than 1 GPa. The coating was hard enough to withstand the sand for both coated systems in abrasive wear tests. It was not worn through in both type of wear tests, so nitriding treatment had no influence in wear resistance. In the salt spray chamber, the nitrided sample experienced homogeneous distribution of pits rather than localized pitting corrosion, whereas the samples with the AlCrN coating showed good protection. The AlCrN-coated samples exhibited barrier properties immediately after immersion; however, electrolyte penetration through pores and defects in the chloride-containing medium compromised their long-term corrosion resistance, especially for previously nitrided substrates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133182"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrated hybrid SALD-PVD platform for scalable electron contact layer engineering in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells 钙钛矿/硅串联太阳能电池中可扩展电子接触层工程的集成混合salt - pvd平台

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133150

Volker Sittinger , Tino Harig , Tobias Graumann , Sven Pleger , Christian Beyen , Patricia S.C. Schulze , Jann B. Landgraf , Johanna Modes , Martin Hermle , Juliane Borchert , Andreas W. Bett

The industrial realization of high-efficiency perovskite/silicon tandem (PST) solar cells hinges on scalable, low-temperature fabrication of complex electron contact architectures. Here, we report a hybrid spatial atomic layer deposition (SALD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) platform that enables the sequential, vacuum-based deposition of AlO_x/C₆₀/SnO_x electron contact stacks over G12 wafer formats. The system integrates a custom-designed linear evaporator into a high-throughput SALD reactor, allowing precise control of layer thickness and uniformity. Real-time ellipsometry provides in-line monitoring, revealing growth delays of SnO_x on hydrophobic C₆₀. Photoluminescence measurements demonstrate that AlO_x passivation significantly enhances quasi-Fermi level splitting. This work establishes a scalable, inline-compatible process for next-generation tandem photovoltaic devices.

高效钙钛矿/硅串联（PST）太阳能电池的工业实现取决于复杂电子接触结构的可扩展、低温制造。在这里，我们报道了一种混合空间原子层沉积（SALD）和物理气相沉积（PVD）平台，该平台能够在G12晶圆格式上连续、真空沉积AlOx/C60/SnOx电子接触堆栈。该系统将定制设计的线性蒸发器集成到高通量SALD反应器中，可以精确控制层厚度和均匀性。实时椭偏仪提供在线监测，揭示SnOx在疏水性C60上的生长延迟。光致发光测量表明，AlOx钝化显著增强了准费米能级分裂。这项工作为下一代串联光伏器件建立了一个可扩展的、内联兼容的工艺。

{"title":"Integrated hybrid SALD-PVD platform for scalable electron contact layer engineering in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells","authors":"Volker Sittinger , Tino Harig , Tobias Graumann , Sven Pleger , Christian Beyen , Patricia S.C. Schulze , Jann B. Landgraf , Johanna Modes , Martin Hermle , Juliane Borchert , Andreas W. Bett","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The industrial realization of high-efficiency perovskite/silicon tandem (PST) solar cells hinges on scalable, low-temperature fabrication of complex electron contact architectures. Here, we report a hybrid spatial atomic layer deposition (SALD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) platform that enables the sequential, vacuum-based deposition of AlO<sub>x</sub>/C<sub>60</sub>/SnO<sub>x</sub> electron contact stacks over G12 wafer formats. The system integrates a custom-designed linear evaporator into a high-throughput SALD reactor, allowing precise control of layer thickness and uniformity. Real-time ellipsometry provides in-line monitoring, revealing growth delays of SnO<sub>x</sub> on hydrophobic C<sub>60</sub>. Photoluminescence measurements demonstrate that AlO<sub>x</sub> passivation significantly enhances quasi-Fermi level splitting. This work establishes a scalable, inline-compatible process for next-generation tandem photovoltaic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133150"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of aging time on precipitation behaviors, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of Al0.3TiZrNb high-entropy alloy coating 时效时间对Al0.3TiZrNb高熵合金涂层析出行为、力学性能和耐磨性的影响

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133132

Yaxia Liu , Hongxi Liu , Chen Yang , Ming Wen , Ben Niu , Xiaowei Zhang , Haifang Liu

An Al_0.3TiZrNb high-entropy alloy coating (HEAC) was prepared by laser cladding and subsequently isothermally aged at 800 °C for 1, 2, and 4 h. The effects of ageing time on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear behavior of the Al_0.3TiZrNb HEAC were investigated. The Al_0.3TiZrNb HEAC has a single BCC solid solution structure. After the ageing treatment, the ZrAl nanoprecipitates gradually formed near the grain boundaries; when the ageing time was prolonged, compared with those of Al_0.3TiZrNb HEAC, the number of nanoprecipitates increased, and the grain size was obviously refined. Notably, the coating that was aged for 2 h had the greatest number of precipitates and the smallest grain size, indicating the best deformation resistance and wear resistance. Specifically, the interaction between the precipitates and high-density dislocations produced a strain-hardening effect, which enhanced the fracture toughness of the coating, changed its wear mechanism, and improved its wear resistance. This study reveals the key role of precipitation strengthening in enhancing the mechanical and wear resistance of Al_0.3TiZrNb HEAC, thus increasing its potential for industrial applications.

采用激光熔覆法制备了Al0.3TiZrNb高熵合金涂层（HEAC），并在800℃等温时效1、2和4 h，研究了时效时间对Al0.3TiZrNb HEAC显微组织、力学性能和磨损性能的影响。Al0.3TiZrNb HEAC具有单BCC固溶体结构。时效处理后，ZrAl在晶界附近逐渐形成纳米沉淀；随着时效时间的延长，与Al0.3TiZrNb HEAC相比，纳米沉淀物数量增加，晶粒尺寸明显细化。值得注意的是，时效2 h的涂层析出相数量最多，晶粒尺寸最小，具有最佳的抗变形性和耐磨性。其中，析出相与高密度位错的相互作用产生应变硬化效应，增强了涂层的断裂韧性，改变了涂层的磨损机理，提高了涂层的耐磨性。本研究揭示了沉淀强化在提高Al0.3TiZrNb HEAC的机械耐磨性和耐磨性方面的关键作用，从而增加了其工业应用潜力。

{"title":"Effect of aging time on precipitation behaviors, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of Al0.3TiZrNb high-entropy alloy coating","authors":"Yaxia Liu , Hongxi Liu , Chen Yang , Ming Wen , Ben Niu , Xiaowei Zhang , Haifang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2025.133132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An Al<sub>0.3</sub>TiZrNb high-entropy alloy coating (HEAC) was prepared by laser cladding and subsequently isothermally aged at 800 °C for 1, 2, and 4 h. The effects of ageing time on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear behavior of the Al<sub>0.3</sub>TiZrNb HEAC were investigated. The Al<sub>0.3</sub>TiZrNb HEAC has a single BCC solid solution structure. After the ageing treatment, the Zr<img>Al nanoprecipitates gradually formed near the grain boundaries; when the ageing time was prolonged, compared with those of Al<sub>0.3</sub>TiZrNb HEAC, the number of nanoprecipitates increased, and the grain size was obviously refined. Notably, the coating that was aged for 2 h had the greatest number of precipitates and the smallest grain size, indicating the best deformation resistance and wear resistance. Specifically, the interaction between the precipitates and high-density dislocations produced a strain-hardening effect, which enhanced the fracture toughness of the coating, changed its wear mechanism, and improved its wear resistance. This study reveals the key role of precipitation strengthening in enhancing the mechanical and wear resistance of Al<sub>0.3</sub>TiZrNb HEAC, thus increasing its potential for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"522 ","pages":"Article 133132"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0