Surface & Coatings Technology最新文献_第2页

Enhanced thermal stability and oxidation resistance via triple-sublayer multilayer coatings 通过三亚层多层涂层增强热稳定性和抗氧化性

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133263

Van-Tien Tang , Min-Xin Shi , Duc Manh Nguyen , Ke-Huan Wu , Yin-Yu Chang

The development of AlTiN- and AlCrN-based multilayer hard coatings offers significant potential for improving performance in extreme environments. This study evaluates the effect of chromium molybdenum nitride (CrMoN) on the thermal stability and oxidation resistance of an AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN coating deposited by cathodic arc evaporation. The crystallinity of the film was determined by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), and its microstructural features were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Mechanical properties were examined using a Rockwell indentation tester for adhesion strength evaluation and a nanoindentation tester for assessing hardness and elastic modulus. The results demonstrated that both the AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN and AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN coatings exhibited high thermal stabilities, maintaining a hardness of about 30 GPa even after annealing at 900 °C. XRD and TEM analyses showed that, after high-temperature vacuum annealing at 900 °C for up to 8 h, the multilayer AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN coating exhibited only limited grain growth. Additional phases, such as h-AlN and h-Cr₂N, were also observed following the annealing process. With respect to oxidation resistance, the oxide layer thickness of the multilayer AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN coating after oxidation at 900 °C for 8 h measured approximately 71.9 nm, whereas the AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN film exhibited a considerably thicker oxide layer of 322.4 nm under the same conditions. The presence of a nanocrystalline, multilayer nitride structure incorporating CrMoN significantly restricted oxygen diffusion through grain boundaries within the coating. Dense Al₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ layers, along with Si-N-O formation, effectively inhibit oxidation at elevated temperatures. As a result, the susceptibility to internal nitride oxidation was significantly reduced. These results indicate that the three-layer architecture of AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN provides better oxidation resistance compared with the two-layer AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN system. The AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN coating demonstrates an excellent balance of oxidation resistance and structural stability, making it well-suited for high-temperature applications.

AlTiN和alcrn基多层硬涂层的发展为改善极端环境下的性能提供了巨大的潜力。研究了氮化铬钼（CrMoN）对阴极电弧蒸发沉积AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN涂层热稳定性和抗氧化性的影响。采用掠入射x射线衍射（GIXRD）测定了薄膜的结晶度，并用场发射扫描电镜（FESEM）和高分辨率透射电镜（HRTEM）分析了薄膜的微观结构特征。机械性能采用洛氏压痕测试仪进行粘接强度评估，采用纳米压痕测试仪评估硬度和弹性模量。结果表明，AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN和AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN涂层均表现出较高的热稳定性，即使在900℃退火后也能保持约30 GPa的硬度。XRD和TEM分析表明，在900℃高温真空退火8 h后，多层AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN涂层晶粒生长受限。在退火过程中还观察到h-AlN和h-Cr₂N等附加相。在抗氧化性方面，在900℃氧化8 h后，多层AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN涂层的氧化层厚度约为71.9 nm，而在相同条件下，AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN膜的氧化层厚度为322.4 nm。含有CrMoN的纳米晶多层氮化物结构的存在极大地限制了氧通过涂层内晶界的扩散。致密的Al₂O₃和Cr₂O₃层，以及Si-N-O的形成，有效地抑制了高温下的氧化。因此，对内部氮化物氧化的敏感性显著降低。这些结果表明，AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN的三层结构比AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN的两层结构具有更好的抗氧化性能。AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN涂层在抗氧化性和结构稳定性方面表现出良好的平衡，非常适合高温应用。

{"title":"Enhanced thermal stability and oxidation resistance via triple-sublayer multilayer coatings","authors":"Van-Tien Tang , Min-Xin Shi , Duc Manh Nguyen , Ke-Huan Wu , Yin-Yu Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of AlTiN- and AlCrN-based multilayer hard coatings offers significant potential for improving performance in extreme environments. This study evaluates the effect of chromium molybdenum nitride (CrMoN) on the thermal stability and oxidation resistance of an AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN coating deposited by cathodic arc evaporation. The crystallinity of the film was determined by grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), and its microstructural features were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Mechanical properties were examined using a Rockwell indentation tester for adhesion strength evaluation and a nanoindentation tester for assessing hardness and elastic modulus. The results demonstrated that both the AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN and AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN coatings exhibited high thermal stabilities, maintaining a hardness of about 30 GPa even after annealing at 900 °C. XRD and TEM analyses showed that, after high-temperature vacuum annealing at 900 °C for up to 8 h, the multilayer AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN coating exhibited only limited grain growth. Additional phases, such as h-AlN and h-Cr₂N, were also observed following the annealing process. With respect to oxidation resistance, the oxide layer thickness of the multilayer AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN coating after oxidation at 900 °C for 8 h measured approximately 71.9 nm, whereas the AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN film exhibited a considerably thicker oxide layer of 322.4 nm under the same conditions. The presence of a nanocrystalline, multilayer nitride structure incorporating CrMoN significantly restricted oxygen diffusion through grain boundaries within the coating. Dense Al₂O₃ and Cr₂O₃ layers, along with Si-N-O formation, effectively inhibit oxidation at elevated temperatures. As a result, the susceptibility to internal nitride oxidation was significantly reduced. These results indicate that the three-layer architecture of AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN provides better oxidation resistance compared with the two-layer AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN system. The AlTiNbSiN/AlCrBN/CrMoN coating demonstrates an excellent balance of oxidation resistance and structural stability, making it well-suited for high-temperature applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133263"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of SiC gradient structure on ablation resistance of (Zr0.25Hf0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25)C multilayer coatings for C/C composites SiC梯度结构对C/C复合材料（Zr0.25Hf0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25）C多层涂层抗烧蚀性能的影响

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133264

Xiao Luo , Yixin Zhao , Xin Yang , Jia Sun , Qizhong Huang

SiC-coated C/C composites were successively sprayed with (Zr_0.25Hf_0.25Ti_0.25Ta_0.25)C-30SiC coating and (Zr_0.25Hf_0.25Ti_0.25Ta_0.25)C coating to form SiC gradient composite coatings from inner layer to outer layer. After ablation above 2100 °C for 90 s, the R_l and R_m of multilayer (Zr_0.25Hf_0.25Ti_0.25Ta_0.25)C/(Zr_0.25Hf_0.25Ti_0.25Ta_0.25)C-30SiC coatings are −1.22 μm·s⁻¹ and −0.636 mg·s⁻¹, respectively. The excellent ablation property is attributed to the phase evolution of SiC and high entropy carbides during ablation, which forms a four-layer oxide structure with synergistic effects. The diffusion of SiC from (Zr_0.25Hf_0.25Ti_0.25Ta_0.25)C-30SiC middle layer to oxide layer is guided by sublimation, recrystallization and active oxidation. As SiO₂ diffuses into the ablation layer-II, it favors improving the viscosity of the (Ti/Ta)Ox enrichment areas formed by reversible peritectic transformation of (Zr,Hf)₆Ta₂O₁₇ and Zr(Hf)TiO₄, effectively maintaining the stability of the interface between the ablative and oxide layers.

在SiC涂层的C/C复合材料上依次喷涂（Zr0.25Hf0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25）C- 30sic涂层和（Zr0.25Hf0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25）C涂层，形成由内层到外层的SiC梯度复合涂层。在2100℃以上烧蚀90 s后，多层（Zr0.25Hf0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25）C/(Zr0.25Hf0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25)C- 30sic涂层的Rl和Rm分别为- 1.22 μm·s−1和- 0.636 mg·s−1。优异的烧蚀性能是由于碳化硅和高熵碳化物在烧蚀过程中析出相，形成具有协同效应的四层氧化物结构。SiC从（Zr0.25Hf0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25）C-30SiC中间层向氧化层的扩散是由升华、再结晶和活性氧化引导的。当SiO2扩散到烧蚀层ii时，有利于提高（Zr,Hf）6Ta2O17和Zr(Hf)TiO4可逆包晶转变形成的（Ti/Ta）Ox富集区粘度，有效保持烧蚀层与氧化层界面的稳定性。

{"title":"Effect of SiC gradient structure on ablation resistance of (Zr0.25Hf0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25)C multilayer coatings for C/C composites","authors":"Xiao Luo , Yixin Zhao , Xin Yang , Jia Sun , Qizhong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SiC-coated C/C composites were successively sprayed with (Zr<sub>0.25</sub>Hf<sub>0.25</sub>Ti<sub>0.25</sub>Ta<sub>0.25</sub>)C-30SiC coating and (Zr<sub>0.25</sub>Hf<sub>0.25</sub>Ti<sub>0.25</sub>Ta<sub>0.25</sub>)C coating to form SiC gradient composite coatings from inner layer to outer layer. After ablation above 2100 °C for 90 s, the R<sub>l</sub> and R<sub>m</sub> of multilayer (Zr<sub>0.25</sub>Hf<sub>0.25</sub>Ti<sub>0.25</sub>Ta<sub>0.25</sub>)C/(Zr<sub>0.25</sub>Hf<sub>0.25</sub>Ti<sub>0.25</sub>Ta<sub>0.25</sub>)C-30SiC coatings are −1.22 μm·s<sup>−1</sup> and −0.636 mg·s<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The excellent ablation property is attributed to the phase evolution of SiC and high entropy carbides during ablation, which forms a four-layer oxide structure with synergistic effects. The diffusion of SiC from (Zr<sub>0.25</sub>Hf<sub>0.25</sub>Ti<sub>0.25</sub>Ta<sub>0.25</sub>)C-30SiC middle layer to oxide layer is guided by sublimation, recrystallization and active oxidation. As SiO<sub>2</sub> diffuses into the ablation layer-II, it favors improving the viscosity of the (Ti/Ta)Ox enrichment areas formed by reversible peritectic transformation of (Zr,Hf)<sub>6</sub>Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>17</sub> and Zr(<em>Hf</em>)TiO<sub>4</sub>, effectively maintaining the stability of the interface between the ablative and oxide layers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133264"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing mechanical properties of AlCrFeNiTix high-entropy alloy coatings via Ti-induced sunflower microstructure ti诱导向日葵组织增强AlCrFeNiTix高熵合金涂层的力学性能

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133238

Kun Yue , Xuan Chen , Lin Wang , Meng Liu , Quan Xu , Furen Qin , Zhijun Wang , Changlin Yang , Zheng Chen

Laser cladding was employed to fabricate AlCrFeNiTi_x (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1) high-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings on Q235 steel substrates. The study systematically investigated the influence of Ti content on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the coatings. With increasing Ti content, the phase composition of the coatings transitioned from a BCC + B2 dual-phase structure to a BCC + B2 + L2₁ multiphase system. Ti addition promoted the formation of the L2₁ phase and induced a unique sunflower-like microstructure, characterized by L2₁ phase embedding within the sunflower structure. This microstructural evolution significantly enhanced the hardness and wear resistance of the coatings. The AlCrFeNiTi coating (x = 1) exhibited the highest microhardness of 750 HV, while the AlCrFeNiTi_0.5 coating showed the highest wear resistance with a wear volume of only 0.004 mm³, which is an order of magnitude lower than that of the Ti-free coating (0.034 mm³) However, excessive Ti content led to increased brittleness due to the growth of the L2₁ phase, resulting in a gradual decline in wear performance.

采用激光熔覆技术在Q235钢基体上制备了AlCrFeNiTix （x = 0、0.25、0.5、0.75和1）高熵合金（HEA）涂层。系统地研究了Ti含量对镀层相组成、显微组织和力学性能的影响。随着Ti含量的增加，涂层的相组成由BCC + B2双相结构转变为BCC + B2 + L21多相体系。Ti的加入促进了L21相的形成，并诱导了一种独特的向日葵状微观结构，其特征是L21相嵌入在向日葵结构中。这种显微组织的演变显著提高了涂层的硬度和耐磨性。AlCrFeNiTi涂层（x = 1）的显微硬度最高，为750 HV，而AlCrFeNiTi0.5涂层的耐磨性最高，磨损体积仅为0.004 mm3，比无Ti涂层（0.034 mm3）低一个数量级。然而，过量的Ti含量导致L21相的生长导致脆性增加，导致磨损性能逐渐下降。

{"title":"Enhancing mechanical properties of AlCrFeNiTix high-entropy alloy coatings via Ti-induced sunflower microstructure","authors":"Kun Yue , Xuan Chen , Lin Wang , Meng Liu , Quan Xu , Furen Qin , Zhijun Wang , Changlin Yang , Zheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser cladding was employed to fabricate AlCrFeNiTi<sub>x</sub> (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1) high-entropy alloy (HEA) coatings on Q235 steel substrates. The study systematically investigated the influence of Ti content on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the coatings. With increasing Ti content, the phase composition of the coatings transitioned from a BCC + B2 dual-phase structure to a BCC + B2 + L2<sub>1</sub> multiphase system. Ti addition promoted the formation of the L2<sub>1</sub> phase and induced a unique sunflower-like microstructure, characterized by L2<sub>1</sub> phase embedding within the sunflower structure. This microstructural evolution significantly enhanced the hardness and wear resistance of the coatings. The AlCrFeNiTi coating (x = 1) exhibited the highest microhardness of 750 HV, while the AlCrFeNiTi<sub>0.5</sub> coating showed the highest wear resistance with a wear volume of only 0.004 mm<sup>3</sup>, which is an order of magnitude lower than that of the Ti-free coating (0.034 mm<sup>3</sup>) However, excessive Ti content led to increased brittleness due to the growth of the L2<sub>1</sub> phase, resulting in a gradual decline in wear performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133238"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tailoring B2 phase precipitation via LDED and annealing to enhance tribological properties of low-density steel coatings 通过led和退火裁剪B2相析出以提高低密度钢涂层的摩擦学性能

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133252

Fengqin Ji , Songyang Zhang , Ming Pang , Chengning Li

To integrate lightweight design with wear resistance, Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel coatings were fabricated via laser directed energy deposition (LDED). Unlike conventional methods involving cold rolling and annealing to precipitate B2 phases, this study employed a novel approach whereby polygonal B2 phases were precipitated by controlling the laser power, followed by a post-annealing treatment at 900 °C for 15 min to form needle-type B2 phases. This strategy incorporated two distinct B2 phase morphologies into the coating, and their effects on wear property were systematically investigated. The results indicate that during the deposition process, polygonal B2 phases preferentially nucleated and progressively covered the ferrite matrix. As laser power increased from 1200 W to 1600 W, the content of polygonal B2 phases increased progressively, accompanied by a rise in BCC phase fraction from ∼19.2% to 26.0%. Concurrently, the size and content of κ-carbides and D0₃ phases also increased, leading to enhanced wear resistance. After annealing, submicron-scale needle-type B2 phases precipitated in the austenite. Together with the polygonal B2 phase containing nanoscale D0₃ phase, they formed a reinforcing skeleton, reducing the wear rates at room temperature and 550 °C to 7.647 × 10⁻⁵ mm³N⁻¹ m⁻¹ and 0.304 × 10⁻⁵ mm³N⁻¹ m⁻¹, respectively. The annealing process also promoted the dissolution of κ-carbides and a reduction in size of D0₃ phases. The superior wear resistance is attributed to a multiscale synergistic mechanism involving the strengthening effect of the dual-morphology B2 phases and the protective role of the oxide layer. This study provides a novel pathway for designing lightweight wear-resistant coatings for high-temperature applications.

为了将轻量化设计与耐磨性结合起来，采用激光定向能沉积（LDED）技术制备了Fe-Mn-Al-C低密度钢涂层。不同于传统的冷轧退火析出B2相的方法，本研究采用了一种新颖的方法，即通过控制激光功率析出多边形B2相，然后在900°C下退火15分钟形成针状B2相。该策略将两种不同的B2相形态纳入涂层中，并系统地研究了它们对磨损性能的影响。结果表明，在沉积过程中，多边形B2相优先形核并逐渐覆盖铁素体基体。当激光功率从1200 W增加到1600 W时，多边形B2相的含量逐渐增加，BCC相分数从~ 19.2%增加到26.0%。同时，κ-碳化物和D03相的尺寸和含量也增加，耐磨性增强。退火后，亚微米尺度的针状B2相在奥氏体中析出。它们与含有纳米级D03相的多边形B2相一起形成强化骨架，使室温和550℃下的磨损率分别降至7.647 × 10−5 mm3N−1 m−1和0.304 × 10−5 mm3N−1 m−1。退火过程还促进了κ-碳化物的溶解和D0₃相的减小。双形态B2相的强化作用和氧化层的保护作用是复合材料优异耐磨性的多尺度协同机制。该研究为设计高温应用的轻质耐磨涂层提供了新的途径。

{"title":"Tailoring B2 phase precipitation via LDED and annealing to enhance tribological properties of low-density steel coatings","authors":"Fengqin Ji , Songyang Zhang , Ming Pang , Chengning Li","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To integrate lightweight design with wear resistance, Fe-Mn-Al-C low-density steel coatings were fabricated via laser directed energy deposition (LDED). Unlike conventional methods involving cold rolling and annealing to precipitate B2 phases, this study employed a novel approach whereby polygonal B2 phases were precipitated by controlling the laser power, followed by a post-annealing treatment at 900 °C for 15 min to form needle-type B2 phases. This strategy incorporated two distinct B2 phase morphologies into the coating, and their effects on wear property were systematically investigated. The results indicate that during the deposition process, polygonal B2 phases preferentially nucleated and progressively covered the ferrite matrix. As laser power increased from 1200 W to 1600 W, the content of polygonal B2 phases increased progressively, accompanied by a rise in BCC phase fraction from ∼19.2% to 26.0%. Concurrently, the size and content of κ-carbides and D0<sub>3</sub> phases also increased, leading to enhanced wear resistance. After annealing, submicron-scale needle-type B2 phases precipitated in the austenite. Together with the polygonal B2 phase containing nanoscale D0<sub>3</sub> phase, they formed a reinforcing skeleton, reducing the wear rates at room temperature and 550 °C to 7.647 × 10<sup>−5</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>N<sup>−1</sup> m<sup>−1</sup> and 0.304 × 10<sup>−5</sup> mm<sup>3</sup>N<sup>−1</sup> m<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The annealing process also promoted the dissolution of κ-carbides and a reduction in size of D0₃ phases. The superior wear resistance is attributed to a multiscale synergistic mechanism involving the strengthening effect of the dual-morphology B2 phases and the protective role of the oxide layer. This study provides a novel pathway for designing lightweight wear-resistant coatings for high-temperature applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133252"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Defect-modulated nanolayered TiN/AlSiN coating with exceptional durability against marine corrosion 缺陷调制纳米层TiN/AlSiN涂层具有优异的耐海洋腐蚀耐久性

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133255

Mao Li , Zhiqi Feng , Zhonghao Liu , Qiance Q.I. Zhang , Egemen Avcu , Bin Zhu , Xuanpu Dong , Jeff Th.M. De Hosson , Huatang Cao

Corrosion of components exposed to marine environment results in significant economic losses, underscoring the urgent need for development of durable coatings to resist chloride-induced degradation. In this work, a ∼ 3 μm-thick nanolayered TiN/AlSiN coating was deposited on Ti-6Al-4 V alloy by cathodic arc ion plating through alternating TiN and AlSiN layers, and its performance was systematically compared with single-layer TiN and AlSiN coatings and the corrosion protection and failure mechanisms in marine environments are elucidated. Results show that the multilayer architecture transforms detrimental three-dimensional (3D) droplet defects in AlSiN into less harmful two-dimensional (2D) interlayer defects, thereby mitigates their role in corrosion initiation. Electrochemical testing demonstrates that the multilayer achieves the highest corrosion potential (−0.33 V) and reduces corrosion current density by ∼93% relative to TiN, evidencing superior chloride resistance in seawater. Long-term salt spray testing (960 h) further confirms sustained protection in a marine atmosphere, where a unique three-layered degradation structure retards coating failure. These findings establish a new paradigm in defect modulation, suggesting that multilayer design not only enhances mechanical robustness but also reconfigures unavoidable deposition defects into controllable lateral forms, thereby extending service durability under marine atmospheric exposure.

暴露在海洋环境中的组件的腐蚀会导致重大的经济损失，因此迫切需要开发耐用的涂层来抵抗氯化物引起的降解。本文采用阴极电弧交替镀TiN和AlSiN层的方法，在ti - 6al - 4v合金表面沉积了一层~ 3 μm厚的纳米TiN/AlSiN涂层，并与单层TiN和AlSiN涂层进行了系统的性能比较，阐明了其在海洋环境中的防腐和失效机理。结果表明，多层结构将AlSiN中有害的三维（3D）液滴缺陷转变为危害较小的二维（2D）层间缺陷，从而减轻了它们在腐蚀引发中的作用。电化学测试表明，与TiN相比，多层膜的腐蚀电位最高（- 0.33 V），腐蚀电流密度降低约93%，在海水中具有优异的耐氯性。长期盐雾测试（960小时）进一步证实了在海洋大气中的持续保护作用，在海洋大气中，独特的三层降解结构延缓了涂层的失效。这些发现建立了缺陷调制的新范式，表明多层设计不仅提高了机械稳健性，而且将不可避免的沉积缺陷重新配置为可控的横向形式，从而延长了海洋大气暴露下的使用耐久性。

{"title":"Defect-modulated nanolayered TiN/AlSiN coating with exceptional durability against marine corrosion","authors":"Mao Li , Zhiqi Feng , Zhonghao Liu , Qiance Q.I. Zhang , Egemen Avcu , Bin Zhu , Xuanpu Dong , Jeff Th.M. De Hosson , Huatang Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133255","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133255","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corrosion of components exposed to marine environment results in significant economic losses, underscoring the urgent need for development of durable coatings to resist chloride-induced degradation. In this work, a ∼ 3 μm-thick nanolayered TiN/AlSiN coating was deposited on Ti-6Al-4 V alloy by cathodic arc ion plating through alternating TiN and AlSiN layers, and its performance was systematically compared with single-layer TiN and AlSiN coatings and the corrosion protection and failure mechanisms in marine environments are elucidated. Results show that the multilayer architecture transforms detrimental three-dimensional (3D) droplet defects in AlSiN into less harmful two-dimensional (2D) interlayer defects, thereby mitigates their role in corrosion initiation. Electrochemical testing demonstrates that the multilayer achieves the highest corrosion potential (−0.33 V) and reduces corrosion current density by ∼93% relative to TiN, evidencing superior chloride resistance in seawater. Long-term salt spray testing (960 h) further confirms sustained protection in a marine atmosphere, where a unique three-layered degradation structure retards coating failure. These findings establish a new paradigm in defect modulation, suggesting that multilayer design not only enhances mechanical robustness but also reconfigures unavoidable deposition defects into controllable lateral forms, thereby extending service durability under marine atmospheric exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133255"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of oxygen and nitrogen plasma treatments in improving bioactivity and long-term stability of PEO-modified titanium 氧和氮等离子体处理在提高peo改性钛的生物活性和长期稳定性中的作用

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133251

Sebastian Kanik , Izabella Ślęzak-Prochazka , Mateusz Dulski , Robert Gawecki , Daniel Wójcik , Mehdi Baghayeri , Rafał Zieliński , Wojciech Simka

Electrochemical processes on titanium and its alloys play a crucial role in the biomaterials industry. Such methods, as a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) are commonly used in the process of producing a porous surface, which provides a better interaction at the bone-implant interface. Nevertheless, PEO surfaces tend to lose their hydrophilicity and bioactivity after certain amount of time. It is a phenomenon called surface ageing. By using surface-activating processes like plasma treatment, it is possible to prevent it and increase the association between the endoskeleton and implant. The main objective of that study is to quantitatively evaluate how O₂ and N₂ plasma treatments influence surface ageing, wettability, morphology, and composition of PEO-coated titanium over 14 days. The O₂/N₂ plasma cleaning seem to detach carbon contaminants, which made the surfaces extra hydrophilic. That modification of the coatings also made the surfaces more bioactive by enhancing the cell adhesion and proliferation. Wettability has slightly diminished with time. Nonetheless, the process of ageing has decelerated. Obtained results suggest that plasma cleaning affects positively on the surface properties, what makes the treatment worthy of further investigations. That study is one of a few, which examine the time-dependent degradation of PEO coatings after plasma treatment, providing an overview of their long-term performance.

钛及其合金的电化学过程在生物材料工业中起着至关重要的作用。等离子体电解氧化（PEO）等方法通常用于产生多孔表面的过程，从而在骨-植入物界面处提供更好的相互作用。然而，PEO表面在一定时间后会失去亲水性和生物活性。这种现象被称为表面老化。通过使用等离子体处理等表面激活过程，可以预防它并增加内骨骼和植入物之间的联系。该研究的主要目的是定量评估O₂和N₂等离子体处理在14天内对peo涂层钛的表面老化、润湿性、形貌和成分的影响。O2/N2等离子体清洗似乎可以分离碳污染物，这使得表面更加亲水。这种涂层的修饰也通过增强细胞的粘附和增殖使表面更具生物活性。随着时间的推移，润湿性略有下降。尽管如此，老龄化的进程已经减缓。获得的结果表明，等离子体清洗对表面性能有积极的影响，这使得该处理值得进一步研究。该研究是少数几个研究等离子体处理后PEO涂层的时间依赖性降解的研究之一，提供了其长期性能的概述。

{"title":"The role of oxygen and nitrogen plasma treatments in improving bioactivity and long-term stability of PEO-modified titanium","authors":"Sebastian Kanik , Izabella Ślęzak-Prochazka , Mateusz Dulski , Robert Gawecki , Daniel Wójcik , Mehdi Baghayeri , Rafał Zieliński , Wojciech Simka","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrochemical processes on titanium and its alloys play a crucial role in the biomaterials industry. Such methods, as a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) are commonly used in the process of producing a porous surface, which provides a better interaction at the bone-implant interface. Nevertheless, PEO surfaces tend to lose their hydrophilicity and bioactivity after certain amount of time. It is a phenomenon called surface ageing. By using surface-activating processes like plasma treatment, it is possible to prevent it and increase the association between the endoskeleton and implant. The main objective of that study is to quantitatively evaluate how O₂ and N₂ plasma treatments influence surface ageing, wettability, morphology, and composition of PEO-coated titanium over 14 days. The O<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> plasma cleaning seem to detach carbon contaminants, which made the surfaces extra hydrophilic. That modification of the coatings also made the surfaces more bioactive by enhancing the cell adhesion and proliferation. Wettability has slightly diminished with time. Nonetheless, the process of ageing has decelerated. Obtained results suggest that plasma cleaning affects positively on the surface properties, what makes the treatment worthy of further investigations. That study is one of a few, which examine the time-dependent degradation of PEO coatings after plasma treatment, providing an overview of their long-term performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133251"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tensile and thermal properties of freestanding APS-8YSZ coatings at high temperatures 独立式APS-8YSZ涂层的高温拉伸和热性能

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133253

Mahavir Singh , G. Sivakumar , Krishna N. Jonnalagadda

This work investigated the high-temperature thermomechanical behavior of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), with a focus on failure mechanisms critical for ensuring thermal resistance and reliability under extreme conditions. High-resolution, in situ tensile and thermal expansion experiments were conducted on freestanding 8 wt% Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ) coatings of two different thicknesses, deposited using air plasma spray method, over a temperature range of up to 800 °C. Using custom designed infrared heat sources, fast heating rate up to 200 °C/s was achieved, with uniform temperature over the region of interest. Simultaneous thermal and dual-speed optical imaging were performed, to measure temperature distribution, full-field deformation and track crack nucleation and growth. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) measured with contact free measurements was found to be 12.25 × 10⁻⁶ ^°C−1 for thin coatings and 13.0 × 10⁻⁶ ^°C−1 for thick coatings in the temperature range of 300–800 °C. The modulus of 8YSZ coatings increased with temperature from 8.3 GPa to 11.7 GPa and from 6.6 GPa to 8.0 GPa, for thin and thick coatings, respectively. The uniaxial tension behavior was non-linear at room and high temperatures with three different stages. Further, sintering at high temperature particularly extended the first stage. At 800 °C, it was found that thermal softening effect was minor compared to sintering and high temperatures increased both strength and stiffness. Finally, the failure was different for thick and thin coatings, with heterogeneous and gradual failure in thick coatings, compared to through-thickness cracks causing sudden failure in thin coatings.

这项工作研究了热障涂层（tbc）的高温热力学行为，重点研究了在极端条件下确保热阻和可靠性的关键失效机制。采用空气等离子体喷涂方法，在高达800℃的温度范围内，对两种不同厚度的独立8wt %钇稳定氧化锆（8YSZ）涂层进行了高分辨率的原位拉伸和热膨胀实验。使用定制设计的红外热源，可以实现高达200°C/s的快速加热速率，并且在感兴趣的区域内温度均匀。同时进行热成像和双速光学成像，测量温度分布、全场变形和跟踪裂纹的形核和扩展。在300 ~ 800℃的温度范围内，用无接触法测得的热膨胀系数（CTE）为：薄涂层为12.25 × 10−6°C−1，厚涂层为13.0 × 10−6°C−1。8YSZ涂层的模量随温度升高，薄层和厚层的模量分别从8.3 GPa增加到11.7 GPa和6.6 GPa增加到8.0 GPa。在室温和高温下，单轴拉伸行为呈非线性，并有三个不同阶段。此外，高温烧结特别延长了第一阶段。在800℃时，与烧结相比，热软化作用较小，高温可提高强度和刚度。最后，厚涂层和薄涂层的破坏是不同的，厚涂层的破坏是不均匀的和渐进的，而薄涂层的破坏是通过厚度裂纹引起的突然破坏。

{"title":"Tensile and thermal properties of freestanding APS-8YSZ coatings at high temperatures","authors":"Mahavir Singh , G. Sivakumar , Krishna N. Jonnalagadda","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigated the high-temperature thermomechanical behavior of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), with a focus on failure mechanisms critical for ensuring thermal resistance and reliability under extreme conditions. High-resolution, in situ tensile and thermal expansion experiments were conducted on freestanding 8 wt% Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ) coatings of two different thicknesses, deposited using air plasma spray method, over a temperature range of up to 800 °C. Using custom designed infrared heat sources, fast heating rate up to 200 °C/s was achieved, with uniform temperature over the region of interest. Simultaneous thermal and dual-speed optical imaging were performed, to measure temperature distribution, full-field deformation and track crack nucleation and growth. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) measured with contact free measurements was found to be 12.25 × 10<sup>−6</sup> <sup>°C−1</sup> for thin coatings and 13.0 × 10<sup>−6</sup> <sup>°C−1</sup> for thick coatings in the temperature range of 300–800 °C. The modulus of 8YSZ coatings increased with temperature from 8.3 GPa to 11.7 GPa and from 6.6 GPa to 8.0 GPa, for thin and thick coatings, respectively. The uniaxial tension behavior was non-linear at room and high temperatures with three different stages. Further, sintering at high temperature particularly extended the first stage. At 800 °C, it was found that thermal softening effect was minor compared to sintering and high temperatures increased both strength and stiffness. Finally, the failure was different for thick and thin coatings, with heterogeneous and gradual failure in thick coatings, compared to through-thickness cracks causing sudden failure in thin coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133253"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Superior oxidation and erosion resistant nanolayered multilayered Cr/Cr2N coating on Ti6Al4V for high-temperature applications 高温Ti6Al4V纳米多层Cr/Cr2N涂层具有优异的抗氧化和抗侵蚀性能

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133249

Venkataramana Bonu , Sai Kumar K. , Sudharsan G. , Praveen Kumar V. , Harish C. Barshilia

Solid particle erosion and oxidation-assisted erosion at temperatures above 400 °C severely affect Ti6Al4V components such as gas turbine compressor blades. To address this issue, an erosion- and oxidation-resistant Cr/Cr₂N multilayer coating with gradient interfaces (thickness ~ 11 μm, bi-layer period ~8 nm) was developed on Ti6Al4V. The phase of the as-deposited coating by magnetron sputtering was Cr/CrN; further annealing of this coating at 400 °C resulted in Cr/Cr₂N. Initially, individual Cr, CrN, and Cr/CrN films (thickness ~ 1.5 μm) were deposited to study crystallographic properties. The as-deposited multilayer film exhibited a broad XRD peak related to Cr/CrN phase. However, after annealing at 400 °C, the film phase transformed into a well-crystallized Cr/Cr₂N structure. The erosion resistance of the ~11 μm thick coating was studied from room temperature to 800 °C following ASTM-G76 standard. The average erosion resistance of the coated Ti6Al4V (at different impinging angles) was ~76 times higher than that of bare Ti6Al4V at 400 °C @ 30 m/s erodent speed. In addition, the coated Ti6Al4V exhibited superior erosion resistance up to 800 °C, compared to bare Ti6Al4V. Bare Ti6Al4V exhibited oxidation-induced brittle cracking at temperatures ≥600 °C, whereas the coating did not show any cracks. Oxidation tests at 800 °C for 30 min revealed severe material loss (~11 μm) for bare Ti6Al4V, while a thin, stable Cr₂O₃ layer (~1 μm) formed on Cr/Cr₂N coating, confirming its excellent high-temperature oxidation and erosion resistance performance at higher temperatures. Additionally, the high-temperature erosion mechanism for both coated and uncoated Ti6Al4V is also explained.

在400℃以上的温度下，固体颗粒侵蚀和氧化辅助侵蚀严重影响Ti6Al4V部件，如燃气轮机压气机叶片。为了解决这一问题，在Ti6Al4V表面制备了一种具有梯度界面（厚度~ 11 μm，双层周期~8 nm）的Cr/Cr₂N多层膜。磁控溅射沉积的镀层相为Cr/CrN；在400℃下进一步退火，得到Cr/Cr2N。首先，分别沉积Cr、CrN和Cr/CrN薄膜（厚度~ 1.5 μm），研究其晶体学性能。沉积的多层膜表现出与Cr/CrN相相关的宽XRD峰。然而，在400℃退火后，膜相转变为结晶良好的Cr/Cr₂N结构。按照ASTM-G76标准，研究了~11 μm厚涂层在室温~ 800℃的耐蚀性能。在400℃、30 m/s腐蚀速度下，涂层Ti6Al4V的平均耐蚀性（不同冲击角度下）是裸Ti6Al4V的76倍。此外，与裸Ti6Al4V相比，涂层Ti6Al4V在高达800°C的温度下表现出更好的耐腐蚀性。当温度≥600℃时，裸Ti6Al4V表现出氧化脆裂，而涂层未表现出任何裂纹。在800℃、30 min的氧化实验中，裸Ti6Al4V的材料损失严重（~11 μm），而Cr/Cr₂N涂层上形成了一层薄的、稳定的Cr₂O₃（~1 μm）层，证实了其在高温下优异的耐高温氧化和耐冲蚀性能。此外，还解释了涂层和未涂层Ti6Al4V的高温侵蚀机理。

{"title":"Superior oxidation and erosion resistant nanolayered multilayered Cr/Cr2N coating on Ti6Al4V for high-temperature applications","authors":"Venkataramana Bonu , Sai Kumar K. , Sudharsan G. , Praveen Kumar V. , Harish C. Barshilia","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid particle erosion and oxidation-assisted erosion at temperatures above 400 °C severely affect Ti6Al4V components such as gas turbine compressor blades. To address this issue, an erosion- and oxidation-resistant Cr/Cr₂N multilayer coating with gradient interfaces (thickness ~ 11 μm, bi-layer period ~8 nm) was developed on Ti6Al4V. The phase of the as-deposited coating by magnetron sputtering was Cr/CrN; further annealing of this coating at 400 °C resulted in Cr/Cr<sub>2</sub>N. Initially, individual Cr, CrN, and Cr/CrN films (thickness ~ 1.5 μm) were deposited to study crystallographic properties. The as-deposited multilayer film exhibited a broad XRD peak related to Cr/CrN phase. However, after annealing at 400 °C, the film phase transformed into a well-crystallized Cr/Cr₂N structure. The erosion resistance of the ~11 μm thick coating was studied from room temperature to 800 °C following ASTM-G76 standard. The average erosion resistance of the coated Ti6Al4V (at different impinging angles) was ~76 times higher than that of bare Ti6Al4V at 400 °C @ 30 m/s erodent speed. In addition, the coated Ti6Al4V exhibited superior erosion resistance up to 800 °C, compared to bare Ti6Al4V. Bare Ti6Al4V exhibited oxidation-induced brittle cracking at temperatures ≥600 °C, whereas the coating did not show any cracks. Oxidation tests at 800 °C for 30 min revealed severe material loss (~11 μm) for bare Ti6Al4V, while a thin, stable Cr₂O₃ layer (~1 μm) formed on Cr/Cr₂N coating, confirming its excellent high-temperature oxidation and erosion resistance performance at higher temperatures. Additionally, the high-temperature erosion mechanism for both coated and uncoated Ti6Al4V is also explained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133249"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing hBN-PHB composites to enhance high-speed tribological performance of CoCrAlY abradable seal coatings for Ti2AlNb compressor 优化hBN-PHB复合材料以提高Ti2AlNb压缩机CoCrAlY可磨损密封涂层的高速摩擦学性能

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133229

Rui He , Shuai Yang , Ning Li , Yanhao Che , Peixuan Geng , Zizhuo Liu , Jiqiang Wang , Tianying Xiong , Xinyu Cui

To address the challenge of sealing clearance control in high-performance aero-engine compressors, this study developed a novel CoCrAlY-hBN-PHB abradable seal coating system for Ti₂AlNb components operating at ~650 °C. The work systematically investigated the effects of hBN (5–15 wt%) and PHB (2–10 wt%) content on the microstructure and high-speed tribological performance of coatings. The results demonstrate that coating hardness could be effectively tailored through composition design, but excessive hBN (>10 wt%) reduced deposition efficiency and induced anomalous hardening in the 15hBN + 10PHB coating due to in-situ compaction effects. Coating hardness was inversely correlated with abradability. Although the softest 10hBN + 10PHB coating exhibited optimal abradability, its excessively high interconnected porosity could compromise structural integrity and corrosion resistance. Tribological analysis revealed that the superior temperature rise rate of the blade tip caused preferential heat accumulation, generating localized temperatures exceeding 1072 °C that triggered B2 phase transformation and material transfer to the coating via microwelding. Concurrently, work hardening of the coating surface further degraded abradability and increased blade wear. The 15hBN + 6PHB composition was identified as the most balanced formulation, though further improvements by architectural grading, hBN/PHB distribution optimization, and blade tip thermal protection are necessary for practical application. This work elucidates the critical thermo-mechanical coupling mechanisms governing Ti₂AlNb/coating interactions and provides essential insights for designing next-generation abradable seal coating system.

为了解决高性能航空发动机压气机密封间隙控制的挑战，本研究开发了一种新型的CoCrAlY-hBN-PHB可磨损密封涂层系统，用于工作在~650℃的Ti2AlNb部件。系统研究了hBN （5 - 15wt %）和PHB （2 - 10wt %）含量对涂层组织和高速摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明，通过成分设计可以有效地调整涂层硬度，但过量的hBN （>10 wt%）降低了15hBN + 10PHB涂层的沉积效率，并由于原位压实效应导致涂层异常硬化。涂层硬度与耐磨性呈负相关。虽然最软的10hBN + 10PHB涂层具有最佳的耐磨性，但其过高的互连孔隙率可能会影响结构的完整性和耐腐蚀性。摩擦学分析表明，叶片尖端的优越温升速率有利于热积累，产生超过1072℃的局部温度，引发B2相变和材料通过微焊向涂层转移。同时，涂层表面的加工硬化进一步降低了耐磨性，增加了叶片磨损。15hBN + 6PHB组合被认为是最平衡的配方，但在实际应用中需要进一步改进建筑分级、hBN/PHB分布优化和叶尖热防护。这项工作阐明了控制Ti2AlNb/涂层相互作用的关键热-机械耦合机制，并为设计下一代可磨损密封涂层系统提供了重要见解。

{"title":"Optimizing hBN-PHB composites to enhance high-speed tribological performance of CoCrAlY abradable seal coatings for Ti2AlNb compressor","authors":"Rui He , Shuai Yang , Ning Li , Yanhao Che , Peixuan Geng , Zizhuo Liu , Jiqiang Wang , Tianying Xiong , Xinyu Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenge of sealing clearance control in high-performance aero-engine compressors, this study developed a novel CoCrAlY-hBN-PHB abradable seal coating system for Ti<sub>2</sub>AlNb components operating at ~650 °C. The work systematically investigated the effects of hBN (5–15 wt%) and PHB (2–10 wt%) content on the microstructure and high-speed tribological performance of coatings. The results demonstrate that coating hardness could be effectively tailored through composition design, but excessive hBN (>10 wt%) reduced deposition efficiency and induced anomalous hardening in the 15hBN + 10PHB coating due to in-situ compaction effects. Coating hardness was inversely correlated with abradability. Although the softest 10hBN + 10PHB coating exhibited optimal abradability, its excessively high interconnected porosity could compromise structural integrity and corrosion resistance. Tribological analysis revealed that the superior temperature rise rate of the blade tip caused preferential heat accumulation, generating localized temperatures exceeding 1072 °C that triggered B2 phase transformation and material transfer to the coating via microwelding. Concurrently, work hardening of the coating surface further degraded abradability and increased blade wear. The 15hBN + 6PHB composition was identified as the most balanced formulation, though further improvements by architectural grading, hBN/PHB distribution optimization, and blade tip thermal protection are necessary for practical application. This work elucidates the critical thermo-mechanical coupling mechanisms governing Ti<sub>2</sub>AlNb/coating interactions and provides essential insights for designing next-generation abradable seal coating system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133229"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual functionality of Zn-implanted PEO coatings on Ti6Al4V: Antibacterial activity and wear resistance Ti6Al4V表面注入锌的PEO涂层的双重功能：抗菌活性和耐磨性

IF 6.1 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COATINGS & FILMS

Surface & Coatings Technology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133239

Victor Velho de Castro , Daniel Augusto Krieger Coutinho , Victor Rosa dos Santos , Heitor Hatwig , Eduardo Pitthan , Natasha Maurmann , Vitória Milech , Matheus Bullmann , Leonardo Moreira dos Santos , Lorenza Corti Villa , Alice Elvira Teixeira dos Santos , Rodrigo Bassani Lopes , Fernanda Cortez Lopes , Patricia Pranke , Cesar Aguzzoli , Antonio Marcos Helgueira de Andrade , Célia de Fraga Malfatti

In surgical procedures, reusable instruments must undergo cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. Thus, rigorous attention to sterilization is essential to prevent cross-contamination, and some surgical instruments may also require wear resistance. There is a gap in the literature concerning the development of Zn-incorporated PEO coatings that combine antibacterial activity with tribological properties. The novelty of this study lies in the approach to improve Ti6Al4V wear resistance and antibacterial performance through nanostructured coatings produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) with simultaneous incorporation of Zn and Ti oxides. The results indicated that the antibacterial activity of the Zn-free PEO coatings against E. coli was mainly associated with photocatalytic effects related to the anatase phase of TiO₂. In contrast, the inactivation of S. epidermidis was lower, consistent with the higher resistance characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria. For the Zn-incorporated coatings, the reduction in S. epidermidis growth was primarily governed by the leaching of Zn ions, while reactive oxygen species generated by the photocatalytic effects of the coatings also contributed to the observed activity. Coatings with higher proportions of ZnTiO₃ led to a more pronounced inhibition of bacterial growth. Zn-incorporated coatings reduced cell viability by over 70%, altered the area and morphology of fibroblast. The tribological behavior was influenced by zinc incorporation and microstructure, with TiO₂ contributing to wear resistance and ZnTiO₃ improving lubricity.

在外科手术中，可重复使用的器械必须经过清洁、消毒和灭菌。因此，严格注意灭菌对于防止交叉污染是必不可少的，并且一些手术器械也可能要求耐磨损。关于结合抗菌活性和摩擦学性能的含锌PEO涂层的开发，文献中存在空白。本研究的新颖之处在于通过等离子体电解氧化（PEO）制备纳米结构涂层，同时掺入Zn和Ti氧化物，从而提高Ti6Al4V的耐磨性和抗菌性能。结果表明，无锌PEO涂层对大肠杆菌的抑菌活性主要与tio2锐钛矿相的光催化作用有关。相比之下，表皮葡萄球菌的失活率较低，与革兰氏阳性菌的高抗性特性一致。对于含锌涂层，表皮葡萄球菌生长的减少主要是由Zn离子的浸出控制的，而涂层光催化作用产生的活性氧也有助于观察到的活性。含有较高比例ZnTiO₃的涂层对细菌生长的抑制作用更明显。含锌涂层降低了70%以上的细胞活力，改变了成纤维细胞的面积和形态。锌的掺入量和微观结构对摩擦磨损性能有影响，tio_2有助于提高耐磨性，zntio_3提高润滑性。

{"title":"Dual functionality of Zn-implanted PEO coatings on Ti6Al4V: Antibacterial activity and wear resistance","authors":"Victor Velho de Castro , Daniel Augusto Krieger Coutinho , Victor Rosa dos Santos , Heitor Hatwig , Eduardo Pitthan , Natasha Maurmann , Vitória Milech , Matheus Bullmann , Leonardo Moreira dos Santos , Lorenza Corti Villa , Alice Elvira Teixeira dos Santos , Rodrigo Bassani Lopes , Fernanda Cortez Lopes , Patricia Pranke , Cesar Aguzzoli , Antonio Marcos Helgueira de Andrade , Célia de Fraga Malfatti","doi":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.surfcoat.2026.133239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In surgical procedures, reusable instruments must undergo cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. Thus, rigorous attention to sterilization is essential to prevent cross-contamination, and some surgical instruments may also require wear resistance. There is a gap in the literature concerning the development of Zn-incorporated PEO coatings that combine antibacterial activity with tribological properties. The novelty of this study lies in the approach to improve Ti6Al4V wear resistance and antibacterial performance through nanostructured coatings produced by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) with simultaneous incorporation of Zn and Ti oxides. The results indicated that the antibacterial activity of the Zn-free PEO coatings against <em>E. coli</em> was mainly associated with photocatalytic effects related to the anatase phase of TiO₂. In contrast, the inactivation of <em>S. epidermidis</em> was lower, consistent with the higher resistance characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria. For the Zn-incorporated coatings, the reduction in <em>S. epidermidis</em> growth was primarily governed by the leaching of Zn ions, while reactive oxygen species generated by the photocatalytic effects of the coatings also contributed to the observed activity. Coatings with higher proportions of ZnTiO₃ led to a more pronounced inhibition of bacterial growth. Zn-incorporated coatings reduced cell viability by over 70%, altered the area and morphology of fibroblast. The tribological behavior was influenced by zinc incorporation and microstructure, with TiO₂ contributing to wear resistance and ZnTiO₃ improving lubricity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22009,"journal":{"name":"Surface & Coatings Technology","volume":"524 ","pages":"Article 133239"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0