Sustainable Materials and Technologies最新文献_第5页

Magnetic biochar functionalized with amino acid ionic liquid as a sustainable composite adsorbent: Synergistic enhancement of hydrogen bonding for effective norfloxacin adsorption 磁性生物炭与氨基酸离子液体功能化作为可持续的复合吸附剂：协同增强氢键以有效吸附诺氟沙星

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01810

Xianzhao Zhang, Peirong Zhang, Fengmao Liu, Xuehui Chen, Qingrong Peng

The increasing contamination of water with antibiotics like norfloxacin (NOR) poses a risk to the environment. This study introduced a sustainable solution by developing a novel magnetic biochar composite functionalized with amino acid ionic liquids (AAILs) for efficient NOR adsorption. The biochar was optimized using central composite design, and 1-ethyl-1-methyl-pyrrolidinium glycinate was selected for modification of the magnetic biochar. The adsorption behavior fit well to both pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm. The optimal MPBC/AAIL composite demonstrated a remarkable NOR adsorption capacity of 296.8 mg·g^-1 at 298 K, significantly surpassing that of unmodified materials (113.4 mg·g^-1). The adsorption mechanism involved multiple interactions, including electrostatic attraction, pore-filling, hydrogen bonding, and π-π electron donor-acceptor interactions. Characterization, site energy distribution and density functional theory analyses revealed that introducing AAIL enhanced the oxygen-containing functional groups and facilitated hydrogen bonding, which emerged as the primary adsorption driving force. The material was resistant to environmental variations (pH, coexisting ions, and dissolved organic matter) and retained 79% capacity after five reuse cycles, achieving over 99% NOR removal in real water, while demonstrating excellent biocompatibility. This work highlights the role of functionalized biochar composites in addressing antibiotic contamination in water, providing a sustainable alternative to conventional materials.

诺氟沙星（NOR）等抗生素对水的污染日益严重，对环境构成了威胁。本研究通过开发一种新型的氨基酸离子液体功能化的磁性生物炭复合材料，为高效吸附NOR提供了一种可持续的解决方案。采用中心复合设计对生物炭进行优化，选择1-乙基-1-甲基-甘氨酸吡咯吡啶对磁性生物炭进行改性。吸附行为符合拟二级动力学和Langmuir等温线。最佳的MPBC/AAIL复合材料在298 K下对NOR的吸附量为296.8 mg·g-1，显著优于未改性材料的113.4 mg·g-1。吸附机理涉及多种相互作用，包括静电吸引、孔隙填充、氢键和π-π电子供体-受体相互作用。表征、位点能量分布和密度泛函理论分析表明，引入AAIL增强了含氧官能团，促进了氢键的形成，成为吸附的主要驱动力。该材料耐环境变化（pH值、共存离子和溶解有机物），在5次重复使用循环后仍保持79%的容量，在真实水中实现99%以上的NOR去除，同时表现出优异的生物相容性。这项工作强调了功能化生物炭复合材料在解决水中抗生素污染方面的作用，为传统材料提供了一种可持续的替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis and characterization of geopolymer foam based on construction and demolition waste 建筑垃圾地聚合物泡沫的合成与表征

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01875

Francesca Servadei , Valentina Medri , Annalisa Natali Murri, Elettra Papa, Francesco Miccio, Elena Landi

Construction and demolition waste (CDW) represents one of the largest waste streams worldwide, and its reuse in high-value applications is a key challenge in the transition toward circular economy. This work demonstrates for the first time that unsorted CDW can be used as the main aluminosilicate precursor (60 wt%) to fabricate geopolymer foams with 74% total porosity, filling a gap in CDW-based geopolymer research, which has so far focused on dense matrices or separated waste fractions. A direct foaming approach was employed using hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) as a blowing agent to generate a macroporous structure. Macro-microstructural, mechanical, gas permeation, and thermal properties of the resulting geopolymer foam were analyzed. The bulk density was about 0.62 g/cm³ with a bimodal distribution in the mesopore to ultra-macropore range, and the compressive strength exceeded 2 MPa. Gas permeability measurements indicated comparable performance to gel-cast foams and honeycomb filters. The foam showed a thermal conductivity of 0.166 W/(m·K) and good thermal stability up to 650 °C, above which sintering occurred leading to a shrinkage of about 15%. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of valorizing unsorted CDW into lightweight geopolymer foams with high porosity, providing a novel and cost-effective route for thermal insulation materials in the construction sector.

建筑和拆除垃圾（CDW）是世界上最大的废物流之一，其在高价值应用中的再利用是向循环经济过渡的关键挑战。这项工作首次证明，未分选的CDW可以作为主要的铝硅酸盐前驱体（60% wt%）来制造总孔隙率为74%的地聚合物泡沫，填补了迄今为止基于CDW的地聚合物研究的空白，该研究主要集中在致密基质或分离的废物馏分上。以过氧化氢（H2O2）为发泡剂，采用直接发泡法生成大孔结构。对所得地聚合物泡沫的宏观微观结构、力学性能、气体渗透性和热性能进行了分析。体积密度约为0.62 g/cm3，在中孔-超大孔范围内呈双峰分布，抗压强度大于2 MPa。透气性测量表明，性能可与凝胶铸造泡沫和蜂窝过滤器相媲美。该泡沫的导热系数为0.166 W/(m·K)，在650℃温度下具有良好的热稳定性，在650℃以上发生烧结，收缩率约为15%。这些发现证明了将未分类的CDW固化成轻质高孔隙率地聚合物泡沫的可行性，为建筑领域的保温材料提供了一种新颖而经济的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Self-extinguishing and hydrophobic epoxy composites containing hydrothermal liquefaction-derived biochar and whisker-like particles based on tailored PVP-coated silica fibers 含有水热液化衍生生物炭和基于定制pvp涂层二氧化硅纤维的须状颗粒的自熄疏水性环氧复合材料

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01900

Immacolata Mazzuoccolo , Immacolata Climaco , Jessica Passaro , Francesca Di Lauro , Daniele Battegazzore , Milijana Jovic , Pietro Russo , Giulio Malucelli , Sabyasachi Gaan , Antonio Aronne , Fabio Montagnaro , Marco Balsamo , Claudio Imparato , Aurelio Bifulco

The hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of waste biomass produces bio-oil along with solid, aqueous, and gaseous co-products. The utilization of solid residue (biochar) is a crucial step in achieving the sustainability and circularity of the entire HTL process. Here, we propose the valorization of biochar derived from HTL of municipal sewage sludge as a functional additive for epoxy resins to enhance their flame retardancy. Biochar samples from HTL, obtained under different operative conditions, were characterized and incorporated into an epoxy resin cured with a cycloaliphatic amine. Biochar was used in combination with whisker-like particles, made of silica coated with electrospun poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and functionalized to enhance compatibility with the polymer matrix. The synergy of these fillers with ammonium polyphosphate and urea enabled the preparation of no-drip self-extinguishing composites (V0 rating at UL-94 vertical flame spread tests), showing excellent fire performance, as assessed by cone calorimetry and pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry, with a limited effect on the viscoelastic behavior and some impact on the flexural properties. Notably, a strong flame retardant action in the condensed phase, with a slight effect in the gas phase, was responsible for the formation of a ceramic continuous char, which decreased the peak of the heat release rate (∼36%) as well as the total smoke release (∼10%) during the burning process. Besides, the tailored whisker-like particles were able to migrate at the surface of composites, providing water contact angles of ∼120°, suggesting a potential use of the designed materials as water-proof protective coatings or components for multifunctional infrastructures.

废生物质的水热液化（HTL）产生生物油以及固体、水和气体副产物。固体残渣（生物炭）的利用是实现整个HTL过程的可持续性和循环性的关键一步。在此，我们建议将城市污水污泥HTL衍生的生物炭作为环氧树脂的功能性添加剂，以增强其阻燃性。在不同操作条件下从HTL中获得的生物炭样品进行了表征，并将其掺入用环脂肪胺固化的环氧树脂中。生物炭与须状颗粒结合使用，由二氧化硅包覆电纺丝聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）并进行功能化以增强与聚合物基体的相容性。这些填料与聚磷酸铵和尿素的协同作用，制备了无滴落自熄火复合材料（UL-94垂直火焰蔓延测试V0等级），通过锥量热法和热解燃烧流量热法评估，表现出优异的防火性能，对粘弹性行为影响有限，对弯曲性能有一定影响。值得注意的是，在凝聚相中有很强的阻燃作用，在气相中有轻微的影响，导致陶瓷连续炭的形成，这降低了燃烧过程中热释放率的峰值（~ 36%）以及总烟释放量（~ 10%）。此外，定制的须状颗粒能够在复合材料表面迁移，提供约120°的水接触角，这表明设计的材料有可能用作防水保护涂层或多功能基础设施的组件。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable recovery of critical raw materials from geothermal igneous systems: Geochemical, mineralogical, and techno-economic insights from the Dikili-Bergama field (Western Anatolia, Türkiye) 地热火成岩系统关键原料的可持续回收：Dikili-Bergama油田（西安纳托利亚，土耳其）的地球化学、矿物学和技术经济见解

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01883

Tolga Ayzit, Alper Baba

The sustainable co-extraction of critical raw materials (CRMs) with renewable geothermal energy offers a dual pathway to support the circular economy and low-carbon transition. In this study, an integrated geochemical and mineralogical approach is used to comprehensively assess the recoverable lithium (Li) boron (B), strontium (Sr) and other critical raw materials in the geothermal reservoirs of the Dikili-Bergama region Türkiye. A geochemical analysis was carried out by systematic sampling and multi-element testing of geothermal water and reservoir rock. Hydrogeochemical studies of the geothermal fluids indicated the presence of remarkable concentrations of B (4.6 ppm), Sr (2.8 ppm) and Li (1.2 ppm), suggesting the possibility of active leaching processes in the deposit. Mineralogical studies using X-ray diffraction (XRD) have revealed a number of secondary mineral phases, such as quartz and labradorite, indicating the interaction between water and rock. These interactions affect not only the permeability and porosity of the deposit, but also the mobilization and precipitation of CRMs. A techno-economic analysis will be used to identify potential synergies that could improve the economic feasibility of geothermal projects in the region. The Monte Carlo simulation has shown that the Dikili-Bergama geothermal reservoirs have a potential of ∼712 tons of Li. In this study, the CRM potential that emerged during the geothermal energy exploitation process in the region was calculated. The temporality and the process of obtaining are completely related to the extraction technology. This offers the dual benefit of renewable energy and strategic mineral extraction, contributing to sustainable resource management in volcanic environments.

关键原材料（CRMs）与可再生地热能的可持续共同开采为支持循环经济和低碳转型提供了双重途径。采用地球化学与矿物学相结合的方法，对 rkiye地区Dikili-Bergama地区地热储层中可采的锂（Li）、硼(B)、锶（Sr）等关键原料进行了综合评价。通过对地热水和储层岩石的系统采样和多元素测试，进行了地球化学分析。地热流体的水文地球化学研究表明，矿床中存在显著浓度的B （4.6 ppm）、Sr （2.8 ppm）和Li (1.2 ppm)，表明矿床可能存在活性浸出过程。利用x射线衍射（XRD）的矿物学研究揭示了一些次生矿物相，如石英和拉布拉多石，表明水和岩石之间的相互作用。这些相互作用不仅影响储层的渗透率和孔隙度，还影响基质的动员和沉淀。将使用技术经济分析来确定可能改善该区域地热项目经济可行性的潜在协同作用。蒙特卡罗模拟表明，Dikili-Bergama地热储层具有约712吨锂的潜力。本研究对该地区地热能开发过程中出现的CRM潜力进行了计算。获得的时间性和过程完全与提取技术有关。这提供了可再生能源和战略性矿物开采的双重好处，有助于火山环境中的可持续资源管理。

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引用次数: 0

A sustainable strategy to produce biodegradable electrodes for the electrochemical detection of rutin and quercetin in grape samples 葡萄样品中芦丁和槲皮素电化学检测可生物降解电极的可持续生产策略

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01830

Geanderson Emilio de Almeida , Emanuel Airton de Oliveira Farias , Cláudio Guilherme de Sousa Macedo , Ismagno Alves de Carvalho , Manuela Nunes da Silva , Káliton Pereira Mororó , Márcia Eduarda Marinho Nunes , Thays Beatryce Pereira Vilante , Fábio de Oliveira Silva Ribeiro , Amando Oliveira Matias , Carla Eiras

The development of environmentally friendly electrochemical platforms is essential to reduce the environmental impact of disposable sensors while maintaining high analytical performance. This study reports a biodegradable sensor fabricated from a gelatin- and gum-based matrix derived from Amburana cearensis (GAmb) exudate, replacing conventional polymers with renewable, biodegradable materials. The device was produced by stencil printing using a conductive ink formulated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and an aqueous GAmb solution. As a proof-of-concept, the sensor was used to detect quercetin (QCT) and rutin (RU), natural antioxidants present in grapes. The sensor exhibited remarkable analytical performance, with a linear response over 1–100 μM and detection limits of 25.6 nM for QCT and 9.1 nM for RU. Interference studies showed signal variation of less than 10 % in the presence of standard components of the grape matrix and up to 30 % in the presence of pesticides. The analysis of grape extracts required minimal sample preparation, allowing for precise quantification of QCT and RT concentrations in real samples. Recovery rates close to 102.3 % for RU and 100.2 % for QCT demonstrated the effectiveness of the method. Additionally, soil biodegradation tests showed the device's environmental friendliness: it lost structural integrity within 10 days when in contact with soil. On the other hand, maintain functionality for up to 180 days under appropriate storage conditions. This approach provides a sustainable strategy for green sensor technology and bioelectronics, offering new perspectives for the monitoring of bioactive compounds aligned with the principles of the circular economy.

开发环境友好型电化学平台对于减少一次性传感器对环境的影响，同时保持高分析性能至关重要。本研究报告了一种可生物降解的传感器，该传感器是由源自Amburana cearensis （GAmb）渗出液的明胶和牙龈基基质制成的，用可再生的、可生物降解的材料取代了传统的聚合物。该器件采用多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）和GAmb水溶液配制的导电油墨进行模板印刷。作为概念验证，该传感器被用于检测葡萄中存在的天然抗氧化剂槲皮素（QCT）和芦丁（RU）。该传感器具有良好的分析性能，线性响应在1 ~ 100 μM范围内，QCT和RU的检出限分别为25.6 nM和9.1 nM。干扰研究表明，在葡萄基质的标准成分存在下，信号变化小于10%，在农药存在下，信号变化高达30%。葡萄提取物的分析需要最少的样品制备，允许在实际样品中精确定量QCT和RT浓度。RU和QCT的回收率分别接近102.3%和100.2%，证明了该方法的有效性。此外，土壤生物降解测试表明，该设备的环境友好性：当与土壤接触时，它会在10天内失去结构完整性。另一方面，在适当的存储条件下，保持功能长达180天。这种方法为绿色传感器技术和生物电子学提供了一种可持续的战略，为监测符合循环经济原则的生物活性化合物提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Tailoring biodegradable copolyesters from bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids: Toward sustainable packaging materials 从双（2-羟乙基）对苯二甲酸酯和脂肪族二羧酸中裁剪可生物降解的共聚聚酯：走向可持续包装材料

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01868

Hojun Shin , Gawon Pak , Shinhyeong Choe , Hoseong Moon , Jaewook Myung , Heejong Yu , Woojun Choi , Jongchul Seo

The increasing accumulation of plastic waste and the limited efficiency of mechanical recycling highlight the need for sustainable polymer systems that combine chemical recyclability and biodegradability. Bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET), a monomer recovered from depolymerized polyethylene terephthalate (PET), is an attractive platform for creating new recyclable and compostable materials. However, insufficient understanding of the structure–property–degradation relationships of BHET-derived copolyesters hinders their rational design for packaging applications. In this study, a series of BHET–aliphatic acid copolyesters was synthesized via melt polycondensation using aliphatic dicarboxylic acids with varying chain lengths to investigate the influence of the molecular architecture on the material performance and end-of-life behavior. Increasing the aliphatic chain length reduced the crystallinity and thermal transition temperatures, resulting in enhanced flexibility and optical transparency but reduced tensile strength and gas-barrier efficiency. Under industrial composting conditions, longer-chain copolyesters degraded more rapidly, transitioning from surface-limited erosion to bulk erosion driven by hydrolysis-induced ester bond cleavage. Compared with commercial poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), the BHET–aliphatic series exhibited superior optical clarity and higher recycled carbon content, underscoring their potential as next-generation sustainable packaging materials that unify performance and circular sustainability metrics. These findings offer practical guidance for the development of biodegradable aromatic–aliphatic copolymers for sustainable packaging applications, aligned with the relationship among molecular structure, material properties, and biodegradation.

塑料废物的不断积累和机械回收的有限效率突出了对结合化学可回收性和生物可降解性的可持续聚合物系统的需求。双（2-羟乙基）对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（BHET）是一种从聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）解聚中回收的单体，是创造新的可回收和可堆肥材料的有吸引力的平台。然而，对bht衍生共聚聚酯的结构-性能-降解关系的理解不足，阻碍了它们在包装应用中的合理设计。本研究以不同链长的脂肪族二羧酸为原料，通过熔融缩聚法制备了一系列bhet -脂肪酸共聚酯，研究了分子结构对材料性能和寿命终止行为的影响。增加脂肪链长度降低了结晶度和热转变温度，从而提高了柔韧性和光学透明度，但降低了拉伸强度和气体阻隔效率。在工业堆肥条件下，长链共聚酯降解速度更快，从表面有限的侵蚀转变为由水解诱导的酯键裂解驱动的整体侵蚀。与商业聚苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBAT）相比，bhet -脂肪系列具有优越的光学清晰度和更高的再生碳含量，强调了它们作为下一代可持续包装材料的潜力，统一了性能和循环可持续性指标。这些发现为可持续包装应用的可生物降解芳烃-脂肪族共聚物的开发提供了实际指导，与分子结构，材料性能和生物降解之间的关系一致。

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引用次数: 0

Plasmonic–heterojunction nanostructures: Mechanistic design for photocatalysis, energy conversion, and advanced biosensing 等离子体-异质结纳米结构：光催化、能量转换和先进生物传感的机械设计

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01833

Yuan-Fong Chau Chou , Sy-Hann Chen , Abdul Hanif Mahadi , Roshan Thotagamuge , Chee Ming Lim , Muhammad Raziq Rahimi Kooh

Plasmonic-heterojunction photocatalysts represent a rapidly advancing frontier in photocatalysis, merging the strong light–matter interactions of plasmonic nanostructures with the superior charge-separation efficiency of semiconductor heterojunctions. This synergistic integration facilitates hot-carrier generation, near-field amplification, and localized photothermal heating, while the heterojunction interface guides directional carrier transport and preserves redox potentials. Consequently, these systems achieve broadband solar harvesting, extended charge-carrier lifetimes, and enhanced selectivity in catalytic reactions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis, commencing with the fundamental mechanisms of plasmon–exciton coupling, hot carrier injection, near-field interactions, and photothermal effects. We subsequently explore diverse materials platforms, including noble metals, earth-abundant alternatives, doped oxides, refractory nitrides, 2D materials, and hybrid frameworks such as MOFs and perovskites. Architectures such as Schottky, type-II, Z- and S-schemes, core–shells, cascades, and hierarchical systems are examined to elucidate how design dictates charge dynamics. Applications are reviewed for sustainable energy conversion (hydrogen evolution, CO₂ reduction, solar fuels), environmental remediation (pollutant degradation, wastewater treatment) and sensing (photoelectrochemical sensors, SERS, wearable platforms). Finally, we propose design principles and identify emerging frontiers, including scalable fabrication, AI-guided materials discovery, and quantum plasmonics. By bridging nanophotonics, catalysis, and device engineering, plasmonic heterojunctions emerge as multifunctional systems poised to drive the next generation of sustainable technologies.

等离子体-异质结光催化剂融合了等离子体纳米结构的强光-物质相互作用和半导体异质结优越的电荷分离效率，是光催化领域一个快速发展的前沿领域。这种协同集成促进了热载流子的产生、近场放大和局部光热加热，而异质结界面引导定向载流子传输并保持氧化还原电位。因此，这些系统实现了宽带太阳能收集，延长了载流子寿命，并提高了催化反应的选择性。本文从等离子体-激子耦合、热载流子注入、近场相互作用和光热效应的基本机制开始，对等离子体增强光催化进行了全面的综述。我们随后探索了不同的材料平台，包括贵金属，地球丰富的替代品，掺杂氧化物，耐火氮化物，二维材料和混合框架，如mof和钙钛矿。架构，如肖特基，ii型，Z-和s -方案，核壳，级联，和分层系统进行检查，以阐明如何设计决定电荷动力学。综述了可持续能源转换（析氢、CO 2减排、太阳能燃料）、环境修复（污染物降解、废水处理）和传感（光电化学传感器、SERS、可穿戴平台）的应用。最后，我们提出了设计原则并确定了新兴领域，包括可扩展制造，人工智能引导材料发现和量子等离子体。通过桥接纳米光子学、催化和器件工程，等离子异质结作为多功能系统出现，有望推动下一代可持续技术。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing CO2/CH4 selectivity using acid-activated clay for biogas upgrading: A response surface study 酸活性粘土优化沼气升级CO2/CH4选择性：响应面研究

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01824

Riya Aneja, Anuj Chauhan, Vipin Kumar Saini

The selective removal of CO₂ from biogas is crucial for producing biomethane (Bio-CNG) with higher calorific value and cleaner combustion properties. In this work, acid activation of montmorillonite (MMT) was systematically optimized to enhance its performance as a low-cost, sustainable adsorbent for CO₂/CH₄ separation. Using a rotatable central composite design (RCCD) within the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) framework, the effects of acid concentration, activation temperature, and treatment time on CO₂ adsorption capacity and CO₂/CH₄ selectivity were investigated. Seventeen acid-activated clay samples (AC − 1 to AC-17) were synthesized, and their adsorption behavior was modeled with the Sips equation. The optimal conditions (acid concentration = 1.9 N, temperature = 28 °C, contact time = 247 min) yielded an optimized acid-activated clay (OAC) with a CO₂ uptake of 1.76 mmol·g⁻¹ and a CO₂/CH₄ selectivity of 121 at 1000 kPa, in close agreement with the predicted value of 118. Structural and textural analysis confirmed significant improvements in surface area (60 to 194 m²·g⁻¹) and pore volume (0.33 to 0.43 cm³·g⁻¹), attributed to dealumination and the formation of silanol groups. Working capacity analysis under PSA (1 bar)/VSA (1 Torr) conditions confirmed the practical separation potential of OAC. These findings demonstrate that optimized acid-activated clays provide a scalable and economical pathway for biogas upgrading, bridging the gap between high-performance synthetic adsorbents and low-cost natural materials.

从沼气中选择性去除二氧化碳对于生产具有更高热值和更清洁燃烧特性的生物甲烷（Bio-CNG）至关重要。本文对蒙脱土（MMT）的酸活化进行了系统优化，以提高其作为低成本、可持续的CO2/CH4分离吸附剂的性能。采用响应面法（RSM）框架下的可旋转中心复合设计（RCCD），研究了酸浓度、活化温度和处理时间对CO2吸附能力和CO2/CH4选择性的影响。合成了17个酸活化粘土样品（AC−1 ~ AC-17），用Sips方程模拟了它们的吸附行为。在酸浓度为1.9 N、温度为28℃、接触时间为247 min的条件下，得到的最佳酸活性粘土（OAC）在1000 kPa下CO2吸收率为1.76 mmol·g−1，CO2/CH4选择性为121，与预测值118基本一致。结构和结构分析证实，由于脱铝和硅醇基团的形成，其表面积（60至194 m2·g−1）和孔隙体积（0.33至0.43 cm3·g−1）有了显著的改善。PSA (1 bar)/VSA （1 Torr）条件下的工作能力分析证实了OAC的实际分离潜力。这些发现表明，优化后的酸活化粘土为沼气升级提供了一条可扩展且经济的途径，弥补了高性能合成吸附剂与低成本天然材料之间的差距。

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引用次数: 0

Solar driven photocatalytic glycerol and glucose reforming via noble metals free BiOX (X = Cl, Br, I)-TiO2 composites 利用不含贵金属的BiOX (X = Cl, Br， I)-TiO2复合材料进行光催化甘油和葡萄糖重整

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01825

Tayyaba Kanwal , Vittorio Loddo , Claudio Maria Pecoraro , Giovanni Palmisano , Sarah Hamdan , Zhe Wang , Israa Othman , Leonardo Palmisano , Marianna Bellardita

Recent research on the valorization of biomass has received a lot of interest as it allows the obtaining of products with high added value. In this regard, this study explores aerobic and anaerobic heterogeneous photocatalytic partial oxidation under both UV and simulated solar irradiation of glycerol and glucose in aqueous medium using bismuth oxyhalide-based photocatalysts BiOX (X = Cl, Br, I). Moreover, noble metal-free BiOX-TiO₂ (P25) composites were prepared through a simple ball milling procedure. Both the formation of partial oxidation compounds, namely 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, glyceraldehyde and glycolic acid from glycerol and arabinose and formic acid from glucose in solution, and the production of CO₂ and H₂ in the gas phase, were followed. Pure BiOBr and BiOCl proved to be more effective than bare TiO₂ P25 (one of the most used and studied photocatalysts) affording a higher selectivity towards high added value products whilst the composites samples displayed high glycerol conversion values that reached 62 %. Particularly noteworthy was the effectiveness of BiOCl-P25 and BiOBr-P25 samples containing 5 and 7 wt% of BiOCl or BiOBr with respect to P25, in promoting also H₂ formation under simulated sunlight irradiation and without the presence of noble metal species such as Pt. To the best of our knowledge, BiOX-TiO₂ photocatalysts have never been used for the photoreforming of glycerol and glucose.

近年来，生物质的增值研究引起了人们的广泛关注，因为它可以获得高附加值的产品。为此，本研究利用氧卤化铋基光催化剂BiOX (X = Cl, Br， I)，探索了在紫外和模拟太阳照射下，甘油和葡萄糖在水介质中的好氧和厌氧非均相光催化部分氧化。此外，通过简单的球磨工艺制备了无贵金属BiOX-TiO2 （P25）复合材料。在溶液中由甘油生成1,3-二羟基丙酮、甘油醛和乙醇酸，由葡萄糖生成阿拉伯糖和甲酸，并在气相中生成CO2和H2。事实证明，纯BiOBr和BiOCl比裸TiO2 P25（最常用和研究的光催化剂之一）更有效，对高附加值产品具有更高的选择性，而复合样品的甘油转化率高达62%。特别值得注意的是，在模拟阳光照射下，在没有贵金属（如Pt）存在的情况下，含有5%和7% BiOCl或BiOBr（相对于P25）的BiOCl-P25和BiOBr-P25样品在促进H2形成方面的有效性。据我们所知，BiOX-TiO2光催化剂从未用于甘油和葡萄糖的光转化。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in nanostructured boron nitride based flame retardant composites: A comprehensive review 纳米结构氮化硼基阻燃复合材料的研究进展

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01827

K. Deepthi Jayan , Kalim Deshmukh

With formerly unattainable control over material properties at the nanoscale, nanotechnology has emerged as a paradigm shift in materials research. Given the increasing demand for fire-resistant materials in industries, the use of nanomaterials in flame-retardant composites has garnered significant attention among their many other uses. The nanostructured boron nitride (BN) is a potential candidate in this area since it possesses outstanding structural and chemical properties and its two-dimensional (2D) structure endows them with thermal stability, high surface area, and natural flame resistance making them extremely valuable for fire safety improvement in many materials. In recent years, progress in the synthesis, functionalization, and use of nanostructured BN in flame retardant composites cast new light on the fundamental processes that underlie their flame-retardant properties but also triggered the creation of new, high-performance flame-retardant materials. This review provides an integral overview of the most recent advancements in nanostructured BN-based flame-retardant composites, systematically exploring the synthesis routes, properties, characterization methods, and flame retardancy mechanisms. The review explores the underlying principles of the flame-resistant BN-based composites, emphasizing their versatile applications in different industries highlighting their vast potential as next-generation flame retardants. The future trends and challenges associated with the extensive utilization of the nanostructured BN in flame retardant applications are briefed. With a detailed description of the state-of-the-art in nanostructured BN with flame-retardant composites, the current review intends to promote research activities in this emerging area leading to the progress of next-generation sustainable flame-retardant materials with excellent performance.

由于以前无法在纳米尺度上控制材料的特性，纳米技术已经成为材料研究的一个范式转变。鉴于工业对耐火材料的需求日益增加，纳米材料在阻燃复合材料中的应用在其许多其他用途中引起了极大的关注。纳米结构的氮化硼（BN）是这一领域的潜在候选者，因为它具有出色的结构和化学性质，其二维（2D）结构赋予它们热稳定性，高表面积和天然阻燃性，使它们在许多材料的消防安全改善方面非常有价值。近年来，纳米结构BN在阻燃复合材料中的合成、功能化和应用方面的进展，使人们对其阻燃性能的基本过程有了新的认识，同时也引发了新型高性能阻燃材料的创造。本文综述了纳米结构bn基阻燃复合材料的最新进展，系统地探讨了合成路线、性能、表征方法和阻燃机理。综述探讨了阻燃bn基复合材料的基本原理，强调了其在不同行业的广泛应用，突出了其作为下一代阻燃剂的巨大潜力。简要介绍了纳米结构BN在阻燃应用中广泛应用的未来趋势和挑战。通过对纳米结构BN阻燃复合材料最新进展的详细描述，本文旨在促进这一新兴领域的研究活动，从而开发出性能优异的下一代可持续阻燃材料。

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引用次数: 0