Sustainable Materials and Technologies最新文献_第5页

Sustainable electro-osmotic consolidation of soft clay using eco-friendly carbon–silica synergistic materials for enhanced stabilization and contaminant control 可持续电渗透固结软粘土使用生态友好的碳-硅协同材料，以增强稳定性和污染物控制

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01865

Lei Zhang , Fangyu Hou , Binghui Wang , Zhongze Jia , Dandan Jin , Chen Fang

To advance sustainable ground improvement techniques, this study investigates the synergistic use of eco-friendly carbon and silica materials to enhance electro-osmotic consolidation (EOC) of soft clay. Nine laboratory tests were conducted under combined electro-osmotic consolidation and surcharge preloading (EOC-SP) to evaluate the influence of these materials on current stability, drainage behavior, pH evolution, and microstructural changes. The results demonstrated that carbonaceous materials formed a conductive network, increasing current stability and extending effective drainage duration by up to 56 h, with water discharge elevated by 79.8%. Acidic nano-silica sol mitigated anode acidification through pH buffering and in-situ gelation, reducing porosity by 57.3% and improving bearing capacity by 60–80 kPa. The combined application of these materials leveraged complementary mechanisms, in which carbon additives sustained electrical conductivity and promote pore water migration, and silica sol enhanced particle cementation and regulates electro-chemical reactions. This integrated approach significantly improved consolidation uniformity and energy efficiency, offering a sustainable and effective strategy for soft clay ground improvement. The findings provide both theoretical and practical insights into the design of sustainable electro-osmotic technologies for foundation engineering.

为了推进可持续土地改良技术，本研究探讨了生态友好型碳和硅材料的协同使用，以增强软粘土的电渗透固结（EOC）。在电渗固结和附加预压（EOC-SP）联合作用下进行了9项实验室试验，以评估这些材料对电流稳定性、排水行为、pH演变和微观结构变化的影响。结果表明，碳质材料形成了导电网络，提高了电流稳定性，延长了有效排水时间，最长可达56 h，水排放量提高了79.8%。酸性纳米硅溶胶通过pH缓冲和原位凝胶作用减轻了阳极酸化，降低了57.3%的孔隙率，提高了60-80 kPa的承载能力。这些材料的联合应用利用了互补机制，其中碳添加剂维持电导率并促进孔隙水迁移，硅溶胶增强颗粒胶结并调节电化学反应。这种综合方法显著改善了软土地基的固结均匀性和能源效率，为软土地基的治理提供了可持续、有效的策略。研究结果为基础工程中可持续电渗透技术的设计提供了理论和实践见解。

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引用次数: 0

Technological pathways and sustainability insights into spent lithium-ion batteries 废锂离子电池的技术路径和可持续性见解

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01859

Anusha Ekanayake , Samson S. Yu , Sakib T. Hossain , Hongli Su , Yihan Chen , Joe Fleming , Yongqing Zhang , Shuaifei Zhao

Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) provides a strategic pathway toward resource circularity, carbon emission reduction, and supply chain resilience amid the growing accumulation of end-of-life LIBs. This review synthesizes state-of-the-art developments in LIB recycling technologies and provides a critical comparison of their technical mechanisms, process efficiencies, and scalability at both laboratory and industrial levels. Existing life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis studies are critically compared for evaluating the environmental impacts and economic feasibility of different recycling technologies. This work supports informed decision-making by researchers, policymakers, and industry by identifying key challenges and providing future directions to ensure the long-term sustainability of the battery industry. Although conventional metallurgical approaches demonstrate strong industrial applicability, they are limited by high operating temperatures and the associated greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, direct recycling and upcycling methods offer simpler and more efficient routes to retain the residual value of spent LIBs. However, the need for advanced pretreatment steps and reliance on accurate assessment of failure states limit practical implementation. Apart from technological advancements, supportive policy frameworks and regulatory standards are essential for the sustainable life-cycle management of LIBs. This review aims to inspire innovative solutions that combine technological advancement with sustainable industrial practices to enhance circular management of LIBs.

回收废旧锂离子电池（LIBs）为资源循环、碳减排和供应链弹性提供了一条战略途径，以应对日益增多的报废锂离子电池。这篇综述综合了LIB回收技术的最新发展，并在实验室和工业水平上对其技术机制、过程效率和可扩展性进行了关键的比较。对现有的生命周期评价和技术经济分析研究进行了批判性的比较，以评价不同回收技术的环境影响和经济可行性。这项工作通过确定关键挑战并提供未来方向，以确保电池行业的长期可持续性，为研究人员、政策制定者和行业提供明智的决策支持。虽然传统的冶金方法显示出很强的工业适用性，但它们受到高操作温度和相关温室气体排放的限制。相比之下，直接回收和升级回收方法提供了更简单和更有效的途径来保留废lib的剩余价值。然而，需要先进的预处理步骤和对故障状态的准确评估限制了实际实施。除了技术进步外，支持性政策框架和监管标准对于lib的可持续生命周期管理至关重要。本综述旨在激发创新的解决方案，将技术进步与可持续的工业实践相结合，以加强lib的循环管理。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanistic evaluation of interphase softening in GF-epoxy composites via freeze-thaw recycling: A nano-indentation study 冻融循环对gf -环氧复合材料界面软化的机理评价：纳米压痕研究

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01860

Khalil Ahmed, Xu Jiang, Xuhong Qiang

Retired glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy (GF-epoxy) composites, such as wind-turbine blades, pose challenges for efficient fiber-resin separation due to their highly robust interphase. Controlled pre-softening of this region is essential for efficient recovery in modular recycling systems. However, it remains overlooked in conventional thermo-chemical routes that attack the bulk composite, damage silane-rich GF sizing, and pose environmental concerns. Building on our earlier demonstration of freeze-thaw (FT) recycling, this study provides a mechanistic understanding of interphase softening as an alternative to conventional methods. Short and long (5,10 cycle) FT treatments were applied to examine effects on the inner and outer interphase. Nano-mechanical results revealed ∼27% interphase modulus reduction after short cycling, while the fiber-adjacent region remained mechanically unchanged. In contrast, prolonged cycling led to ∼7–8% partial interphase modulus rebound accompanied by increased compliance near the fiber wall, indicating that extended FT exposure eventually influences this inner region. Corelative gravimetric and micro-CT trends further support moisture ingress and crack evolution as key drivers of these transitions, with literature indicating possible accompanying hydrolysis-recondensation effects. These findings identify short FT cycling as the most effective and scalable pre-treatment window for selective interphase weakening while maintaining the mechanical response of the fiber-adjacent region.

退役的玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂（gf -环氧）复合材料，如风力涡轮机叶片，由于其高度坚固的界面相，对有效的纤维-树脂分离提出了挑战。在模块化回收系统中，控制该区域的预软化对于有效回收至关重要。然而，在传统的热化学路线中，它仍然被忽视，这些路线会破坏大块复合材料，破坏富含硅烷的GF浆料，并造成环境问题。在我们早期冻融（FT）回收的演示基础上，本研究提供了对相间软化作为传统方法替代方案的机理理解。采用短周期和长周期（5,10周期）FT处理来检测对内间期和外间期的影响。纳米力学结果显示，短周期后相间模量降低了27%，而纤维邻近区域的力学性能保持不变。相反，长时间的循环导致~ 7-8%的部分相间模量反弹，同时纤维壁附近的顺应性增加，表明延长的FT暴露最终影响了该内部区域。相关的重量和微ct趋势进一步支持水分进入和裂纹演化是这些转变的关键驱动因素，文献表明可能伴随水解-再缩合效应。这些发现表明，在保持纤维邻近区域的机械响应的同时，短FT循环是选择性间期减弱的最有效和可扩展的预处理窗口。

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引用次数: 0

Recent progress in buried Interface engineering for n-i-p perovskite solar cells n-i-p钙钛矿太阳能电池埋藏界面工程研究进展

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01853

Xuan Liu , Yi Fang , Gaojun Jia , Xiaoli Song , Mingsi Xie , Ruijuan Liao , Ao Zhang , Chunxiu Zhang , Haifeng Yu

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as up-and-coming third-generation photovoltaic devices due to their high efficiency and low cost, yet buried interface issues hinder their advancement. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in buried interface engineering for n-i-p (negative-intrinsic-positive) PSCs, addressing critical challenges such as lattice mismatch, deep-level defects, and energy-level misalignment at the electron transport layer (ETL)/perovskite interface. Through multi-scale strategies including atomic-scale coordination passivation, nanoscale graded energy level regulation, and mesoscale crystallization control, charge transport efficiency and operational stability have been significantly improved. Device characterization confirms that breakthroughs have been achieved in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and service life of the cells under stress conditions such as illumination, humidity, and thermal cycling. This work not only elucidates the fundamental mechanisms of buried interface optimization but also provides practical technical pathways for the large-scale industrial applications of high-performance PSCs.

钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）由于其高效率和低成本的特点，已成为极具发展前景的第三代光伏器件，但其潜在的界面问题阻碍了其发展。本文系统总结了n-i-p（负本征-正）PSCs的埋藏界面工程的最新进展，解决了电子传输层(ETL)/钙钛矿界面上的晶格失配、深层次缺陷和能级错位等关键挑战。通过原子尺度配位钝化、纳米尺度梯度能级调控和中尺度结晶控制等多尺度策略，显著提高了电荷输运效率和运行稳定性。器件特性证实，在光照、湿度和热循环等应力条件下，电池在功率转换效率（PCE）和使用寿命方面取得了突破。这项工作不仅阐明了埋藏接口优化的基本机制，而且为高性能psc的大规模工业应用提供了实用的技术途径。

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引用次数: 0

Lead-free SnTe thermoelectrics: Materials design, device engineering, and sustainable energy perspectives 无铅镍钛热电材料：材料设计、设备工程和可持续能源展望

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01863

Ubaid Ur Rehman , Kashaf Ul Sahar , Chun-Ming Wang

This review highlights recent advancements in SnTe-based thermoelectric materials, emphasizing their potential as environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional PbTe systems. SnTe offers several advantages, including a rock-salt crystal structure and favorable electronic band characteristics. However, intrinsic limitations such as high native hole concentration due to Sn vacancies and relatively large lattice thermal conductivity constrain its thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT). This review outlines key strategies to address these challenges, including band convergence via alloying, resonant level doping, carrier concentration optimization, and defect engineering. Methods to reduce lattice thermal conductivity such as nanostructuring and multi-scale phonon scattering are also examined. Advances in doped alloys, hybrid composites, and low-dimensional SnTe systems with ZT values exceeding unity are summarized, highlighting the role of microstructural design. Computational developments, including first-principles modeling, carrier transport analysis, defect chemistry, and emerging machine learning frameworks, are discussed in the context of accelerating material optimization. At the device scale, considerations such as thermoelectric module architecture, contact engineering, thermal/electrical stability, and system-level integration are reviewed. Environmental sustainability, cost-effectiveness, and scalable synthesis routes are evaluated to gauge commercial viability. Current limitations and potential research pathways are presented to support progress in lead-free SnTe thermoelectric technologies.

这篇综述强调了snte基热电材料的最新进展，强调了它们作为传统PbTe系统的环保替代品的潜力。SnTe具有几个优点，包括岩盐晶体结构和有利的电子带特性。然而，由于锡空位导致的高天然空穴浓度和相对较大的晶格热导率等固有限制限制了其热电优值（ZT）。本文概述了解决这些挑战的关键策略，包括通过合金化、共振级掺杂、载流子浓度优化和缺陷工程实现能带收敛。研究了降低晶格热导率的方法，如纳米结构和多尺度声子散射。总结了掺杂合金、杂化复合材料和ZT值超过1的低维SnTe体系的研究进展，强调了微观组织设计的作用。在加速材料优化的背景下，讨论了包括第一性原理建模、载流子输运分析、缺陷化学和新兴机器学习框架在内的计算发展。在器件规模上，回顾了热电模块架构、接触工程、热/电稳定性和系统级集成等考虑因素。对环境可持续性、成本效益和可扩展的合成路线进行评估，以衡量商业可行性。目前的限制和潜在的研究途径提出了支持无铅镍钛热电技术的进展。

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引用次数: 0

In-situ H2O2 generation and efficient roxarsone degradation mediated by Pd/Fe2O3@C: A hydrogen‑oxygen-promoted redox Fenton process Pd/Fe2O3@C介导的H2O2原位生成和洛克沙酮高效降解：氢氧促进氧化还原Fenton工艺

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01864

Ruibin Yang , Yijun Chen , Shuang Yao , Sanjian Ma , Feiyue Qian , Feng Liu , Jianhua Wu , Hailiang Yang , Lei Xie , Zixia Lin , Juanhong Li , Dongmei Wang , Xin Liu

As a widely used advanced oxidation process (AOP), Fenton technology faces challenges in water treatment due to the need for continuous H₂O₂ addition, which raises safety concerns and operational costs. To address this, a novel Dual metal-Hydrogen-Oxygen Reduction catalytic Fenton (DmHORF/Fe₂O₃) system was constructed. This was achieved by substituting conventional ferrous salts with iron-based materials and facilitating the in-situ generation of H₂O₂ through a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e⁻ORR). Under the room temperature and pressure, the electrons provided by Pd⁰ contribute to the dissociation of H₂ into two active hydrogen species (H*), which subsequently migrate to the surface of the material through the hydrogen spillover effect to form adsorbed hydrogen species ([H]). These species then react with O₂ to generate H₂O₂ in situ during the 2e⁻ORR process. The H₂O₂ is further activated at the Fe site to generate O₂⁻·, ·OH, and ¹O₂ dominated reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to the highly efficient mineralization and degradation of the target pollutant ROX. The dominant role of ¹O₂ in this system was further confirmed through the analysis. The experimental results demonstrated that the system could degrade 96% of 50 mg·L⁻¹ ROX within 180 min. The system also exhibited high stability over eight reaction cycles.

Fenton技术作为一种被广泛应用的高级氧化工艺（AOP），由于需要持续添加H2O2，在水处理中面临挑战，这引起了安全问题和运营成本。为了解决这一问题，构建了一种新型的双金属-氢-氧还原催化Fenton （DmHORF/Fe2O3）体系。这是通过用铁基材料取代传统的亚铁盐，并通过双电子氧还原反应（2e−ORR）促进H2O2的原位生成来实现的。在室温常压下，Pd0提供的电子有助于H2解离成两个活性氢（H*），随后通过氢溢出效应迁移到材料表面形成吸附氢（[H]）。然后在2e - ORR过程中，这些物质与O2在原位反应生成H2O2。H2O2在Fe位点进一步活化生成O2−·、·OH和以1O2为主的活性氧（ROS），从而高效矿化和降解目标污染物ROX。通过分析进一步证实了1O2在该体系中的主导作用。实验结果表明，该体系在180 min内对50 mg·L−1 ROX的降解率为96%。该体系在8个反应周期内表现出较高的稳定性。

{"title":"In-situ H2O2 generation and efficient roxarsone degradation mediated by Pd/Fe2O3@C: A hydrogen‑oxygen-promoted redox Fenton process","authors":"Ruibin Yang , Yijun Chen , Shuang Yao , Sanjian Ma , Feiyue Qian , Feng Liu , Jianhua Wu , Hailiang Yang , Lei Xie , Zixia Lin , Juanhong Li , Dongmei Wang , Xin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a widely used advanced oxidation process (AOP), Fenton technology faces challenges in water treatment due to the need for continuous H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> addition, which raises safety concerns and operational costs. To address this, a novel Dual metal-Hydrogen-Oxygen Reduction catalytic Fenton (DmHORF/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) system was constructed. This was achieved by substituting conventional ferrous salts with iron-based materials and facilitating the in-situ generation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> through a two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e<sup>−</sup>ORR). Under the room temperature and pressure, the electrons provided by Pd<sup>0</sup> contribute to the dissociation of H<sub>2</sub> into two active hydrogen species (H*), which subsequently migrate to the surface of the material through the hydrogen spillover effect to form adsorbed hydrogen species ([H]). These species then react with O<sub>2</sub> to generate H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> in situ during the 2e<sup>−</sup>ORR process. The H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> is further activated at the Fe site to generate O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>·, ·OH, and <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> dominated reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to the highly efficient mineralization and degradation of the target pollutant ROX. The dominant role of <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> in this system was further confirmed through the analysis. The experimental results demonstrated that the system could degrade 96% of 50 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> ROX within 180 min. The system also exhibited high stability over eight reaction cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article e01864"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous enhancement of humic substances and mineral availability in weathered coal via hydrothermal modification for acid soil amendment 水热法改良酸性土壤对风化煤腐殖质和矿物可利用性的影响

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01862

Jinfei Yan , Lin Shi , Wutang Sang , Jie Yuan , Danping Ding , Kaili Xia

Soil acidification threatens agricultural sustainability, and the direct application of weathered coal (WC) in farmland has limited effectiveness due to its inert organic and mineral components. In this work, hydrothermally modified weathered coal (HMC) was synthesized using KMnO₄ as an oxidizer and alkaline earth metal cations as mineral activators to simultaneously activate the humic substances and inherent minerals in WC. Under optimal hydrothermal conditions (0.3 M KMnO₄, 190 °C,3 h), the contents of humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) increased by 53% and 46% respectively, and the available CaO, MgO, K₂O and SiO₂ contents were significantly elevated to 175.34 mg·g⁻¹, 44.43 mg·g⁻¹, 33.34 mg·g⁻¹, 45.78 mg·g⁻¹, with the SiO₂ activation efficiency reaching 70.14%. The treatment promoted the oxidation of organic matter with the increasement of oxygen-containing functional groups, and induced the formation of new mineral phases including görgeyite (K₂Ca₅(SO₄)₆·H₂O), calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), diopside (CaMgSi₂O₆), and katoite (Ca₃Al₂(OH)₁₂). Additionally, the specific surface area of HMC was 1.12 times that of WC, with an improved pore architecture. Pot experiment corroborated that HMC raised soil pH by 1.96 units, enhanced soil organic matter and available nutrients, and facilitated the growth and nutrient uptake of pakchoi (B. rapa ssp. chinensis). This work presents a strategy for the value-added utilization of WC and the development of soil conditioners with practical potential.

土壤酸化威胁着农业的可持续性，而风化煤（WC）在农田中的直接应用由于其惰性的有机和矿物成分而效果有限。本文以KMnO4为氧化剂，碱土金属阳离子为矿物活化剂，合成了水热改性风化煤（HMC），同时活化了WC中的腐殖质和固有矿物质。在最佳水热条件下（0.3 M KMnO4, 190℃，3 h），腐植酸（HA）和黄腐酸（FA）含量分别提高53%和46%，有效CaO、MgO、K2O和SiO2含量分别显著提高至175.34 mg·g−1、44.43 mg·g−1、33.34 mg·g−1、45.78 mg·g−1，SiO2活化效率达到70.14%。随着含氧官能团的增加，该处理促进了有机质的氧化，并诱导形成了görgeyite （K2Ca5(SO4)6·H2O）、水合硅酸钙（C-S-H）、透明辉石（CaMgSi2O6）和钙辉石（Ca3Al2(OH)12）等新的矿物相。HMC的比表面积是WC的1.12倍，孔隙结构得到改善。盆栽试验证实，HMC使土壤pH升高1.96个单位，增加了土壤有机质和速效养分，促进了小白菜的生长和养分吸收。对)。本文为水资源的增值利用和具有实用潜力的土壤调理剂的开发提出了策略。

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引用次数: 0

Development of Cu/Fe-Co/G electrocatalyst derived from Cu decorated zeolitic imidazolate framework/graphene oxide for advanced water splitting 铜修饰咪唑酸沸石骨架/氧化石墨烯制备的Cu/Fe-Co/G电催化剂的研究

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01855

Mustafa Farajzadeh, Fatemeh Rahnemaye Rahsepar

Designing efficient oxygen/hydrogen evolution reactions (OER/HER) electrocatalysts plays a pivotal role in promoting sustainable and clean energy production through water splitting, thereby helping to address the global energy crisis. Herein, a multi-metallic Cu/Fe-Co/G nanocomposite was synthesized by decorating Cu on Fe-doped ZIF-67 (FZIF67) supported on graphene oxide (GO) through a pyrolysis strategy. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by their structural and morphological features using FT-IR, XRD, XPS, FE-SEM (coupled with elemental mapping), EDX, and BET analyses. The results revealed that Cu decoration on the FZIF67/rGO significantly affects the crystalline structure and surface area of the nanocomposite. Owing to the synergistic interaction between Cu, Fe, and Co with GO nanosheets, the Cu/Fe-Co/G composite exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity, achieving overpotentials of only 292 mV for OER and 308 mV (272 mV) for HER to reach a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² in 1.0 M KOH (0.5 M H₂SO₄) media. Moreover, the catalyst delivered a Faradaic efficiency of 97.9% and excellent durability over 25 h of continuous operation. These results confirm that the incorporation of Cu into the Cu/Fe-Co/G structure enhances the electrocatalytic performance and accelerates the kinetics of reaction. This study presents an effective and rational design strategy for developing multi-metallic electrocatalysts derived from ZIFs for overall water splitting applications. With its high efficiency and facile synthesis, the Cu/Fe-Co/G electrocatalyst represents a promising alternative to noble-metal-based catalysts for water splitting.

设计高效的氧/氢析出反应（OER/HER）电催化剂在通过水分解促进可持续和清洁能源生产方面发挥着关键作用，从而有助于解决全球能源危机。本文通过热解策略，在氧化石墨烯（GO）负载的fe掺杂ZIF-67 （FZIF67）上修饰Cu，合成了多金属Cu/Fe-Co/G纳米复合材料。采用FT-IR、XRD、XPS、FE-SEM（结合元素映射）、EDX和BET分析对合成的纳米复合材料进行了结构和形态表征。结果表明，Cu在FZIF67/rGO表面的修饰显著影响了纳米复合材料的晶体结构和表面积。由于Cu、Fe和Co与GO纳米片之间的协同作用，Cu/Fe-Co/G复合材料表现出优异的电催化活性，在1.0 M KOH （0.5 M H2SO4）介质中，OER的过电位仅为292 mV， HER的过电位仅为308 mV (272 mV)，电流密度达到10 mA cm - 2。此外，该催化剂的法拉第效率为97.9%，并且在连续运行25小时以上具有优异的耐久性。这些结果证实了Cu在Cu/Fe-Co/G结构中的掺入提高了电催化性能，加速了反应动力学。本研究提出了一种有效而合理的设计策略，用于开发由zif衍生的多金属电催化剂，用于整体水分解。Cu/Fe-Co/G电催化剂具有高效、易合成等优点，是一种很有前途的水裂解催化剂。

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引用次数: 0

Mitigating early-age autogenous shrinkage of alkali activated mortars by controlling internal relative humidity via porous hollow silica spheres 通过多孔空心硅球控制内部相对湿度，减缓碱活化砂浆早期自收缩

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01861

Zhen Zou , Han Gao , Yang Yu , Chunwei Zhang

This study provides a practical method to mitigate the high early-age autogenous shrinkage in alkali-activated slag-fly ash (AASF) mortar using porous hollow silica spheres (PHSS). PHSS is synthesized from multiple solid wastes through a gradient etching pore-forming process, producing a novel internal curing agent with a hollow water-retaining structure and micrometer-sized surface openings PHSS can replace fly ash as part of the binder, releasing pre-stored water in its internal cavities through open pores on its surface to achieve internal curing. Different proportions of PHSS are incorporated into the AASF system to investigate its effects on the autogenous shrinkage and mechanical properties of AASF mortar. The results indicated that PHSS maintains high pore humidity through continuous water release, reducing 7-day autogenous shrinkage by 69.1% and 28-day shrinkage by 36.3% at a 30% dosage. PHSS delays the early exothermic peak while promoting mid-to-late reactions. Early strength exhibits a slight decrease with increasing PHSS content, but the strength loss was significantly lower than that caused by traditional superabsorbent polymers (SAP), and the impact on Young's modulus was minor. PHSS forms a structure with “ink-bottle”-shaped hierarchical pore throats via its open pores; its sustained water release promotes the precipitation and filling of C-(A)-S-H gel into the cavities, fine pore size. The existing shrinkage prediction model was validated by using experimental results as input parameters and considering the autogenous shrinkage as two components: elastic and creep components. The predicted results show good agreement with the measured values.

本研究提供了一种利用多孔空心硅球（PHSS）缓解碱活性渣-粉煤灰（AASF）砂浆早期高自收缩的实用方法。以多种固体废弃物为原料，通过梯度蚀刻成孔工艺合成PHSS，制备出一种具有中空保水性结构和微米级表面开口的新型内固化剂。PHSS可以代替粉煤灰作为粘结剂的一部分，通过表面开孔将预先储存在其内腔中的水释放出来，实现内固化。在AASF体系中加入不同比例的PHSS，研究其对AASF砂浆自收缩和力学性能的影响。结果表明，PHSS通过连续放水保持高孔隙湿度，在30%投加量下，7天自收缩率降低69.1%，28天自收缩率降低36.3%。PHSS延缓早期放热峰，促进中后期反应。随着PHSS含量的增加，早期强度略有下降，但强度损失明显低于传统高吸水性聚合物（SAP），对杨氏模量的影响较小。PHSS通过其开放的孔隙形成具有“墨水瓶”形分层孔喉的结构；其持续的水分释放促进了C-(A)- s - h凝胶的沉淀和填充到孔洞中，孔洞尺寸较小。以试验结果为输入参数，考虑自收缩为弹性和蠕变两分量，对已有的收缩预测模型进行了验证。预测结果与实测值吻合较好。

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引用次数: 0

Interface-engineered S-doped ZnS/ZnO carbon nanocomposites with oxygen vacancies for enhanced 4-nitrophenol detection 界面工程s掺杂ZnS/ZnO碳纳米复合材料与氧空位增强4-硝基苯酚检测

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01858

Feven Kassaye Egualle, Anteneh F. Baye, Hern Kim

Zinc sulfide (ZnS) is a semiconductor with a tunable bandgap and strong surface interactions, making it a promising candidate for optical and photonic applications. However, its use in electrochemical sensing remains limited due to its poor electron transport and insufficient affinity for redox-active analytes. To address these limitations, S-doped ZnS/ZnO carbon nanocomposite was synthesized via zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) activation of alkali lignin and subsequent hydrothermal sulfidation to enable the electrochemical detection of toxic 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP). During this process, the in-situ formation of ZnS and partial conversion of zinc oxide (ZnO) generated a strong interfacial coupling between ZnS and ZnO, leading to enhanced electron transport, while sulfur incorporation into the carbon framework not only facilitated 4-NP adsorption but also induced oxygen vacancies in ZnO, enhancing active sites and surface energy and ultimately reducing the charge transfer resistance. Owing to these outstanding properties, the sensor exhibited a low limit of detection, excellent selectivity against various interferences, and long-term stability. The practical applicability of S-doped ZnS/ZnO carbon nanocomposite was also evaluated, where it showed reliable detection of 4-NP concentrations in river water samples. Overall, the in-situ formation of S-doped ZnS/ZnO nanocomposites leverages the synergy between ZnS and ZnO nanoparticles, effectively integrates oxygen-vacancy-rich ZnO with a sulfur-doped carbon network, providing valuable insights for designing efficient electrocatalysts for multiple analyte-sensing applications.

硫化锌（ZnS）是一种具有可调带隙和强表面相互作用的半导体，使其成为光学和光子应用的有前途的候选者。然而，由于其电子传递性差和对氧化还原活性分析物的亲和力不足，其在电化学传感中的应用仍然受到限制。为了解决这些限制，通过氯化锌（ZnCl2）活化碱木质素并随后水热硫化合成了s掺杂ZnS/ZnO碳纳米复合材料，以实现有毒4-硝基苯酚（4-NP）的电化学检测。在此过程中，ZnS的原位形成和氧化锌的部分转化使ZnS和ZnO之间产生了强的界面耦合，导致电子传递增强，而硫加入碳骨架中不仅促进了4-NP吸附，还在ZnO中诱导了氧空位，增强了活性位点和表面能，最终降低了电荷转移阻力。由于这些优异的性能，该传感器具有较低的检测极限、对各种干扰的优异选择性和长期稳定性。本文还对s掺杂ZnS/ZnO碳纳米复合材料的实际适用性进行了评估，结果表明该材料能够可靠地检测河流水样中的4-NP浓度。总的来说，原位形成的s掺杂ZnS/ZnO纳米复合材料利用了ZnS和ZnO纳米颗粒之间的协同作用，有效地将富氧空位的ZnO与硫掺杂碳网络集成在一起，为设计用于多种分析物传感应用的高效电催化剂提供了有价值的见解。

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