Sustainable Materials and Technologies最新文献_第3页

Development of sustainable aluminum alloy‑tungsten carbide hybrid composites using industrial waste - An experimental analysis 利用工业废料开发可持续铝合金-碳化钨混合复合材料--实验分析

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01144

Ramasamy N. , Prakash M. , Prabhu B. , Viswanathan K. , Gowtham A. , Magesh R. , Arunkumar T.

The research article focuses on the development of aluminum alloy 6061 sustainable composites with the utilization of industrial waste through the use of the stir casting process. Recycling industrial waste is essential for reducing environmental impact. Thus, the red mud waste came from the aluminum production process, which was considered for producing sustainable metal matrix composites (MMCs). Also, tungsten carbide (WC) microparticles have been used to develop hybrid aluminum composite materials. The concentrations of red mud and tungsten carbide were 2 wt%, 4 wt%, and 6 wt%, respectively, and were used to achieve the desired strength performance of aluminum metal matrix composites. The elemental and bonding analyses of hybrid composites were analyzed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Mechanical characterizations of aluminum hybrid sustainable composites were also investigated, including tensile, compression, and microhardness testing. The results show that increasing reinforcement by up to 4 wt% increases the mechanical strength of aluminum alloy composites. The tensile, compression, and microhardness of metal matrix composites are increased by 25.24 %, 40.2 %, and 20.6 %, respectively, as compared to the aluminum alloy 6061 alloy. The surface morphology of metal matrix composites was analyzed by utilizing Field emission scanning electron microscopy. The proposed sustainable aluminum composites have the potential to develop structural and automotive components due to their higher strength-to-weight ratio.

研究文章的重点是通过使用搅拌铸造工艺，利用工业废料开发铝合金 6061 可持续复合材料。回收利用工业废物对减少环境影响至关重要。因此，我们考虑利用铝生产过程中产生的赤泥废料来生产可持续金属基复合材料（MMC）。此外，碳化钨（WC）微粒也被用于开发混合铝复合材料。赤泥和碳化钨的浓度分别为 2 wt%、4 wt% 和 6 wt%，用于实现铝金属基复合材料所需的强度性能。利用 X 射线衍射（XRD）和傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析了混合复合材料的元素和结合分析。此外，还研究了铝混合可持续复合材料的力学特性，包括拉伸、压缩和微硬度测试。结果表明，增加 4 wt% 的增强量可提高铝合金复合材料的机械强度。与铝合金 6061 相比，金属基复合材料的拉伸强度、压缩强度和显微硬度分别提高了 25.24%、40.2% 和 20.6%。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜分析了金属基复合材料的表面形态。所提出的可持续铝复合材料具有更高的强度重量比，因此具有开发结构和汽车部件的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Micro-extrusion foaming fabricating porous polyester elastomeric fiber for using in radiative cooling fabrics 微挤压发泡制造多孔聚酯弹性纤维，用于辐射冷却织物

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01151

Zelin Wang , Yushu Wang , Bichi Chen, Hanyi Huang, Yaozong Li, Wentao Zhai

Climate change has unleashed relentless global heatwaves, posing grave threats to the physical and mental well-being of outdoor laborers and the smooth functioning of society. Porous polymeric fibers exhibit promising potential in personal thermal management for wearable fabrics. Nevertheless, the absence of an environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and efficient method for producing the desired porous fibers remains a formidable challenge. Here, we introduce a pioneering micro-extrusion foaming technique for crafting elastic porous fibers endowed with dense longitudinally oriented cell morphologies, remarkable porosity of 69 % and elongation of 668 %. The technique enabled the continuous production of porous fibers exceeding 3000 m in length in a single operation, with fiber diameters controlled to approximately 0.25–0.55 mm. Fabrics woven from the elastic porous fiber offered a soft touch, proficiently reflecting more than 90.0 % of incident solar radiation and emitting 91.9 % of absorbed heat radiation, thereby achieving a theoretical radiant cooling power of 111.46 W/m² on sunlit days. Leveraging the controllable and scalable attributes of micro-extrusion foaming, the porous fiber is primed for practical deployment and expansion into diverse wearable applications.

气候变化引发了无情的全球热浪，严重威胁着户外劳动者的身心健康和社会的正常运转。多孔聚合物纤维在可穿戴织物的个人热管理方面展现出巨大的潜力。然而，缺乏一种环保、经济、高效的方法来生产所需的多孔纤维仍然是一项艰巨的挑战。在此，我们介绍了一种开创性的微挤压发泡技术，用于制造具有致密纵向定向细胞形态的弹性多孔纤维，其孔隙率高达 69%，伸长率高达 668%。该技术可一次性连续生产长度超过 3000 米的多孔纤维，纤维直径控制在 0.25-0.55 毫米左右。用弹性多孔纤维织成的织物具有柔软的触感，能有效反射 90.0% 以上的入射太阳辐射，并释放 91.9% 的吸收热辐射，从而在晴天达到 111.46 W/m2 的理论辐射制冷功率。利用微挤压发泡的可控性和可扩展性，多孔纤维已准备就绪，可实际部署并扩展到各种可穿戴应用中。

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引用次数: 0

Colours and microplastics: Bridging the gap between art, science and sustainability 色彩与微塑料：缩小艺术、科学和可持续性之间的差距

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01152

Nilofar Asim , Akmal Aizuddin Bin Zulkifli , Nurul Syakirah Nazri , Mohammad Torkashvand , Marzieh Badiei , Armin Rajabi , Masita Mohammad

The significant influence of colour on life and the numerous advantages of plastics over metals, ceramics, wood and other materials result in the incorporation of colour into polymers through a variety of techniques, including internally and externally. The widespread use of plastics, inappropriate trash disposal and inefficient recycling result in a substantial release of plastic into the environment. Environmental factors, such as heat, light, moisture, chemicals and wind, can degrade polymers, altering the composition, structure and morphology to a certain degree. This situation can result in the production of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) and associated chemicals. Ecosystems are seriously endangered by materials resulting from continuous deterioration, fragmentation and ageing of plastics. Majority of the commonly used plastics are coloured, underscoring the importance of closely monitoring coloured MPs. The influence of colour on MP formation, environmental effect, identification and waste management topics has not received enough attention. This review article addresses various concerns regarding coloured MPs, including their abundance, leaking, ageing, waste management and sustainability. Moreover, this work is based on research from field-based articles on plastics, MPs and coloured MPs. In the context of plastic pollution, future strategies for more effective mitigation of coloured MPs were also explored. Furthermore, this work attempts to assist in creating a clear road map for decision-making, selecting the optimal option for a given goal and developing a plan for expanding and improving an existing strategy.

色彩对生活的重大影响，以及塑料相对于金属、陶瓷、木材和其他材料的众多优势，促使人们通过各种技术（包括内部和外部技术）将色彩融入聚合物中。塑料的广泛使用、不恰当的垃圾处理和低效的回收利用导致塑料大量排放到环境中。热、光、湿气、化学品和风等环境因素会使聚合物降解，在一定程度上改变其成分、结构和形态。这种情况会产生微塑料（MPs）和纳米塑料（NPs）以及相关化学品。塑料的不断劣化、碎裂和老化所产生的材料严重危害着生态系统。大多数常用塑料都是有色塑料，这就突出了密切监测有色 MPs 的重要性。颜色对 MP 的形成、环境影响、识别和废物管理的影响尚未得到足够的重视。这篇综述文章探讨了与有色 MP 有关的各种问题，包括其丰度、泄漏、老化、废物管理和可持续性。此外，这项工作还基于有关塑料、MPs 和有色 MPs 的实地文章研究。在塑料污染的背景下，还探讨了更有效地缓解有色 MPs 污染的未来战略。此外，这项工作还试图协助绘制清晰的决策路线图，为特定目标选择最佳方案，并制定扩展和改进现有战略的计划。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation and machine learning models for predicting flexural and tensile strengths of recycled concrete: Bridging the gap between sustainable materials and structural design 用于预测再生混凝土抗弯和抗拉强度的实验研究和机器学习模型：弥合可持续材料与结构设计之间的差距

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01149

Syed Minhaj Saleem Kazmi, Muhammad Junaid Munir

The sustainability of structural components requires recycled aggregate concrete (RC) to achieve adequate flexural and split tensile strengths for practical use. These strengths depend on mix design and the properties of recycled coarse aggregates (R-CA). The variability in R-CA sources and the inherent heterogeneity of RC complicate strength predictions. No existing model accounts for this variability, leaving a gap between sustainable materials and structural design. This study develops machine learning-based models to predict the flexural and split tensile strengths of RC, regardless of R-CA source and properties. Key factors such as water absorption, effective water-to-cement ratio, coarse aggregate-to-cement ratio, and R-CA replacement ratio are used for predictions. The impact of different R-CA types on RC and natural aggregate concrete (NC) is also experimentally analyzed. A dataset of 353 test results from this study and 33 prior studies is used, and various machine learning algorithms (MLA) are evaluated. Results show a 41 % and 23 % reduction in flexural and split tensile strengths of RC compared to NC, but acid and mechanically treated R-CA can recover up to 94 % and 93 % of NC's strengths, respectively. Among all MLA models, the gradient boost model depicted the highest accuracy in predictions for the flexural and tensile strengths of both RC and NC. This research introduces new equations and a C/C++ tool for predicting RC and NC strengths, contributing to sustainable concrete design and bridging the gap between research and practical application.

结构部件的可持续性要求再生骨料混凝土（RC）达到足够的抗折和劈裂拉伸强度，以满足实际使用的需要。这些强度取决于混合设计和再生粗骨料（R-CA）的特性。R-CA 来源的可变性和 RC 固有的异质性使强度预测变得复杂。现有的模型都没有考虑到这种变异性，从而在可持续材料和结构设计之间留下了空白。本研究开发了基于机器学习的模型，用于预测 RC 的抗弯强度和劈裂拉伸强度，而不受 R-CA 来源和属性的影响。吸水率、有效水灰比、粗骨料水泥比和 R-CA 替代率等关键因素都可用于预测。实验还分析了不同 R-CA 类型对 RC 和天然骨料混凝土（NC）的影响。本研究使用了来自本研究和 33 项先前研究的 353 个测试结果数据集，并对各种机器学习算法 (MLA) 进行了评估。结果显示，与 NC 相比，RC 的抗弯强度和劈裂拉伸强度分别降低了 41% 和 23%，但经酸处理和机械处理的 R-CA 可分别恢复 NC 强度的 94% 和 93%。在所有 MLA 模型中，梯度提升模型对 RC 和 NC 抗折和抗拉强度的预测精度最高。这项研究引入了预测 RC 和 NC 强度的新方程和 C/C++ 工具，有助于可持续混凝土设计，并缩小了研究与实际应用之间的差距。

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引用次数: 0

Electricity supply resiliency evaluation by a hybrid renewable energy system for a petrochemical plant: Frameworks and quantitative assessment methodologies 石化厂混合可再生能源系统的电力供应弹性评估：框架和定量评估方法

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01139

Samaneh Habibzadeh, Mohammad Hossein Jahangir, Fatemeh Razi Astaraei

The escalation of harm inflicted upon energy systems, has spurred the investigation of energy system resilience. In this regard, the measurement of resilience capacity can serve as a valuable metric for assessing the energy system's ability to withstand a variety of events that may result in potential adverse outcomes. For renewable energy systems, the measurement of resilience is imperative due to the inherent unpredictability and unreliability in their nature. Often, resilience studies lack the comprehensiveness required to fully comprehend the intricate interdependencies within integrated hybrid renewable energy systems. This research delineates the essential factors required to facilitate a comprehensive understanding and advancement in the quantification of such integrated systems in small-scale. Pardis Petrochemical Company, located in Asalouyeh city, Iran, has been chosen as case study. Four distinct configurations of hybrid renewable energy systems—comprising Photovoltaic panels, Photovoltaic panels + Wind Turbines, Photovoltaic panels + Wave energy converters, and Photovoltaic panels + Wind Turbines + Wave energy converters— connected to grid, have been developed. These configurations are the result of a multi-objective optimization process, considering the following metrics: the cost of electricity (as an economic metric), CO₂ emissions (as an environmental metric), loss of power supply probability (as a reliability metric), and exergy efficiency (as a technical metric). Subsequently, a methodological framework for multicriteria decision support is introduced. This framework is constructed based on primary resilience dimensions, namely: “resist,” “restabilize,” “technology,” and “withstand” serve as a tool for measuring the resiliency of the optimized configurations. The findings indicate that the Photovoltaic panels + Wind Turbines + Wave Energy Converters configuration is as the most resilient system among the studied alternatives.

对能源系统造成的危害不断升级，促使人们对能源系统的恢复能力进行研究。在这方面，对恢复能力的测量可以作为评估能源系统抵御可能导致潜在不利结果的各种事件的能力的重要指标。对于可再生能源系统而言，由于其固有的不可预测性和不稳定性，因此必须对其恢复能力进行测量。通常情况下，复原力研究缺乏全面性，无法充分理解集成混合可再生能源系统中错综复杂的相互依存关系。本研究阐述了促进全面理解和推进小规模量化此类集成系统所需的基本要素。研究选择了位于伊朗 Asalouyeh 市的 Pardis 石化公司作为案例。该公司开发了四种不同配置的混合可再生能源系统，包括光伏电池板、光伏电池板+风力涡轮机、光伏电池板+波浪能转换器以及光伏电池板+风力涡轮机+波浪能转换器--与电网相连。这些配置是多目标优化过程的结果，考虑了以下指标：电力成本（作为经济指标）、二氧化碳排放量（作为环境指标）、供电损失概率（作为可靠性指标）和放能效率（作为技术指标）。随后，介绍了多标准决策支持的方法框架。该框架基于主要的复原力维度构建，即"抵御"、"恢复稳定"、"技术 "和 "承受 "是衡量优化配置复原力的工具。研究结果表明，在所研究的替代方案中，光伏板 + 风力涡轮机 + 波浪能转换器配置是复原力最强的系统。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication of a 2D/2D g-C3N4@ZnTDA nanosheets catalyst for highly efficient degradation of 2,4-dibromophenol and improved flame retardancy of polyurethane foam 制备 2D/2D g-C3N4@ZnTDA 纳米片催化剂，用于高效降解 2,4-二溴苯酚并改善聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性能

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01154

Zhoumei Xu, Fukai Chu, Chuanshen Wang, Xin Wang, Yanbei Hou, Weizhao Hu, Lei Song

High charge separation and transfer efficiency are considered as key factors of photocatalysts in wastewater treatment applications. In this work, a high performance photocatalyst g-C₃N₄@ZnTDA was designed and applied through a facile solvothermal strategy. The microstructural, morphological, physicochemical, and photoelectrochemical properties of g-C₃N₄@ZnTDA were fully characterized. The photocatalytic activity of g-C₃N₄@ZnTDA nanoparticles under visible light source in degrading the 2,4-dibromophenol(2,4-dB) contaminants was also successfully studied. Additionally, the g-C₃N₄@ZnTDA composite demonstrates easy operation and good regeneration ability, making it highly promising for the efficient removal of phenolic pollutants from wastewater. Besides, a novel reutilization method for used catalyst as flame retardant and for PU foams was successfully testified. The MCN-3 as a fire-safety coating could reduce the heat release and improve flame retardancy of PU composites. This work opens a new window for valuable inspiration and structural design of reutilized MOF composites.

高电荷分离和转移效率被认为是光催化剂在废水处理应用中的关键因素。本研究通过简便的溶热策略设计并应用了一种高性能光催化剂 g-C3N4@ZnTDA。研究充分表征了 g-C3N4@ZnTDA 的微观结构、形态、物理化学和光电化学特性。还成功研究了 g-C3N4@ZnTDA 纳米粒子在可见光光源下降解 2,4-二溴苯酚（2,4-dB）污染物的光催化活性。此外，g-C3N4@ZnTDA 复合材料具有操作简便、再生能力强等特点，在高效去除废水中的酚类污染物方面具有广阔的应用前景。此外，还成功验证了一种将废催化剂用作阻燃剂和聚氨酯泡沫的新型再利用方法。MCN-3 作为一种防火涂层，可以减少热量释放，提高聚氨酯复合材料的阻燃性。这项工作为重新利用 MOF 复合材料的灵感和结构设计打开了一扇新窗。

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引用次数: 0

Recycling of spent heat pack towards Fe-Fe3O4@NC catalyst for ORR in direct methanol fuel cells and Al-air batteries 在直接甲醇燃料电池和铝-空气电池中回收利用废热包中的 Fe-Fe3O4@NC 催化剂，用于 ORR

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01153

Keyru Serbara Bejigo , Ruby Alphonse Raj , Sang-Jae Kim

The effective repurposing of waste materials is crucial for sustainable development. The widespread use of disposable iron-based chemical warmers (IBCW) generates substantial solid waste annually. In this study, IBCWs were repurposed as raw materials to synthesize different electrocatalyst composites comprising metallic and oxide forms of iron embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon (NC). The composites were evaluated as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts. The optimized Fe-Fe₃O₄@NC demonstrated enhanced ORR kinetics, with an onset potential of 0.92 V and a half-wave potential of 0.86 V vs. RHE. As an air cathode for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC), Fe-Fe₃O₄@NC achieved a power density of 33.3 mW cm⁻² at 88 mA cm⁻², demonstrating its practical applicability. Additionally, a quasi solid-state aluminium-air battery (SAAB) was assembled using this catalyst as the air cathode with a PVA-KOH gel electrolyte and the separator. The quasi SAAB exhibited an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.46 V, a power density of 40 mW cm^-2, and good rate capability compared to Pt/C. The combined effect of metallic and oxide iron with nitrogen doping enhances the overall catalytic activity. This study demonstrates that IBCWs can be effectively transformed into valuable catalysts for renewable energy applications, enabling clean and sustainable utilization of waste materials.

废旧材料的有效再利用对于可持续发展至关重要。一次性铁基化学加热器（IBCW）的广泛使用每年产生大量固体废物。本研究以 IBCW 为原料，合成了不同的电催化剂复合材料，其中包括嵌入掺氮碳（NC）中的金属和氧化物形式的铁。这些复合材料作为氧还原反应（ORR）催化剂进行了评估。优化的 Fe-Fe3O4@NC 显示出更强的 ORR 动力学，与 RHE 相比，起始电位为 0.92 V，半波电位为 0.86 V。作为直接甲醇燃料电池（DMFC）的空气阴极，Fe-Fe3O4@NC 在 88 mA cm-2 的条件下实现了 33.3 mW cm-2 的功率密度，证明了其实用性。此外，还利用这种催化剂作为空气阴极，以 PVA-KOH 凝胶电解质和隔膜组装了准固态铝-空气电池（SAAB）。与 Pt/C 相比，准 SAAB 的开路电压 (OCV) 为 1.46 V，功率密度为 40 mW cm-2，并具有良好的速率能力。金属铁和氧化铁以及氮掺杂的共同作用增强了整体催化活性。这项研究表明，IBCW 可以有效地转化为有价值的催化剂，应用于可再生能源领域，实现废弃材料的清洁和可持续利用。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing electromagnetic interference mitigation: A comprehensive study on the synthesis and shielding capabilities of polypyrrole/cobalt ferrite nanocomposites 增强电磁干扰缓解能力：聚吡咯/钴铁氧体纳米复合材料的合成与屏蔽能力综合研究

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01150

Moustafa A. Darwish , M.M. Salem , Alex V. Trukhanov , Walaa Abd-Elaziem , Atef Hamada , Di Zhou , Anwer S. Abd El-Hameed , M. Khalid Hossain , Enas H. El-Ghazzawy

In a society increasingly infiltrated by digital and networking technologies, designing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials is critical for safeguarding sensitive electronic equipment and ensuring the smooth functioning of essential communication networks. This study focuses on the optimization of the properties of cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄)/polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposites made by in-situ polymerization used for electromagnetic (EM) shielding based on their magnetic and dielectric losses. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and vector network analyzer (VNA) were employed to study the materials' physical and chemical characteristics. The findings demonstrate that the magnetic and electric properties of the materials composed of CoFe₂O₄ and PPy are substantially altered by the integration of CoFe₂O₄ and PPy. Adding PPy to CoFe₂O₄ reduces the real and imaginary parts of magnetic permeability, and the conductivity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss are increased. These effects are advantageous for EM shielding applications. The high electromagnetic shielding performance mainly results from the enhanced interfacial polarization induced by interface region among CoFe₂O₄ and PPy molecules. The influence of the PPy matrix in altering the dielectric and magnetic loss factors (tanδ_E and tanδ_M) of the embedded ferrite particles is pronounced. Although CoFe₂O₄ shows excellent attenuation characteristics, it cannot optimally match impedance with free space, particularly at higher frequencies. In addition, material thickness and shielding efficiency adjust the reflection loss (RL) performance. The prepared composites can attenuate more than 95 % of the incident electromagnetic waves. This study emphasizes the benefits of employing composite materials in EMI shielding designs and the combined advantages of conductive and magnetic materials.

在数字和网络技术日益渗透的社会中，设计电磁干扰（EMI）屏蔽材料对于保护敏感电子设备和确保重要通信网络的顺利运行至关重要。本研究的重点是根据钴铁氧体（CoFe2O4）/聚吡咯（PPy）纳米复合材料的磁损耗和介电损耗，优化其用于电磁屏蔽的原位聚合纳米复合材料的性能。研究采用了 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)、振动样品磁力计 (VSM) 和矢量网络分析仪 (VNA) 来研究材料的物理和化学特性。研究结果表明，由 CoFe2O4 和 PPy 组成的材料的磁性和电性因 CoFe2O4 和 PPy 的结合而发生了重大变化。在 CoFe2O4 中添加 PPy 会降低磁导率的实部和虚部，并增加电导率、介电常数和介电损耗。这些效应都有利于电磁屏蔽应用。高电磁屏蔽性能主要源于 CoFe2O4 和 PPy 分子界面区诱导的界面极化增强。PPy 基体在改变嵌入铁氧体颗粒的介电和磁损耗因子（tanδE 和 tanδM）方面的影响非常明显。虽然 CoFe2O4 具有出色的衰减特性，但它无法与自由空间实现最佳阻抗匹配，尤其是在较高频率下。此外，材料厚度和屏蔽效率也会影响反射损耗（RL）性能。所制备的复合材料可衰减 95% 以上的入射电磁波。这项研究强调了在电磁干扰屏蔽设计中使用复合材料的好处，以及导电材料和磁性材料的综合优势。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable recycling of pure aluminum from waste chips under supergravity-enhanced separation: A cleaning process 在超重力增强分离条件下从废铝屑中可持续回收纯铝：一种清洁工艺

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01148

Bolin Sun, Lei Guo, Zhe Wang, Xi Lan, Zhancheng Guo

Large quantities of chips containing high levels of aluminum are always inevitably produced during machining process of aluminum products, which is a valuable renewable resource. In this paper, an environmental-friendly method for direct and continuous recovery of same-level recycled Al from waste chips under supergravity-induced was proposed. The oxide film covering the surface of the molten Al-chips was easily disrupted under super-gravity, and subsequently almost all of Al melt detached from the oxide film and flowed rapidly through the microporous ceramic foam filter, with a yield ratio of more than 97 %. During this process, all fine broken oxide-film particles and large amounts of primary iron-rich particles in the melt were captured in the complex channels of the filter, resulting in clean 1xxx series recycled Al with free inclusions and impurity iron content of less than 0.28 wt%. In addition, a sustainable process and a continuous centrifugal unit for recycling aluminum chips were designed, the economic and environmental advantages of which demonstrate the feasibility of sustainable regeneration of aluminum chip resources on an industrial scale via supergravity technique.

铝是一种宝贵的可再生资源，在铝制品的加工过程中，不可避免地会产生大量含铝量较高的切屑。本文提出了一种在超重力诱导下从废铝屑中直接连续回收同级再生铝的环保方法。在超重力作用下，覆盖在熔融铝屑表面的氧化膜很容易被破坏，随后几乎所有的铝熔体都脱离了氧化膜，迅速流经微孔陶瓷泡沫过滤器，产率超过 97%。在此过程中，熔体中所有细小的破碎氧化膜颗粒和大量富含铁的原生颗粒都被捕获到过滤器的复杂通道中，从而得到了干净的 1xxx 系列再生铝，其中不含夹杂物，杂质铁含量低于 0.28 wt%。此外，还设计了一种用于回收铝屑的可持续工艺和连续离心装置，其经济和环境优势证明了通过超重力技术在工业规模上实现铝屑资源可持续再生的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Stable and reusable electrospun bio-composite fibrous membranes based on PLA and natural fillers for air filtration applications 基于聚乳酸和天然填料的稳定且可重复使用的电纺生物复合纤维膜，用于空气过滤应用

IF 8.6 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2024.e01146

Roberto Scaffaro , Maria Clara Citarrella

Today, air pollution due to fine dust is one of the most critical environmental challenges. To mitigate the potential further environmental impact of air filtration devices, it is essential to explore the use of biodegradable polymers combined with natural fillers, preferably sourced from waste materials, to develop stable, reusable and UV-resistant air filters suitable for outdoor applications. In this work, composite fibrous membranes based on polylactic acid (PLA) and natural fillers were prepared via electrospinning and tested for air filtration applications. Air filtration performances were evaluated at different flow rates, temperature and humidity condition, aiming to simulate outdoor conditions. The addition of 10 wt% of Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI), Posidonia Oceanica Leaves (POL) or lignin (LIG) particles to PLA solution led to a decrease in fibers diameter increasing membranes filtration performances. PLA/OFI, PLA/POL and PLA/LIG composite membranes exhibited filtration efficiencies of 97.2 %, 99.4 %, 99.6 % for PM₃ at a flow rate of 32 L/min, and pressure drops of 114, 103, 105 Pa, respectively. The membranes demonstrated stability maintaining good filtration efficiency across different environmental conditions and after multiple reuse cycles. The addition of OFI and LIG powders also provided effective UV resistance, crucial for ensuring the longevity and performance of air filters exposed to outdoor conditions. These findings underscore the potential of these biodegradable composite membranes for sustainable indoor and outdoor air filtration solutions.

如今，微尘造成的空气污染已成为最严峻的环境挑战之一。为了减轻空气过滤装置可能对环境造成的进一步影响，有必要探索使用可生物降解的聚合物与天然填料（最好是从废弃材料中获取）相结合，以开发适合户外应用的稳定、可重复使用和抗紫外线的空气过滤器。在这项工作中，通过电纺丝技术制备了基于聚乳酸（PLA）和天然填料的复合纤维膜，并进行了空气过滤应用测试。在不同的流速、温度和湿度条件下对空气过滤性能进行了评估，旨在模拟室外条件。在聚乳酸溶液中添加 10 wt% 的鸦片（Opuntia Ficus Indica，OFI）、海芋叶（Posidonia Oceanica Leaves，POL）或木质素（Lignin，LIG）颗粒会导致纤维直径减小，从而提高膜的过滤性能。聚乳酸/OFI、聚乳酸/POL 和聚乳酸/LIG 复合膜对 PM3 的过滤效率分别为 97.2%、99.4% 和 99.6%，流速为 32 升/分钟，压降分别为 114、103 和 105 帕。在不同的环境条件下和多次重复使用后，膜仍能保持良好的过滤效率。添加 OFI 和 LIG 粉末还能有效抗紫外线，这对确保暴露在室外条件下的空气过滤器的寿命和性能至关重要。这些发现强调了这些可生物降解复合膜在可持续室内外空气过滤解决方案方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0