Sustainable Materials and Technologies最新文献_第6页

Sustainable nitrogen-self-doped coffee ground-derived activated carbon for efficient adsorption of short- and long-chain PFAS: Mechanistic insights and practical applications 可持续氮自掺杂咖啡渣衍生活性炭对短链和长链PFAS的高效吸附：机理见解和实际应用

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01857

Poonnawit Hanphaiboon , Xuejiao Liu , Riaz Ahmad , Jie Zhang , Beibei Pan , Yin Wang

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), persistent and toxic pollutants, demand innovative, sustainable water treatment. This study introduces a steam-activated carbon from waste coffee grounds (CGAC) utilizing a chemical-free, nitrogen self-doping strategy for efficient PFAS removal. Raw coffee grounds, inherently rich in nitrogen (2.70 wt%), underwent pyrolysis and steam activation, yielding CGAC with high surface area (∼1200 m²/g), hierarchical porosity, and retained nitrogen (1.76 wt%). Batch experiments showed that CGAC achieved nearly 100 % PFOS and > 75 % PFBS removal at a low dose of 0.025 g/L, outperforming commercial coconut and bamboo activated carbons, with adsorption capacities of 286.1 mg/g (PFOS) and 32.4 mg/g (PFBS). CGAC exhibited excellent reusability, maintaining >90 % PFOS removal over four ethanol regeneration cycles. Water matrix studies revealed that divalent cations (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺) enhanced PFAS uptake via cation bridging, while humic acid reduced adsorption through competitive interactions. CGAC maintained high PFOS selectivity even under anionic competition (Cl⁻, NO₃⁻), and competitive adsorption further confirmed suppressed short-chain PFBS uptake in the presence of PFOS. Mechanistic analyses showed that PFOS and PFBS follow fundamentally distinct adsorption pathways on the same surface: PFOS adsorption (Langmuir, pseudo-first-order, entropy-driven) was dominated by hydrophobic interactions facilitated by low desolvation energy and exhibited minimal pH dependence. Conversely, PFBS adsorption (Freundlich, pseudo-second-order, enthalpy-driven) relied on electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding, consistent with its pH sensitivity and cation-mediated enhancement. By explicitly demonstrating this dual-mechanism capability on a single waste-derived carbon surface, CGAC synergistically resolves the hydrophobic-electrostatic trade-off in PFAS adsorption. This leverages CG's intrinsic chemistry for a chemical-free, cost-effective, and scalable PFAS remediation solution, while simultaneously valorizing coffee waste.

全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是持久性有毒污染物，需要创新、可持续的水处理。本研究介绍了一种利用无化学物质、氮自掺杂策略从废咖啡渣（CGAC）中提取的蒸汽活性炭，用于有效去除PFAS。生咖啡渣本身富含氮（2.70 wt%），经过热解和蒸汽活化，得到具有高表面积（~ 1200 m2/g）、分层孔隙度和保留氮（1.76 wt%）的CGAC。批量实验表明，CGAC在0.025 g/L的低剂量下，对PFOS的去除率接近100%，对PFBS的去除率为75%，优于商用椰子活性炭和竹活性炭，吸附量分别为286.1 mg/g （PFOS）和32.4 mg/g （PFBS）。CGAC表现出优异的可重复使用性，在四个乙醇再生循环中保持了90%的全氟辛烷磺酸去除率。水基质研究表明，二价阳离子（Ca2+, Mg2+）通过阳离子桥接增强PFAS的吸收，而腐植酸通过竞争相互作用减少吸附。即使在阴离子竞争（Cl−,NO₃−）下，CGAC也保持了高的PFOS选择性，并且竞争吸附进一步证实了在PFOS存在下抑制短链PFBS的摄取。机理分析表明，PFOS和PFBS在同一表面上遵循完全不同的吸附途径：PFOS的吸附（Langmuir，伪一阶，熵驱动）主要由低脱溶能促进的疏水相互作用主导，对pH依赖性最小。相反，PFBS吸附（Freundlich，伪二阶，焓驱动）依赖于静电吸引和氢键，与其pH敏感性和阳离子介导的增强一致。通过在单一废物来源的碳表面上明确展示这种双机制能力，CGAC协同解决了PFAS吸附中的疏水和静电权衡。这充分利用了CG的内在化学无化学，具有成本效益，可扩展的PFAS修复解决方案，同时对咖啡废物进行估价。

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引用次数: 0

Bionic cork barrier based on instantaneous fire-triggered graphite expansion: Towards integrated active-passive fire protection for high-rise buildings 基于瞬时火灾触发石墨膨胀的仿生软木屏障：迈向高层建筑主被动一体化防火

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01854

Shaokang Song , Ya Liu , Yingjie Zhao , Zhenxiu Zhang

The escalating fire safety challenges in high-rise buildings under rapid urbanization, particularly the severe life threats posed by high occupant density, difficult evacuation, and rapid fire spread, drive an urgent need for novel fireproof materials that integrate efficient passive protection with intelligent active warning. To overcome the limitations of existing systems, this work draws inspiration from the programmed sacrificial defense mechanism of the quercus suber cork layer, proposing an innovative strategy for integrated active–passive fire protection. By leveraging the expansion of expandable graphite (EG) under heat to form a bio-inspired ablative carbon layer and the accompanying significant physical changes, an innovative approach using supercritical N₂ foaming technology was employed to successfully fabricate a lightweight, flexible, highly thermally insulating, and ultra-fireproof intelligent heat-responsive flame-retardant elastomer foam (IHFEF). Compared to the control sample, the IHFEF exhibits dramatic reductions of 72.0 % in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and 77.4 % in peak smoke production rate (PSPR), alongside a remarkable 93.6 % increase in limiting oxygen index (LOI). When subjected to direct impingement by a 1200 °C butane flame for 180 s, the foam maintained structural integrity while effectively limiting the backside temperature to below 187 °C, demonstrating its exceptional passive thermal barrier performance. Furthermore, by capitalizing on the electrical conductivity changes induced by EG expansion, the material simultaneously functions as an intelligent fire alarm sensor, providing continuous alarm duration exceeding 2400 s. This unique intelligent “perception-warning-protection” integrated response mechanism transcends the conventional boundaries separating active and passive fire protection, offering a highly promising material solution for significantly enhancing fire safety in high-rise buildings and extending the available safe evacuation time.

在快速城市化的背景下，高层建筑的消防安全面临着日益严峻的挑战，尤其是人员密度大、疏散困难、火势蔓延快等对生命安全的严重威胁，迫切需要一种集高效被动防护与智能主动预警于一体的新型防火材料。为了克服现有系统的局限性，本工作从栎树亚软木层的程序化牺牲防御机制中获得灵感，提出了一种集成主-被动防火的创新策略。利用可膨胀石墨（EG）在高温下膨胀形成仿生烧蚀碳层，并伴随显著的物理变化，采用超临界N₂发泡技术的创新方法，成功制备了轻质、柔性、高绝热、超防火的智能热响应性阻燃弹性体泡沫（IHFEF）。与对照样品相比，IHFEF的峰值放热率（PHRR）和峰值产烟率（PSPR）分别显著降低了72.0%和77.4%，极限氧指数（LOI）显著提高了93.6%。当受到1200°C的丁烷火焰直接撞击180 s时，泡沫保持结构完整性，同时有效地将背面温度限制在187°C以下，显示出其卓越的被动热障性能。此外，通过利用EG膨胀引起的电导率变化，该材料同时作为智能火灾报警传感器，提供超过2400秒的连续报警时间。这种独特的智能“感知-预警-保护”一体化响应机制，超越了传统的主动与被动消防的界限，为显著提升高层建筑的消防安全，延长可用安全疏散时间提供了极具前景的材料解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Bioinspired hierarchical FBN@Ni@MWCNTs architectures for synergistic ultra-broadband microwave absorption coupled with efficient thermal conduction, corrosion resistance and environmental robustness 仿生分层FBN@Ni@MWCNTs结构，用于协同超宽带微波吸收，具有高效热传导、耐腐蚀性和环境稳健性

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01856

Zhen Lv , Zhongyang Duan , Xiangshuo Xing , Chunlong Yue , Shuang Liu , Di Yin , Yufeng Bai , Tai Peng

Hierarchical and bioinspired FNNC composites were synthesized by anchoring Ni nanoparticles onto FBN platelets, followed by polydopamine coating and subsequent integration with MWCNTs under controlled calcination. This approach enabled the construction of a multidimensional network in which FBN provided a stable dielectric framework and abundant defect-dipole sites, Ni nanoparticles introduced magnetic loss and interfacial polarization, and the PDA/MWCNTs interphase established continuous conduction pathways with enhanced coupling. Benefiting from this architecture, FNNC10–400 demonstrated outstanding multifunctional properties. The composite achieved a minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of −73.58 dB at 11.72 GHz with a thickness of 2.08 mm, together with an ultra-wide effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 10.05 GHz, surpassing most advanced microwave-absorbing materials (MAMs). Remarkable radar cross-section suppression was realized, reaching −37.02 dB·m² and maintaining values below −10 dB·m² across wide incident angles, including reductions of −27.00 and − 26.67 dB·m² at 0° and 30°, respectively. Beyond electromagnetic performance, FNNC10–400/UV-CR composites with 14 wt% loading exhibited a thermal conductivity (TC) of 0.869 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, corresponding to a 247.6 % enhancement compared with pristine UV-CR (0.25 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹). Electrochemical analysis confirmed excellent anticorrosion properties, while the bioinspired design provided robust interfacial adhesion and environmental robustness. These findings establish FNNC composites as a multifunctional platform with significant promise for electromagnetic protection and thermal management under complex environments. In particular, their unique combination of broadband microwave absorption (MA), high TC, and corrosion resistance highlights their potential for emerging applications in subsea data centers and underwater data exchangers, where efficient MA, heat dissipation, and durability are critically required.

通过将Ni纳米颗粒锚定在FBN血小板上，然后进行聚多巴胺涂层，然后在可控煅烧下与MWCNTs整合，合成了层次化和仿生FNNC复合材料。该方法构建了一个多维网络，其中FBN提供了稳定的介电框架和丰富的缺陷偶极子位点，Ni纳米颗粒引入了磁损失和界面极化，PDA/MWCNTs界面相建立了耦合增强的连续传导途径。得益于这种结构，FNNC10-400表现出了出色的多功能特性。该复合材料在11.72 GHz时的最小反射损耗（RLmin）为- 73.58 dB，厚度为2.08 mm，有效吸收带宽（EAB）为10.05 GHz，超过了大多数先进的微波吸收材料（MAMs）。实现了显著的雷达横截面抑制，在宽入射角范围内达到- 37.02 dB·m2，保持在- 10 dB·m2以下，其中在0°和30°方向分别降低了- 27.00和- 26.67 dB·m2。除了电磁性能外，负载为14 wt%的FNNC10-400 /UV-CR复合材料的导热系数（TC）为0.869 W·m−1·K−1，与原始UV-CR （0.25 W·m−1·K−1）相比，提高了247.6%。电化学分析证实了优异的防腐性能，而仿生设计提供了强大的界面附着力和环境稳健性。这些发现使FNNC复合材料成为一种多功能平台，在复杂环境下具有重要的电磁保护和热管理前景。特别是，其独特的宽带微波吸收（MA）、高TC和耐腐蚀性的组合突出了其在海底数据中心和水下数据交换器中的新兴应用潜力，这些应用对高效的MA、散热和耐用性有着至关重要的要求。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon quantum dots for hydrogen peroxide production 用于生产过氧化氢的碳量子点

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01852

Zahra Amiri , Ali Bakhshi , Mobin Safarzadeh Khosrowshahi , Mahdi Davari Dolatabadi , Hadi Shayesteh

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a versatile chemical with extensive applications across chemical production, environmental protection, healthcare, and energy sectors due to its strong oxidative properties and environmentally benign decomposition products. Despite its industrial significance, conventional production methods, particularly the anthraquinone process, face challenges including high energy consumption, safety risks, and environmental concerns. Emerging approaches such as direct synthesis, electrochemical methods, piezocatalysis, plasma, and photocatalysis offer alternative routes, yet limitations such as low selectivity, slow charge transfer, and catalyst instability persist. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), particularly their heteroatom-doped variants, have recently attracted attention as efficient and environmentally friendly catalysts for H₂O₂ generation. Owing to their high surface area, tunable electronic structure, abundant functional groups, and excellent charge separation capabilities, they enhance photocatalytic, piezocatalysis, and electrocatalytic H₂O₂ production. This review examines each H₂O₂ production route, presenting a systematic analysis of their mechanisms, recent advances, strengths and weaknesses, techno-economic considerations, and key bottlenecks that must be overcome for scale-up. Also, this review describes CQD synthesis methods and properties and critically evaluates the role of CQDs in improving H₂O₂ generation efficiency. Furthermore, patent and bibliometric analyses are presented to elucidate current research trends and technological developments. By integrating fundamental principles, material innovations, and practical applications, this review provides a valuable resource for advancing CQD-assisted H₂O₂ production technologies.

过氧化氢（H2O2）是一种用途广泛的化学品，由于其强大的氧化特性和对环境无害的分解产物，在化工生产、环境保护、医疗保健和能源领域有着广泛的应用。尽管具有重要的工业意义，但传统的生产方法，特别是蒽醌工艺，面临着包括高能耗、安全风险和环境问题在内的挑战。诸如直接合成、电化学方法、压电催化、等离子体和光催化等新兴方法提供了替代途径，但仍然存在选择性低、电荷转移缓慢和催化剂不稳定性等局限性。碳量子点（CQDs），特别是其杂原子掺杂变体，作为高效环保的H2O2生成催化剂，近年来引起了人们的关注。由于其高表面积、可调谐的电子结构、丰富的官能团和优异的电荷分离能力，它们增强了光催化、压电催化和电催化生成H2O2的能力。本文考察了H2O2的每一条生产路线，系统分析了它们的机制、最新进展、优势和劣势、技术经济考虑以及扩大规模必须克服的关键瓶颈。综述了CQD的合成方法和性能，并对CQD在提高H2O2生成效率方面的作用进行了评价。此外，本文还介绍了专利和文献计量分析，以阐明当前的研究趋势和技术发展。本文综合了基本原理、材料创新和实际应用，为推进cqd辅助H2O2生产技术提供了宝贵的资源。

{"title":"Carbon quantum dots for hydrogen peroxide production","authors":"Zahra Amiri , Ali Bakhshi , Mobin Safarzadeh Khosrowshahi , Mahdi Davari Dolatabadi , Hadi Shayesteh","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) is a versatile chemical with extensive applications across chemical production, environmental protection, healthcare, and energy sectors due to its strong oxidative properties and environmentally benign decomposition products. Despite its industrial significance, conventional production methods, particularly the anthraquinone process, face challenges including high energy consumption, safety risks, and environmental concerns. Emerging approaches such as direct synthesis, electrochemical methods, piezocatalysis, plasma, and photocatalysis offer alternative routes, yet limitations such as low selectivity, slow charge transfer, and catalyst instability persist. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), particularly their heteroatom-doped variants, have recently attracted attention as efficient and environmentally friendly catalysts for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> generation. Owing to their high surface area, tunable electronic structure, abundant functional groups, and excellent charge separation capabilities, they enhance photocatalytic, piezocatalysis, and electrocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production. This review examines each H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production route, presenting a systematic analysis of their mechanisms, recent advances, strengths and weaknesses, techno-economic considerations, and key bottlenecks that must be overcome for scale-up. Also, this review describes CQD synthesis methods and properties and critically evaluates the role of CQDs in improving H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> generation efficiency. Furthermore, patent and bibliometric analyses are presented to elucidate current research trends and technological developments. By integrating fundamental principles, material innovations, and practical applications, this review provides a valuable resource for advancing CQD-assisted H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> production technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article e01852"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multifunctional oxidized hyaluronic acid/quaternized guar gum/polyvinylpyrrolidone hydrogel for hemostasis and infected wound management 多功能氧化透明质酸/季铵化瓜尔胶/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水凝胶用于止血和感染伤口管理

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01851

Qiuxia Guo , Peng Fan , Xinyi Liu , Cui Zeng , Shige Wang , Huadong Li

Uncontrolled hemorrhage and bacterial infection remain critical challenges in wound management, necessitating advanced dressings that integrate rapid hemostasis, antibacterial activity, and tissue regeneration. Herein, we present a multifunctional injectable hydrogel (QGHP) composed of oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA), quaternized guar gum (QGG), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) via dual dynamic crosslinking (Schiff base bonds and hydrogen bonds). This design imparts QGHP with rapid self-healing capability, strong tissue adhesion, shear-thinning injectability, and customizable mechanical properties. The hydrogel demonstrates exceptional fluid absorption (swelling ratio: ∼1148 %) and controlled degradation. Cationic groups of QGG confer intrinsic broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, achieving >95 % inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli without antibiotics. In a rat tail amputation model, QGHP achieves rapid hemostasis (∼17 s) and reduces blood loss by ∼84 %. For infected wounds, QGHP accelerates closure, suppresses bacterial proliferation (∼3.5 % survival), and enhances collagen deposition and re-epithelialization. The dual-network hydrogel combines injectability, bio-adhesion, and antibacterial functionality, offering a promising solution for complex wound healing.

不受控制的出血和细菌感染仍然是伤口管理的关键挑战，需要先进的敷料，结合快速止血，抗菌活性和组织再生。在此，我们提出了一种多功能注射水凝胶（QGHP），由氧化透明质酸（OHA）、季铵盐瓜尔胶（QGG）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）通过双动态交联（希夫碱键和氢键）组成。这种设计使QGHP具有快速自愈能力、强组织粘附性、剪切减薄注射性和可定制的力学性能。水凝胶表现出特殊的流体吸收（溶胀率：~ 1148%）和可控降解。QGG的阳离子基团具有固有的广谱抗菌活性，在不使用抗生素的情况下对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌具有95%的抑制作用。在大鼠尾巴截肢模型中，QGHP可实现快速止血（约17秒），并减少约84%的失血量。对于感染的伤口，QGHP加速愈合，抑制细菌增殖（约3.5%的存活率），并促进胶原沉积和再上皮化。双网络水凝胶结合了可注射性、生物粘附性和抗菌功能，为复杂伤口愈合提供了一个有前途的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Piezoelectric and electromagnetic coupled energy harvesting for wearable backpack systems 可穿戴背包系统的压电和电磁耦合能量收集

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01849

Jingwen Su, Lipeng He, Zhongyuan Miao, Xuesen Yuan, Ziming Zhou, Yingchun Li

This paper presents a piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling energy harvesting technique for wearable backpack system (PECHB), and its structural design and operating principle are systematically investigated. The Frequency Up-Conversion is achieved through the rack and pinion kinematic mechanism, thus enhancing the energy conversion efficiency. In the piezoelectric module, the mass block moves up and down with the human body, driving the magnet to periodically excite the piezoelectric sheet to generate electrical energy. Electromagnetic modules work with coils through a rotor structure that uses changes in magnetic flux to induce an electrical potential. At the same time, the quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) mechanism reduces the equivalent stiffness of the system through coordinated design of positive and negative stiffness springs. In low-frequency vibration environments, system response speed and energy conversion efficiency are significantly improved. Through modeling and simulation results, it was found that reasonable configuration of magnet spacing and spring stiffness can effectively improve the output performance of the prototype. Experiments show that under the best parameter configuration with a vibration frequency of 4 Hz, a mass block of 105.6 g and spring wire diameter of 0.6 mm, the peak voltage of the piezoelectric module reaches 60.6 Vpp. The maximum output power is 136.89 mW with an external load of 6kΩ. A sequence of application experiments validated the performance of the equipment, which can drive microdevices such as LEDs, verifying its power supply feasibility.

提出了一种用于可穿戴背包系统（PECHB）的压电-电磁耦合能量收集技术，并对其结构设计和工作原理进行了系统研究。通过齿轮齿条运动机构实现变频，提高了能量转换效率。在压电模块中，质量块随着人体上下移动，带动磁铁周期性地激励压电片产生电能。电磁模块通过转子结构与线圈一起工作，转子结构利用磁通量的变化来感应电势。同时，准零刚度（QZS）机构通过正刚度和负刚度弹簧的协调设计降低了系统的等效刚度。在低频振动环境下，系统响应速度和能量转换效率显著提高。通过建模和仿真结果发现，合理配置磁体间距和弹簧刚度可以有效提高样机的输出性能。实验表明，在振动频率为4 Hz、质量块为105.6 g、弹簧丝直径为0.6 mm的最佳参数配置下，压电模块的峰值电压可达60.6 Vpp。最大输出功率为136.89 mW，外部负载为6kΩ。一系列的应用实验验证了该装置的性能，可以驱动led等微型器件，验证了其供电的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling the potential of bioactive compounds in vegetable and fruit peels: Exploring sensing characteristics, health benefits, and environmental opportunities 揭示蔬菜和水果果皮中生物活性化合物的潜力：探索传感特性，健康益处和环境机会

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2026.e01850

S. Keerthana, S. Aashika, Ashis Tripathy

Peels from fruits and vegetables, which are typically thought of as agricultural waste, are currently attracting scientific interest as renewable sources of nanomaterials for ecofriendly sensor technologies. These peels, which are rich in bioactive substances like polypHenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids, allow for the environmentally friendly synthesis of nanoparticles with superior functional qualities. The development of peel-derived nanomaterials for a variety of sensor platforms, such as humidity, piezoelectric, gas, strain, pH, electrochemical, colorimetric, and fluorescence-based systems, is highlighted in this review. Emerging WaveFlex optical-fiber plasmonic architectures show how engineered fiber geometries and hybrid coatings, such as peel-based fluorescent carbon dots, can further improve signal amplification, evanescent-field interaction, and multimodal sensing performance in tandem with these material-derived innovations. The sensitivity, response time, and environmental adaptability of these bio-inspired sensors show encouraging results. The use of peel-based nanoparticles in sensor manufacturing is in line with the ideas of the circular economy and provides an affordable, environmentally beneficial substitute for traditional sensing materials. Along with addressing important issues like process standardization and signal stability, the review also looks at important synthesis routes, material characterization, and functional optimization. In the end, this work presents peel-based nanomaterials as a revolutionary strategy for improving biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and food safety.

水果和蔬菜的果皮通常被认为是农业废物，但作为环保传感器技术的纳米材料的可再生来源，目前正引起科学界的兴趣。这些果皮富含生物活性物质，如多酚、类黄酮和类胡萝卜素，可以合成具有优越功能品质的环保纳米颗粒。本文重点介绍了用于各种传感器平台的皮衍生纳米材料的发展，如湿度、压电、气体、应变、pH、电化学、比色和荧光系统。新兴的WaveFlex光纤等离子体结构表明，工程光纤几何形状和混合涂层，如基于剥离的荧光碳点，可以进一步改善信号放大、倏逝场相互作用和多模态传感性能，与这些材料衍生的创新相结合。这些仿生传感器的灵敏度、响应时间和环境适应性都显示出令人鼓舞的结果。在传感器制造中使用基于剥皮的纳米颗粒符合循环经济的理念，并为传统传感材料提供了一种负担得起的、对环境有益的替代品。除了解决工艺标准化和信号稳定性等重要问题外，该综述还关注了重要的合成路线、材料表征和功能优化。最后，这项工作提出了基于皮的纳米材料作为改进生物医学诊断、环境监测和食品安全的革命性策略。

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引用次数: 0

Designing hierarchical Zr-Co MOF nanostructures on CuO nanowires electrode for energy storage devices 基于CuO纳米线电极的Zr-Co MOF层次化结构设计

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01848

Muhammad Ahmad , Tehseen Nawaz , Iftikhar Hussain , Xi Chen , Yassine Eddahani , Rajat Walia , Ci Wang , Karanpal Singh , Bhargav Akkinepally , Kaili Zhang

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer significant benefits for enhancing the characteristics and architecture of resultant metal-based active materials. Our study introduces a unique electrode material, Zr-Co oxide@CuO, derived from a Zr-Co MOF precursor combined with a pre-oxidized Cu mesh. By anchoring n-type Zr-Co oxide onto a p-type CuO nanowire scaffold, we created a p-n heterostructure that synergistically combines capacitive and diffusive charge behaviours along with wide potential window (1.2 V), resulting in a composite with optimized electrochemical performance. Hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) device featuring the Zr-Co oxide@CuO as the positive and reduced graphene oxide as the negative electrode exhibited excellent energy and power densities. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were utilized to analyse the properties of the hybrid electrode material. The HSC device demonstrated a high energy density of 53 Wh kg⁻¹ at a power density of 1.47 kW kg⁻¹. In essence, the unidirectional and vertically oriented MOF-derived Zr-Co oxide@CuO electrode, with its distinguished electrochemical performance, holds potential for the development of advanced supercapacitor electrodes.

金属有机框架（mof）为增强金属基活性材料的特性和结构提供了显著的好处。我们的研究引入了一种独特的电极材料，Zr-Co oxide@CuO，来源于Zr-Co MOF前驱体和预氧化的Cu网。通过将n型Zr-Co氧化物锚定在p型CuO纳米线支架上，我们创造了一种p-n异质结构，该异质结构协同结合了电容性和扩散电荷行为以及宽电位窗口（1.2 V），从而使复合材料具有优化的电化学性能。以Zr-Co oxide@CuO为正极，还原氧化石墨烯为负极的混合超级电容器（HSC）器件具有优异的能量和功率密度。此外，利用密度泛函理论（DFT）计算分析了杂化电极材料的性能。在1.47 kW kg - 1的功率密度下，HSC器件的能量密度高达53 Wh kg - 1。从本质上讲，mof衍生的单向垂直定向Zr-Co oxide@CuO电极具有优异的电化学性能，具有发展先进超级电容器电极的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis of a green, efficient and sustainable B/P/N ternary flame retardant 绿色、高效、可持续的B/P/N三元阻燃剂的合成

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01847

Fengying Lan , Gongze Ji , Chen Chen , Jiaxi Luan , Chaohong Dong , Zhou Lu

Aiming at addressing the flammability of cotton fabrics and the environmental concerns associated with traditional halogenated flame retardants, this study designed a novel, efficient, and sustainable flame retardant (BTPN) based on a halogen-free B/P/N ternary integrates system. BTPN was sustainably applied to cotton fabrics through chemical grafting, leveraging non-toxic and readily available materials such as boric acid and urea. The experimental data showed that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the BTPN-treated cotton fabric was significantly increased from 18 % to 48.5 % at a weight gain (WG) of 21.8 %, and still reached 35.6 % after 50 washing cycles (LCs), which provided excellent flame retardancy and water washing resistance. Cone Calorimetry Test (CCT) shows that the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) are reduced by 90.7 % and 45.6 % respectively, which effectively inhibits the spread of combustion. Thermogravimetric test (TG) showed that the residual char of cotton fabric was enhanced from 6.22 % to 18.14 % and from 12.28 % to 39.8 % in air atmosphere and nitrogen atmosphere, respectively, at 740 °C. SEM and XPS analyses showed that a dense char layer was formed on the surface of the fiber after combustion, and stable structures, such as P-O-P and B-O-B, were detected, which indicated that the B, P, and N elements in BTPN collectively contributed to catalytic dehydration and char formation, thereby playing a flame retardant role. Finally, the potential flame retardant mechanisms of BTPN in the gas and condensed phases, respectively, were comprehensively analysed. This work not only introduces a high-performance flame retardant (BTPN) but also offers a green and sustainable strategy for enhancing the fire safety of textiles, demonstrating significant potential for practical and environmentally conscious applications.

针对棉织物的易燃性和传统卤代阻燃剂对环境的影响，设计了一种新型、高效、可持续的基于无卤B/P/N三元体系的阻燃剂。利用硼酸和尿素等无毒易得的材料，通过化学接枝将BTPN可持续地应用于棉织物。实验数据表明，经btpn处理的棉织物在增重21.8%时，极限氧指数（LOI）由18%显著提高至48.5%，洗涤50次后仍可达到35.6%，具有良好的阻燃性和耐水洗性能。锥量热测试（CCT）结果表明，燃烧后的峰值放热率（pHRR）和总放热率（THR）分别降低了90.7%和45.6%，有效抑制了燃烧的蔓延。热重测试（TG）结果表明，在740℃的空气气氛和氮气气氛中，棉织物的残余炭含量分别从6.22%提高到18.14%和12.28%提高到39.8%。SEM和XPS分析表明，燃烧后纤维表面形成致密的炭层，并检测到P- o -P和B- o -B等稳定结构，说明BTPN中的B、P、N元素共同参与了催化脱水和炭的形成，从而起到阻燃作用。最后，对BTPN在气相和凝聚相中的潜在阻燃机理进行了综合分析。这项工作不仅介绍了一种高性能阻燃剂（BTPN），而且为提高纺织品的防火安全提供了一种绿色和可持续的策略，展示了实际和环保应用的巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Utilization potential of industrial residue from toluene diisocyanate purification in asphalt mixture: engineering and environmental impacts 甲苯二异氰酸酯净化工业渣在沥青混合料中的利用潜力：工程和环境影响

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01842

Bei Jiang , Xin Xiao , Hui Yu , Zhong Cao , Hongchu Shi , Feipeng Xiao

Waste residues from the toluene diisocyanate (TDI) industry, specifically polymeric toluene diisocyanate (P-TDI), circulate in asphalt mixtures as a response to challenges of P-TDI treatment and decarbonization. In this study, P-TDI was pretreated and blended with asphalt by considering its characteristics and economics. The stabilization and environmental risk of P-TDI modified asphalt was explored by the extraction procedure for leaching toxicity. Laboratory results indicate that P-TDI improves high temperature performance and adhesion strength of asphalt mixtures, and increase dynamic stability by up to 60 %. The volume replacement rate of P-TDI does not exceed 5 % with less impact on moisture susceptibility. Porous structure and smooth surface of P-TDI are attribute to the properties of asphalt mixtures without chemical reaction. Most of heavy metals and potential organic contaminants in P-TDI could be well stabilized by asphalt. Therefore, P-TDI has a high potential to achieve circulation in asphalt mixtures.

甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）工业的废渣，特别是聚合甲苯二异氰酸酯（P-TDI），作为对P-TDI处理和脱碳挑战的回应，在沥青混合物中循环。本研究综合考虑P-TDI的特性和经济性，对其进行预处理并与沥青混合。通过对P-TDI改性沥青浸出毒性的研究，探讨了其稳定性和环境风险。实验结果表明，P-TDI提高了沥青混合料的高温性能和粘接强度，并使其动态稳定性提高了60%。P-TDI的体积替代率不超过5%，对湿敏感性影响较小。P-TDI的多孔结构和表面光滑是沥青混合料未经化学反应的特性决定的。沥青能很好地稳定P-TDI中的大部分重金属和潜在的有机污染物。因此，P-TDI在沥青混合料中具有很高的循环潜力。

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引用次数: 0