Sustainable Materials and Technologies最新文献_第7页

Microwave depolymerisation of PMMA: Power density, char management, and reactor design for high-purity monomer recovery PMMA的微波解聚：功率密度，焦炭管理，以及高纯度单体回收的反应器设计

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01807

Mohamed Adam , Nicklas Hjalmarsson , Chai Siah Lee , Nidia Diaz Perez , Mark Fields , Adam J. Clarke , John Runnacles , Derek J. Irvine , John Robinson , Eleanor Binner

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a versatile polymer valued for its optical and mechanical properties, durability and biocompatibility. However, its production carries a high carbon footprint, primarily due to the energy-intensive synthesis of its monomer, methyl methacrylate (MMA), while recycling rates remain below 10 %, largely due to limitations in current conventionally heated technologies. Microwave depolymerisation offers a promising route to address these challenges by enabling greener, more energy-efficient recovery of the monomer. However, due to the unique microwave heating mechanisms, innovation in microwave reactor design is required to realise this at industrial scale. This study defines the key processing parameters required for successful scale-up of microwave depolymerisation of PMMA into high-purity MMA. A semi-continuous microwave reactor was developed to explore these parameters under controlled conditions. Electromagnetic simulations were employed to optimise reactor performance and provide insight into the observed process behaviours. For the first time, the roles of power density and char accumulation in determining product quality during microwave depolymerisation of PMMA are quantitatively established, highlighting the need for reactor designs that enable high power density and effective char removal. These findings define key design principles for microwave reactor scale-up and represent a critical step toward economically and environmentally viable PMMA recycling within circular plastic systems.

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）是一种多功能聚合物，因其光学和机械性能、耐久性和生物相容性而受到重视。然而，其生产带来了高碳足迹，主要是由于其单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）的能源密集型合成，而回收率仍然低于10%，主要是由于当前传统加热技术的局限性。微波解聚为解决这些挑战提供了一条有希望的途径，使单体的回收更加环保、节能。然而，由于其独特的微波加热机制，需要在微波反应堆设计上进行创新，以实现工业规模的微波加热。本研究确定了微波解聚PMMA成高纯度MMA所需的关键工艺参数。为了在可控条件下研究这些参数，研制了半连续微波反应器。采用电磁模拟来优化反应器性能，并提供观察过程行为的洞察力。本文首次定量地确定了PMMA微波解聚过程中功率密度和焦炭积累在决定产品质量中的作用，强调了对能够实现高功率密度和有效除焦的反应器设计的需求。这些发现定义了微波反应器放大的关键设计原则，并代表了在循环塑料系统中经济和环境可行的PMMA回收的关键一步。

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引用次数: 0

Europium/Terbium metal-organic frameworks for multifaceted luminescent sensing: A comprehensive review 用于多面发光传感的铕/铽金属有机框架：综述

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01805

Xin Zhong , Sirui Guo , Xiang Xiang Li , Cui Ying Pu , Jun Wang , Lu Lu , Aparna Kushwaha , Abhinav Kumar , Ying Pan

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent an architecturally versatile class of porous crystalline materials formed through the self-assembly of metal nodes either ions or polynuclear clusters and organic ligands bearing multiple coordination sites. Their extended three-dimensional lattice structures result from precise metal-ligand coordination interactions, enabling tunable porosity, high surface area, and structural adaptability. This synthetic flexibility has positioned MOFs at the forefront of advanced materials research, with wide-ranging applications in gas storage, separation, catalysis, and sensing. Lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) represent a dynamic class of hybrid porous materials, distinguished by the integration of trivalent lanthanide ions with multifunctional organic linkers through coordination chemistry. These frameworks retain the hallmark properties of conventional MOFs tunable porosity, structural modularity, and crystallinity while uniquely incorporating the exceptional photoluminescent attributes of lanthanide ions, originating from their shielded 4f orbitals. As a result, Ln-MOFs exhibit remarkable optical characteristics, including large Stokes shifts, narrow-band emissions, high color purity, substantial quantum yields, and prolonged emission lifetimes, making them highly desirable for photonic applications. Recent progress has highlighted the utility of Ln-MOFs especially the europium/terbium MOFs in the fluorescence-based detection of a broad spectrum of analytes, ranging from metal ions and anionic species to pharmaceutical residues, biomacromolecules, agrochemical contaminants, and antimicrobial substances. This review consolidates recent advances in the field, beginning with a survey of synthetic strategies employed in the construction of Ln-MOFs, followed by an analysis of their emission behavior. Special attention is given to their application in chemical and biological sensing, with emphasis on the photophysical mechanisms governing signal modulation. The insights presented aim to facilitate the rational design of next-generation Ln-MOF optical sensors and stimulate future developments in this rapidly evolving research domain.

金属有机骨架（mof）是一种结构多样的多孔晶体材料，通过金属节点（离子或多核簇）与具有多个配位的有机配体的自组装而形成。它们扩展的三维晶格结构源于精确的金属配体配位相互作用，实现了可调的孔隙度、高表面积和结构适应性。这种合成灵活性使mof处于先进材料研究的前沿，在气体储存、分离、催化和传感方面有着广泛的应用。镧系金属有机骨架（mn - mofs）是一类动态的杂化多孔材料，其特点是通过配位化学将三价镧系离子与多功能有机连接剂结合。这些框架保留了传统mof的标志性特性，可调节孔隙度、结构模块化和结晶度，同时独特地结合了镧系离子的特殊光致发光特性，源自其屏蔽的4f轨道。因此，mn - mof具有显著的光学特性，包括大的斯托克斯位移，窄带发射，高色纯度，大量的量子产率和延长的发射寿命，使其非常适合光子应用。最近的进展突出了lmof，特别是铕/铽mof在基于荧光的广谱分析物检测中的应用，范围从金属离子和阴离子到药物残留物、生物大分子、农用化学污染物和抗菌物质。本文综述了该领域的最新进展，首先概述了用于构建ln - mof的合成策略，然后分析了它们的发射行为。特别关注它们在化学和生物传感中的应用，重点是控制信号调制的光物理机制。提出的见解旨在促进下一代Ln-MOF光学传感器的合理设计，并刺激这一快速发展的研究领域的未来发展。

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引用次数: 0

Particle electrodes for sustainable sulfide electro-oxidation: Critical insight into anode passivation mitigation and high-valued sulfur recovery 颗粒电极可持续硫化物电氧化：关键洞察阳极钝化缓解和高价值硫回收

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01808

Umar Abdulbaki Danhassan , Jianglong Liu , Musa Abubakar Tadda , Abubakar Shitu , Ibrahim Lawan , Zhiying Han , Qili Yu , Songming Zhu

Sulfide electrochemical oxidation is an eco-friendly wastewater treatment method that uses electrons as the primary reagent to convert sulfide into recoverable elemental sulfur (S⁰) and sulfate. However, sluggish sulfide transfer to the anode and sulfur passivation of the anode hinder its wide-scale implementation. Anode surface modifications that produce electrocatalysts on the anode surface or on the oxide film to enhance sulfide transfer kinetics and the anode's processing capacity require intensive chemicals, improve electrocatalysis in a localized area, and S⁰ passivation of the anode progressively degrades the performance. Likewise, chemical, mechanical, and electrochemical methods employed to remove the sulfur passivation layer reintroduce S⁰ into solution, necessitating an additional solid-liquid separation step. This review proposes a paradigm shift that integrates redox-active materials between electrodes to serve as particle electrodes (PE) for sustainable sulfide remediation. The review shows how biochar can serve as PE, utilizing porous, conductive, and redox-active sites to simultaneously mitigate anode passivation, reduce energy demand, and enable recovery of high-value S⁰ and sulfate. Spent biochar can be a slow-release sulfur fertilizer and buffer against soil salinity and ammonia volatilization. These insights would bridge fundamental electrochemistry with resource recovery in wastewater treatment and soil remediation.

硫化物电化学氧化是一种以电子为主要试剂，将硫化物转化为可回收的单质硫（S0）和硫酸盐的环保废水处理方法。然而，缓慢的硫化物转移到阳极和阳极的硫钝化阻碍了其大规模实施。阳极表面改性在阳极表面或氧化膜上产生电催化剂，以增强硫化物转移动力学和阳极的处理能力，需要大量的化学物质，在局部区域改善电催化，阳极的S0钝化会逐渐降低性能。同样，用于去除硫钝化层的化学、机械和电化学方法将S0重新引入溶液，需要额外的固液分离步骤。这篇综述提出了一种范式转变，将氧化还原活性材料集成到电极之间，作为可持续硫化物修复的颗粒电极（PE）。这篇综述展示了生物炭如何作为PE，利用多孔性、导电性和氧化还原活性位点，同时减轻阳极钝化，减少能源需求，并使高价值的硫酸盐和硫酸盐得以回收。废生物炭可以作为缓释硫肥和缓冲土壤盐分和氨挥发。这些见解将把基础电化学与废水处理和土壤修复中的资源回收联系起来。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-functional corrosion inhibitors from biomass-derived N, Br-carbon dots via adsorption film protection and fluorescence response 基于吸附膜保护和荧光响应的生物质N， br -碳点双功能缓蚀剂

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01797

Dan Zhou , Lincai Peng , Xiaohong Chen , Danchu Wang , Pengcheng Zhou , Wenpo Li

Corrosion threatens the resilience of critical infrastructure, imposes massive economic burdens, and challenges global resource sustainability. The development of advanced anti-corrosion and corrosion monitoring inhibitors is of paramount importance. Nevertheless, traditional inhibitors suffer from inherent drawbacks, including a lack of ecological compatibility, uni-functionality, and non-persistent protective effects. The exploration of all-in-one inhibitors with multifunction remains limited. Herein, novel biomass-derived N, Br-co-doped carbon dots (HCDs) were synthesized for comprehensive protection of Q235 steel in hydrochloric acid environment and were capitalized on their intrinsic fluorescence by employing them as a fluorescent probe in corrosion monitoring and studying their adsorption behavior. HCDs provide outstanding corrosion inhibition (>97 %) for carbon steel after 120 h at 150 mg L⁻¹. This remarkable durability stems from their abundant functional groups, which facilitate anchoring and the formation of a dense monolayer film. Results of fluorescence-quantified corrosion monitoring and adsorption behavior tracking have not only unveiled strong affinity, ultra-sensitivity (LOD: 0.274 μM), and broad detection range of HCDs toward Fe³⁺, where Fe³⁺ is the dominant corrosion product from steel dissolution; but also clarified HCDs' adsorption behavior: the initially transient adsorption and subsequently equilibrium adsorption. This work unveils a fresh vantage point for the mechanistic exploration of carbon dots as corrosion inhibitors, extends the application of inherent fluorescence of carbon dot within corrosion inhibition and enables multifunctional all-in-one CD material design in an economical, efficient, and convenient way.

腐蚀威胁到关键基础设施的恢复能力，造成巨大的经济负担，并挑战全球资源的可持续性。开发先进的防腐蚀和腐蚀监测抑制剂是至关重要的。然而，传统的抑制剂存在固有的缺陷，包括缺乏生态兼容性、单一功能和非持久的保护作用。对多功能一体化抑制剂的探索仍然有限。本文合成了一种新型生物质来源的N， br共掺杂碳点（HCDs），用于Q235钢在盐酸环境中的综合保护，并利用其固有荧光作为荧光探针用于腐蚀监测和研究其吸附行为。hcd在150 mg L−1下作用120 h后，对碳钢具有优异的缓蚀性（97%）。这种显著的耐久性源于其丰富的官能团，有助于锚定和形成致密的单层膜。荧光定量腐蚀监测和吸附行为跟踪结果表明，HCDs对Fe3+具有很强的亲和力、超灵敏度（LOD: 0.274 μM）和较宽的检测范围，其中Fe3+是钢铁溶解的主要腐蚀产物；同时也阐明了HCDs的吸附行为：最初的瞬态吸附和随后的平衡吸附。本研究为碳点作为缓蚀剂的机理探索提供了新的有利条件，扩展了碳点固有荧光在缓蚀剂中的应用，使多功能一体化CD材料的设计更加经济、高效、便捷。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon capture potential of aluminium and cobalt metal-organic framework (MOF) synthesised by upcycling lithium-ion battery waste 锂离子电池废弃物升级回收合成铝钴金属有机骨架（MOF）的碳捕获潜力

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01801

Huu Khue Pham , Minh Phuong Do , Madhavi Srinivasan

The increasing dependence on lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in current electronic devices leads to production of high amount of battery waste that need to be properly managed. Several Aluminium and Cobalt-based metal-organic-frameworks (MOFs), such as MIL-53(Al), ZIF-67 and Co-MOF-74 were synthesised from spent LIBs waste and utilized for CO₂ adsorption. The produced MOFs exhibit high similarity with reported synthesised MOF of the same type in terms of their crystallinity, morphologies and thermal stability. A Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of up to 1400 m²/g was recorded among the MOFs produced. The synthesised MOFs were assessed for their CO₂ adsorption capability, with a performance of up to 5.76 mmol/g at 273 K, 1 bar and 4.07 mmol/g at 298 K, 1 bar. The findings demonstrate the valorisation of waste LIBs into advanced function materials, offering additional economic incentives to the recycling process.

当前电子设备对锂离子电池（LIBs）的依赖日益增加，导致大量电池废物的产生，需要妥善管理。以废lib为原料合成了MIL-53（Al）、ZIF-67和Co-MOF-74等多种铝基和钴基金属有机骨架（mof），并将其用于CO2吸附。所制备的MOF在结晶度、形貌和热稳定性方面与已报道的同类型MOF具有很高的相似性。在所生产的mof中，记录了高达1400 m2/g的brunauer - emmet - teller （BET）表面积。对合成的mof的CO2吸附性能进行了评价，在273 K， 1 bar条件下的吸附性能可达5.76 mmol/g，在298 K， 1 bar条件下的吸附性能可达4.07 mmol/g。研究结果表明，废lib可转化为先进的功能材料，为回收过程提供了额外的经济激励。

引用次数: 0

Mechanically stable defective Mo2TiX2O2 MXenes as potential electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction toward methanol production 机械稳定的缺陷Mo2TiX2O2 MXenes作为二氧化碳还原制甲醇的潜在电催化剂

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01804

Irfan Ali Soomro, Di Zhao, Samuel Akinlolu Ogunkunle, Ming Zhou, Liang Wang, Porun Liu, Huai Qin Fu, Lei Zhang, Huijun Zhao, Yun Wang

The electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into liquid fuels offers a sustainable pathway to mitigate greenhouse emissions while storing renewable energy in chemical form. MXenes are promising candidates for this reaction due to their exceptional conductivity and tunable surface chemistry. Herein, we applied density functional theory to reveal that defect-engineered double transition metal (DTM) MXenes can exhibit remarkable catalytic enhancement. The formation of a mechanically stable metal‑oxygen-vacancy pair center in Mo₂TiC₂O₂ is energetically allowed, which can significantly lower the overpotential for methanol formation to only 0.46 V. The reaction proceeds via the formate pathway, where the vacancy pair center acts as a Lewis acidic site that strongly anchors the nucleophilic oxygen atom of CO₂. This acid-based interplay drives efficient activation, stabilizes key intermediates, and suppresses the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. These findings position defective DTM MXenes as highly promising electrocatalysts and underscore the pivotal role of defect engineering in tailoring MXenes for efficient CO₂ conversion.

将二氧化碳（CO2）电化学转化为液体燃料，为减少温室气体排放提供了一条可持续的途径，同时以化学形式储存可再生能源。由于其优异的导电性和可调的表面化学性质，MXenes是该反应的有希望的候选者。在此，我们应用密度泛函理论揭示了缺陷工程双过渡金属（DTM） MXenes可以表现出显著的催化增强。在能量上允许在Mo2TiC2O2中形成机械稳定的金属氧空位对中心，这可以显著降低甲醇生成的过电位，仅为0.46 V。反应通过甲酸途径进行，其中空位对中心作为路易斯酸位点，牢固地固定CO2的亲核氧原子。这种酸基相互作用驱动高效活化，稳定关键中间体，抑制竞争性析氢反应。这些发现将缺陷DTM MXenes定位为极有前途的电催化剂，并强调了缺陷工程在定制MXenes以实现高效二氧化碳转化方面的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental impact assessment of material manufacturing for nickel-manganese-cobalt batteries 镍锰钴电池材料制造的环境影响评价

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01790

Aleksandra Skalba, Angad Panesar

Li-ion batteries are critical in advancing sustainable mobility and reducing GHG emissions. However, the extraction and processing of materials such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel can lead to significant environmental degradation and health risks. Optimising battery manufacturing is therefore essential to minimising the life cycle impacts of electric vehicles. Among Li-ion chemistries, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) batteries are widely adopted due to their high energy density, performance, and scalability. This study presents a novel, multidimensional life cycle assessment (LCA) of NMC battery manufacturing by combining material level analysis via the bill of materials with a comparative evaluation of leading chemistries, NMC 523, 622, and 811, across 16 environmental impact categories. Using an integrated LCA Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) framework, results are weighted, normalised, and aggregated, enabling cross-category comparisons and ranking of chemistries and materials. A major novelty lies in the extended environmental scope, moving beyond GHG emissions, with resource use, fossil, ecotoxicity, freshwater, land use, water use, and climate change accounting for 99 % of the total PEF score. The analysis identifies cobalt as the most impactful material (PEF score 94/kg), followed by lithium salts (43), aluminium (40), and nickel (36), highlighting key environmental hotspots. Among the chemistries assessed, NMC 811 exhibits 18 % lower overall environmental footprint, and a 42 %, 20 %, and 16 % improvement in water use, climate change, and land use, respectively. These results support shifts toward low-cobalt chemistries while underscoring the role of auxiliary materials in shaping environmental performance. The findings emphasise the need for sustainable sourcing, material substitution, chemistry refinement, and advancements in end-of-life recycling to reduce life cycle burdens and recover high-impact materials. By integrating full-spectrum LCA with PEF and benchmarking across chemistries, this study advances battery sustainability assessment and offers a comprehensive framework to inform future design, manufacturing, recycling strategies, and policy decisions.

锂离子电池在推进可持续交通和减少温室气体排放方面至关重要。然而，锂、钴和镍等材料的提取和加工可能导致严重的环境退化和健康风险。因此，优化电池制造对于最小化电动汽车的生命周期影响至关重要。在锂离子化学材料中，锂镍锰钴氧化物（NMC）电池因其高能量密度、高性能和可扩展性而被广泛采用。本研究提出了一种新颖的、多维生命周期评估（LCA）的NMC电池制造，通过材料清单的材料水平分析与主要化学品NMC 523、622和811在16个环境影响类别中的比较评估相结合。使用集成的LCA产品环境足迹（PEF）框架，对结果进行加权、标准化和汇总，从而实现化学品和材料的跨类别比较和排名。一个主要的新颖之处在于扩大了环境范围，超越了温室气体排放，资源利用、化石、生态毒性、淡水、土地利用、水利用和气候变化占PEF总分的99%。该分析将钴确定为最具影响力的材料（PEF得分为94/kg），其次是锂盐（43），铝（40）和镍（36），突出了关键的环境热点。在评估的化学物质中，NMC 811的总体环境足迹降低了18%，在水利用、气候变化和土地利用方面分别改善了42%、20%和16%。这些结果支持向低钴化学的转变，同时强调了辅助材料在塑造环境性能方面的作用。研究结果强调了可持续采购、材料替代、化学改进和生命周期末期回收的必要性，以减少生命周期负担并回收高影响材料。通过将全谱LCA与PEF和化学基准相结合，本研究推进了电池可持续性评估，并提供了一个全面的框架，为未来的设计、制造、回收策略和政策决策提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Construction a biochar-based microbial agent for boosting biocontrol of Bacillus subtilis on cotton verticillium wilt 构建生物炭基微生物剂促进枯草芽孢杆菌对棉花黄萎病的生物防治

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01802

Yunyun Wang , Lulu Wang , Yu Qin , Xiaopan Du , Muhan Liang , Bo Gao , Genlin Zhang

Biological control agents (BCAs), such as Bacillus subtilis, offer an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic chemicals for managing the plant diseases. However, the application of BCAs is often hampered by complex soil environmental factors, leading to low survival rate and disease control efficiency. Herein, based on the microbial cell adhesion of active functional groups on the biochar surface, we constructed a biochar-based microbial agent (K-BS191) by immobilizing the biocontrol bacterium Bacillus subtilis BS191 on biochar (KNWP) for biological control of cotton Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. The resulting immobilized microbial agent K-BS191 exhibited the potent inhibitory activity against Verticillium dahliae V592, 28.30 % higher fungistatic rate than Bacillus subtilis BS191 suspension. The effective viable count of K-BS191 reached 1.52 × 10¹⁰ CFU/g, and remained at 7.75 × 10⁹ CFU/g after 180 days of storage at room temperature. The pot trials confirmed that K-BS191 promoted cotton growth not only through managing Verticillium wilt (88.76 % of control efficiency, 19.67 % higher than Bacillus subtilis BS191) but also through enhancing soil fertility and reconstructing beneficial microbiota in soil. The findings of this study thus contribute to the development of sustainable biocontrol strategies for cotton Verticillium wilt.

枯草芽孢杆菌等生物防治剂为防治植物病害提供了一种生态友好的替代化学制剂。然而，bca的应用往往受到复杂的土壤环境因素的阻碍，导致成活率低，防病效率低。本研究利用微生物细胞在生物炭表面粘附活性功能基的特性，将生物防治菌枯草芽孢杆菌BS191固定在生物炭（KNWP）上，构建了生物炭基微生物剂K-BS191，用于棉花黄萎病的生物防治。结果表明，固定化菌剂K-BS191对大丽花黄萎病菌V592具有较强的抑菌活性，抑菌率比枯草芽孢杆菌BS191悬浮液高28.30%。K-BS191的有效活菌数达到1.52 × 1010 CFU/g，室温保存180 d后保持在7.75 × 109 CFU/g。盆栽试验证实，K-BS191不仅通过防治黄萎病（防治效率为88.76%，比枯草芽孢杆菌BS191高19.67%），而且通过提高土壤肥力和重建土壤有益菌群来促进棉花生长。本研究结果有助于棉花黄萎病的可持续生物防治策略的开发。

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引用次数: 0

Intelligent prediction of fire retardancy and smoke suppression in waste wood composites with a hybrid deep learning model 基于混合深度学习模型的废木复合材料阻燃抑烟智能预测

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01799

Manqi Xu , Liwen Zhou , Junjie Xia , Shenjie Han , Xingying Zhang , Kongjie Gu , Zhiqiang Dong , Junfeng Hou

The green and high-value utilization of waste wood is crucial for sustainable development in the wood industry. In this study, waste wood served as the primary raw material, modified with bio-derived tannic acid (TA) and phytic acid (PA) as flame retardants, to fabricate high-performance biomass-based composite. The synergistic mechanisms between waste wood, modifiers, and adhesives were elucidated using techniques including FTIR, XPS, and SEM-EDS. Deep learning models—RNN, LSTM, and CNN-LSTM-A—were innovatively applied to predict flame retardancy (heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR)) and smoke suppression (total smoke release (TSR), total smoke production (TSP)) of the composites. The results indicate that the addition of 9 wt% TA/PA significantly enhances the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of the composite material. Specifically, the PHRR and THR were reduced by 49.03 % and 11.52 %, respectively, while the TSR and TSP both decreased substantially by 87.20 %. The modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bond strength (IB) increased by 34.01 %, 35.52 %, and 84.62 %, enabling simultaneous enhancement of flame retardancy and mechanical properties. The CNN-LSTM-A model demonstrated superior prediction accuracy, with R² values between 0.9769 and 0.9949 (Testing sets) and 0.9776–0.9981 (Training sets). This work provides both theoretical and practical support for developing high-performance green composites from waste wood via TA/PA modification and introduces a deep learning-based intelligent prediction approach for performance-oriented design and development of advanced wood composites.

废木材的绿色、高价值利用对木材工业的可持续发展至关重要。本研究以废木材为主要原料，以生物衍生单宁酸（TA）和植酸（PA）为阻燃剂进行改性，制备高性能生物质基复合材料。利用FTIR、XPS和SEM-EDS等技术分析了废木材、改性剂和胶粘剂之间的协同作用机制。创新性地应用深度学习模型——rnn、LSTM和cnn -LSTM- a来预测复合材料的阻燃性（热释放率（HRR）、总放热率（THR））和抑烟性（总发烟率（TSR）、总发烟量（TSP））。结果表明，掺量为9wt %的TA/PA显著提高了复合材料的阻燃性能和抑烟性能。其中，PHRR和THR分别下降了49.03%和11.52%，TSR和TSP均大幅下降了87.20%。断裂模量（MOR）、弹性模量（MOE）和内部粘结强度（IB）分别提高了34.01%、35.52%和84.62%，同时增强了阻燃性和力学性能。CNN-LSTM-A模型的预测准确率较高，测试集的R2值在0.9769 ~ 0.9949之间，训练集的R2值在0.9776 ~ 0.9981之间。本研究为利用废木材进行TA/PA改性开发高性能绿色复合材料提供了理论和实践支持，并为高性能木质复合材料的设计和开发提供了一种基于深度学习的智能预测方法。

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引用次数: 0

From biomolecules to a stable zinc Interface: Green molecular engineering for high-performance, durable zinc-air batteries 从生物分子到稳定的锌界面：高性能、耐用的锌空气电池的绿色分子工程

IF 9.2 2区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01803

Pengyu Shen , Yunfei Gao , Yutian Li , Fang Guo , Lei Guo , Qihui Wang , Jinfang Wu , Wenbo Wang

Zinc-air batteries (ZABs) represent a compelling next-generation energy storage devices owing to their exceptional energy density and operational safety; however, their practical deployment has been consistently hindered by irreversible zinc anode corrosion in alkaline electrolytes. This work introduces Caragana korshinskii-derived biomolecules (CKSE) as multifunctional, safe electrolyte additive that effectively addresses this fundamental challenge through precisely engineered molecular interfacial modulation. The identified active constituents coordinate with Zn substrate via heteroatom-mediated interactions to form a protective layer that significantly mitigates corrosion and suppresses parasitic hydrogen evolution. With the addition of CKSE in 6 M KOH, the ZABs achieve a specific capacity of 770 mAh g⁻¹, and remarkable cycling stability over 1100 h. Combined in-situ spectroscopic analysis with theoretical simulations, the inhibition mechanism arises from the formation of ZnO and ZnN coordination bonds, resulting in effective interfacial passivation.

锌空气电池（ZABs）由于其卓越的能量密度和操作安全性，代表了令人信服的下一代储能设备；然而，它们的实际应用一直受到碱性电解质中锌阳极不可逆腐蚀的阻碍。本研究介绍了柠条衍生的生物分子（CKSE）作为多功能、安全的电解质添加剂，通过精确设计的分子界面调制有效地解决了这一基本挑战。鉴定的活性成分通过杂原子介导的相互作用与Zn衬底协调形成保护层，显著减轻腐蚀并抑制寄生氢的析出。在6 M KOH中加入CKSE后，ZABs的比容量达到770 mAh g−1，并且在1100 h内具有良好的循环稳定性。结合原位光谱分析和理论模拟，ZABs的抑制机制源于ZnO和ZnN配位键的形成，从而实现了有效的界面钝化。

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引用次数: 0