Pub Date : 2020-05-31DOI: 10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-022
Adewale Tajudeen Akande
Background/Objective: The main concern of this research is the continuous involvement of commercial vehicles in road traffic accidents in Nigeria with the magnitudes of the fatalities and huge economic cost implications annually. The objective of this study is to understand and investigate the trends of road traffic accidents in Nigeria and equally examine the effect of the driver’s license status of commercial vehicle drivers on the risk of road traffic accidents in those two sites selected. Materials and Methods: The methodology behind this research includes a comparative research design for evaluation of the two survey locations of Nigeria ́s new and old capital cities with differences and similarities. The research involves quantitative method with the use of 10 questions on Incidences of road accident, driving license status and sociodemographics characteristics which was adapted from the tested five-in-one instrument called LoMICs-DBQ. It is a direct self-reported questionnaire model for data collection as the primary source with these cognitive questions to be answered with a 6-point Likert scale. Other related data was facilitated by the FRSC and National Bureau of Statistics in Nigeria. Simple Random sampling was used to select the total of 600 drivers out of which only 471 gave their consent and subsequently investigated. This study survey ethical clearance was obtained from the motor parks union leaders and participants are registered bus drivers in Abuja and Lagos within their local government authorities. The data collected was analysed using, SPSS 25, line charts, cross-tabulation which a tool for descriptive statistics, chi-square and Linear Regression which are inferential statistics tools to show relationship between the Demographic variables of the drivers, driving license status and the rate of accidents in the two survey relations. Results: The table also shows a coefficient of correlations (R) of 0.665aand the adjusted R square of .257. This means that 25.7% of the variance in the rate of road accident in Lagos is accounted for by all the Driving License Status. The contribution of the independent variable to the dependent variables was not significant (F = 2.383; df =1, 3; p>0.05) and that other variables not included in this model may have accounted for the remaining variance. The table also shows a coefficient of correlations (R) of 0. 461a, and the adjusted R square of -.049. This means that 4.9% of the variance in the rate of road accident in FCT Abuja is accounted for by all the Driving License Status. The contribution of the independent variable to the dependent variables was not significant (F = .812; df = 1, 3; p>0.05) and that other variable not included in this model may have accounted for the remaining variance in the rate of road accidents. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between demographic variables of the participants and their driving license status, that Driving License Status of commercial d
{"title":"Impact of Driver’s License Status of Commercial Drivers and the Rate of Road Traffic Accidents in Nigeria: A Case Study of Abuja and Lagos","authors":"Adewale Tajudeen Akande","doi":"10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-022","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objective: The main concern of this research is the continuous involvement of commercial vehicles in road traffic accidents in Nigeria with the magnitudes of the fatalities and huge economic cost implications annually. The objective of this study is to understand and investigate the trends of road traffic accidents in Nigeria and equally examine the effect of the driver’s license status of commercial vehicle drivers on the risk of road traffic accidents in those two sites selected. Materials and Methods: The methodology behind this research includes a comparative research design for evaluation of the two survey locations of Nigeria ́s new and old capital cities with differences and similarities. The research involves quantitative method with the use of 10 questions on Incidences of road accident, driving license status and sociodemographics characteristics which was adapted from the tested five-in-one instrument called LoMICs-DBQ. It is a direct self-reported questionnaire model for data collection as the primary source with these cognitive questions to be answered with a 6-point Likert scale. Other related data was facilitated by the FRSC and National Bureau of Statistics in Nigeria. Simple Random sampling was used to select the total of 600 drivers out of which only 471 gave their consent and subsequently investigated. This study survey ethical clearance was obtained from the motor parks union leaders and participants are registered bus drivers in Abuja and Lagos within their local government authorities. The data collected was analysed using, SPSS 25, line charts, cross-tabulation which a tool for descriptive statistics, chi-square and Linear Regression which are inferential statistics tools to show relationship between the Demographic variables of the drivers, driving license status and the rate of accidents in the two survey relations. Results: The table also shows a coefficient of correlations (R) of 0.665aand the adjusted R square of .257. This means that 25.7% of the variance in the rate of road accident in Lagos is accounted for by all the Driving License Status. The contribution of the independent variable to the dependent variables was not significant (F = 2.383; df =1, 3; p>0.05) and that other variables not included in this model may have accounted for the remaining variance. The table also shows a coefficient of correlations (R) of 0. 461a, and the adjusted R square of -.049. This means that 4.9% of the variance in the rate of road accident in FCT Abuja is accounted for by all the Driving License Status. The contribution of the independent variable to the dependent variables was not significant (F = .812; df = 1, 3; p>0.05) and that other variable not included in this model may have accounted for the remaining variance in the rate of road accidents. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between demographic variables of the participants and their driving license status, that Driving License Status of commercial d","PeriodicalId":231256,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Science & Technoledge","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115981108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-31DOI: 10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-011
J. Onchieku, Eucharia U. Kenya, T. Cheptoo, F. Khamis, Richard O. Oduor
The quality characteristics of biodiesel produced from Jatropha curcas in Kenya were evaluated. Seeds for oil extraction were obtained from Meru and Tharaka Nithi, Kibwezi, Oyugis and Funyula research plots while biodiesel was obtained through trans-esterification process. Physical and chemical properties of seed oil and biodiesel were analysed according to the American Standards Testing Materials (ASTM D4052) protocols. It was found that the density of oil was between 1.0802 1.0864 g/cm3 at 20°C whereas that of biodiesel ranged between 0.8786 – 0.8808 g/cm3. Acid value of seed oil was between 1.35 4.19 mgKOH/g while that of biodiesel was between 0.31 0.86 mgKOH/g. Kinematic viscosity of biodiesel was between 4.3 to 4.8 mm2/s at 40°C. From the results, it was concluded that straight Jatropha oil after transesterification process is suitable for direct usage as fossil fuel substitute. Parameters of biodiesel produced were within the limits of those set out in the ASTM standards for biodiesel. Using Jatropha as a source of biodiesel in Kenya would save on foreign exchange used to import fossil fuels, create jobs for youth and contribute to reduction of the effects of greenhouse gases emissions.
{"title":"Evaluation of Quality Characteristics of Biodiesel Produced From Jatropha Curcas in Kenya","authors":"J. Onchieku, Eucharia U. Kenya, T. Cheptoo, F. Khamis, Richard O. Oduor","doi":"10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-011","url":null,"abstract":"The quality characteristics of biodiesel produced from Jatropha curcas in Kenya were evaluated. Seeds for oil extraction were obtained from Meru and Tharaka Nithi, Kibwezi, Oyugis and Funyula research plots while biodiesel was obtained through trans-esterification process. Physical and chemical properties of seed oil and biodiesel were analysed according to the American Standards Testing Materials (ASTM D4052) protocols. It was found that the density of oil was between 1.0802 1.0864 g/cm3 at 20°C whereas that of biodiesel ranged between 0.8786 – 0.8808 g/cm3. Acid value of seed oil was between 1.35 4.19 mgKOH/g while that of biodiesel was between 0.31 0.86 mgKOH/g. Kinematic viscosity of biodiesel was between 4.3 to 4.8 mm2/s at 40°C. From the results, it was concluded that straight Jatropha oil after transesterification process is suitable for direct usage as fossil fuel substitute. Parameters of biodiesel produced were within the limits of those set out in the ASTM standards for biodiesel. Using Jatropha as a source of biodiesel in Kenya would save on foreign exchange used to import fossil fuels, create jobs for youth and contribute to reduction of the effects of greenhouse gases emissions.","PeriodicalId":231256,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Science & Technoledge","volume":"318 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133340799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-31DOI: 10.20944/preprints202006.0298.v1
H. Hollestelle
Considered is “time as an interval” including time from the past and from the future, in contrast to time as a moment. Equilibrium as the basis for a description of changing properties in physics is understood to depend on the “mean velocity theorem”, while a “time” of equilibrium resembles a center of weight. This turns out to be a good method to derive properties for any function of time t including space coordinates q(t) and expressions for the time dependent Hamiltonian. Introduced are derivatives depending on time intervals instead of time moments and with these a new relation between the Lagrangian L and the Hamiltonian H. As an application introduced is a step by step method to integrate stationary state “local” time interval measurements to beyond “locality” in General Relativity. Because of limits on the measures of the resulting time intervals and their asymmetry, this allows for a probabilistic interpretation of quantities that have these intervals as time domain in QM. Their asymmetry also questions the time reversal symmetry of GR. Another application of time intervals is the discussion of the measurement of starlight radiation energy and QM wave packet collapse as an example of a time dependent Hamiltonian. Finally a relation between starlight frequency, metric and space- and time intervals is found. Discussed is how finite and asymmetric time intervals correspond to time dependent H and symmetric infinite time intervals to a time independent H. From there, in cosmological perspective, finite time intervals can help to describe how entropy change could relate to dark energy.
{"title":"Time, Equilibrium, and General Relativity","authors":"H. Hollestelle","doi":"10.20944/preprints202006.0298.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202006.0298.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Considered is “time as an interval” including time from the past and from the future, in contrast to time as a moment. Equilibrium as the basis for a description of changing properties in physics is understood to depend on the “mean velocity theorem”, while a “time” of equilibrium resembles a center of weight. This turns out to be a good method to derive properties for any function of time t including space coordinates q(t) and expressions for the time dependent Hamiltonian. Introduced are derivatives depending on time intervals instead of time moments and with these a new relation between the Lagrangian L and the Hamiltonian H. As an application introduced is a step by step method to integrate stationary state “local” time interval measurements to beyond “locality” in General Relativity. Because of limits on the measures of the resulting time intervals and their asymmetry, this allows for a probabilistic interpretation of quantities that have these intervals as time domain in QM. Their asymmetry also questions the time reversal symmetry of GR. Another application of time intervals is the discussion of the measurement of starlight radiation energy and QM wave packet collapse as an example of a time dependent Hamiltonian. Finally a relation between starlight frequency, metric and space- and time intervals is found. Discussed is how finite and asymmetric time intervals correspond to time dependent H and symmetric infinite time intervals to a time independent H. From there, in cosmological perspective, finite time intervals can help to describe how entropy change could relate to dark energy.","PeriodicalId":231256,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Science & Technoledge","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132070345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-30DOI: 10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-002
Onwuka Gerald, Obinni Nweze, Mapis Ufulul S.
: Studies on the prevalence and risk of tuberculosis (TB) among diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa are alarming especially Nigeria ranking second in Africa and seventh in the world. In other to ascertain the relationship between new smear positive cure and new smear died, new smear complete, failed and defaulted, and variation also to establish if it’s a good fit. In other to get our coefficient of determination at 5% level of significance, on the regression line is 0.963 explaining a 96.3% variation in the patients who died and 0.741 explaining 74.1% variation in patients that where cured. This shows that the models have an unexplained error as 3.7% and 25.9% respectively. There’s no first order linear auto-correlation in the multiple linear regression data for Durbin Watson for patient that died. In regressions, this implies an under estimated level of statistical significance for patients cured. determination, variance inflation factor (VIF) which mirrors the interpretation of multiple determination, indicates that multicollinearity in new smear positive complete, and failed is not enough to worry about but for new smear positive defaulted, its value is greater than 4 for both patients cured and patients that died. F-test explains a significant variance of patients that where cured and those that died within the study period. The coefficient of determination ((cid:1844) (cid:2870) ) indicates a 96.3% and 74.1% variation in both patients that where cured and those that died within the study period. Durbin Watson shows a zero-autocorrelation in the residuals for patients cured and a non-zero autocorrelation for patients that died
{"title":"Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Nigeria","authors":"Onwuka Gerald, Obinni Nweze, Mapis Ufulul S.","doi":"10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-002","url":null,"abstract":": Studies on the prevalence and risk of tuberculosis (TB) among diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in sub-Saharan Africa are alarming especially Nigeria ranking second in Africa and seventh in the world. In other to ascertain the relationship between new smear positive cure and new smear died, new smear complete, failed and defaulted, and variation also to establish if it’s a good fit. In other to get our coefficient of determination at 5% level of significance, on the regression line is 0.963 explaining a 96.3% variation in the patients who died and 0.741 explaining 74.1% variation in patients that where cured. This shows that the models have an unexplained error as 3.7% and 25.9% respectively. There’s no first order linear auto-correlation in the multiple linear regression data for Durbin Watson for patient that died. In regressions, this implies an under estimated level of statistical significance for patients cured. determination, variance inflation factor (VIF) which mirrors the interpretation of multiple determination, indicates that multicollinearity in new smear positive complete, and failed is not enough to worry about but for new smear positive defaulted, its value is greater than 4 for both patients cured and patients that died. F-test explains a significant variance of patients that where cured and those that died within the study period. The coefficient of determination ((cid:1844) (cid:2870) ) indicates a 96.3% and 74.1% variation in both patients that where cured and those that died within the study period. Durbin Watson shows a zero-autocorrelation in the residuals for patients cured and a non-zero autocorrelation for patients that died","PeriodicalId":231256,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Science & Technoledge","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-30DOI: 10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-014
Obibuba Ijeoma Martha
: This study investigated the impact of Head Teachers leadership roles in pupils’ academic performance in Onitsha Educational Zone. Specifically, the study examines the relationship between Head Teachers’ qualities and teachers giving and marking pupils’ assignment. It also investigated the association between Head Teacher’s leadership styles and subject missed register and the correlation between Head Teachers’ leadership styles and teachers’ dedication to teaching pupils. The study used a qualitative research methodology such as Focus Group Discussions, Key-Informant Interview and Questionnaire to elicit information from the respondents, the study population of the study comprises primary school teachers in the Onitsha Education Zone. Asample size of 100participants was selected for the study, that is, five public primary schools were randomly selected out of which twenty (20) teachers were selected from each school, making a total of 100 respondents. In addition, the study used a random sampling technique to randomly select the respondents across the study areas. The study also used Chi-Square estimation techniques to analyze the data collected from the field. The results of the empirical analysis indicate that there is no significant relationship between head teachers’ relationship qualities and teachers giving and marking pupils’ assignment. Italso found that there is no significant association between Head Teacher and subjectmissed register. In addition, the results from the empirical analysis showsthat there is also no significant correlation between Head Teachers leadership styles and teachers’ dedication to teaching pupils. Based on the findings recommendations and suggestions were made.The study recommended that head teachers should be sensitized regularly on instructional supervision. This will enhance their instructional supervision which has a positive impact on pupils’ academic achievements as reviewed by this research. The study also recommended that the government should review the Universal Basic Education policy, especially on the provision of teaching/learning materials. The government should also consider increasing the funding of primary education and specifically increase the allocation for purchasing of new text books and other instructional materials.
{"title":"The Impact of the Head Teachers Leadership Roles on Pupils Academic Performance","authors":"Obibuba Ijeoma Martha","doi":"10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i5/st2005-014","url":null,"abstract":": This study investigated the impact of Head Teachers leadership roles in pupils’ academic performance in Onitsha Educational Zone. Specifically, the study examines the relationship between Head Teachers’ qualities and teachers giving and marking pupils’ assignment. It also investigated the association between Head Teacher’s leadership styles and subject missed register and the correlation between Head Teachers’ leadership styles and teachers’ dedication to teaching pupils. The study used a qualitative research methodology such as Focus Group Discussions, Key-Informant Interview and Questionnaire to elicit information from the respondents, the study population of the study comprises primary school teachers in the Onitsha Education Zone. Asample size of 100participants was selected for the study, that is, five public primary schools were randomly selected out of which twenty (20) teachers were selected from each school, making a total of 100 respondents. In addition, the study used a random sampling technique to randomly select the respondents across the study areas. The study also used Chi-Square estimation techniques to analyze the data collected from the field. The results of the empirical analysis indicate that there is no significant relationship between head teachers’ relationship qualities and teachers giving and marking pupils’ assignment. Italso found that there is no significant association between Head Teacher and subjectmissed register. In addition, the results from the empirical analysis showsthat there is also no significant correlation between Head Teachers leadership styles and teachers’ dedication to teaching pupils. Based on the findings recommendations and suggestions were made.The study recommended that head teachers should be sensitized regularly on instructional supervision. This will enhance their instructional supervision which has a positive impact on pupils’ academic achievements as reviewed by this research. The study also recommended that the government should review the Universal Basic Education policy, especially on the provision of teaching/learning materials. The government should also consider increasing the funding of primary education and specifically increase the allocation for purchasing of new text books and other instructional materials.","PeriodicalId":231256,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Science & Technoledge","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i4/st2004-020
H. A. Quaye, K. Agyeman, Beatrice Otabil
A study in Ghana suggested that some tourist centers do not have souvenirs that reflects the sites they are sold. Due to this, patronages of various souvenirs at respective sites are not encouraging. Due to the lack of relevant souvenirs, the transfer of knowledge of various tourist site by tourists becomes a challenge. In this regard, this case study was conducted into how elements in a Mausoleum can be identified for relevant souvenir production. In this respect, the paper seeks to display how elements can be identified in a Tourist Site and manipulated to make memorable but relevant souvenirs. The study employed the qualitative research methods under which the Case Study and Descriptive research designs were integrated. These were to make in-depth analyses on selected elements that were identified in the Kwame Nkrumah Mausoleum (KNM). Other research designs such as content analysis and survey were also employed to assess pertinent information on the elements in the KNM. The populations for the research were Tourists, Elements in the KNM, Souvenir Producers, Historians, staff and Tour Guides in the KNM. In effect, ten (10) elements were identified from which souvenirs could be generated. These elements were subjected to the opinion of stake holder, especially the tourist. The key findings were that, elements that had interesting history and were more attractive to tourists were highly chosen so as to aid its effective sale when use in production. The identified elements also serve as a guide for souvenir producers who look up to such when making souvenirs for a site. This approach is recommended for the production of Souvenirs that has bearing with specific tourist sites to rejuvenate the industry.
{"title":"Identification and Analyses of Elements for Souvenir Making for Mausoleums: Kwame Nkrumah Mausoleum (KNM) as a Case Study","authors":"H. A. Quaye, K. Agyeman, Beatrice Otabil","doi":"10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i4/st2004-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i4/st2004-020","url":null,"abstract":"A study in Ghana suggested that some tourist centers do not have souvenirs that reflects the sites they are sold. Due to this, patronages of various souvenirs at respective sites are not encouraging. Due to the lack of relevant souvenirs, the transfer of knowledge of various tourist site by tourists becomes a challenge. In this regard, this case study was conducted into how elements in a Mausoleum can be identified for relevant souvenir production. In this respect, the paper seeks to display how elements can be identified in a Tourist Site and manipulated to make memorable but relevant souvenirs. The study employed the qualitative research methods under which the Case Study and Descriptive research designs were integrated. These were to make in-depth analyses on selected elements that were identified in the Kwame Nkrumah Mausoleum (KNM). Other research designs such as content analysis and survey were also employed to assess pertinent information on the elements in the KNM. The populations for the research were Tourists, Elements in the KNM, Souvenir Producers, Historians, staff and Tour Guides in the KNM. In effect, ten (10) elements were identified from which souvenirs could be generated. These elements were subjected to the opinion of stake holder, especially the tourist. The key findings were that, elements that had interesting history and were more attractive to tourists were highly chosen so as to aid its effective sale when use in production. The identified elements also serve as a guide for souvenir producers who look up to such when making souvenirs for a site. This approach is recommended for the production of Souvenirs that has bearing with specific tourist sites to rejuvenate the industry.","PeriodicalId":231256,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Science & Technoledge","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130951584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i4/st2004-023
Masyudin Nur, Kamid, Yantoro
there before and has been brought into being. The word ‘creativity’ covers a wide range of different skills. Creative skills needed to change concepts and perceptions (Awang & Ramly, 2008). Creative thingking ability in mathematics is an important component that should be posseassed by students dealing with their sensitiveness to mathematical problems, therefore they will be able to consider new information and ideas that enable them to make relations with open mind in solving mathematical problems and daily problems encountered (Puspitasari et al., 2018). This is reinforced by the opinion of Ginsburg that the essence of mathematics is not only determining the correct answer but thingking creatively (Singer & Voica, 2015). Based on this, the ability to think creatively is needed by students, especially to solve problems in real life. Abstract: The 2013 curriculum requires teachers to be more creative. One form of teacher creativity is developing teaching materials, including the student worksheet. Some teacher finds it difficult to do so for several reasons, so use student worksheets directly from the publisher. Based on the researcher’s interview with one of the mathematics teacher, information was obtained that not all students were interested in the existing student worksheets, because it was incomplete from the explanation of the material, as well as the results of interview with some students who said that they often had difficulties when learning to use worksheets existing students, because the explanation is incomplete and the use of the background does not all suit the situation around them, this results in learning being less effective. There are many ways that students can be active in learning so that learning is more effective, including by connecting mathematics with daily life, such as student worksheets with learning resources from batik jambi. The purpose of this study is to explain the effectiveness of the use student worksheets based on discovery learning and learning resources from batik jambi to improve students’ mathematical creative thinking skills. The method used is descriptive quantitative research, with the subject of grade 9 th at muaro jambi 7 public middle school (SMPN 7, Muaro Jambi). The results of this study indicate the use of discovery learning-based student worksheets and learning resources from batik jambi effectively improve students’ creative thinking skills and get positive responses from students and teachers.
{"title":"The Effectivenes of Student Worksheet Based on Discovery Learning and Learning Sources From Batik Jambi","authors":"Masyudin Nur, Kamid, Yantoro","doi":"10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i4/st2004-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i4/st2004-023","url":null,"abstract":"there before and has been brought into being. The word ‘creativity’ covers a wide range of different skills. Creative skills needed to change concepts and perceptions (Awang & Ramly, 2008). Creative thingking ability in mathematics is an important component that should be posseassed by students dealing with their sensitiveness to mathematical problems, therefore they will be able to consider new information and ideas that enable them to make relations with open mind in solving mathematical problems and daily problems encountered (Puspitasari et al., 2018). This is reinforced by the opinion of Ginsburg that the essence of mathematics is not only determining the correct answer but thingking creatively (Singer & Voica, 2015). Based on this, the ability to think creatively is needed by students, especially to solve problems in real life. Abstract: The 2013 curriculum requires teachers to be more creative. One form of teacher creativity is developing teaching materials, including the student worksheet. Some teacher finds it difficult to do so for several reasons, so use student worksheets directly from the publisher. Based on the researcher’s interview with one of the mathematics teacher, information was obtained that not all students were interested in the existing student worksheets, because it was incomplete from the explanation of the material, as well as the results of interview with some students who said that they often had difficulties when learning to use worksheets existing students, because the explanation is incomplete and the use of the background does not all suit the situation around them, this results in learning being less effective. There are many ways that students can be active in learning so that learning is more effective, including by connecting mathematics with daily life, such as student worksheets with learning resources from batik jambi. The purpose of this study is to explain the effectiveness of the use student worksheets based on discovery learning and learning resources from batik jambi to improve students’ mathematical creative thinking skills. The method used is descriptive quantitative research, with the subject of grade 9 th at muaro jambi 7 public middle school (SMPN 7, Muaro Jambi). The results of this study indicate the use of discovery learning-based student worksheets and learning resources from batik jambi effectively improve students’ creative thinking skills and get positive responses from students and teachers.","PeriodicalId":231256,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Science & Technoledge","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141209001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-30DOI: 10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i4/st2004-018
D. Ozoko, Ifeoma Linda Onyekwelu
: This study evaluates the impact of inorganic contaminants from dumpsite leachates on the quality of the natural water sources in the Enugu metropolis. The concentration of cations including sodium (Na + ), calcium (Ca 2+ ), and potassium (K + ) and anions such as manganese (Mg 2+ ), bicarbonates (HCO 3– ), sulphates (SO4 2– ) and chlorides (Cl – ) were analyzed in 9 surface and groundwater samples collected from the study area. Laboratory analyses of the samples reveal a concentration range of 8.05 – 20.15 mg/l for sodium, 0.15 - 8.11 mg/l for calcium, 0.11 – 1.03 mg/l for potassium, 0.02 – 3.04 mg/l for magnesium, 16.88 – 65.66 mg/l for bicarbonates, 14.28 – 60.99 mg/l for sulphate and 10 – 22.69 mg/l for chlorides in the natural waters of the study area. A general trend among the mean values of the cations in the water show that Na + >Ca 2+ >K + >Mg 2+ while the anion levels in the water samples are in the order HCO 3– > SO4 2– >Cl – . Three water types were identified, based on characterization in the Piper trilinear diagram. They include Na-Mg-HCO3, Ca-Mg-SO 4 and Ca-Mg-Na-K-Cl-SO 42- which are reflective of the contribution of various wastes in the area such as corrosive metals and sewage. In general, both water sources are alkaline to strongly acidic with all the tested inorganic parameters having concentrations that fall within the WHO acceptable limits. However, very high chloride values were recorded in the leachates indicating the possibility of organic contamination of the natural waters in the area.
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Pub Date : 2020-03-31DOI: 10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i3/st2003-018
J. Anaele, I. Otaraku
This study was carried out using API recommended practice 13B-2 in a cement laboratory, and the essence was to establish the effect of an increase in temperature on the thickening time of cement slurry the test was carried out at different temperatures of 80 o F, 100 o F, 120 o F, 140 o F and 160 o F and retarder concentrations of 0.03gal/sk, 0.07 gal/sk, and 0.10 gal/sk. The test results obtained at various concentrations and corresponding temperatures showed that there is a decrease in thickening time at 100BC as the temperature increases, at concentrations of 0.03 gal/sk, 0.07gal/sk, and 0.1gal/sk and temperature of 80 o F the thickening time were 428minutes, 561minutes, and 723minutes, while at a temperature of 160 o F the thickening time were 173minutes, 233minutes, and 297minutes.This, therefore, shows that temperature is a major factor in the slurry design and it has a significant effect on the thickening time of cement slurry.
这项研究是在一个水泥实验室中采用 API 推荐的做法 13B-2 进行的，其主要目的是确定温度升高对水泥浆稠化时间的影响，测试在不同的温度下进行，温度分别为 80 o F、100 o F、120 o F、140 o F 和 160 o F，缓凝剂浓度分别为 0.03 gal/sk、0.07 gal/sk 和 0.10 gal/sk。在不同浓度和相应温度下进行的测试结果表明，随着温度的升高，100BC 的增稠时间会缩短，浓度为 0.03 加仑/平方英寸、0.07 加仑/平方英寸和 0.因此，这表明温度是水泥浆设计中的一个主要因素，对水泥浆的稠化时间有显著影响。
{"title":"Effect of Temperature on the Thickening Time Property of Cement Slurry","authors":"J. Anaele, I. Otaraku","doi":"10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i3/st2003-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijst/2020/v8/i3/st2003-018","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out using API recommended practice 13B-2 in a cement laboratory, and the essence was to establish the effect of an increase in temperature on the thickening time of cement slurry the test was carried out at different temperatures of 80 o F, 100 o F, 120 o F, 140 o F and 160 o F and retarder concentrations of 0.03gal/sk, 0.07 gal/sk, and 0.10 gal/sk. The test results obtained at various concentrations and corresponding temperatures showed that there is a decrease in thickening time at 100BC as the temperature increases, at concentrations of 0.03 gal/sk, 0.07gal/sk, and 0.1gal/sk and temperature of 80 o F the thickening time were 428minutes, 561minutes, and 723minutes, while at a temperature of 160 o F the thickening time were 173minutes, 233minutes, and 297minutes.This, therefore, shows that temperature is a major factor in the slurry design and it has a significant effect on the thickening time of cement slurry.","PeriodicalId":231256,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Science & Technoledge","volume":" 61","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141219812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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