Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104554
Dengkai Tu , Jingchao Xie , Henan Chai , Ren Zhang , Yansheng Zhi , Jiaping Liu
Vehicle emission factors (EFs) are important factors affecting tunnel environments. In this study, field tests were conducted in an expressway tunnel in southwest China. The percentage of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) was approximately 38 %. The NOx concentrations exceeded the safety thresholds. The average CO, NOx, and PM2.5 EFs of the mixed fleet were 1.25, 2.68, and 0.079 g/km veh−1, respectively. The NOx and PM2.5 EFs of the HDV were 31.3 and 14.7 times higher than those of the light-duty vehicle (LDV), respectively. HDVs contributed 61.5 % to CO, 94.8 % to NOx, and 89.3 % to PM2.5 emissions in this investigation. When compared to previous studies, a significant reduction in CO and PM was observed, but NOx remained at a high level. Stricter policies are needed to control the emissions of HDVs, and the ventilation of tunnels must consider the NOx concentration.
{"title":"Heavy-duty vehicles dominate expressway tunnel environment analysis and emission factor determination","authors":"Dengkai Tu , Jingchao Xie , Henan Chai , Ren Zhang , Yansheng Zhi , Jiaping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vehicle emission factors (EFs) are important factors affecting tunnel environments. In this study, field tests were conducted in an expressway tunnel in southwest China. The percentage of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) was approximately 38 %. The NO<sub>x</sub> concentrations exceeded the safety thresholds. The average CO, NO<sub>x</sub>, and PM<sub>2.5</sub> EFs of the mixed fleet were 1.25, 2.68, and 0.079 g/km veh<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The NO<sub>x</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> EFs of the HDV were 31.3 and 14.7 times higher than those of the light-duty vehicle (LDV), respectively. HDVs contributed 61.5 % to CO, 94.8 % to NO<sub>x</sub>, and 89.3 % to PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions in this investigation. When compared to previous studies, a significant reduction in CO and PM was observed, but NO<sub>x</sub> remained at a high level. Stricter policies are needed to control the emissions of HDVs, and the ventilation of tunnels must consider the NO<sub>x</sub> concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104554"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104545
Giovana Facchini , Ana Margarita Larranaga , Fernanda Abreu Cândido dos Santos , Mariana Lovato dos Santos , Christine Tessele Nodari , Daniel Sergio Presta García
This study analyzes the use of virtual reality in walkability assessment. We conducted a stated preference survey to quantify urban characteristics promoting walkability. The urban characteristics were represented in virtual scenarios, presented in standard videos, and compared with three-dimensional scenarios using virtual reality immersive equipment. Data analysis involved: (i) measure of agreement between the online and in-person survey choices; (ii) analysis of Simulator Sickness symptoms; (iii) estimation of discrete choice models; and (iv) calculation of marginal effects. The results show agreement between online and in-person surveys regarding participants’ neighborhood choices. Some symptoms of simulator sickness increased after the immersive experience, but no apparent effect on participants’ choices was observed. The model results and the marginal effects computed indicate that Attractiveness and Sidewalk pavement quality were the most valued attributes by respondents in both surveys, followed by Security. Virtual reality facilitated the identification of urban environment aspects by providing a more realistic representation of complex attributes such as Safety, Attractiveness, and the availability of Stores and Services through its immersive nature.
{"title":"Virtual reality in stated preference survey for walkability assessment","authors":"Giovana Facchini , Ana Margarita Larranaga , Fernanda Abreu Cândido dos Santos , Mariana Lovato dos Santos , Christine Tessele Nodari , Daniel Sergio Presta García","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzes the use of virtual reality in walkability assessment. We conducted a stated preference survey to quantify urban characteristics promoting walkability. The urban characteristics were represented in virtual scenarios, presented in standard videos, and compared with three-dimensional scenarios using virtual reality immersive equipment. Data analysis involved: (i) measure of agreement between the online and in-person survey choices; (ii) analysis of Simulator Sickness symptoms; (iii) estimation of discrete choice models; and (iv) calculation of marginal effects. The results show agreement between online and in-person surveys regarding participants’ neighborhood choices. Some symptoms of simulator sickness increased after the immersive experience, but no apparent effect on participants’ choices was observed. The model results and the marginal effects computed indicate that <em>Attractiveness</em> and <em>Sidewalk pavement quality</em> were the most valued attributes by respondents in both surveys, followed by <em>Security</em>. Virtual reality facilitated the identification of urban environment aspects by providing a more realistic representation of complex attributes such as <em>Safety</em>, <em>Attractiveness</em>, and the availability of <em>Stores and Services</em> through its immersive nature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104545"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104560
Yuran Li , Jinhua Xu , Chenghao Liu , Caihua Zhu , Yan Li
Air pollution has negative effects on residents’ health. The publication of pollution information can affect residents’ commuting behavior. Causal relationships between variables can lead to chained effects on commuting mode choice under different pollution information. A questionnaire is designed to obtain residents’ commuting mode choice intention in polluted weather when they are informed of different pollution information. An improved Bayesian network model is established to evaluate the chain effect of commuting mode choice behaviors. The results of analyzing Xi’an residents’ travel data show that: as pollution information degrees increase, commuters tend to choose modes with lower PM2.5 inhalation and simplify their commuting process. Variables in each pollution scene can generally form 1–3 influence pathways. These pathways can be categorized by personal, travel, and pollution perception attributes. A more constructive inducement strategy can be developed using the results of this study to promote healthy travel habits among residents.
{"title":"Chain-effect of commuting pattern choice under different PM2.5 inhalation information publication degrees","authors":"Yuran Li , Jinhua Xu , Chenghao Liu , Caihua Zhu , Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air pollution has negative effects on residents’ health. The publication of pollution information can affect residents’ commuting behavior. Causal relationships between variables can lead to chained effects on commuting mode choice under different pollution information. A questionnaire is designed to obtain residents’ commuting mode choice intention in polluted weather when they are informed of different pollution information. An improved Bayesian network model is established to evaluate the chain effect of commuting mode choice behaviors. The results of analyzing Xi’an residents’ travel data show that: as pollution information degrees increase, commuters tend to choose modes with lower PM<sub>2.5</sub> inhalation and simplify their commuting process. Variables in each pollution scene can generally form 1–3 influence pathways. These pathways can be categorized by personal, travel, and pollution perception attributes. A more constructive inducement strategy can be developed using the results of this study to promote healthy travel habits among residents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104560"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104544
Ziad Yassine , Elliot W. Martin , Susan A. Shaheen
This research explores the user dynamics of electric vehicle (EV) carsharing within underserved communities, focusing on BlueLA, a one-way station-based EV carsharing service in Los Angeles, California. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to evaluate how activity patterns differ between BlueLA member types and how membership type influences user retention rates. We conduct an exploratory data, clustering, and survival analyses, using BlueLA trip activity data, supplemented by insights from a user survey and a general population survey. Our results reveal distinct travel behaviors and retention rates between Standard (general population) and Community (low-income qualified) members. Community members, in particular, value BlueLA for enabling longer-distance travel and more flexible mobility; nevertheless, operational challenges like vehicle and charging station availability are significant barriers to continued use for all members. This study highlights the importance of tailored services and policy adaptation to meet diverse user needs and support sustainable and equitable transportation.
{"title":"Is electric vehicle carsharing for everyone? from activity patterns to user retention","authors":"Ziad Yassine , Elliot W. Martin , Susan A. Shaheen","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research explores the user dynamics of electric vehicle (EV) carsharing within underserved communities, focusing on BlueLA, a one-way station-based EV carsharing service in Los Angeles, California. This study employs a mixed-methods approach to evaluate how activity patterns differ between BlueLA member types and how membership type influences user retention rates. We conduct an exploratory data, clustering, and survival analyses, using BlueLA trip activity data, supplemented by insights from a user survey and a general population survey. Our results reveal distinct travel behaviors and retention rates between Standard (general population) and Community (low-income qualified) members. Community members, in particular, value BlueLA for enabling longer-distance travel and more flexible mobility; nevertheless, operational challenges like vehicle and charging station availability are significant barriers to continued use for all members. This study highlights the importance of tailored services and policy adaptation to meet diverse user needs and support sustainable and equitable transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104544"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104564
Jingxu Chen , Xize Liu , Xuewu Chen , Yiran Wang
Electric bikeshare (e-bikeshare) has rapidly expanded in medium-sized Chinese cities, but whether it is hurting or boosting transit ridership remains unclear. This study utilizes the instrumental variable method to analyze the influence of e-bikeshare on transit ridership based upon a six-month longitudinal dataset from Yancheng, China. The results demonstrate a significant negative impact, where an increase of 1% in e-bikeshare trips is associated with a decrease of 0.618 % in transit ridership. The heterogeneity analyses reveal that e-bikeshare has a weaker effect on transit ridership at BRT stops, and the adverse impact is less pronounced in unfavorable-weather situations. E-bikeshare should avoid competing directly with areas served by multiple BRT routes while increasing the availability of shared e-bikes in areas with limited transit options. Additionally, it is worth implementing differentiated scheduling strategies based on different weather situations. These insights could assist local authorities in realizing the complementary advantages of both travel modes.
{"title":"Influence of e-bikeshare on transit ridership in a medium-sized Chinese city","authors":"Jingxu Chen , Xize Liu , Xuewu Chen , Yiran Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electric bikeshare (e-bikeshare) has rapidly expanded in medium-sized Chinese cities, but whether it is hurting or boosting transit ridership remains unclear. This study utilizes the instrumental variable method to analyze the influence of e-bikeshare on transit ridership based upon a six-month longitudinal dataset from Yancheng, China. The results demonstrate a significant negative impact, where an increase of 1% in e-bikeshare trips is associated with a decrease of 0.618 % in transit ridership. The heterogeneity analyses reveal that e-bikeshare has a weaker effect on transit ridership at BRT stops, and the adverse impact is less pronounced in unfavorable-weather situations. E-bikeshare should avoid competing directly with areas served by multiple BRT routes while increasing the availability of shared e-bikes in areas with limited transit options. Additionally, it is worth implementing differentiated scheduling strategies based on different weather situations. These insights could assist local authorities in realizing the complementary advantages of both travel modes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104564"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104567
Manreet Sohi , Patrick Loa , Basar Ozbilen , Xiatian Iogansen , Yongsung Lee , Giovanni Circella
The pandemic increased the prevalence of online shopping, prompting greater interest in its post-pandemic impacts. While current research often examines how online shopping replaces shopping trips, it rarely directly addresses its impact on vehicle miles traveled (VMT). This study explores how online shopping frequency affects VMT for shopping trips using data from fall 2023. By employing a Light Gradient Boosting model we predict shopping VMT and identify key factors influencing it using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values. Our analysis distinguishes between the impacts of online shopping for food and non-food items. The findings elucidate the impacts of online shopping and other key determinants on post-pandemic shopping VMT. These insights will inform planning and policy efforts to manage the environmental impacts of online shopping, balancing reduced passenger VMT with potential delivery VMT increases. This research lays the foundation for future studies on transportation sustainability, aiding policymakers in creating sustainable systems.
{"title":"Examining Complex Impacts of E-shopping and Built Environment Factors on Shopping VMT","authors":"Manreet Sohi , Patrick Loa , Basar Ozbilen , Xiatian Iogansen , Yongsung Lee , Giovanni Circella","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pandemic increased the prevalence of online shopping, prompting greater interest in its post-pandemic impacts. While current research often examines how online shopping replaces shopping trips, it rarely directly addresses its impact on vehicle miles traveled (VMT). This study explores how online shopping frequency affects VMT for shopping trips using data from fall 2023. By employing a Light Gradient Boosting model we predict shopping VMT and identify key factors influencing it using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values. Our analysis distinguishes between the impacts of online shopping for food and non-food items. The findings elucidate the impacts of online shopping and other key determinants on post-pandemic shopping VMT. These insights will inform planning and policy efforts to manage the environmental impacts of online shopping, balancing reduced passenger VMT with potential delivery VMT increases. This research lays the foundation for future studies on transportation sustainability, aiding policymakers in creating sustainable systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104567"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104588
Ida Kristoffersson , Roger Pyddoke , Filip Kristofersson , Staffan Algers
Policy for supplying charging infrastructure is an important issue for acceleration of car electrification. In Sweden, most early buyers of chargeable vehicles have been residents in detached houses. Residents in apartment buildings have been assessed to be more dependent on public charging. This paper therefore examines how access to public charging affects the probability of buyers to choose a chargeable car. The main result suggests that both private and public charging close to home and work increase the propensity for buyers of private cars to choose a chargeable car, but private charging had a relatively larger impact than existing densities of public charging stations in 2019. The results therefore raises some doubt on the intense focus on providing public charging infrastructure to speed up car traffic electrification, and perhaps more focus could be put on regulating the provision of private charging possibilities for residents in apartment buildings.
{"title":"Access to charging infrastructure and the propensity to buy an electric car","authors":"Ida Kristoffersson , Roger Pyddoke , Filip Kristofersson , Staffan Algers","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Policy for supplying charging infrastructure is an important issue for acceleration of car electrification. In Sweden, most early buyers of chargeable vehicles have been residents in detached houses. Residents in apartment buildings have been assessed to be more dependent on public charging. This paper therefore examines how access to public charging affects the probability of buyers to choose a chargeable car. The main result suggests that both private and public charging close to home and work increase the propensity for buyers of private cars to choose a chargeable car, but private charging had a relatively larger impact than existing densities of public charging stations in 2019. The results therefore raises some doubt on the intense focus on providing public charging infrastructure to speed up car traffic electrification, and perhaps more focus could be put on regulating the provision of private charging possibilities for residents in apartment buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104588"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104592
Nadiia Kopiika , Roberta Di Bari , Sotirios Argyroudis , Jelena Ninic , Stergios-Aristoteles Mitoulis
Considering the extensive destruction of infrastructural systems worldwide during conflicts, human interventions, climate exacerbations and other disasters, there is urgent need for efficient strategies to facilitate well-informed decisions for infrastructure restoration based on integrated resilience and sustainability. Despite extensive destruction and impact of human interventions, reconstruction prioritisation frameworks for such regions remains underexplored, which has predominantly focused on climate-related hazards. We argue that this gap in the literature creates immense challenges for war-torn countries seeking to align their efforts with external donors and global development goals. This paper introduces a novel framework for planning the recovery of bridge portfolios in conflict-affected regions, using a scoring system that incorporates integrated resilience and sustainability metrics. The framework is applied to a case study of ageing bridges in Ukraine, demonstrating its effectiveness in guiding strategic investment allocation for infrastructure recovery that balances proactive and reactive measures in conflict zones.
{"title":"Sustainability and resilience-driven prioritisation for restoring critical infrastructure after major disasters and conflict","authors":"Nadiia Kopiika , Roberta Di Bari , Sotirios Argyroudis , Jelena Ninic , Stergios-Aristoteles Mitoulis","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2025.104592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering the extensive destruction of infrastructural systems worldwide during conflicts, human interventions, climate exacerbations and other disasters, there is urgent need for efficient strategies to facilitate well-informed decisions for infrastructure restoration based on integrated resilience and sustainability. Despite extensive destruction and impact of human interventions, reconstruction prioritisation frameworks for such regions remains underexplored, which has predominantly focused on climate-related hazards. We argue that this gap in the literature creates immense challenges for war-torn countries seeking to align their efforts with external donors and global development goals. This paper introduces a novel framework for planning the recovery of bridge portfolios in conflict-affected regions, using a scoring system that incorporates integrated resilience and sustainability metrics. The framework is applied to a case study of ageing bridges in Ukraine, demonstrating its effectiveness in guiding strategic investment allocation for infrastructure recovery that balances proactive and reactive measures in conflict zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104592"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The container liner shipping industry supports global trade, offering economies of scale and reducing transportation costs, thereby facilitating economic growth. However, implementing decarbonization measures imposed by IMO and EU to reduce CO2 emissions is a significant challenge. This study investigates whether more fuel-efficient vessels command a premium in their time-charter contracts. Fixture contracts for container vessels from January 2020 to October 2023 are scrutinized to identify factors influencing charter rates, including market conditions, vessel capacity, fuel prices, and energy-efficient technologies. Findings reveal that a 1% decrease in the attained Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDIatt) increases time-charter rates by 0.10% to 0.12%. This effect is more pronounced for eco-engine vessels, with a 1% improvement in energy efficiency resulting in a 0.18% to 0.22% increase in rates. Additionally, vessels equipped with eco-engines secure higher charter rates and longer contracts, demonstrating the economic benefits of adopting energy-efficient technologies.
{"title":"Evaluating the impact of energy efficiency on time charter rates of containerships","authors":"Dimitris Georgoudakis , Christa Sys , Edwin van Hassel , Theodore Syriopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The container liner shipping industry supports global trade, offering economies of scale and reducing transportation costs, thereby facilitating economic growth. However, implementing decarbonization measures imposed by IMO and EU to reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is a significant challenge. This study investigates whether more fuel-efficient vessels command a premium in their time-charter contracts. Fixture contracts for container vessels from January 2020 to October 2023 are scrutinized to identify factors influencing charter rates, including market conditions, vessel capacity, fuel prices, and energy-efficient technologies. Findings reveal that a 1% decrease in the attained Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDIatt) increases time-charter rates by 0.10% to 0.12%. This effect is more pronounced for eco-engine vessels, with a 1% improvement in energy efficiency resulting in a 0.18% to 0.22% increase in rates. Additionally, vessels equipped with eco-engines secure higher charter rates and longer contracts, demonstrating the economic benefits of adopting energy-efficient technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104590"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2024.104566
Paulo Sergio Pinheiro Lima , Joaquim Eugênio Abel Seabra , Marcelo Pereira Cunha
This study evaluated pathways for Brazil’s light vehicle fleet to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, considering local benefits and existing technologies. Four scenarios explore government policies promoting biofuels and/or electrification. Results indicate a 74% increase in emissions under Business as Usual (BAU), requiring vast land for offsetting, versus a 62% reduction with Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Biofuels. Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) projections diverge by 2030, with higher costs for full electrification by 2050. Abatement costs favor the biofuels approach economically, emphasizing ethanol’s role as a carbon sink. Prioritizing plug-in hybrid vehicles with ethanol could leverage existing infrastructure and reduce battery imports, smoothing the transition to full electrification. The study highlights the economic and environmental trade-offs in Brazil’s journey to carbon neutrality, advocating for a balanced approach integrating biofuels and electrification to maximize benefits and ensure sustainability in the automotive sector.
{"title":"Balancing biofuels and electrification: Carbon neutrality pathways of Brazilian light vehicle fleet","authors":"Paulo Sergio Pinheiro Lima , Joaquim Eugênio Abel Seabra , Marcelo Pereira Cunha","doi":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trd.2024.104566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated pathways for Brazil’s light vehicle fleet to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, considering local benefits and existing technologies. Four scenarios explore government policies promoting biofuels and/or electrification. Results indicate a 74% increase in emissions under Business as Usual (BAU), requiring vast land for offsetting, versus a 62% reduction with Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Biofuels. Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) projections diverge by 2030, with higher costs for full electrification by 2050. Abatement costs favor the biofuels approach economically, emphasizing ethanol’s role as a carbon sink. Prioritizing plug-in hybrid vehicles with ethanol could leverage existing infrastructure and reduce battery imports, smoothing the transition to full electrification. The study highlights the economic and environmental trade-offs in Brazil’s journey to carbon neutrality, advocating for a balanced approach integrating biofuels and electrification to maximize benefits and ensure sustainability in the automotive sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23277,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104566"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号