Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment最新文献

英文中文

Commuting carbon emissions in Chinese cities: unpacking local-migrant disparities across city sizes 中国城市通勤碳排放：揭示不同城市规模的本地移民差异

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105167

Wei Qi , Jianfu Zuo , Jiaoe Wang , Ping Gao

Commuting carbon emissions pose a growing environmental challenge, especially in rapidly urbanizing cities. Understanding how internal migrants contribute to these emissions is crucial for effective urban sustainability management. In both research and policy discourse, migrants are often assumed to have a linear impact on commuting pressure as urban populations grow. This study challenges that assumption by examining the heterogeneity of commuting emissions between locals and migrants, using data from 816,986 individuals across 288 Chinese cities. We find that total emissions increase with city size, while per capita emissions follow a U-shaped pattern. Locals in large cities exhibit higher per capita emissions, whereas migrants in smaller cities tend to emit more. These differences are largely driven by variations in education, occupation, and travel behavior. Our findings improve understanding of how demographic and spatial inequalities shape transport-related emissions and highlight the importance of considering population heterogeneity in environmental assessments. The study offers evidence to inform inclusive low-carbon transport policies, supporting migrant’ transition toward sustainable mobility and contributing to broader urban environmental sustainability.

通勤碳排放构成了日益严峻的环境挑战，尤其是在快速城市化的城市。了解国内移民如何造成这些排放对于有效的城市可持续性管理至关重要。在研究和政策论述中，随着城市人口的增长，移民往往被认为对通勤压力有线性影响。这项研究利用来自288个中国城市的816,986名个人的数据，研究了当地人和外来人口通勤排放的异质性，对这一假设提出了挑战。研究发现，城市总排放量随城市规模的增加而增加，而人均排放量呈u型增长趋势。大城市的居民人均排放量更高，而小城市的移民往往排放量更多。这些差异很大程度上是由教育、职业和旅行行为的差异造成的。我们的研究结果提高了对人口和空间不平等如何影响交通相关排放的理解，并强调了在环境评估中考虑人口异质性的重要性。该研究为包容性低碳交通政策提供了证据，支持移民向可持续交通的过渡，并为更广泛的城市环境可持续性做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling potential demand for cycling in a small city and surrounding region 模拟小城市及周边地区对自行车的潜在需求

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105115

William Brazil , Karen Whitaker , Robert Egan , Abhilash C. Singh , Barry Colleary , Brian Caulfield

Increased cycling for non-leisure purposes is often proposed as a solution to the negative externalities of car-dependent transport systems, offering a cheap, fast, and flexible alternative. Public discourse frequently assumes mass cycling uptake will displace car trips over short distances. However, transport systems are complex, and such direct car-to-bicycle substitution cannot be assumed. This study examines the potential for increased cycling in Cork City and its region using a regional strategic transport model across scenarios incorporating improved infrastructure and more favourable cycling perceptions. Analysis uses the National Transport Authority’s Regional Modelling System for the Southwest (Cork), a four-stage model calibrated with Irish census and survey data and containing the country’s most detailed coded cycling network. Mode choice constants are adjusted and benchmarked to walking, and cycling speeds increased to reflect network upgrades. Results suggest significant potential for cycling uptake, but most trips diverted to cycling come from other sustainable modes (walking and public transport). Even optimistic scenarios yield only modest emissions reductions, highlighting the complex dynamics of modal shift and the need for complementary demand management measures to reduce car use effectively.

增加非休闲目的的自行车经常被提议作为一种解决依赖汽车的交通系统的负面外部性的方法，提供了一种廉价、快速和灵活的替代方案。公共话语经常假设大众骑自行车将取代短距离的汽车出行。然而，交通系统是复杂的，不能假设这种直接的汽车到自行车的替代。本研究考察了科克市及其地区增加自行车骑行的潜力，采用了一种跨场景的区域战略交通模型，包括改善基础设施和更有利的骑行观念。分析使用了国家交通管理局的西南区域建模系统（科克），这是一个四阶段模型，根据爱尔兰人口普查和调查数据进行校准，并包含了该国最详细的编码自行车网络。模式选择常数调整和基准步行，骑自行车的速度增加，以反映网络升级。研究结果表明，自行车的使用潜力巨大，但大多数转向骑自行车的旅行都来自其他可持续模式（步行和公共交通）。即使是乐观的情况也只能产生适度的减排，这突出了模式转变的复杂动态以及有效减少汽车使用的补充需求管理措施的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring preference heterogeneity of electric ride-hailing drivers’ charging decisions under time uncertainty 时间不确定性下电动网约车司机充电决策的偏好异质性研究

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105166

Mengru SHAO , Chao CHEN , Tao FENG

The rapid electrification of ride-hailing fleets intensifies demands on public charging infrastructure, making drivers’ charging behavior pivotal for effective system planning. Unlike studies focusing on private electric vehicle (EV) users or taxi drivers, this study examines electric ride-hailing drivers’ charging preferences under waiting time uncertainty using a conjoint stated choice experiment. A latent class mixed logit model is employed to capture behavioral heterogeneity, identifying two driver classes: flexible and proactive drivers and time- and price-constrained drivers. Results show that while both classes value shorter waits and lower prices, the time- and price-constrained drivers are considerably more sensitive to uncertainty and costs, diverging from patterns observed among private EV users. Preferences for ancillary facilities also differ across classes. These findings extend existing knowledge by providing new behavioral evidence on how electric ride-hailing drivers manage trade-offs under operational uncertainty and offering actionable implications for differentiated infrastructure and policy design.

网约车的快速电气化加剧了对公共充电基础设施的需求，使得司机的充电行为对有效的系统规划至关重要。与关注私人电动汽车（EV）用户或出租车司机的研究不同，本研究使用联合陈述选择实验考察了等待时间不确定性下电动网约车司机的充电偏好。使用潜在类别混合logit模型来捕捉行为异质性，确定了两种驱动类别：灵活和主动的驱动类别以及时间和价格受限的驱动类别。结果表明，尽管这两类人都重视更短的等待时间和更低的价格，但受时间和价格限制的司机对不确定性和成本更为敏感，这与私人电动汽车用户的模式不同。对辅助设施的偏好也因班级而异。这些发现扩展了现有的知识，提供了关于电动叫车司机如何在运营不确定性下管理权衡的新行为证据，并为差异化的基础设施和政策设计提供了可行的启示。

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引用次数: 0

Economic and environmental analysis for electric bus system with dynamic wireless charging 电动客车动态无线充电系统的经济与环境分析

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105159

Jinhua Ji , Linhong Wang , Yiming Bie , Shiwu Li

Dynamic wireless charging (DWC) enables real-time energy replenishment for electric buses (EBs) while in motion, substantially reducing onboard battery capacity requirements, vehicle curb mass, and associated procurement and electricity expenditures. However, charging infrastructure entails significant upfront capital investment, and economic viability and decarbonization potential remain insufficiently quantified, which hinders its widespread adoption. To analyze the advantages and challenges of DWC in EB systems, this paper constructs a life cycle assessment framework. First, the system boundary is defined, and the life cycle duration is determined. Then, the operating costs and greenhouse gas emissions are calculated to analyze the economic and environmental impacts of the system. A case study is carried out on an actual route, and results show that DWC reduces emissions compared with plug-in charging. Economically, DWC lowers operating costs under the flat-rate tariff policy, but increases them under the time-of-use pricing policy.

动态无线充电技术（DWC）能够为行驶中的电动公交车（EBs）提供实时能量补充，大大降低了车载电池容量要求、车辆控制质量以及相关的采购和电力支出。然而，充电基础设施需要大量的前期资本投资，经济可行性和脱碳潜力仍然没有充分量化，这阻碍了其广泛采用。为了分析DWC在电子商务系统中的优势和挑战，本文构建了一个生命周期评估框架。首先，定义了系统边界，确定了系统的生命周期。然后，计算运行成本和温室气体排放量，分析系统的经济和环境影响。在实际路线上进行了案例研究，结果表明，与插电式充电相比，DWC可以减少排放。从经济上讲，DWC在统一费率政策下降低了运营成本，但在分时定价政策下却增加了运营成本。

引用次数: 0

Intelligent shipment consolidation in maritime Transport: Efficiency, Competition, and sustainability analysis 海上运输中的智能货物整合：效率、竞争和可持续性分析

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105161

Baozhuang Niu , Yikang Hong , Fengfeng Xie , Hongzhi Wang

Maritime transport is crucial for global trade but contributes significantly to carbon emissions. In practice, shipment consolidation is proven to be an effective way to integrate demand and hence, reduce emissions. Recently, we have observed that Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based consolidation systems have been widely built to automate workflows and optimize cargo planning. However, they actually incur more emissions and energy waste in model training and infrastructure. This study therefore develops a game-theoretic model to analyze how to break such a dilemma. Our analysis reveals an interesting “efficiency improvement dilemma” that although AI-based consolidation system can significantly reduce consolidation waiting time, it lowers the retailer’s incentive to order more, which in turn hurts the shipping company’s profit. We further show that carbon emissions from AI usage may outweigh its environmental benefits. But under moderate competition intensity and manageable AI emissions, AI system can achieve Pareto improvement of profitability and environmental sustainability.

海运对全球贸易至关重要，但对碳排放的贡献也很大。在实践中，货运合并被证明是整合需求从而减少排放的有效方法。最近，我们注意到基于人工智能（AI）的拼箱系统已被广泛用于自动化工作流程和优化货物规划。然而，它们实际上在模型培训和基础设施方面产生了更多的排放和能源浪费。因此，本研究建立了一个博弈论模型来分析如何打破这种困境。我们的分析揭示了一个有趣的“效率提升困境”，即尽管基于人工智能的拼箱系统可以显著减少拼箱等待时间，但它降低了零售商订购更多货物的动机，从而损害了航运公司的利润。我们进一步表明，使用人工智能产生的碳排放可能超过其环境效益。但在适度的竞争强度和可控的人工智能排放下，人工智能系统可以实现盈利能力和环境可持续性的帕累托改进。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of intended electric vehicle charging behaviours during wildfire evacuations 野火疏散期间电动汽车充电行为的评估

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105145

Mohammad Hossein Babaei, Stephen D. Wong

Electric vehicle (EV) adoption is a growing challenge for disaster planning, requiring resilient grids and strategies. With minimal research on EV user behaviour in an evacuation context, this study addresses this gap by developing a series of discrete choice models to understand the factors that impact EV charging behaviour in a hypothetical wildfire evacuation. Through a non-probability panel from the Canadian provinces of Alberta and British Columbia of people living in high/medium fire risk, we collected survey data (n = 1371) on intended actions, assuming a 400 km range EV. Results indicate diverse EV charging patterns, and no single charging location type nor one form of charging behaviour dominated across scenarios throughout the evacuation time period. Across all models, we found that EV ownership, a preference to reduce risk to property and family, intended evacuation choices, and past hazard experience influenced charging behaviour. Targeted grid improvements and strategic placement of both fixed and mobile charging stations would likely be sufficient to meet electricity demand from EVs in evacuations.

电动汽车（EV）的采用对灾难规划来说是一个越来越大的挑战，需要有弹性的电网和战略。本研究对疏散背景下的电动汽车用户行为进行了很少的研究，通过开发一系列离散选择模型来理解在假设的野火疏散中影响电动汽车充电行为的因素，从而解决了这一空白。通过来自加拿大阿尔伯塔省和不列颠哥伦比亚省生活在高/中等火灾风险中的人们的非概率小组，我们收集了关于预期行动的调查数据（n = 1371），假设电动汽车续航里程为400公里。结果表明，在疏散时间段内，电动汽车的充电模式多种多样，没有一种充电地点类型或一种充电行为占主导地位。在所有车型中，我们发现电动汽车拥有量、降低财产和家庭风险的偏好、有意疏散的选择以及过去的危险经历都会影响充电行为。有针对性的电网改进和固定和移动充电站的战略布局可能足以满足疏散期间电动汽车的电力需求。

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引用次数: 0

Quantifying the nonlinear causal impact of commute time on U.S. remote work 量化通勤时间对美国远程工作的非线性因果影响

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105153

Donghang Li , Yunhan Zheng , Shenhao Wang , Xiaotong Guo , Jinhua Zhao

Urban commuting is a significant contributor to environmental pollution and emissions, while remote work offers a sustainable alternative. This study investigates the nonlinear causal impact of commute time on remote work decisions using U.S. monthly survey data from May 2020 to March 2025. To address residential self-selection bias, we apply propensity score matching (PSM) and find that commutes exceeding 30 mins increase the odds of higher-category remote work preferences and frequency by 31.1 % and 20.8 %, respectively. We then apply the generalized propensity score (GPS) method and uncover a nonlinear causal effect of commute time on remote work preferences and frequency: the marginal effect is negative within the first 15 mins, turns positive afterward, and plateaus after 50 mins. Heterogeneity analysis reveals the strongest effects among onsite workers, with weaker effects on hybrid and remote workers. These findings offer behavioral insights for remote work policies and sustainable transportation planning.

城市通勤是造成环境污染和排放的一个重要因素，而远程工作提供了一个可持续的选择。本研究利用美国2020年5月至2025年3月的月度调查数据，调查了通勤时间对远程工作决策的非线性因果影响。为了解决居住自我选择偏差，我们应用倾向得分匹配（PSM），发现通勤时间超过30分钟会使高类别远程工作偏好和频率的几率分别增加31.1%和20.8%。然后，我们应用广义倾向评分（GPS）方法，揭示了通勤时间对远程工作偏好和频率的非线性因果效应：边际效应在前15分钟为负，之后变为正，50分钟后趋于平稳。异质性分析显示，对现场工作者的影响最大，对混合型和远程工作者的影响较弱。这些发现为远程工作政策和可持续交通规划提供了行为学见解。

引用次数: 0

Electric heavy-duty truck deployment and urban CO2 emissions: Evidence from Chinese policy-induced transitions 电动重型卡车部署与城市二氧化碳排放：来自中国政策导向转型的证据

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105163

Zhonglin Sheng , Xiaozhen Fu , Xu Hao

Research on subsidies for electric heavy-duty trucks (EHDTs) remains limited, despite their critical role in freight decarbonization. Existing studies largely examine passenger vehicles and short-term effects, with little attention to dynamic impacts or regional heterogeneity. Using 2017–2022 city-level data, this study evaluates the “Green Urban Freight Demonstration Program” through a multi-period Differences-in-Differences framework. Three contributions emerge. First, it extends policy evaluation to EHDTs, showing that subsidies significantly reduce urban freight emissions by accelerating truck electrification. Second, it uncovers the dynamic “S-shaped” policy effect that reflects technology diffusion and scale economies, highlighting the importance of timing in subsidy design. Third, it identifies heterogeneous outcomes shaped by charging infrastructure and industrial greening, emphasizing the need for place-based strategies. By linking policy incentives, technological compatibility, and urban conditions, the study builds a path-dependence model for low-carbon freight. Findings provide actionable guidance for designing adaptive subsidies and strengthening carbon governance in high-emission transport sectors.

尽管电动重型卡车（EHDTs）在货运脱碳方面发挥着关键作用，但对其补贴的研究仍然有限。现有的研究主要考察乘用车和短期影响，很少关注动态影响或区域异质性。本研究利用2017-2022年城市层面的数据，通过多时期差异中的差异框架对“绿色城市货运示范计划”进行评估。三个贡献出现了。首先，它将政策评估扩展到EHDTs，表明补贴通过加速卡车电气化显着减少了城市货运排放。其次，揭示了反映技术扩散和规模经济的动态“s形”政策效应，突出了补贴设计中时机的重要性。第三，它确定了由收费基础设施和工业绿化形成的异质性结果，强调了基于地方的战略的必要性。通过将政策激励、技术兼容性和城市条件联系起来，本研究建立了低碳货运的路径依赖模型。研究结果为设计适应性补贴和加强高排放运输部门的碳治理提供了可操作的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Potential ecological risk assessment of proposed transportation infrastructure on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105164

Yaohang Sun , Yongbin Wang , Kangde Liao , Gang Jin , Dongxia Yue , Jianjun Guo

Rapid expansion of transportation infrastructure threatens ecosystems, making forward-looking ecological risk assessment essential for sustainable development. However, quantitative methods tailored to proposed transportation infrastructure (PTI), particularly those that capture indirect and cumulative effects, remain underdeveloped. Accordingly, based on the IPCC risk definition and principles of sustainable transportation, we develop a spatially explicit ecological risk assessment framework for PTI that integrates a nested multi-model coupling approach. We apply it to Shigatse on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to evaluate potential ecological risks of PTI under alternative 2035 development scenarios. The results indicate that higher risks are concentrated around the Shigatse urban periphery and in the middle reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River. By 2035, ecological risk increases by 1.95%, 2.16%, and 2.29% under the railway-only, highway-only, and combined scenarios, respectively. Risk zones expand outward along planned transport corridors and major urban nodes, and they attenuate rapidly with increasing distance from the infrastructure.

交通基础设施的快速扩张威胁着生态系统，因此前瞻性生态风险评估对于可持续发展至关重要。然而，针对拟议的交通基础设施（PTI）量身定制的定量方法，特别是那些捕捉间接和累积效应的方法，仍然不发达。因此，基于IPCC风险定义和可持续交通原则，我们开发了一个空间显式的PTI生态风险评估框架，该框架集成了嵌套的多模型耦合方法。结果表明：日喀则城市外围和雅鲁藏布江中游地区的风险较高；到2035年，纯铁路、纯公路和复合情景下的生态风险分别增加1.95%、2.16%和2.29%。风险区沿着规划的交通走廊和主要城市节点向外扩展，并随着与基础设施距离的增加而迅速减弱。

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引用次数: 0

Availability of electric mobility policy and its potential for adoption in Africa 电动交通政策的可用性及其在非洲采用的潜力

IF 7.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Transportation Research Part D-transport and Environment

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2025.105151

Obiora A. Nnene, Iremitide I. Oyelohunnu, Mark H.P Zuidgeest

This paper assesses the availability of policies implemented by African countries to accelerate the adoption of electric mobility. This was accomplished using a systematic review that collected and analysed policy-related documents from all 54 African countries. The documents were evaluated against a scoring framework of 15 policy areas categorised as fiscal incentives, non-fiscal incentives, administrative measures, and regulatory measures. The results indicate a shortage of electric vehicle policies, with 31 countries having official documents. Rwanda emerged as the country with the highest available policies, scoring 8 out of 10 on a normalised scale. While fiscal policies such as import tax exemptions are available in 21 countries, critical gaps in other impactful measures. For instance, direct purchase subsidies are available in only 5 countries, while non-fiscal incentives are almost entirely absent. Only three countries have established workforce training programs, and just one has mandated EV charging infrastructure through building regulations.

本文评估了非洲国家为加速采用电动交通而实施的政策的可用性。这项工作是通过系统审查完成的，该审查收集并分析了来自所有54个非洲国家的政策相关文件。这些文件是根据15个政策领域的评分框架进行评估的，这些政策领域分为财政激励、非财政激励、行政措施和监管措施。调查结果显示，目前有31个国家出台了电动汽车相关政策。卢旺达成为可用政策最高的国家，在标准化评分中得到8分（满分10分）。虽然有21个国家实行了进口免税等财政政策，但在其他有影响力的措施方面存在严重差距。例如，只有5个国家提供直接采购补贴，而非财政激励几乎完全不存在。只有三个国家建立了劳动力培训计划，只有一个国家通过建筑法规强制要求建立电动汽车充电基础设施。

引用次数: 0

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