Ultrasonics最新文献_第3页

Optimized ultrasound imaging of phase-change nanodroplets 相变纳米液滴的超声成像优化

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107933

Charles R. Dyall , Dmitry Nevozhay , Andy Liu , Trevor M. Mitcham , George J. Lu , Konstantin V. Sokolov , Richard R. Bouchard

Phase-change nanodroplets (PCNDs) continue to generate significant research interest due to their potential to extravasate into tissue, to be targeted for molecular imaging and drug delivery, and to undergo an induced phase-change to “activated” microbubbles (MBs) for ultrasound (US) imaging. To accurately quantify molecular markers, however, one assumes a consistent proportion of PCNDs in a region of interest (ROI) are stably activated and imaged. Herein we present a framework for developing a diagnostic sequence that is optimized for PCND activation uniformity, contrast, and acquisition time. To develop this framework, activation was examined at three scales of increasing complexity: single, adjacent, and full ROI activation(s). First, transmit parameters for a single activation were optimized using PCNDs across concentrations (1.0 × 10⁷–10⁹ PCND/mL) in controlled phantom experiments, considering contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), area, and offset (e.g., centroid axial distance from transmit focus) of the activation region along with acquisition time. Activation regions were also compared to prospective estimates based on US-beam imaging. Next, overlap and order of adjacent activation regions was optimized by maximizing spacing while preserving uniformity and minimizing signal loss from adjacent transmit interactions. Finally, an optimized raster-scanning scheme was applied to a mock tumor ROI, yielding 1.4–7.0 dB greater contrast enhancement over unoptimized schemes while reducing acquisition time. Further, PCND concentration was found to share a nonlinear relationship with US signal enhancement that differed significantly between linear and harmonic imaging modes. In conclusion, our framework’s optimization of contrast, uniformity, acquisition time, and cavitation mitigation for PCND US imaging should help facilitate its eventual clinical translation.

相变纳米液滴（PCNDs）由于其潜在的外渗到组织中，成为分子成像和药物输送的目标，并且在超声（US）成像中经历诱导相变为“活化”微泡（mb），因此继续引起重要的研究兴趣。然而，为了准确地量化分子标记，人们假设感兴趣区域（ROI）中一致比例的pcnd被稳定激活和成像。在这里，我们提出了一个框架，用于开发诊断序列，该序列针对PCND激活均匀性、对比度和采集时间进行了优化。为了开发这个框架，激活在三个增加复杂性的尺度上进行了检查：单个、相邻和完整的ROI激活。首先，利用不同浓度（1.0 × 107-109 PCND/mL）的PCND进行对照幻像实验，优化单次激活的发射参数，同时考虑激活区域的噪比（CNR）、面积、偏移量（如质心与发射焦点的轴向距离）以及采集时间。激活区域也与基于US-beam成像的预期估计进行了比较。其次，通过最大化间隔来优化相邻激活区域的重叠和顺序，同时保持均匀性并最小化相邻发射相互作用的信号损失。最后，将优化的光栅扫描方案应用于模拟肿瘤ROI，与未优化方案相比，对比度增强1.4-7.0 dB，同时减少了采集时间。此外，PCND浓度与US信号增强呈非线性关系，在线性和谐波成像模式之间存在显著差异。总之，我们的框架优化了PCND US成像的对比度、均匀性、采集时间和空化缓解，有助于其最终的临床转化。

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引用次数: 0

Acoustic pressure threshold prediction in cavitation field based on image and signal processing technique 基于图像和信号处理技术的空化场声压阈值预测。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107919

Zhaokang Lei , Fan Li , Yuting Cao , Xinran Dong , Yaorong Wu , Chenghui Wang , Shi Chen , Jing Hu , Zhuangzhi Shen , Runyang Mo , Jianzhong Guo , Shuyu Lin

A novel method is proposed to predict acoustic pressure threshold in cavitation fields by utilizing image processing techniques and parametric resampling technique. Cavitation structure within a water layer of depth λ/4 inside a transparent container was recorded by a high-speed camera, and it was found that a hemispherical bubble cloud attached to the container’s solid bottom can affect the morphology of the branched bubble structure beneath the water surface. Due to bubble interactions, the two may bridge together. According to the sequence of binarized image, the structure evolution can be quantitatively predicted. As bubbles coalesce, some large bubbles exist within the bubble clouds. By applying the P-PRTF transform, cavitation noise can be separated from hydrophone detection signals, enabling prediction of the primary acoustic pressure thresholds during cavitation structure bridging: 96.3 kPa at 28 kHz and 110.1 kPa at 40 kHz. It should be noted that more potential factors, such as acoustic frequency, pressure, and liquid properties can influence the merge and separation of the two bubble clusters. The prediction thresholds were also verified through theoretical analysis of the coupled models of bubble oscillations. It reveals that the occurrence of such cavitation events depends on the chaotic threshold. Large hemispherical clusters exhibit a stronger attraction on the floating branched structures, thereby enhancing structural stability. However, increased spacing between the two clusters weakens the vertical component of their interaction force, leading to reduced stability, which closely matches experimental observations. The presented methodology and results will be helpful for further investigations of cavitation erosion prevention.

提出了一种利用图像处理技术和参数重采样技术预测空化场声压阈值的新方法。利用高速摄像机记录了透明容器内部λ/4深度水层内的空化结构，发现附着在容器固体底部的半球形气泡云可以影响水面下分支气泡结构的形态。由于气泡的相互作用，两者可能会连接在一起。根据二值化后的图像序列，可以定量预测结构的演化。当气泡合并时，一些大气泡存在于气泡云中。通过P-PRTF变换，可以将空化噪声从水听器检测信号中分离出来，从而可以预测空化结构桥接过程中的主声压阈值：28 kHz时96.3 kPa， 40 kHz时110.1 kPa。需要注意的是，更多的潜在因素，如声波频率、压力和液体性质都可以影响两个气泡团簇的合并和分离。通过对气泡振荡耦合模型的理论分析，验证了预测阈值。结果表明，这类空化事件的发生取决于混沌阈值。大的半球形团簇对漂浮的支链结构具有更强的吸引力，从而提高了结构的稳定性。然而，两个团簇之间的间距增加削弱了它们相互作用力的垂直分量，导致稳定性降低，这与实验观察结果非常吻合。所提出的方法和结果将有助于进一步研究防空化侵蚀。

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引用次数: 0

A two-degree-of-freedom miniature ultrasonic motor driven by two modes coupled by three kinds of vibrations 一种由三种振动耦合的两种模式驱动的二自由度微型超声电机

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107930

Yixuan Zhou , Jianfa Lin , Zunyu Wang , Haoran Wang , Shuying Li , Wei Li , Qiaosheng Pan

This paper presents a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) miniature ultrasonic motor that outputs 2-DOF linear motion by using only a hollow rectangular metal block. The motion in the horizontal x direction was realized through the L₁-B_2xoz mode formed by coupling the first-order longitudinal (L₁) vibration and the second-order bending (B_2xoz) vibration. Moreover, the motion in the horizontal y direction was realized through the B_2xoy-B_2xoz mode formed by coupling the second-order bending (B_2xoz) vibration and the second-order bending (B_2xoy) vibration. An ultrasonic motor was designed, and its 2-DOF driving principle was analyzed. Then, the motor was simulated and analyzed to verify the described principle. Finally, the prototype of the ultrasonic motor with 3.8 × 4.2 × 14.5 mm dimensions and its experimental test device were fabricated, and the output characteristics of the motor were tested. Results show that at a voltage of 90 Vpp and a driving frequency of 104 kHz, the maximum no-load speeds of the motor in the horizontal x and y directions are 40.13 and 80.63 mm/s, respectively. Moreover, the maximum output forces in the horizontal and vertical directions are 0.9 and 1.55 N, respectively. The simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed 2-DOF ultrasonic motor.

本文设计了一种两自由度（2-DOF）微型超声电机，该电机仅使用空心矩形金属块输出2-DOF直线运动。通过一阶纵向振动（L1）和二阶弯曲振动（B2xoz）耦合形成的L1-B2xoz模态来实现水平x方向的运动。通过二阶弯曲（B2xoz）振动与二阶弯曲（B2xoy）振动耦合形成的B2xoy-B2xoz模态实现水平y方向的运动。设计了一种超声电机，分析了其二自由度驱动原理。然后对电机进行了仿真和分析，验证了所述原理。最后，制作了尺寸为3.8 × 4.2 × 14.5 mm的超声电机样机及其实验测试装置，并对电机的输出特性进行了测试。结果表明，在电压为90 Vpp、驱动频率为104 kHz时，电机在水平x、y方向上的最大空载速度分别为40.13和80.63 mm/s。水平方向和垂直方向的最大输出力分别为0.9和1.55 N。仿真和实验结果验证了所提出的二自由度超声电机的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Combined effects of 40 Hz ultrasound and light stimulation on neural oscillations and cognition 40赫兹超声和光刺激对神经振荡和认知的联合影响。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107923

Minghui Gao , Shixiong Zhang , Shasha Yi , Yiyue Zhu , Wen Meng , Hairong Zheng , Zhengrong Lin , Lili Niu

Single-modality 40 Hz ultrasound stimulation or 40 Hz light stimulation have demonstrated the efficacy in improving cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mice. However, the therapeutic effect of combined 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation on AD-related cognitive deficits remain unexplored. To address this gap, we developed a 40 Hz dual-modality stimulation system comprising a dual-targeted holographic ultrasound transducer that enables precise, safe stimulation of the bilateral hippocampal CA1 regions, and a 40 Hz visual stimulation. In wild-type mice, acute 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation significantly increased gamma (30–100 Hz) power and cross-regional phase synchronization, revealing a stronger synergistic effect compared to unimodal (ultrasound or light alone) stimulation. In 5XFAD AD model mice, chronic 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation robustly improved spatial memory, enhanced gamma phase synchronization and reduced amyloid-β deposition. Our findings demonstrate that this dual-modality strategy serves as a powerful, noninvasive tool to effectively enhance gamma oscillations and mitigate Aβ accumulation, underscoring its promising potential for AD intervention.

单模态40赫兹超声刺激或40赫兹光刺激对阿尔茨海默病（AD）小鼠的认知功能有改善作用。然而，联合40赫兹超声光刺激对ad相关认知缺陷的治疗效果仍未被探索。为了解决这一问题，我们开发了一种40赫兹双模刺激系统，该系统包括一个双目标全息超声传感器，可以对双侧海马CA1区域进行精确、安全的刺激，并进行40赫兹的视觉刺激。在野生型小鼠中，急性40 Hz超声光刺激显著增加γ (30-100 Hz)功率和跨区域相位同步，与单峰（超声或光）刺激相比，显示出更强的协同效应。慢性40 Hz超声光刺激可显著改善5XFAD AD模型小鼠的空间记忆，增强γ相同步，减少淀粉样蛋白-β沉积。我们的研究结果表明，这种双模态策略是一种强大的、无创的工具，可以有效地增强γ振荡和减轻a β积累，强调其在阿尔茨海默病干预方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating intrinsic system nonlinearities in ultrasonic scaling subtraction method for reliable rock damage monitoring 基于超声减尺度法的岩石损伤可靠监测系统非线性评价

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107931

Jiangwan He , Mehdi Serati , Martin Veidt , Mitch Dunn

Nonlinear ultrasonic testing (NLUT) techniques have been extensively investigated for their potential to assess damage states and monitor damage evolution. Among these, the Scaling Subtraction Method (SSM) offers a state-of-the-art approach by capturing the strain-dependent nonlinear behaviour of the testing material under low- and high-voltage excitations. This study extends the application of SSM by enabling continuous monitoring and rigorously quantifying intrinsic system nonlinearity. The influence of excitation waveform, excitation frequency and excitation voltage on the nonlinearity indicator was also examined. A series of experiments were performed to isolate nonlinear contributions from waveform generators, power amplifiers, transducers and the material of interest. Results demonstrate that the proposed testing parameters and testing system result in a negligible nonlinearity compared to the substantial nonlinearity measured in an alternative nonlinear testing system and in marble. Continuous ultrasonic excitation over 900 s, conducted in the absence of external mechanical loading, revealed a time-dependent increase in the nonlinearity indicator for marble specimens, while the ultrasonic system itself remained stable throughout the prolonged excitation. These findings highlight the importance of quantifying intrinsic system nonlinearity and optimising excitation parameters for accurate nonlinearity evaluation. Continuous SSM monitoring of marble during uniaxial loading demonstrated the method’s high sensitivity and resolution, clearly capturing progressive changes in nonlinearity with increasing stress. Taken together, these results establish SSM as a robust and practical tool for real-time monitoring of damage evolution in rock-like materials.

非线性超声检测（NLUT）技术因其在评估损伤状态和监测损伤演变方面的潜力而得到了广泛的研究。其中，尺度减法（SSM）提供了一种最先进的方法，通过捕获在低压和高压激励下测试材料的应变相关非线性行为。本研究通过连续监测和严格量化系统的内在非线性，扩展了SSM的应用。考察了激励波形、激励频率和激励电压对非线性指标的影响。进行了一系列实验，以隔离来自波形发生器、功率放大器、换能器和感兴趣的材料的非线性贡献。结果表明，与在另一种非线性测试系统和大理石中测量到的大量非线性相比，所提出的测试参数和测试系统的非线性可以忽略不计。在没有外部机械载荷的情况下，连续超声激励超过900 s，大理岩试样的非线性指标随时间增加，而超声系统本身在整个长时间的激励过程中保持稳定。这些发现突出了量化系统固有非线性和优化激励参数对准确非线性评估的重要性。大理岩在单轴加载过程中的连续SSM监测表明，该方法具有较高的灵敏度和分辨率，可以清晰地捕捉到随应力增加非线性的渐进变化。综上所述，这些结果使SSM成为实时监测类岩石材料损伤演变的强大实用工具。

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引用次数: 0

Simultaneous measurement of coating/substrate interface stiffness, sound velocity, and acoustic impedance based on ultrasonic reflection phase derivative spectrum 基于超声反射相位导数谱的涂层/衬底界面刚度、声速和声阻抗的同时测量

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107928

Zhiyuan Ma , Tianxu Zhang , Jiwei Yang , Li Lin

The presence of heterogeneous phases at the coating/substrate interface can weaken interface stiffness, degrading bonding quality and potentially causing failure. Therefore, quantitatively assessing the interface stiffness of the coated parts through non-destructive testing is crucial for evaluating coating quality. The existing ultrasonic reflection coefficient amplitude spectrum (URCAS) and ultrasonic reflection coefficient phase spectrum (URCPS) are easily affected by reference signals and system phases. A new method for integrated measurement of interface stiffness, sound velocity, and acoustic impedance based on constructed ultrasonic reflection phase derivative spectrum (URPDS) is proposed. Sensitivity analysis identifies the high-sensitivity range of URPDS, enhancing accuracy. URPDS is combined with cross-correlation analysis and a genetic algorithm for simultaneous inversion. Experiments and simulations on a polyurethane-coated aluminum alloy sample with a coating thickness of about 45 μm showed relative errors of 2.95 % for interface stiffness, 1.07 % for sound velocity, and 2.17 % for acoustic impedance in the simulations, while the experiments showed relative errors of 4.58 % for sound velocity and 6.96 % for acoustic impedance. The inverted interface stiffness from the experiments correlates positively with coating adhesion strength measured by cross-cut testing.

在涂层/衬底界面处存在非均相会削弱界面刚度，降低结合质量并可能导致失效。因此，通过无损检测对涂层件的界面刚度进行定量评估是评价涂层质量的关键。现有的超声反射系数振幅谱（URCAS）和超声反射系数相位谱（URCPS）容易受到参考信号和系统相位的影响。提出了一种基于构造超声反射相位导数谱（URPDS）的界面刚度、声速和声阻抗综合测量新方法。灵敏度分析确定了URPDS的高灵敏度范围，提高了准确性。URPDS结合了互相关分析和遗传算法进行同步反演。在涂层厚度约为45 μm的聚氨酯涂层铝合金样品上进行的实验和模拟表明，模拟中界面刚度、声速和声阻抗的相对误差分别为2.95%、1.07%和2.17%，而实验中声速和声阻抗的相对误差分别为4.58%和6.96%。实验所得的倒界面刚度与横切测试所得的涂层附着强度呈正相关。

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引用次数: 0

Acoustic manipulation for metal additive manufacturing powder sorting 金属增材制造粉末分选的声学操纵。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107926

Fei Ye , Zhenchao Qiu , Hongqing Dai , Xin Zhou , Duo Xu , Lei Yan , Ning Dai

Metal additive manufacturing is a crucial technology in industries such as aerospace, energy, and automotive manufacturing. However, its further development is limited by powder utilization efficiency and material costs. In this study, we developed a phased array acoustic tweezer system to separate and sort metal powder materials used in additive manufacturing. Using the finite element method, we explored the advantages of phased arrays, analyzed the acoustic potential field and acoustic radiation force, and demonstrated the varying trajectories of different particles within the acoustic field. Our experiments demonstrated that phased array acoustic tweezers can alter particle trajectories and achieve separation of mixed powders of different sizes or densities. This acoustic manipulation platform can separate different particles without relying on additional physical properties of the particles like magnetic or electric fields, pioneering a novel method for the separation and sorting of micro-sized metal additive manufacturing powders.

金属增材制造是航空航天、能源和汽车制造等行业的关键技术。但其进一步发展受到粉末利用效率和材料成本的限制。在本研究中，我们开发了一种相控阵声学镊子系统，用于分离和分选用于增材制造的金属粉末材料。利用有限元方法，探讨了相控阵的优势，分析了声势场和声辐射力，展示了不同粒子在声场中的运动轨迹。实验表明，相控阵声镊可以改变粒子的运动轨迹，实现不同大小或密度的混合粉末的分离。这种声学操作平台可以分离不同的颗粒，而不依赖于颗粒的额外物理性质，如磁场或电场，开创了一种分离和分选微型金属增材制造粉末的新方法。

引用次数: 0

High-precision laser ultrasonic VMD-TFM imaging of surface defects on rough surfaces of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4 V 增材ti - 6al - 4v粗糙表面缺陷的高精度激光超声VMD-TFM成像。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107925

Zhenlong Zhang , Zhaoli Luo , Fei Gao , Yifan Zhang , Lei Chen , Bing Li

Additive manufactured (AM) metallic components have been increasingly applied across various industries. However, due to rapid temperature gradients and non-uniform thermal stresses during fabrication, defects such as cracks and pores are prone to occur. Laser ultrasonic testing faces challenges in achieving high-precision detection and imaging of surface defects on AM components, as strong scattering effects induced by surface roughness introduce considerable high-frequency noise and severely reduce the signal-to-noise ratio of defect echoes. To overcome this limitation, a combined VMD-TFM imaging method is proposed for the detection and characterization of submillimeter-scale surface defects on rough surfaces of AM Ti-6Al-4 V components. The approach introduces the Total Focusing Method (TFM)—originally developed for phased-array ultrasonic—into laser ultrasonic, where delay-compensated and coherently summed signals enable high-resolution, full-coverage imaging of the inspection area. In addition, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) is employed as a preprocessing step to denoise and reconstruct the effective signal modes, thereby suppressing high-frequency speckle and artifacts induced by surface roughness and enhancing the imaging precision for submillimeter defects. Validation through 3D surface metrology microscope shows that the spatial overlap between the VMD-TFM imaging and actual defect locations exceed 80 %, with the absolute diameter errors remain below 0.08 mm, confirming the high resolution and reliability of the proposed algorithm. This method provides a new pathway for accurate surface-quality evaluation and establishes a technical foundation for integrating laser ultrasonic testing into real-time monitoring and feedback control in additive manufacturing processes.

增材制造（AM）金属部件已越来越多地应用于各个行业。然而，由于在制造过程中温度梯度快，热应力不均匀，容易产生裂纹和气孔等缺陷。激光超声检测在实现增材制造部件表面缺陷的高精度检测和成像方面面临挑战，由于表面粗糙度引起的强散射效应引入了相当大的高频噪声，严重降低了缺陷回波的信噪比。为了克服这一限制，提出了一种复合VMD-TFM成像方法，用于AM ti - 6al - 4v部件粗糙表面亚毫米级表面缺陷的检测和表征。该方法将全聚焦法（TFM）——最初是为相控阵超声开发的——引入激光超声，其中延迟补偿和相干求和信号可以实现检测区域的高分辨率、全覆盖成像。此外，采用变分模态分解（VMD）作为预处理步骤，对有效信号模进行降噪和重构，从而抑制由表面粗糙度引起的高频散斑和伪影，提高亚毫米缺陷的成像精度。通过三维表面计量显微镜验证，VMD-TFM成像与实际缺陷位置的空间重叠度超过80%，绝对直径误差保持在0.08 mm以下，验证了所提算法的高分辨率和可靠性。该方法为精确评价表面质量提供了新的途径，为将激光超声检测与增材制造过程的实时监测和反馈控制相结合奠定了技术基础。

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引用次数: 0

A new correlation model for ultrasonic attenuation in polycrystals with broad grain size distributions 宽晶粒尺寸分布多晶中超声衰减的新相关模型

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107924

Ningyue Sheng, Shahram Khazaie

Ultrasonic characterization of polycrystalline materials is traditionally based on a single-exponential two-point correlation function (TPCF). However, industrial metallic polycrystals often exhibit a wide grain size distribution, for which the classical analytical scattering-induced attenuation frameworks fail to reproduce the experimental measurements. In this paper, we introduce a new closed-form TPCF that embeds the full volumetric grain size distribution through an analytic convolution of spherical grain statistics. The resulting expression naturally reduces to the classical spherical TPCF when the distribution width tends to zero. Coupling this TPCF with Weaver’s framework for elastic wave attenuation produces frequency-dependent attenuation formulas that depend on the first two moments of the grain size distribution. To evaluate the robustness of the proposed model, we generated synthetic aluminum microstructures that span a wide range of coefficients of variation of grain sizes. TPCFs measured from Laguerre–Voronoi tessellation-based microstructures closely match our predictions across a wide range of coefficients of variations (CVs) from moderate to large, whereas other models systematically misestimate the correlation for large CVs. By conducting a series of comparisons with semi-analytical, numerical, and experimental attenuation coefficients reported in the literature, we show the robustness of our model. The proposed formulation, therefore, extends ultrasonic scattering theory to polycrystals with realistically broad grain size distributions, supplying a physically interpretable bridge between measurable grain statistics and macroscopic wave attenuation. This advance opens the door to nondestructive, distribution-aware inversion of microstructural parameters in polycrystalline materials.

多晶材料的超声表征传统上基于单指数两点相关函数（TPCF）。然而，工业金属多晶往往表现出广泛的晶粒尺寸分布，因此经典的分析散射诱导衰减框架无法再现实验测量结果。在本文中，我们引入了一种新的封闭形式的TPCF，它通过球面晶粒统计量的解析卷积嵌入了完整的体积粒度分布。当分布宽度趋于零时，得到的表达式自然地简化为经典的球形TPCF。将该TPCF与Weaver弹性波衰减框架相结合，产生依赖于粒度分布的前两个矩的频率相关衰减公式。为了评估所提出模型的鲁棒性，我们生成了跨越晶粒尺寸变化系数范围的合成铝微观结构。基于Laguerre-Voronoi细分的微观结构测量的tpcf在从中等到大的变异系数（cv）范围内与我们的预测密切匹配，而其他模型系统地错误估计了大cv的相关性。通过与文献中报道的半解析、数值和实验衰减系数进行一系列比较，我们显示了我们模型的鲁棒性。因此，提出的公式将超声散射理论扩展到具有实际宽晶粒尺寸分布的多晶体，在可测量的晶粒统计和宏观波衰减之间提供了物理上可解释的桥梁。这一进展为非破坏性、分布感知的多晶材料微结构参数反演打开了大门。

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引用次数: 0

Attention-Fused Dual-Stream learning for defect classification in thick aerospace CFRPs with complex microstructures using Multi-Angle ultrasonic scattering signatures 基于多角度超声散射特征的航空航天复合材料厚层缺陷融合双流学习

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107921

Andong Cao , Songli Tan , Peng Xiao , Qian Li , Wengen Li , Zhen Zhang

Reliable detection of critical defects in thick Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers, particularly delamination, is a significant challenge. This task becomes severely complicated when complex microstructures such as fiber waviness limit the effectiveness of conventional ultrasonic testing. To address this, a dual-stream deep learning framework with an efficient and interpretable AttentionFusion module is proposed, which synergistically integrates spatial-morphological information from B-scan images with physics-rich, multi-angle scattering signatures from raw Full Matrix Capture data. Through the adaptive weighing of both static B-scan and dynamic multi-angle inspection streams, the most salient features are leveraged by a YOLOv8-based detector for defect identification. When validated on a dataset consisting of 2776 samples, a 25.8% relative mAP50 improvement over a single-stream baseline was achieved, with this margin increasing to 29.9% on challenging wavy-fiber samples. The critical contribution of the AttentionFusion mechanism was confirmed via ablation studies. Furthermore, the framework’s decision-making process was elucidated through visualization of attention maps, enhancing its transparency. By leveraging raw Full Matrix Capture data often discarded in traditional pipelines, a more accurate and trustworthy solution for automated nondestructive testing in complex aerospace composites is provided.

可靠地检测厚碳纤维增强聚合物的关键缺陷，特别是分层，是一个重大挑战。当纤维波浪形等复杂的微观结构限制了常规超声检测的有效性时，这项任务变得非常复杂。为了解决这个问题，提出了一个具有高效和可解释的注意力融合模块的双流深度学习框架，该框架协同集成了来自b扫描图像的空间形态信息和来自原始全矩阵捕获数据的物理丰富的多角度散射特征。通过对静态b扫描和动态多角度检测流的自适应称重，基于yolov8的检测器可以利用最显著的特征进行缺陷识别。当在包含2776个样本的数据集上进行验证时，与单流基线相比，mAP50的相对提高了25.8%，在具有挑战性的波浪光纤样本上，这一幅度增加到29.9%。消融研究证实了注意力融合机制的关键作用。此外，通过注意图的可视化来阐明该框架的决策过程，提高其透明度。通过利用传统管道中经常丢弃的原始全矩阵捕获数据，为复杂航空航天复合材料的自动化无损检测提供了更准确、更可靠的解决方案。

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