Ultrasonics最新文献_第10页

Wave propagation in highly anisotropic polycrystals: a numerical perspective from an unstructured-mesh-based high-order finite element method 波在高度各向异性多晶体中的传播：基于非结构网格的高阶有限元方法的数值视角。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107882

Shaojie Gong , Shifeng Guo , Yi Xiong , Shiyuan Zhou , Fangsen Cui , Menglong Liu

Ultrasonic non-destructive testing provides an important means to characterize grain size and orientation distribution of polycrystalline materials. Analytical and numerical modeling of ultrasound propagation offer an insight into how ultrasound interacts with polycrystalline materials. However, in highly anisotropic polycrystals, there is still no mature and accurate analytical formulation to describe the strong wave scattering, while the numerical modeling often relies on extremely dense structured meshes to conform to the grain boundary. This study proposes to use a high-order unstructured mesh with added internal nodes to obtain diagonal mass matrices, in order to accurately model wave propagation in strongly anisotropic polycrystals with complex grain boundary. Firstly, polycrystalline geometry was constructed with the Voronoi-based tessellation. Then an explicit dynamics solution was to simulate ultrasonic propagation with the improved element and several typical structured and unstructured elements. The influence of mesh type on calculation accuracy and convergence rate shows that the improved high-order mass-lumped elements, by retaining the true geometry of grain boundaries with unstructured meshes, significantly enhance both computational efficiency and accuracy. Lastly, the simulated results of ultrasonic attenuation and phase velocity in polycrystals show good agreement with both modified analytical models and results obtained with structured meshes. This confirms the effectiveness of the proposed high-order mass-lumped unstructured meshes for accurately simulating wave propagation in polycrystals for the characterization of grain features.

超声无损检测是表征多晶材料晶粒尺寸和取向分布的重要手段。超声传播的分析和数值模拟提供了超声如何与多晶材料相互作用的见解。然而，在高度各向异性的多晶体中，仍然没有成熟而准确的解析公式来描述强波散射，而数值模拟往往依赖于极其密集的结构网格来符合晶界。为了精确模拟复杂晶界强各向异性多晶体中的波传播，本研究提出采用高阶非结构化网格增加内部节点来获得对角质量矩阵。首先，利用基于voronoi的镶嵌构造了多晶几何结构。然后用改进单元和几种典型的结构化和非结构化单元对超声传播进行了显式动力学模拟。网格类型对计算精度和收敛速度的影响表明，改进的高阶质量集总单元通过保留非结构化网格的真实晶界几何形状，显著提高了计算效率和精度。最后，超声衰减和相速度在多晶体中的模拟结果与修正的解析模型和结构网格计算结果吻合较好。这证实了所提出的高阶质量集总非结构化网格在精确模拟波在多晶体中的传播以表征晶粒特征方面的有效性。

{"title":"Wave propagation in highly anisotropic polycrystals: a numerical perspective from an unstructured-mesh-based high-order finite element method","authors":"Shaojie Gong , Shifeng Guo , Yi Xiong , Shiyuan Zhou , Fangsen Cui , Menglong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic non-destructive testing provides an important means to characterize grain size and orientation distribution of polycrystalline materials. Analytical and numerical modeling of ultrasound propagation offer an insight into how ultrasound interacts with polycrystalline materials. However, in highly anisotropic polycrystals, there is still no mature and accurate analytical formulation to describe the strong wave scattering, while the numerical modeling often relies on extremely dense structured meshes to conform to the grain boundary. This study proposes to use a high-order unstructured mesh with added internal nodes to obtain diagonal mass matrices, in order to accurately model wave propagation in strongly anisotropic polycrystals with complex grain boundary. Firstly, polycrystalline geometry was constructed with the Voronoi-based tessellation. Then an explicit dynamics solution was to simulate ultrasonic propagation with the improved element and several typical structured and unstructured elements. The influence of mesh type on calculation accuracy and convergence rate shows that the improved high-order mass-lumped elements, by retaining the true geometry of grain boundaries with unstructured meshes, significantly enhance both computational efficiency and accuracy. Lastly, the simulated results of ultrasonic attenuation and phase velocity in polycrystals show good agreement with both modified analytical models and results obtained with structured meshes. This confirms the effectiveness of the proposed high-order mass-lumped unstructured meshes for accurately simulating wave propagation in polycrystals for the characterization of grain features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A miniature wireless robotic swimmer actuated by a vector acoustic system 由矢量声学系统驱动的微型无线游泳机器人

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107880

Xin Wang , Le Wang , Hanlin Wang , Xiqing Zuo , Rongyang Wang , Xianglei Zhang , Chao Xu

Untethered underwater robots are capable of navigating confined aquatic environments, offering significant potential for applications such as environmental monitoring, pipeline inspection and biological sample collection. However, traditional propeller propulsion systems suffer from limited maneuverability and potential safety risks in confined spaces. To address these challenges, we propose a miniature robotic swimmer (8.5 cm in diameter and 10 cm in height) actuated by a vector acoustic system. Specifically, the robot employs a piezoelectric transducer to generate high-intensity ultrasonic waves, which produce a directional jet in the fluid by acoustic radiation force. By using a miniature electromagnetic motor to adjust the alignment of the piezoelectric actuator, the system can modify the jet direction, achieving full-range propulsion without turning radius limitations. Moreover, the combined implementation of a vectorized propulsion system with a wireless control module enables superior maneuverability. Experiments show that the robot achieves a maximum linear velocity of 79.2 mm/s and can traverse a narrow gap of 1.5 times the body length under remote wireless control, demonstrating excellent maneuverability and obstacle avoidance capability.

无系绳水下机器人能够在狭窄的水生环境中航行，为环境监测、管道检查和生物样本收集等应用提供了巨大的潜力。然而，传统的螺旋桨推进系统在密闭空间中存在机动性有限和安全隐患的问题。为了解决这些挑战，我们提出了一个由矢量声学系统驱动的微型机器人游泳者（直径8.5厘米，高10厘米）。具体而言，该机器人采用压电换能器产生高强度超声波，通过声辐射力在流体中产生定向射流。该系统利用微型电磁电机调节压电驱动器的对中方向，实现无转弯半径限制的全范围推进。此外，矢量推进系统与无线控制模块的结合实现了优越的机动性。实验结果表明，在远程无线控制下，机器人的最大线速度可达79.2 mm/s，并能通过1.5倍体长的狭窄缝隙，具有良好的机动性和避障能力。

{"title":"A miniature wireless robotic swimmer actuated by a vector acoustic system","authors":"Xin Wang , Le Wang , Hanlin Wang , Xiqing Zuo , Rongyang Wang , Xianglei Zhang , Chao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Untethered underwater robots are capable of navigating confined aquatic environments, offering significant potential for applications such as environmental monitoring, pipeline inspection and biological sample collection. However, traditional propeller propulsion systems suffer from limited maneuverability and potential safety risks in confined spaces. To address these challenges, we propose a miniature robotic swimmer (8.5 cm in diameter and 10 cm in height) actuated by a vector acoustic system. Specifically, the robot employs a piezoelectric transducer to generate high-intensity ultrasonic waves, which produce a directional jet in the fluid by acoustic radiation force. By using a miniature electromagnetic motor to adjust the alignment of the piezoelectric actuator, the system can modify the jet direction, achieving full-range propulsion without turning radius limitations. Moreover, the combined implementation of a vectorized propulsion system with a wireless control module enables superior maneuverability. Experiments show that the robot achieves a maximum linear velocity of 79.2 mm/s and can traverse a narrow gap of 1.5 times the body length under remote wireless control, demonstrating excellent maneuverability and obstacle avoidance capability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107880"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145425019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving axial resolution uniformity in deep-tissue optoacoustic imaging via entropy-driven design of dual-frequency multi-segment arrays 利用熵驱动双频多段阵列改善深层组织光声成像的轴向分辨率均匀性。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107875

Weixia Cheng , Ruochong Zhang , Cristian Ciobanu , Renzhe Bi , Xosé Luís Deán-Ben , Zheng Zesheng , Ghayathri Balasundaram , Yonggeng Goh , Malini Olivo , Daniel Razansky , Zheng Fan

Dual-frequency or multi-frequency transducers have been proposed to balance deep penetration and high resolution in optoacoustic (OA) imaging, based on the well-established tradeoff that low frequencies provide deeper penetration, while high frequencies offer higher resolution. In practice, conventional transducer designs are primarily guided by the signal’s center frequency and bandwidth, as these parameters fundamentally constrain spatial resolution. However, such criteria alone are insufficient, as they overlook the influence of transducer geometry within the array. To address this limitation, we introduce k-space analysis and a weighted entropy (

W E

) metric that links transducer design parameters to directional resolution performance. Simulations and phantom experiments validated that the dual-frequency multi-segment transducer array (DF-MSTA), combining 3 and 7.5 MHz, achieved more uniform and enhanced axial resolution (by up to 23.8 %), compared to a single-frequency MSTA operating at 7.5 MHz. The results align with predictions from the k-space analysis and

W E

quantification. This work provides a transducer design strategy that jointly considers frequency selection and array geometry, along with a quantitative framework to optimize axial resolution in deep-tissue OA imaging, offering insights beyond conventional approaches.

基于低频提供更深的穿透，而高频提供更高的分辨率这一公认的权衡，双频或多频换能器已被提议用于平衡光声（OA）成像中的深穿透和高分辨率。在实践中，传统的换能器设计主要以信号的中心频率和带宽为指导，因为这些参数从根本上限制了空间分辨率。然而，这样的标准本身是不够的，因为它们忽略了阵列内换能器几何形状的影响。为了解决这一限制，我们引入了k空间分析和加权熵（we）度量，将传感器设计参数与方向分辨率性能联系起来。仿真和模拟实验证实，与7.5 MHz的单频MSTA相比，结合3和7.5 MHz的双频多段换能器阵列（DF-MSTA）实现了更均匀和增强的轴向分辨率（高达23.8%）。结果与k空间分析和WE量化的预测一致。这项工作提供了一种换能器设计策略，该策略联合考虑了频率选择和阵列几何形状，以及优化深层组织OA成像轴向分辨率的定量框架，提供了超越传统方法的见解。

{"title":"Improving axial resolution uniformity in deep-tissue optoacoustic imaging via entropy-driven design of dual-frequency multi-segment arrays","authors":"Weixia Cheng , Ruochong Zhang , Cristian Ciobanu , Renzhe Bi , Xosé Luís Deán-Ben , Zheng Zesheng , Ghayathri Balasundaram , Yonggeng Goh , Malini Olivo , Daniel Razansky , Zheng Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dual-frequency or multi-frequency transducers have been proposed to balance deep penetration and high resolution in optoacoustic (OA) imaging, based on the well-established tradeoff that low frequencies provide deeper penetration, while high frequencies offer higher resolution. In practice, conventional transducer designs are primarily guided by the signal’s center frequency and bandwidth, as these parameters fundamentally constrain spatial resolution. However, such criteria alone are insufficient, as they overlook the influence of transducer geometry within the array. To address this limitation, we introduce k-space analysis and a weighted entropy (<span><math><mrow><mi>W</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span>) metric that links transducer design parameters to directional resolution performance. Simulations and phantom experiments validated that the dual-frequency multi-segment transducer array (DF-MSTA), combining 3 and 7.5 MHz, achieved more uniform and enhanced axial resolution (by up to 23.8 %), compared to a single-frequency MSTA operating at 7.5 MHz. The results align with predictions from the k-space analysis and <span><math><mrow><mi>W</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></math></span> quantification. This work provides a transducer design strategy that jointly considers frequency selection and array geometry, along with a quantitative framework to optimize axial resolution in deep-tissue OA imaging, offering insights beyond conventional approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107875"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Golay-Net: Deep learning-based Golay coded excitation for ultrasound imaging Golay- net：基于深度学习的超声成像Golay编码激励

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107881

Suntae Hwang , Jinwoo Kim , Eunji Lee , Jin Ho Chang

Ultrasound imaging modality, which operates by transmitting and receiving short ultrasound pulses, offers a promising approach for real-time, high-resolution diagnostic imaging at relatively low cost. However, the conventional short-pulse approach is inherently limited by signal attenuation with increased imaging depth, leading to reduced penetration and a lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which ultimately degrades diagnostic performance. Golay-coded excitation has been introduced to mitigate these issues by transmitting longer, coded pulses that use a pair of complementary sequences (Codes A and B) to enhance SNR and imaging depth. However, this technique requires two sequential transmissions to acquire two echoes related to the complementary codes, inevitably reducing the frame rate by half. In this work, we propose a novel deep learning framework that overcomes this limitation by generating the echo signal corresponding to Code B from the echo signal obtained after transmitting code A. For this, we developed Golay-Net, based on a 1-D U-Net architecture, which changes the phase of the range sidelobes of the Code A-related echo signals, thereby effectively synthesizing the echo signals that would have been obtained using Code B. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the proposed Golay-Net can synthesize code B-related echo signals with high fidelity, enabling the reconstruction of ultrasound images with enhanced SNR and imaging depth, without compromising frame rate.

超声成像模式通过发送和接收短超声脉冲来工作，以相对较低的成本提供了一种有前途的实时、高分辨率诊断成像方法。然而，随着成像深度的增加，传统的短脉冲方法固有地受到信号衰减的限制，从而导致穿透降低和信噪比（SNR）降低，最终降低了诊断性能。为了缓解这些问题，已经引入了golay编码激励，通过使用一对互补序列（编码a和B）传输更长的编码脉冲来提高信噪比和成像深度。然而，这种技术需要两次连续传输来获取与互补码相关的两个回波，不可避免地将帧率降低一半。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新的深度学习框架，通过从发送代码a后获得的回波信号中生成与代码B对应的回波信号来克服这一限制。为此，我们开发了基于一维U-Net架构的Golay-Net，该架构改变了代码a相关回波信号的距离旁瓣的相位。体外和体内实验表明，所提出的Golay-Net可以高保真地合成与b码相关的回波信号，在不影响帧率的情况下，重建具有更高信噪比和成像深度的超声图像。

{"title":"Golay-Net: Deep learning-based Golay coded excitation for ultrasound imaging","authors":"Suntae Hwang , Jinwoo Kim , Eunji Lee , Jin Ho Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound imaging modality, which operates by transmitting and receiving short ultrasound pulses, offers a promising approach for real-time, high-resolution diagnostic imaging at relatively low cost. However, the conventional short-pulse approach is inherently limited by signal attenuation with increased imaging depth, leading to reduced penetration and a lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which ultimately degrades diagnostic performance. Golay-coded excitation has been introduced to mitigate these issues by transmitting longer, coded pulses that use a pair of complementary sequences (Codes A and B) to enhance SNR and imaging depth. However, this technique requires two sequential transmissions to acquire two echoes related to the complementary codes, inevitably reducing the frame rate by half. In this work, we propose a novel deep learning framework that overcomes this limitation by generating the echo signal corresponding to Code B from the echo signal obtained after transmitting code A. For this, we developed Golay-Net, based on a 1-D U-Net architecture, which changes the phase of the range sidelobes of the Code A-related echo signals, thereby effectively synthesizing the echo signals that would have been obtained using Code B. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the proposed Golay-Net can synthesize code B-related echo signals with high fidelity, enabling the reconstruction of ultrasound images with enhanced SNR and imaging depth, without compromising frame rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107881"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145425020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the validity of Wood’s law: From bubbly media to liquid foams 论伍德定律的有效性：从气泡介质到液体泡沫。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107878

F. Delmotte , R.-M. Guillermic , V. Leroy , T. Brunet

We report on the acoustic properties of various bubbly gels and foams in order to test the validity of Wood’s law over a very wide range of gas concentration. By using a “double-syringe” technique, we obtain homogeneous mixtures of gas and liquid with controlled gas volume fractions ranging from 0 % to 100 %. The sound speed of acoustic waves propagating in these complex media is extracted from measurements performed at 20 kHz and reveals an excellent agreement with Wood’s prediction. Attenuation measurements also complete the acoustic characterization of these bubbly media and foams.

我们报告了各种气泡凝胶和泡沫的声学特性，以便在很宽的气体浓度范围内测试伍德定律的有效性。通过使用“双注射器”技术，我们获得均匀的气体和液体混合物，控制气体体积分数从0%到100%。声波在这些复杂介质中传播的声速是从20 kHz的测量中提取出来的，与Wood的预测非常吻合。衰减测量也完成了这些气泡介质和泡沫的声学特征。

引用次数: 0

Ultrasound-induced adiponectin release in subcutaneous adipose tissue: implications for obesity treatment 超声诱导的皮下脂肪组织脂联素释放：对肥胖治疗的影响。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107877

Tiba Alshammari , Omar Al-Dulaimi , Aleksandar Jeremic , Vesna Zderic

Background

Obesity affects more than one billion individuals worldwide and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and several cancers. In this study, we investigated a nonpharmacological, nonsurgical alternative obesity treatment via the use of low-intensity ultrasound-based therapy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of varying frequency and intensity parameters on inducing the release of the adipokine adiponectin, which is linked to many metabolic and anti-inflammatory processes.

Methods

Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) explants from healthy 7–8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were submerged in 5 mM glucose Krebs-Ringer buffer and exposed to continuous-wave ultrasound (400, 600, or 800 kHz; 0.3, 0.5, or 1.0 W/cm²; n = 6–9 per condition/sex), or were sham treated. Extracellular adiponectin levels were measured by ELISA at baseline, 5 min, and 30 min post-treatment. Histological integrity was assessed using H&E staining.

Results

The highest net adiponectin gain (Δ = t_30min – t_0min) occurred at 600 kHz and 0.3 W/cm², with a 162.4 × increase relative to sham (1674.0 ± 661.1 ng/mL; Tukey-adjusted p < 0.0001) at 30 min. At 400 kHz, 0.3 W/cm² increased secretion 10.7 × versus sham (110.3 ± 19.0 ng/mL; p < 0.001). At 800 kHz, a comparable effect required 1.0 W/cm² (200.6 ± 69.0 ng/mL; p < 0.0001), producing a 19.5 × increase. Female-derived tissue exhibited greater responsiveness than male-derived tissue at multiple intensities of 400 kHz and 800 kHz (p < 0.05). Histology confirmed preserved adipocyte morphology and absence of necrosis or inflammatory infiltration across conditions.

Conclusion

Within the tested range, these findings suggest that low-intensity ultrasound, particularly at 600 kHz and moderate intensities (0.3 and 0.5 W/cm²), enhanced adiponectin secretion without compromising tissue integrity. These findings support further investigation of ultrasound as a potential noninvasive strategy for modulating adipose endocrine function.

背景：肥胖影响着全球超过10亿人，并增加了2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、高血压和几种癌症的风险。在这项研究中，我们通过使用低强度超声治疗，研究了一种非药物、非手术的替代肥胖治疗方法。我们评估了不同频率和强度参数诱导脂肪因子脂联素释放的安全性和有效性，脂联素与许多代谢和抗炎过程有关。方法：将健康的7-8周龄Sprague-Dawley大鼠皮下脂肪组织（SAT）外植体浸泡在5mm葡萄糖克雷布-林格缓冲液中，并暴露于连续波超声（400、600或800 kHz； 0.3、0.5或1.0 W/cm2；每种情况/性别n = 6-9），或进行假处理。在基线、治疗后5分钟和30分钟用ELISA法测定细胞外脂联素水平。H&E染色评估组织完整性。结果：脂联素净增益最高（Δ = t30min - t0min）发生在600 kHz和0.3 W/cm2时，与假手术相比增加了162.4倍（1674.0±661.1 ng/mL）； tukey2调节的p 2比假手术增加了10.7倍（110.3±19.0 ng/mL）； p 2(200.6±69.0 ng/mL)；结论：在测试范围内，这些发现表明低强度超声，特别是在600 kHz和中等强度（0.3和0.5 W/cm2）时，增强了脂联素分泌，但不影响组织完整性。这些发现支持超声作为调节脂肪内分泌功能的潜在无创策略的进一步研究。

{"title":"Ultrasound-induced adiponectin release in subcutaneous adipose tissue: implications for obesity treatment","authors":"Tiba Alshammari , Omar Al-Dulaimi , Aleksandar Jeremic , Vesna Zderic","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity affects more than one billion individuals worldwide and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and several cancers. In this study, we investigated a nonpharmacological, nonsurgical alternative obesity treatment via the use of low-intensity ultrasound-based therapy. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of varying frequency and intensity parameters on inducing the release of the adipokine adiponectin, which is linked to many metabolic and anti-inflammatory processes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) explants from healthy 7–8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were submerged in 5 mM glucose Krebs-Ringer buffer and exposed to continuous-wave ultrasound (400, 600, or 800 kHz; 0.3, 0.5, or 1.0 W/cm<sup>2</sup>; <em>n</em> = 6–9 per condition/sex), or were sham treated. Extracellular adiponectin levels were measured by ELISA at baseline, 5 min, and 30 min post-treatment. Histological integrity was assessed using H&E staining.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The highest net adiponectin gain (Δ = t<sub>30min</sub> – t<sub>0min</sub>) occurred at 600 kHz and 0.3 W/cm<sup>2</sup>, with a 162.4 × increase relative to sham (1674.0 ± 661.1 ng/mL; Tukey-adjusted <em>p</em> < 0.0001) at 30 min. At 400 kHz, 0.3 W/cm<sup>2</sup> increased secretion 10.7 × versus sham (110.3 ± 19.0 ng/mL; <em>p</em> < 0.001). At 800 kHz, a comparable effect required 1.0 W/cm<sup>2</sup> (200.6 ± 69.0 ng/mL; <em>p</em> < 0.0001), producing a 19.5 × increase. Female-derived tissue exhibited greater responsiveness than male-derived tissue at multiple intensities of 400 kHz and 800 kHz (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Histology confirmed preserved adipocyte morphology and absence of necrosis or inflammatory infiltration across conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Within the tested range, these findings suggest that low-intensity ultrasound, particularly at 600 kHz and moderate intensities (0.3 and 0.5 W/cm<sup>2</sup>), enhanced adiponectin secretion without compromising tissue integrity. These findings support further investigation of ultrasound as a potential noninvasive strategy for modulating adipose endocrine function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107877"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-thermal ultrasound-guided fractionation of human leiomyosarcoma with boiling histotripsy: an ex vivo feasibility study 非热超声引导下平滑肌肉瘤沸水组织切片的离体可行性研究

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107876

Ekaterina Ponomarchuk , Sergey Tsysar , Anastasia Kvashennikova , Polina Pestova , Liliya Papikyan , Alexey Kadrev , Natalia Danilova , Pavel Malkov , Andrey Chernyaev , Sergey Buravkov , Vera Khokhlova

Objective

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a malignant very aggressive tumor, composed of cells exhibiting smooth muscle differentiation, and one of the most common types of soft tissue sarcomas. Here the feasibility of a non-invasive ultrasound-based approach for mechanical fractionation of human LMS, termed boiling histotripsy (BH), was evaluated ex vivo.

Methods

Three autopsy samples of human retroperitoneal LMS were subjected to stiffness measurements via shear wave elastography, followed by a volumetric BH treatment using a custom-made focused ultrasound transducer (1.5 MHz, 12 sectors, F# = 0.75) under diagnostic ultrasound guidance. Volumetric BH lesions (170–230 mm³) were produced in LMS samples through sonication over a 3D grid of foci (2–3 layers of 5 × 5 foci with 1–mm step) with 1 ms or 2 ms pulses delivered 150 or 80 times per focus with 1 % duty cycle (P+/P-/A_s = 167/-26/179 MPa in situ). BH sonications were performed within 14–20 min and corresponding BH-induced tissue damage was evaluated histologically with H&E staining.

Results

Stiffness of autopsy LMS tissue was within the broad range observed clinically. BH treatments were successfully planned and guided with diagnostic ultrasound. Complete liquefaction and cellular disruption of the target tumor volume with sharp boundaries between intact and fractionated tissue was confirmed histologically.

Conclusion

This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of boiling histotripsy for non-invasive ultrasound-guided mechanical fractionation of human LMS ex vivo, initiating further extended optimization studies.

目的平滑肌肉瘤（LMS）是一种具有很强侵袭性的恶性肿瘤，由表现为平滑肌分化的细胞组成，是最常见的软组织肉瘤类型之一。本研究评估了一种非侵入性超声方法对人LMS进行机械分离的可行性，该方法被称为煮沸组织切片法（BH）。方法通过横波弹性成像测量3例人腹膜后LMS尸检样本的刚度，然后在诊断超声引导下使用定制的聚焦超声换能器（1.5 MHz， 12扇区，f# = 0.75）进行体积BH处理。体积BH病变（170-230 mm3）在LMS样品中通过超声在三维焦点网格（2 - 3层5 × 5焦点，1毫米步进）上产生，1 ms或2 ms脉冲以1%占空比（P+/P-/As = 167/-26/179 MPa）每个焦点传递150或80次。在14-20分钟内进行BH超声检查，并用H&；E染色对相应的BH诱导组织损伤进行组织学评估。结果尸检LMS组织硬度在临床观察的范围内。成功地计划和指导诊断超声治疗BH。组织学上证实了目标肿瘤体积的完全液化和细胞破坏，完整组织和分离组织之间有明显的界限。结论本中试研究证明了煮沸组织法在超声引导下无创体外人LMS机械分离中的可行性，为进一步的扩展优化研究奠定了基础。

{"title":"Non-thermal ultrasound-guided fractionation of human leiomyosarcoma with boiling histotripsy: an ex vivo feasibility study","authors":"Ekaterina Ponomarchuk , Sergey Tsysar , Anastasia Kvashennikova , Polina Pestova , Liliya Papikyan , Alexey Kadrev , Natalia Danilova , Pavel Malkov , Andrey Chernyaev , Sergey Buravkov , Vera Khokhlova","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a malignant very aggressive tumor, composed of cells exhibiting smooth muscle differentiation, and one of the most common types of soft tissue sarcomas. Here the feasibility of a non-invasive ultrasound-based approach for mechanical fractionation of human LMS, termed <em>boiling histotripsy</em> (BH), was evaluated <em>ex vivo</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three autopsy samples of human retroperitoneal LMS were subjected to stiffness measurements <em>via</em> shear wave elastography, followed by a volumetric BH treatment using a custom-made focused ultrasound transducer (1.5 MHz, 12 sectors, <em>F</em># = 0.75) under diagnostic ultrasound guidance. Volumetric BH lesions (170–230 mm<sup>3</sup>) were produced in LMS samples through sonication over a 3D grid of foci (2–3 layers of 5 × 5 foci with 1–mm step) with 1 ms or 2 ms pulses delivered 150 or 80 times per focus with 1 % duty cycle (<em>P</em>+/<em>P</em>-/<em>A</em><sub>s</sub> = 167/-26/179 MPa <em>insitu</em>). BH sonications were performed within 14–20 min and corresponding BH-induced tissue damage was evaluated histologically with H&E staining.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Stiffness of autopsy LMS tissue was within the broad range observed clinically. BH treatments were successfully planned and guided with diagnostic ultrasound. Complete liquefaction and cellular disruption of the target tumor volume with sharp boundaries between intact and fractionated tissue was confirmed histologically.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of boiling histotripsy for non-invasive ultrasound-guided mechanical fractionation of human LMS <em>ex vivo</em>, initiating further extended optimization studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107876"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dispersion characteristics and mode conversion of guided waves in plate-like structures with arbitrarily varying thickness 任意变厚板状结构中导波的色散特性及模态转换。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107862

Xudong Yu , Hao Zhou , Zijian Zhang , Rong Qin , Peng Zuo , Mingxi Deng

Understanding explicitly the dispersion and mode conversion of guided waves in plates with varying thickness is crucial for enhancing the accuracy of guided wave tomography. While prior studies have examined dispersion in such structures, a unified framework that links evolving dispersion characteristics and modal conversion with adiabatic wave theory for arbitrary thickness variations remains absent. In this study, we systematically analyse thickness-dependent dispersion in tapered, stepped, and arbitrarily varying plates using finite element (FE) simulation, semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) calculation, and experiment. Our results confirm that local frequency-thickness product (

f d

) governs dispersion, with higher-order guided wave modes emerging when

f d

exceeds each mode’s cutoff. Symmetric thickness variations lead to intra-family conversions, while nonsymmetric configurations induce inter-family conversions. Moreover, we demonstrate that energy distribution among the converted guided wave modes strongly depends on the thickness gradient–gradual variations promote smooth, continuous energy transfer, whereas abrupt changes concentrate energy into fewer, higher-order modes. Finally, the introduction of a weighted time-distance mapping technique accurately compensates for dispersion effects, thereby validating our model. This work provides a solid foundation for future research on complex wave dynamics in structures with two-dimensional cross-sectional variations and advances guided wave tomography for engineering applications.

明确地了解导波在不同厚度板中的色散和模式转换对于提高导波层析成像的精度至关重要。虽然先前的研究已经研究了这种结构中的色散，但仍然缺乏一个统一的框架，将色散特性的演变和模态转换与任意厚度变化的绝热波理论联系起来。在这项研究中，我们使用有限元（FE）模拟、半解析有限元（SAFE）计算和实验系统地分析了锥形、阶梯式和任意变化板的厚度相关色散。我们的研究结果证实，局部频率-厚度积（fd）控制着色散，当fd超过每个模式的截止时，会出现高阶导波模式。对称的厚度变化导致族内转换，而非对称的厚度变化导致族间转换。此外，我们证明了转换导波模式之间的能量分布强烈依赖于厚度梯度-渐变变化促进平滑，连续的能量传递，而突变则将能量集中在较少的高阶模式中。最后，引入加权时间-距离映射技术准确地补偿了色散效应，从而验证了我们的模型。这项工作为未来研究具有二维截面变化的结构中的复杂波动力学提供了坚实的基础，并推进了导波层析成像的工程应用。

{"title":"Dispersion characteristics and mode conversion of guided waves in plate-like structures with arbitrarily varying thickness","authors":"Xudong Yu , Hao Zhou , Zijian Zhang , Rong Qin , Peng Zuo , Mingxi Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding explicitly the dispersion and mode conversion of guided waves in plates with varying thickness is crucial for enhancing the accuracy of guided wave tomography. While prior studies have examined dispersion in such structures, a unified framework that links evolving dispersion characteristics and modal conversion with adiabatic wave theory for arbitrary thickness variations remains absent. In this study, we systematically analyse thickness-dependent dispersion in tapered, stepped, and arbitrarily varying plates using finite element (FE) simulation, semi-analytical finite element (SAFE) calculation, and experiment. Our results confirm that local frequency-thickness product (<span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></math></span>) governs dispersion, with higher-order guided wave modes emerging when <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></math></span> exceeds each mode’s cutoff. Symmetric thickness variations lead to intra-family conversions, while nonsymmetric configurations induce inter-family conversions. Moreover, we demonstrate that energy distribution among the converted guided wave modes strongly depends on the thickness gradient–gradual variations promote smooth, continuous energy transfer, whereas abrupt changes concentrate energy into fewer, higher-order modes. Finally, the introduction of a weighted time-distance mapping technique accurately compensates for dispersion effects, thereby validating our model. This work provides a solid foundation for future research on complex wave dynamics in structures with two-dimensional cross-sectional variations and advances guided wave tomography for engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of ultrasonic de-icing mechanisms and efficiency under different ice thickness 不同冰厚下超声除冰机理及效果分析

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107873

Yunlong Lv, Qin Hu, Peng Sun, Shaobin Kang, Yujie Leng, Xingliang Jiang

Ultrasonic de-icing technology has shown extensive potential in aviation, wind power and other fields due to its high efficiency and environmentally friendly features. However, existing studies have not systematically explored the influence of ice thickness on de-icing effect, especially the propagation characteristics and de-icing mechanisms under thicker ice conditions have not been fully studied. Therefore, this paper firstly analyses the dispersion curves under different ice layer thicknesses to determine the optimized frequency range. Subsequently, the finite element analysis method is used to systematically study the amplitude-frequency response characteristics of ultrasonic wave, and it is demonstrated from the simulation level that ultrasonic waves could generate sufficient shear force to remove the ice layer. Finally, icing experiments are conducted in an artificial climate laboratory to verify the de-icing effect of ultrasound. The experimental results indicate that as the thickness of the ice layer increases from 1 mm to 6 mm, the resonant frequency of the system decreases and the interface damping increases, resulting in de-icing time rising from 364 s to 540 s. The research results provide important support for the theoretical development and engineering optimization of ultrasonic de-icing technology.

超声波除冰技术以其高效、环保的特点在航空、风电等领域显示出广泛的应用潜力。然而，现有的研究尚未系统地探讨冰厚对除冰效果的影响，特别是对冰厚条件下的传播特性和除冰机理的研究尚不充分。因此，本文首先分析了不同冰层厚度下的频散曲线，确定了优化的频率范围。随后，采用有限元分析方法系统地研究了超声波的幅频响应特性，从仿真层面论证了超声波能够产生足够的剪切力去除冰层。最后，在人工气候实验室进行了除冰实验，验证了超声波的除冰效果。实验结果表明，当冰层厚度从1 mm增加到6 mm时，系统谐振频率降低，界面阻尼增大，导致除冰时间从364 s增加到540 s。研究结果为超声除冰技术的理论发展和工程优化提供了重要支撑。

{"title":"Analysis of ultrasonic de-icing mechanisms and efficiency under different ice thickness","authors":"Yunlong Lv, Qin Hu, Peng Sun, Shaobin Kang, Yujie Leng, Xingliang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic de-icing technology has shown extensive potential in aviation, wind power and other fields due to its high efficiency and environmentally friendly features. However, existing studies have not systematically explored the influence of ice thickness on de-icing effect, especially the propagation characteristics and de-icing mechanisms under thicker ice conditions have not been fully studied. Therefore, this paper firstly analyses the dispersion curves under different ice layer thicknesses to determine the optimized frequency range. Subsequently, the finite element analysis method is used to systematically study the amplitude-frequency response characteristics of ultrasonic wave, and it is demonstrated from the simulation level that ultrasonic waves could generate sufficient shear force to remove the ice layer. Finally, icing experiments are conducted in an artificial climate laboratory to verify the de-icing effect of ultrasound. The experimental results indicate that as the thickness of the ice layer increases from 1 mm to 6 mm, the resonant frequency of the system decreases and the interface damping increases, resulting in de-icing time rising from 364 s to 540 s. The research results provide important support for the theoretical development and engineering optimization of ultrasonic de-icing technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107873"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145363811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wearable flexible ultrasonic transducers: materials, applications, and challenges 可穿戴柔性超声换能器：材料、应用和挑战。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107872

Lin Guo , Jing Liu , Ying Li , Ruixia Xu , Guangsheng Song , Jianan Wu , Zhihui Qian , Lei Ren , Luquan Ren , Qiang Zhou

Flexible Ultrasonic Transducers (FUTs) represent a rapidly evolving technology in wearable medical devices, enabling real-time, noninvasive, and continuous physiological monitoring on curved and moving body surfaces. By combining advanced piezoelectric materials with stretchable electrodes and soft encapsulation layers, FUTs overcome the limitations of traditional rigid transducers, including poor conformability, limited wearability, and the potential to cause pressure-induced deformation of the imaging target. This review first summarizes the working principles and typical architectures of FUTs, highlighting key material systems such as flexible substrates and electrodes, high-performance piezoelectric elements, flexible backing and matching layers, and electronic systems. It also summarizes the applications of FUTs in areas such as novel ultrasound diagnostic methods, ultrasonic treatment, advancing healthcare accessibility, and human–machine interaction. Finally, the paper discusses some of the technical challenges faced by FUTs and their corresponding future works, including long-term wearable performance, miniaturization, wireless capability, and the array element localization problem.

柔性超声换能器（FUTs）代表了可穿戴医疗设备中快速发展的技术，能够对弯曲和移动的身体表面进行实时、无创和连续的生理监测。通过将先进的压电材料与可拉伸电极和软封装层相结合，fut克服了传统刚性换能器的局限性，包括一致性差、耐磨性有限以及可能导致成像目标的压力诱导变形。本文首先总结了FUTs的工作原理和典型结构，重点介绍了柔性衬底和电极、高性能压电元件、柔性衬底和匹配层以及电子系统等关键材料系统。本文还总结了FUTs在新型超声诊断方法、超声治疗、提高医疗可及性和人机交互等领域的应用。最后，本文讨论了fut面临的一些技术挑战及其相应的未来工作，包括长期可穿戴性能、小型化、无线能力和阵列元件定位问题。

{"title":"Wearable flexible ultrasonic transducers: materials, applications, and challenges","authors":"Lin Guo , Jing Liu , Ying Li , Ruixia Xu , Guangsheng Song , Jianan Wu , Zhihui Qian , Lei Ren , Luquan Ren , Qiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107872","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible Ultrasonic Transducers (FUTs) represent a rapidly evolving technology in wearable medical devices, enabling real-time, noninvasive, and continuous physiological monitoring on curved and moving body surfaces. By combining advanced piezoelectric materials with stretchable electrodes and soft encapsulation layers, FUTs overcome the limitations of traditional rigid transducers, including poor conformability, limited wearability, and the potential to cause pressure-induced deformation of the imaging target. This review first summarizes the working principles and typical architectures of FUTs, highlighting key material systems such as flexible substrates and electrodes, high-performance piezoelectric elements, flexible backing and matching layers, and electronic systems. It also summarizes the applications of FUTs in areas such as novel ultrasound diagnostic methods, ultrasonic treatment, advancing healthcare accessibility, and human–machine interaction. Finally, the paper discusses some of the technical challenges faced by FUTs and their corresponding future works, including long-term wearable performance, miniaturization, wireless capability, and the array element localization problem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107872"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145402069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0