Ultrasonics最新文献_第9页

Contrast-Free Super-Resolution microvascular imaging through high frequency ultrasound imaging 通过高频超声成像实现无对比度超分辨率微血管成像。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107843

Cheng-Wei Li , Hsin Huang , Chih-Yang Lin , De-Quan Chen , Yi-Hsiang Chuang , Chien Chen , Chih-Chung Huang

An imaging technique called ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) has emerged as a means of achieving super-resolution microvascular imaging through localization and tracking of microbubbles (MBs) in blood vessels. However, the use of ULM in preclinical and clinical applications has presented challenges such as prolonged data acquisition times and specific MB injection requirements. To address this drawback, in the present study, erythrocyte ULM (eULM), a contrast-free method for microvascular imaging with a high spatiotemporal resolution that is based on ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), was proposed. This technique involves localizing and tracking erythrocytes rather than MBs to achieve super-resolution cerebrovascular imaging. To assess its performance, we conducted two conventional ULM procedures under identical conditions, comparing the image resolution and ability to the measure cerebrovascular hemodynamics of the conventional and proposed ULM procedures. The estimated spatial resolutions for eULM and conventional ULM were 7.3

μ m

and approximately 10–13

μ m

, respectively. eULM yielded satisfactory results with just 30-s data accumulation, whereas most ULM techniques typically require 1–10 min for data acquisition. eULM is an in vivo contrast-free ultrasound microvascular imaging method capable of achieving microscopic resolution for live organ imaging. This innovation holds promise as an invaluable diagnostic tool for various diseases that involve changes in microvascular blood flow, making it suitable for both preclinical and clinical applications due to its contrast-free imaging capabilities.

Keywrods: high frequnecy ultrasound imaging, super-resolution imaging, microvascular imaging, Doppler ultrasound, brain flow imaging.

超声定位显微镜（ULM）是一种通过定位和跟踪血管中的微泡（mb）实现超分辨率微血管成像的成像技术。然而，在临床前和临床应用中使用ULM带来了一些挑战，如延长数据采集时间和特定的MB注射要求。为了解决这一缺陷，本研究提出了一种基于超高频超声（HFUS）的无对比度微血管成像方法——红细胞ULM （eULM）。该技术包括定位和跟踪红细胞，而不是mb，以实现超分辨率脑血管成像。为了评估其性能，我们在相同的条件下进行了两种传统的ULM手术，比较了传统和拟议ULM手术的图像分辨率和测量脑血管血流动力学的能力。eULM和常规ULM的空间分辨率分别约为7.3 μm和10-13 μm。eULM仅用30秒的数据积累就产生了令人满意的结果，而大多数ULM技术通常需要1-10分钟的数据采集。eULM是一种体内无对比度超声微血管成像方法，能够实现活体器官成像的显微分辨率。这项创新有望成为涉及微血管血流变化的各种疾病的宝贵诊断工具，由于其无对比度成像能力，使其适合临床前和临床应用。关键词：高频超声成像，超分辨率成像，微血管成像，多普勒超声，脑血流成像

{"title":"Contrast-Free Super-Resolution microvascular imaging through high frequency ultrasound imaging","authors":"Cheng-Wei Li , Hsin Huang , Chih-Yang Lin , De-Quan Chen , Yi-Hsiang Chuang , Chien Chen , Chih-Chung Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An imaging technique called ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) has emerged as a means of achieving super-resolution microvascular imaging through localization and tracking of microbubbles (MBs) in blood vessels. However, the use of ULM in preclinical and clinical applications has presented challenges such as prolonged data acquisition times and specific MB injection requirements. To address this drawback, in the present study, erythrocyte ULM (eULM), a contrast-free method for microvascular imaging with a high spatiotemporal resolution that is based on ultra-high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS), was proposed. This technique involves localizing and tracking erythrocytes rather than MBs to achieve super-resolution cerebrovascular imaging. To assess its performance, we conducted two conventional ULM procedures under identical conditions, comparing the image resolution and ability to the measure cerebrovascular hemodynamics of the conventional and proposed ULM procedures. The estimated spatial resolutions for eULM and conventional ULM were 7.3 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> and approximately 10–13 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>, respectively. eULM yielded satisfactory results with just 30-s data accumulation, whereas most ULM techniques typically require 1–10 min for data acquisition. eULM is an in vivo contrast-free ultrasound microvascular imaging method capable of achieving microscopic resolution for live organ imaging. This innovation holds promise as an invaluable diagnostic tool for various diseases that involve changes in microvascular blood flow, making it suitable for both preclinical and clinical applications due to its contrast-free imaging capabilities.</div><div>Keywrods: high frequnecy ultrasound imaging, super-resolution imaging, microvascular imaging, Doppler ultrasound, brain flow imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107843"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145293831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Iterative coherence factor (iCF) beamforming method for ultrasound-based nondestructive testing 基于超声无损检测的迭代相干因子（iCF）波束形成方法。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107841

Lin Tong , Kunlin Wang , Peng Wang , Xiaobo Zhang , Xiaosong Li , Jue Wang , Sirui Chen , Ping Wang , Xiaowei Zhou

This paper proposes a statistical ultrasound beamforming method based on an iterative coherence factor (iCF) to enhance image contrast and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with low hardware cost. By leveraging the distribution characteristics of target and noise signals in nondestructive testing (NDT) and structural health monitoring (SHM), the method employs maximum likelihood and enhanced maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimations to iteratively optimize signal distribution parameters. This process continuously strengthens coherent image regions while effectively suppressing background noise, artifacts, and boundary reflections. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are demonstrated through comprehensive experimental validations, including inspections of steel structures, welds, rails guided by longitudinal waves, and carbon fiber-reinforced plate (CFRP) defect detection guided by Lamb waves. Experimental results show that the proposed iCF method significantly outperforms the traditional Delay-and-Sum (DAS) method, achieving over double increase in the imaging contrast and an improvement in SNR greater than 20 dB in both dense and sparse array configurations. In addition, the proposed method has a low computational burden and can easily replace the DAS method. The iterative coherence framework developed in this study has the potential to build up a novel technical route for future optimized signal modeling and parameter estimation in the field of NDT and SHM.

提出了一种基于迭代相干因子（iCF）的统计超声波束形成方法，以低硬件成本提高图像对比度和信噪比。该方法利用无损检测（NDT）和结构健康监测（SHM）中目标和噪声信号的分布特征，采用极大似然和增强最大后验（MAP）估计迭代优化信号分布参数。该过程不断增强相干图像区域，同时有效地抑制背景噪声，伪影和边界反射。通过纵向波引导下的钢结构、焊缝、钢轨检测以及Lamb波引导下的碳纤维增强板（CFRP）缺陷检测等综合实验验证了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性。实验结果表明，所提出的iCF方法明显优于传统的Delay-and-Sum （DAS）方法，在密集阵列和稀疏阵列配置下，成像对比度提高了一倍以上，信噪比提高了20 dB以上。此外，该方法计算量小，可以很容易地取代DAS方法。本研究开发的迭代相干框架有可能为未来无损检测和SHM领域的优化信号建模和参数估计建立新的技术路线。

{"title":"Iterative coherence factor (iCF) beamforming method for ultrasound-based nondestructive testing","authors":"Lin Tong , Kunlin Wang , Peng Wang , Xiaobo Zhang , Xiaosong Li , Jue Wang , Sirui Chen , Ping Wang , Xiaowei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a statistical ultrasound beamforming method based on an iterative coherence factor (iCF) to enhance image contrast and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with low hardware cost. By leveraging the distribution characteristics of target and noise signals in nondestructive testing (NDT) and structural health monitoring (SHM), the method employs maximum likelihood and enhanced maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimations to iteratively optimize signal distribution parameters. This process continuously strengthens coherent image regions while effectively suppressing background noise, artifacts, and boundary reflections. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method are demonstrated through comprehensive experimental validations, including inspections of steel structures, welds, rails guided by longitudinal waves, and carbon fiber-reinforced plate (CFRP) defect detection guided by Lamb waves. Experimental results show that the proposed iCF method significantly outperforms the traditional Delay-and-Sum (DAS) method, achieving over double increase in the imaging contrast and an improvement in SNR greater than 20 dB in both dense and sparse array configurations. In addition, the proposed method has a low computational burden and can easily replace the DAS method. The iterative coherence framework developed in this study has the potential to build up a novel technical route for future optimized signal modeling and parameter estimation in the field of NDT and SHM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexible ultrasonic transducer array with automatic phase calibration for arteriosclerosis detection 具有自动相位校准的柔性超声换能器阵列用于动脉硬化检测

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107850

He Sun , Chunyu Lv , Linfeng Wang , Mengying Xie , Zhoumo Zeng , Yang Liu

This study presents the development of a flexible ultrasonic transducer array with automatic phase calibration (FUT-APC) for high-resolution carotid artery imaging and continuous monitoring of vascular mechanical parameters. The transducer integrates element position sensing with real-time phase compensation, utilizing five flexible pressure sensors to reconstruct the curvature profile of the attached surface with a reconstruction error as low as 0.34 mm. The system maintains stable operation on complex curved surfaces, significantly improving imaging quality compared to conventional probes on bent or irregular geometries. A contact pressure visualization mechanism enables real-time monitoring of applied pressure, ensuring data consistency during long-term measurements. The FUT-APC has a center frequency of 4.6 MHz, a −6 dB focal width of 0.74 mm, and a bandwidth of 53 %. In phantom tests, the system achieved axial resolution better than 0.75 mm and lateral resolution better than 0.93 mm. In vivo testing successfully captured the dynamic diameter variations of the carotid arterial wall and, together with wall thickness measurements, enabled extraction of key mechanical parameters, including circumferential stress (83.1 kPa), strain (7.09 %), and static elastic modulus (1.17 MPa). The FUT-APC offers a wearable and accurate solution for early screening, risk assessment, and dynamic tracking of atherosclerosis.

本研究提出了一种具有自动相位校准（FUT-APC）的柔性超声换能器阵列，用于高分辨率颈动脉成像和血管力学参数的连续监测。该传感器集成了元件位置传感和实时相位补偿，利用5个柔性压力传感器重建附着面曲率轮廓，重建误差低至0.34 mm。该系统在复杂曲面上保持稳定运行，与传统探针在弯曲或不规则几何形状上相比，显著提高了成像质量。接触面压力可视化机制可以实时监控施加压力，确保长期测量期间数据的一致性。FUT-APC的中心频率为4.6 MHz， - 6 dB焦宽为0.74 mm，带宽为53%。在模体测试中，该系统的轴向分辨率优于0.75 mm，横向分辨率优于0.93 mm。体内测试成功捕获了颈动脉壁的动态直径变化，并与壁厚测量一起提取了关键的力学参数，包括周向应力（83.1 kPa）、应变（7.09%）和静态弹性模量（1.17 MPa）。FUT-APC为动脉粥样硬化的早期筛查、风险评估和动态跟踪提供了可穿戴和准确的解决方案。

{"title":"Flexible ultrasonic transducer array with automatic phase calibration for arteriosclerosis detection","authors":"He Sun , Chunyu Lv , Linfeng Wang , Mengying Xie , Zhoumo Zeng , Yang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the development of a flexible ultrasonic transducer array with automatic phase calibration (FUT-APC) for high-resolution carotid artery imaging and continuous monitoring of vascular mechanical parameters. The transducer integrates element position sensing with real-time phase compensation, utilizing five flexible pressure sensors to reconstruct the curvature profile of the attached surface with a reconstruction error as low as 0.34 mm. The system maintains stable operation on complex curved surfaces, significantly improving imaging quality compared to conventional probes on bent or irregular geometries. A contact pressure visualization mechanism enables real-time monitoring of applied pressure, ensuring data consistency during long-term measurements. The FUT-APC has a center frequency of 4.6 MHz, a −6 dB focal width of 0.74 mm, and a bandwidth of 53 %. In phantom tests, the system achieved axial resolution better than 0.75 mm and lateral resolution better than 0.93 mm. In vivo testing successfully captured the dynamic diameter variations of the carotid arterial wall and, together with wall thickness measurements, enabled extraction of key mechanical parameters, including circumferential stress (83.1 kPa), strain (7.09 %), and static elastic modulus (1.17 MPa). The FUT-APC offers a wearable and accurate solution for early screening, risk assessment, and dynamic tracking of atherosclerosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107850"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Noninvasive longitudinal assessment of early-stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy: In vivo diaphragm imaging in mdx mice 早期杜氏肌营养不良的无创纵向评估：mdx小鼠体内横膈膜成像。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107846

Jeehyun Lee , Nia O. Myrie , Woojin M. Han , Young C. Jang , Andrés J. García , Stanislav Emelianov

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration, with respiratory muscle weakness significantly impacting patient outcomes. Early detection of disease progression is critical for evaluating treatment strategies. This study investigates the feasibility of ultrasound shear wave elasticity imaging (US-SWEI) for assessing early-stage respiratory muscle changes in mdx mice, a model for DMD, aged 3 to 6 months. Longitudinal in vivo imaging evaluated the diaphragm’s viscoelastic properties, with group and phase velocities measured to capture biomechanical changes. In mdx mice, group velocity increased from

3.47 \pm 0.15 to 4.20 \pm 0.20 m/s

, whereas wild-type values changed only modestly

(2.76 \pm 0.11 to 3.01 \pm 0.16 m/s)

. Histological analysis confirmed a significant positive correlation between group velocity and collagen deposition

(R^{2} = 0.54, P = 0.025)

, supporting fibrosis as a primary factor driving changes in diaphragm viscoelastic properties. These findings establish US-SWEI as a noninvasive, feasible approach for monitoring respiratory muscle health and advancing preclinical DMD research. By identifying early-stage changes in diaphragm properties, this approach enables the development of therapeutic interventions targeting respiratory complications. Furthermore, US-SWEI presents a potential avenue for assessing and monitoring neuromuscular diseases.

杜氏肌营养不良症（DMD）以进行性肌肉变性为特征，呼吸肌无力显著影响患者预后。早期发现疾病进展对评估治疗策略至关重要。本研究探讨了超声剪切波弹性成像（US-SWEI）用于评估3至6个月龄mdx小鼠（DMD模型）早期呼吸肌变化的可行性。纵向体内成像评估膜片的粘弹性特性，通过测量群速度和相速度来捕捉生物力学变化。mdx小鼠组速度从3.47±0.15 m/s增加到4.20±0.20m/s，而野生型组速度变化不大（2.76±0.11 m/s到3.01±0.16m/s）。组织学分析证实，组速与胶原沉积之间存在显著正相关（R2=0.54，P=0.025），支持纤维化是驱动隔膜粘弹性变化的主要因素。这些发现确立了US-SWEI作为监测呼吸肌健康和推进临床前DMD研究的无创、可行的方法。通过识别膈膜特性的早期变化，这种方法能够开发针对呼吸系统并发症的治疗干预措施。此外，US-SWEI提供了评估和监测神经肌肉疾病的潜在途径。

{"title":"Noninvasive longitudinal assessment of early-stage Duchenne muscular dystrophy: In vivo diaphragm imaging in mdx mice","authors":"Jeehyun Lee , Nia O. Myrie , Woojin M. Han , Young C. Jang , Andrés J. García , Stanislav Emelianov","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is characterized by progressive muscle degeneration, with respiratory muscle weakness significantly impacting patient outcomes. Early detection of disease progression is critical for evaluating treatment strategies. This study investigates the feasibility of ultrasound shear wave elasticity imaging (US-SWEI) for assessing early-stage respiratory muscle changes in <em>mdx</em> mice, a model for DMD, aged 3 to 6 months. Longitudinal <em>in vivo</em> imaging evaluated the diaphragm’s viscoelastic properties, with group and phase velocities measured to capture biomechanical changes. In <em>mdx</em> mice, group velocity increased from <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>47</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>15</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>to</mtext><mspace></mspace><mn>4</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>20</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>20</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>m/s</mtext></mrow></math></span>, whereas wild-type values changed only modestly <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>76</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>11</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>to</mtext><mspace></mspace><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>01</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>16</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>m/s</mtext><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>. Histological analysis confirmed a significant positive correlation between group velocity and collagen deposition <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>54</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>P</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>025</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span>, supporting fibrosis as a primary factor driving changes in diaphragm viscoelastic properties. These findings establish US-SWEI as a noninvasive, feasible approach for monitoring respiratory muscle health and advancing preclinical DMD research. By identifying early-stage changes in diaphragm properties, this approach enables the development of therapeutic interventions targeting respiratory complications. Furthermore, US-SWEI presents a potential avenue for assessing and monitoring neuromuscular diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrasound localization microscopy lite (ULM lite): ultrasound localization microscopy with resource-efficient signal processing scheme 超声定位显微镜lite (ULM lite)：具有资源高效信号处理方案的超声定位显微镜。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107849

Hyojin Seong , Jinhwan Jung , Dongkyu Jung , Nizar Guezzi , Sangwoo Nam , Sangheon Lee , Muhammad Noman , Taehoon Her , Eungyeong Cho , Heechul Yoon , Taeyoung Lee , Jung Ho Hyun , Jaesok Yu

Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) is a groundbreaking, non-invasive imaging tool for monitoring vascular hemodynamics and neuronal activities in rodent models with exceptional spatial resolution. Despite its potential, the extensive data size required by the current ULM framework poses significant limitations to its broader applications. This study addresses these challenges by introducing sub-Nyquist sampling of the band-limited radio-frequency (RF) signals, a method designed to reduce resource demands while preserving image quality. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate the in vivo feasibility of the proposed method. Our results show that 67 % of band-limited signal images achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), comparable to those of conventional 200 % bandwidth signals. Even under stringent data reduction conditions, the proposed approach reduces the data size by approximately one-third without compromising image quality. These results highlight the potential of the proposed approach holds significant promise for enhancing the efficiency and practicality of ULM, facilitating the non-invasive visualization of deep neuronal activities with improved resource efficiency.

超声定位显微镜（ULM）是一种开创性的非侵入性成像工具，用于监测啮齿动物模型的血管血流动力学和神经元活动，具有特殊的空间分辨率。尽管具有潜力，但当前ULM框架所需的大量数据量对其更广泛的应用构成了重大限制。本研究通过引入带限射频（RF）信号的亚奈奎斯特采样来解决这些挑战，这种方法旨在减少资源需求，同时保持图像质量。在本研究中，我们通过实验证明了该方法在体内的可行性。我们的研究结果表明，67%的带限信号图像实现了高信噪比（SNR）和对比噪声比（CNR），与传统的200%带宽信号相当。即使在严格的数据缩减条件下，所提出的方法在不影响图像质量的情况下将数据大小减少了大约三分之一。这些结果突出了所提出的方法的潜力，在提高ULM的效率和实用性方面具有重要的前景，促进了深度神经元活动的非侵入性可视化，提高了资源效率。

{"title":"Ultrasound localization microscopy lite (ULM lite): ultrasound localization microscopy with resource-efficient signal processing scheme","authors":"Hyojin Seong , Jinhwan Jung , Dongkyu Jung , Nizar Guezzi , Sangwoo Nam , Sangheon Lee , Muhammad Noman , Taehoon Her , Eungyeong Cho , Heechul Yoon , Taeyoung Lee , Jung Ho Hyun , Jaesok Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) is a groundbreaking, non-invasive imaging tool for monitoring vascular hemodynamics and neuronal activities in rodent models with exceptional spatial resolution. Despite its potential, the extensive data size required by the current ULM framework poses significant limitations to its broader applications. This study addresses these challenges by introducing sub-Nyquist sampling of the band-limited radio-frequency (RF) signals, a method designed to reduce resource demands while preserving image quality. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate the <em>in vivo</em> feasibility of the proposed method. Our results show that 67 % of band-limited signal images achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), comparable to those of conventional 200 % bandwidth signals. Even under stringent data reduction conditions, the proposed approach reduces the data size by approximately one-third without compromising image quality. These results highlight the potential of the proposed approach holds significant promise for enhancing the efficiency and practicality of ULM, facilitating the non-invasive visualization of deep neuronal activities with improved resource efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107849"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation and experimental studies on the hydrodynamic behavior and induced erosion characteristics of ultrasonic cavitation 超声空化水动力特性及诱导冲蚀特性的仿真与实验研究。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107851

Chenwei Dai , Xingwang Chen , Qing Miao , Zhen Yin , Ming Zhang , Jiajia Chen

Ultrasonic cavitation has garnered extensive attention for its potential in surface modification due to its characteristics such as microjet impingement and high-pressure shockwaves generated during bubble collapse. Although the collapse dynamics of a single bubble have been widely examined, researches on the global fluid behavior remains insufficient. This study establishes a numerical model of ultrasonic cavitation with the aim of systematically examining how ultrasonic amplitude, ultrasonic frequency and standoff distance affect the bubble distribution and the absolute pressure in the fluid domain. On this basis, experiments were also conducted using a self-developed ultrasonic vibration device to investigate the cavitation erosion on aluminum alloy by measuring the surface morphology and roughness. The results show that the cavitation bubbles are primarily distributed within 0.7 mm beneath the tool end, reaching a peak absolute pressure of 4.22 MPa when the standoff distance is 1 mm. When the ultrasonic amplitude is increased, the peak absolute pressure is enlarged from 0.74 MPa to 3.53 MPa, the peak vapor volume fraction is increased from 6.5 % to 34.8 %, and the surface roughness of eroded workpiece is raised from 0.110 μm to 1.013 μm, with surface morphology evolving from microscopic pits to large-scale material removal. The vapor volume fraction reaches the maximum value of 97 % at a standoff distance of 0.25 mm, but sharply decreases to 0.08 % at 2 mm. The workpiece is most severely eroded to the largest roughness of 1.013 μm at the standoff distance of 0.5 mm. When the ultrasonic frequency is brought up, the peak absolute pressure is progressively increased, but the peak vapor volume fraction is diminished with accelerated change rate. Low-frequency ultrasonic vibration produces stronger impacts by fewer large bubbles, whereas high-frequency ultrasonic vibration generates weaker impacts by numerous small bubbles. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate strong agreement with each other, which provides deeper insights into the erosion mechanisms induced by ultrasonic cavitation. This article will enrich the fundamental theory of ultrasonic cavitation and provides theoretical support and guidance for material modification using ultrasonic cavitation.

超声空化由于其具有微射流冲击和气泡破裂时产生的高压冲击波等特点，在表面改性方面具有广阔的应用前景。虽然单个气泡的崩溃动力学已经得到了广泛的研究，但对整体流体行为的研究仍然不足。本研究建立了超声空化的数值模型，旨在系统地研究超声振幅、超声频率和间隔距离对流体域中气泡分布和绝对压力的影响。在此基础上，利用自行研制的超声振动装置，通过对铝合金表面形貌和粗糙度的测量，研究了铝合金的空化侵蚀。结果表明：空化气泡主要分布在刀端下方0.7 mm范围内，当空化距离为1 mm时，绝对压力峰值为4.22 MPa；当超声振幅增大时，峰值绝对压力从0.74 MPa增大到3.53 MPa，峰值蒸汽体积分数从6.5%增大到34.8%，腐蚀工件表面粗糙度从0.110 μm提高到1.013 μm，表面形貌从微观凹坑向大规模材料去除演变。蒸汽体积分数在距离为0.25 mm时达到最大值97%，但在距离为2 mm时急剧下降至0.08%。工件在0.5 mm处腐蚀最严重，粗糙度最大，为1.013 μm。随着超声频率的提高，峰值绝对压力逐渐增大，峰值蒸汽体积分数随变化率的加快而减小。低频超声振动通过较少的大气泡产生较强的冲击，而高频超声振动通过大量的小气泡产生较弱的冲击。仿真结果与实验结果吻合较好，为超声空化腐蚀机理的研究提供了新的思路。本文将丰富超声空化的基础理论，为超声空化改性材料提供理论支持和指导。

{"title":"Simulation and experimental studies on the hydrodynamic behavior and induced erosion characteristics of ultrasonic cavitation","authors":"Chenwei Dai , Xingwang Chen , Qing Miao , Zhen Yin , Ming Zhang , Jiajia Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic cavitation has garnered extensive attention for its potential in surface modification due to its characteristics such as microjet impingement and high-pressure shockwaves generated during bubble collapse. Although the collapse dynamics of a single bubble have been widely examined, researches on the global fluid behavior remains insufficient. This study establishes a numerical model of ultrasonic cavitation with the aim of systematically examining how ultrasonic amplitude, ultrasonic frequency and standoff distance affect the bubble distribution and the absolute pressure in the fluid domain. On this basis, experiments were also conducted using a self-developed ultrasonic vibration device to investigate the cavitation erosion on aluminum alloy by measuring the surface morphology and roughness. The results show that the cavitation bubbles are primarily distributed within 0.7 mm beneath the tool end, reaching a peak absolute pressure of 4.22 MPa when the standoff distance is 1 mm. When the ultrasonic amplitude is increased, the peak absolute pressure is enlarged from 0.74 MPa to 3.53 MPa, the peak vapor volume fraction is increased from 6.5 % to 34.8 %, and the surface roughness of eroded workpiece is raised from 0.110 μm to 1.013 μm, with surface morphology evolving from microscopic pits to large-scale material removal. The vapor volume fraction reaches the maximum value of 97 % at a standoff distance of 0.25 mm, but sharply decreases to 0.08 % at 2 mm. The workpiece is most severely eroded to the largest roughness of 1.013 μm at the standoff distance of 0.5 mm. When the ultrasonic frequency is brought up, the peak absolute pressure is progressively increased, but the peak vapor volume fraction is diminished with accelerated change rate. Low-frequency ultrasonic vibration produces stronger impacts by fewer large bubbles, whereas high-frequency ultrasonic vibration generates weaker impacts by numerous small bubbles. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate strong agreement with each other, which provides deeper insights into the erosion mechanisms induced by ultrasonic cavitation. This article will enrich the fundamental theory of ultrasonic cavitation and provides theoretical support and guidance for material modification using ultrasonic cavitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107851"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145293855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

S0 Lamb wave scattering in plate structures using physics-enhanced TransUNet 基于物理增强TransUNet的板结构Lamb波散射

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107852

Linfeng Wang , Hongyan Zhang , Zhen Zhang , He Sun , Xiao Ying , Jing Hou , Jian Li , Zhoumo Zeng , Yang Liu

Lamb wave scattering offers valuable insights into material properties, defect characteristics, and wave propagation behaviors, making it a prominent research topic in the fields of non-destructive testing and structural health monitoring. Analytical methods, while offering theoretical analysis, are often limited to simple defect geometries and homogeneous media. Numerical methods such as the boundary element method and hybrid techniques can handle complex structures but suffer from computational costs, particularly at high frequencies due to the need for fine discretization. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes a physics-enhanced TransUNet (PTUNet) for solving the scattered wavefield of S0 Lamb waves in plate structures with irregular defects. PTUNet combines the local feature extraction capability with the global modeling capacity while employing finite difference approach to incorporate the Kirchhoff-Love plate theory as a physical constraint. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through numerical simulations on random defects and experimental measurements using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer on a 1.5 mm-thick aluminum plate. The results demonstrate that PTUNet accurately predicts wave propagation, mode conversion, and intricate scattering characteristics, achieving reasonable agreement with both finite element simulations and experimental observations. PTUNet presents a promising approach for wavefield modeling and defect characterization, with potential applications in acoustic scattering problems.

兰姆波散射为材料性能、缺陷特征和波传播行为提供了有价值的见解，使其成为无损检测和结构健康监测领域的重要研究课题。分析方法虽然提供理论分析，但往往局限于简单的缺陷几何形状和均匀介质。边界元法和混合技术等数值方法可以处理复杂的结构，但计算成本高，特别是在高频时，由于需要精细离散化。为了克服这些挑战，本研究提出了一种物理增强的TransUNet (PTUNet)，用于求解具有不规则缺陷的板结构中50 Lamb波的散射波场。PTUNet将局部特征提取能力与全局建模能力相结合，并采用有限差分方法将Kirchhoff-Love板理论作为物理约束。通过对随机缺陷的数值模拟和1.5 mm厚铝板扫描激光多普勒振动仪的实验测量，验证了该方法的有效性。结果表明，PTUNet能够准确地预测波的传播、模式转换和复杂的散射特性，与有限元模拟和实验观测结果基本吻合。PTUNet为波场建模和缺陷表征提供了一种很有前途的方法，在声散射问题中具有潜在的应用前景。

{"title":"S0 Lamb wave scattering in plate structures using physics-enhanced TransUNet","authors":"Linfeng Wang , Hongyan Zhang , Zhen Zhang , He Sun , Xiao Ying , Jing Hou , Jian Li , Zhoumo Zeng , Yang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lamb wave scattering offers valuable insights into material properties, defect characteristics, and wave propagation behaviors, making it a prominent research topic in the fields of non-destructive testing and structural health monitoring. Analytical methods, while offering theoretical analysis, are often limited to simple defect geometries and homogeneous media. Numerical methods such as the boundary element method and hybrid techniques can handle complex structures but suffer from computational costs, particularly at high frequencies due to the need for fine discretization. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes a physics-enhanced TransUNet (PTUNet) for solving the scattered wavefield of S0 Lamb waves in plate structures with irregular defects. PTUNet combines the local feature extraction capability with the global modeling capacity while employing finite difference approach to incorporate the Kirchhoff-Love plate theory as a physical constraint. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through numerical simulations on random defects and experimental measurements using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer on a 1.5 mm-thick aluminum plate. The results demonstrate that PTUNet accurately predicts wave propagation, mode conversion, and intricate scattering characteristics, achieving reasonable agreement with both finite element simulations and experimental observations. PTUNet presents a promising approach for wavefield modeling and defect characterization, with potential applications in acoustic scattering problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107852"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrasonic total focusing imaging of wrinkles in composites with maximum eigenvalue vector coherence factor weighting 最大特征值矢量相干因子加权复合材料褶皱超声全聚焦成像

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107847

Hui Zhang , Haiyan Zhang , Qi Zhu , Jinfeng Si , Junhui Zhao , Mengyao Zhang , Yiting Chen , Yizhen Huang , Guanyu Piao

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites play a critical role in key industries including aerospace and automotive, and transportation. However, internal wrinkles compromise their structural performance. Nondestructive testing techniques play a vital role in the detection and evaluation of structural failures in FRP composites. The total focusing method (TFM), which utilizes ultrasonic data acquired in full matrix capture (FMC) mode, offers superior resolution compared with conventional phased array methods. However, it performs poorly for internal wrinkles detection, as the weak echoes caused by wrinkles are ofen overlapped with interlayer reflections, mechanical noises and multiple reflection waves. In this paper, a maximum eigenvalue vector coherence factor (MEVCF) weighted TFM is proposed to quantify the wrinkle geometry. Wrinkle angle information is extracted using the structural tensor-based image processing method. The signal phase concentration and the eigenvalue size are jointly applied to measure the phase information validity, thereby enhancing the continuity of the fiber ply. On this basis, a beam focusing deflection angle threshold is processed to effectively suppress the background noises and improve the imaging quality. Experimental results show that the texture clarity and image contrast are improved by approximately 18% and 43% compared with VCF, respectively. Meanwhile, the structural tensor method is less sensitive to noises compared with the gradient operator method. The fiber ply orientation can be accurately captured, enabling the quantitative assessment of wrinkle severity.

纤维增强聚合物（FRP）复合材料在航空航天、汽车和交通运输等关键行业中发挥着关键作用。然而，内部褶皱会影响它们的结构性能。无损检测技术在FRP复合材料结构失效检测和评价中起着至关重要的作用。与传统的相控阵方法相比，全聚焦方法（TFM）利用全矩阵捕获（FMC）模式下获取的超声波数据，具有更高的分辨率。然而，由于褶皱引起的微弱回波往往与层间反射、机械噪声和多重反射波重叠，因此在检测内部褶皱时性能较差。本文提出了一种最大特征值向量相干因子（MEVCF）加权TFM来量化褶皱几何。采用基于结构张量的图像处理方法提取皱纹角度信息。利用信号的相位浓度和特征值大小来衡量相位信息的有效性，从而增强了光纤层的连续性。在此基础上，对光束聚焦偏转角度进行阈值处理，有效抑制背景噪声，提高成像质量。实验结果表明，与VCF相比，纹理清晰度和图像对比度分别提高了约18%和43%。同时，与梯度算子法相比，结构张量法对噪声的敏感性较低。纤维层向可以准确捕获，使皱纹严重程度的定量评估。

{"title":"Ultrasonic total focusing imaging of wrinkles in composites with maximum eigenvalue vector coherence factor weighting","authors":"Hui Zhang , Haiyan Zhang , Qi Zhu , Jinfeng Si , Junhui Zhao , Mengyao Zhang , Yiting Chen , Yizhen Huang , Guanyu Piao","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites play a critical role in key industries including aerospace and automotive, and transportation. However, internal wrinkles compromise their structural performance. Nondestructive testing techniques play a vital role in the detection and evaluation of structural failures in FRP composites. The total focusing method (TFM), which utilizes ultrasonic data acquired in full matrix capture (FMC) mode, offers superior resolution compared with conventional phased array methods. However, it performs poorly for internal wrinkles detection, as the weak echoes caused by wrinkles are ofen overlapped with interlayer reflections, mechanical noises and multiple reflection waves. In this paper, a maximum eigenvalue vector coherence factor (MEVCF) weighted TFM is proposed to quantify the wrinkle geometry. Wrinkle angle information is extracted using the structural tensor-based image processing method. The signal phase concentration and the eigenvalue size are jointly applied to measure the phase information validity, thereby enhancing the continuity of the fiber ply. On this basis, a beam focusing deflection angle threshold is processed to effectively suppress the background noises and improve the imaging quality. Experimental results show that the texture clarity and image contrast are improved by approximately 18% and 43% compared with VCF, respectively. Meanwhile, the structural tensor method is less sensitive to noises compared with the gradient operator method. The fiber ply orientation can be accurately captured, enabling the quantitative assessment of wrinkle severity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107847"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rapid skull decalcification for improved ultrasound transmission in brain imaging and histotripsy: A proof-of-concept study in rat 快速颅骨脱钙改善脑成像和组织切片的超声传输：一项大鼠概念验证研究

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107859

Thomas G Landry , Alyssa N Forbes , Jeremy A Brown

Ultrasound imaging and therapy of the brain is impeded by the reflection and attenuation characteristics of the skull, especially for high frequency imaging. In this study, the potential utility of surgically thinning and chemically decalcifying a region of skull bone was explored acutely in rats in vivo. It was found that thinning the skull to approximately 35 μm thickness and decalcifying with 20 % ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for at least 30 min effectively rendered the treated bone acoustically transparent for 5.4 MHz ultrasound therapy (histotripsy) signals and for 30 MHz ultrasound imaging signals. Simultaneous low intensity 1 MHz sonication of the site accelerated the process to achieve skull transparency levels at 15 min that were similar to 30 min without sonication. There was histological evidence of tissue damage caused by EDTA solution on the surface of the brain, depending on treatment duration. The long-term significance of this tissue effect and the longevity of the ultrasound transmission improvement are not yet clear.

颅骨的反射和衰减特性阻碍了脑的超声成像和治疗，特别是高频成像。在这项研究中，在大鼠体内对颅骨区域进行手术减薄和化学脱钙的潜在效用进行了急性探索。研究发现，将颅骨厚度减薄至约35 μm，并用20%的乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）脱钙至少30分钟，可以有效地使处理后的骨在5.4 MHz超声治疗（组织切片）信号和30 MHz超声成像信号下透明。同时对该部位进行低强度1 MHz超声处理，可在15分钟内达到与不超声处理30分钟相似的颅骨透明度水平。有组织学证据表明，EDTA溶液在脑表面引起组织损伤，这取决于治疗时间。这种组织效应的长期意义和超声透射改善的寿命尚不清楚。

{"title":"Rapid skull decalcification for improved ultrasound transmission in brain imaging and histotripsy: A proof-of-concept study in rat","authors":"Thomas G Landry , Alyssa N Forbes , Jeremy A Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound imaging and therapy of the brain is impeded by the reflection and attenuation characteristics of the skull, especially for high frequency imaging. In this study, the potential utility of surgically thinning and chemically decalcifying a region of skull bone was explored acutely in rats in vivo. It was found that thinning the skull to approximately 35 μm thickness and decalcifying with 20 % ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for at least 30 min effectively rendered the treated bone acoustically transparent for 5.4 MHz ultrasound therapy (histotripsy) signals and for 30 MHz ultrasound imaging signals. Simultaneous low intensity 1 MHz sonication of the site accelerated the process to achieve skull transparency levels at 15 min that were similar to 30 min without sonication. There was histological evidence of tissue damage caused by EDTA solution on the surface of the brain, depending on treatment duration. The long-term significance of this tissue effect and the longevity of the ultrasound transmission improvement are not yet clear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107859"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating bone density with ultrasonic backscatter: Leveraging time-frequency analyses and convolutional neural networks 利用超声后向散射评估骨密度：利用时频分析和卷积神经网络

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107845

Hugh E. Ferguson , Carl D. Herickhoff , Ann M. Viano , Brent K. Hoffmeister

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk. This study proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN) method for detecting changes in bone density using spectrograms or scalograms generated from ultrasonic backscatter signals of 55 human cancellous bone specimens from the proximal femur. After applying a simple grid search to optimize three CNN hyperparameters (learning rate, batch size, and number of epochs), the CNN model was able to accurately determine bone density from the ultrasound data. Linear regression analysis revealed strong correlations between the densities predicted by the CNN model and the actual densities of the specimens (R² = 0.98 and R² = 0.94 for the spectrogram and scalogram inputs, respectively) with a slope close to one in both cases. These results suggest that a CNN model based on spectrograms and scalograms derived from ultrasonic backscatter signals from cancellous bone may provide a sensitive method for detecting osteoporotic changes in bone, outperforming conventional backscatter methods. Spectrograms are found to offer slightly better performance than scalograms as the CNN model input. The performance of the CNN model is robust, exhibiting little dependence on fine-tuning of the hyperparameters and the size of the training set.

骨质疏松症是一种以骨密度降低和骨折风险增加为特征的疾病。本研究提出了一种卷积神经网络（CNN）方法，利用来自股骨近端55个人类松质骨标本的超声后向散射信号产生的频谱图或尺度图来检测骨密度的变化。在应用简单的网格搜索优化三个CNN超参数（学习率、批大小和epoch数）后，CNN模型能够从超声数据中准确地确定骨密度。线性回归分析显示，CNN模型预测的密度与样品的实际密度之间存在较强的相关性（光谱图和尺度图输入的R2分别为0.98和0.94），两者的斜率均接近1。这些结果表明，基于来自松质骨的超声后向散射信号的频谱图和尺度图的CNN模型可以提供一种灵敏的方法来检测骨骼的骨质疏松变化，优于传统的后向散射方法。作为CNN模型输入，谱图的性能比尺度图稍好。CNN模型的性能是鲁棒的，表现出对超参数微调和训练集大小的依赖性很小。

{"title":"Evaluating bone density with ultrasonic backscatter: Leveraging time-frequency analyses and convolutional neural networks","authors":"Hugh E. Ferguson , Carl D. Herickhoff , Ann M. Viano , Brent K. Hoffmeister","doi":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk. This study proposes a convolutional neural network (CNN) method for detecting changes in bone density using spectrograms or scalograms generated from ultrasonic backscatter signals of 55 human cancellous bone specimens from the proximal femur. After applying a simple grid search to optimize three CNN hyperparameters (learning rate, batch size, and number of epochs), the CNN model was able to accurately determine bone density from the ultrasound data. Linear regression analysis revealed strong correlations between the densities predicted by the CNN model and the actual densities of the specimens (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.98 and <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.94 for the spectrogram and scalogram inputs, respectively) with a slope close to one in both cases. These results suggest that a CNN model based on spectrograms and scalograms derived from ultrasonic backscatter signals from cancellous bone may provide a sensitive method for detecting osteoporotic changes in bone, outperforming conventional backscatter methods. Spectrograms are found to offer slightly better performance than scalograms as the CNN model input. The performance of the CNN model is robust, exhibiting little dependence on fine-tuning of the hyperparameters and the size of the training set.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23522,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasonics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 107845"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145270899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0