Ultrasonics最新文献_第9页

Cardiovascular pulsing-based ultrasound strain imaging with deep learning using paired proximal and distal strain sequences for liver fibrosis detection: a feasibility study 基于心血管脉冲的超声应变成像与深度学习，使用配对近端和远端应变序列进行肝纤维化检测：可行性研究

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107936

Hsien-Jung Chan , Chun-Hao Lu , Chiao-Yin Wang , Bao-Yu Hsieh , Chih-Kuang Yeh , Dar-In Tai , Po-Hsiang Tsui

Accurate assessment of liver fibrosis in the left liver lobe remains clinically challenging due to motion artifacts that compromise the reliability of shear wave elastography. This feasibility study introduces cardiovascular pulsing-based ultrasound strain imaging (CPUSI) integrated with deep learning, employing dual strain sequence strategies to assess its potential for detecting liver fibrosis in the left hepatic lobe by leveraging intrinsic cardiac motion. A total of 104 patients was enrolled for ultrasound image acquisition, which included B–mode imaging, acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI), and FibroScan measurements. The dataset was also used for CPUSI generation, extraction of proximal (cardiac-wall) and distal (intrahepatic) strain sequences, and calculation of strain metrics, including time-averaged strain (TAS) and the distal-to-proximal strain ratio (DPSR). Five deep learning models, namely recurrent neural network (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), gated recurrent unit (GRU), transformer, and temporal convolutional network (TCN), were trained using paired proximal and distal strain sequences to classify liver fibrosis stages, with histopathology serving as the reference standard. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using independent t-tests and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). CPUSI-derived TAS and DPSR significantly differentiated early-stage (F0–F1) from advanced-stage (F2–F4) fibrosis (p < 0.05). ARFI, FibroScan, CPUSI-derived strain metrics (TAS and DPSR), and the CPUSI-based deep learning framework using dual strain sequences achieved AUROC values of 0.83, 0.82, 0.72–0.73, and 0.95, respectively, with the highest performance observed for the LSTM model. The proposed CPUSI–deep learning framework offers a feasible noninvasive approach for left-lobe fibrosis assessment and may serve as a complementary tool to right-lobe-based elastography. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted.

由于运动伪影影响剪切波弹性成像的可靠性，左肝叶肝纤维化的准确评估在临床上仍然具有挑战性。本可行性研究将基于心血管脉冲的超声应变成像（CPUSI）与深度学习相结合，采用双应变序列策略，通过利用心脏固有运动来评估其检测左肝叶肝纤维化的潜力。共有104例患者入组进行超声图像采集，包括b模式成像、声辐射力脉冲成像（ARFI）和纤维扫描测量。该数据集还用于CPUSI生成，提取近端（心壁）和远端（肝内）应变序列，并计算应变指标，包括时间平均应变（TAS）和远端至近端应变比（DPSR）。采用配对的近端和远端应变序列训练5个深度学习模型，即递归神经网络（RNN）、长短期记忆（LSTM）、门控递归单元（GRU）、变压器（transformer）和时间卷积网络（TCN），以组织病理学为参考标准对肝纤维化分期进行分类。采用独立t检验和受试者工作特征曲线下面积（AUROC）评价诊断效果。cpsi衍生的TAS和DPSR显著区分早期（F0-F1）和晚期（F2-F4）纤维化（p < 0.05）。ARFI、FibroScan、cpsi衍生应变指标（TAS和DPSR）以及基于cpsi的深度学习框架使用双应变序列的AUROC值分别为0.83、0.82、0.72-0.73和0.95，其中LSTM模型的AUROC值最高。提出的cpsi -深度学习框架为左叶纤维化评估提供了一种可行的无创方法，可以作为基于右叶弹性成像的补充工具。有必要进行更大规模的进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced Flow Detection through a Steel Barrier using Doppler Ultrasound: a Numerical and Experimental Study 利用多普勒超声增强通过钢屏障的流量检测：数值和实验研究。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107922

Andreas Sørbrøden Talberg , Cristiana Golfetto , Tonni Franke Johansen , Jørgen Avdal , Ingvild Kinn Ekroll , Hefeng Dong , Svein-Erik Måsøy

Uncontrolled leakages of hydrocarbons from oil and gas wells can have vast environmental consequences and lead to huge costs for the companies responsible. Thus, preventing and detecting potential leakages in wells is of great importance. In this work, Doppler ultrasound was used for the detection of flow behind steel to help assess the integrity of oil and gas wells. The main goal was to enhance flow detection with Doppler ultrasound through steel by improving the beamforming of the ultrasonic pulse. A naive beamforming approach assuming the medium to be homogeneous was compared to a ray tracing based beamforming algorithm, both in a numerical study and in an experimental setup. Simulations showed a 5 dB increase of the peak amplitude when taking refraction in the steel into account by applying the ray tracing based beamforming. In addition, the targeted focus was hit with a narrower, more precisely controlled beam on the far side of the steel layer. These two beamforming techniques were then employed and compared for flow detection behind steel in an experimental setup. Two cases were investigated, low velocity and high velocity, using three different transmit voltages for each velocity. Pulsed wave Doppler spectra were displayed, and the ratio between the flow signal power averaged over a range of frequencies was calculated. An increase of 3-4 dB was observed using the ray tracing technique, showing enhanced flow detection compared to the naive technique.

油气井中碳氢化合物不受控制的泄漏会造成巨大的环境后果，并给相关公司带来巨大的成本。因此，预防和检测井中潜在的泄漏具有重要意义。在这项工作中，多普勒超声用于检测钢后流动，以帮助评估油气井的完整性。主要目标是通过改进超声脉冲的波束形成来增强多普勒超声通过钢的流量检测。在数值研究和实验设置中，将假设介质均匀的朴素波束形成方法与基于光线追踪的波束形成算法进行了比较。仿真结果表明，采用射线追踪波束形成技术，考虑了钢材的折射作用，波束峰值幅度提高了5 dB。此外，目标焦点被钢层远端的更窄、更精确控制的光束击中。这两种波束形成技术随后在实验装置中用于钢背后的流量检测并进行了比较。研究了低速和高速两种情况，每种速度使用三种不同的传输电压。显示脉冲波的多普勒频谱，并计算在一定频率范围内流信号功率的平均值之比。使用射线追踪技术观察到3-4 dB的增加，与原始技术相比，显示出增强的流量检测。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical characterization of quasi-longitudinal and quasi-shear waves in anisotropic polycrystalline microstructures with elongation and texture 具有伸长率和织构的各向异性多晶微结构中准纵波和准横波的数值表征。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107935

Vincent Dorval , Nicolas Leymarie , Alexandre Imperiale , Edouard Demaldent , Pierre-Emile Lhuillier

Texture and grain elongation can occur in metallic microstructures due to various manufacturing processes, such as welding or rolling deformation. These microstructural characteristics generally lead to anisotropic macroscopic properties to which ultrasonic waves are particularly sensitive. It is therefore interesting to predict not only the speed but also the attenuation of these waves as a function of these microstructural properties. Finite Element Method has been applied to that aim in various works, mainly in the case of isotropic microstructures. Anisotropic microstructures raise specific challenges, including the random generation of samples, the handling of boundary effects, and the analysis of anisotropic modes. This communication details a method that addresses them. Results are presented for microstructures with elongation, texture, or both. Comparisons to analytical models are also provided.

由于各种制造工艺，如焊接或轧制变形，金属微结构中可能出现织构和晶粒伸长。这些微观结构特征通常导致超声波特别敏感的各向异性宏观特性。因此，不仅要预测这些波的速度，而且要预测这些波的衰减作为这些微观结构特性的函数，这是很有趣的。有限元方法已在各种工作中应用于这一目标，主要是在各向同性微结构的情况下。各向异性微结构提出了具体的挑战，包括随机生成样品，边界效应的处理，以及各向异性模式的分析。此通信详细说明了解决它们的方法。结果呈现的微观结构与伸长，纹理，或两者兼而有之。还提供了与分析模型的比较。

引用次数: 0

Pressure and not spatial average temporal average intensity governs mechanosensitive responses of osteoblast-like cells exposed to low intensity pulsed ultrasound 压力而非空间平均时间平均强度决定了成骨细胞样细胞暴露于低强度脉冲超声下的机械敏感反应

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107945

Andrea Orthodoxou, Margaret Lucas, Helen Mulvana

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is approved to promote healing in non-union bone fractures in the UK (NICE) and USA (FDA). Despite extensive in vitro, pre-clinical, and clinical data indicating efficacy, patient outcomes remain inconsistent. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which ultrasound vibrations influence cellular behaviour is critical to optimising LIPUS for bone repair and to enable greater patient benefit. The literature offers a broad experimental base, but collective insights are hindered by two key issues: inadequate reporting of ultrasound exposure conditions, often overlooking reflections and standing waves, and reliance on spatial average temporal average intensity (I_SATA) as the sole metric of ultrasound dose. While I_SATA informs safety thresholds (TI, MI), it fails to describe the specific acoustic stimuli cells experience, masking variations in pressure, pulse repetition, and duty cycle.

To identify the ultrasound parameters that are most important for eliciting mechano-sensing responses in osteoblast-like cells, we systematically evaluated a 1 MHz pulsed field in a controlled cell culture environment. Immunofluorescence analysis of actin and vinculin were used to assess cytoskeletal changes in response to fully described LIPUS exposures. We identified a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) upper limit of 1 kHz, beyond which LIPUS lost efficacy in enhancing mechano-sensing. Optimal response occurred at 20 % duty cycle, 160 kPa, and 60 mW/cm² I_SATA, challenging the currently accepted standard and parameters used to operate existing clinical devices (1 MHz, 30 mW/cm² I_SATA). Our data demonstrate the necessity to report fully the parameters that describe the ultrasound dose experienced by cells to predict which conditions lead to an upregulation in mechano-sensing and that I_SATA alone is not an adequate measure unless all other parameters are known and fixed. Finally, since PRF is determinant of achieving a cellular response, we reaffirm the already accepted understanding that pulsed exposures are critical to a cellular ability to detect and/or respond to ultrasound in a way that is useful for fracture repair.

低强度脉冲超声（LIPUS）在英国（NICE）和美国（FDA）被批准用于促进骨不愈合骨折的愈合。尽管大量的体外、临床前和临床数据表明其疗效，但患者的预后仍然不一致。更深入地了解超声振动影响细胞行为的机制对于优化LIPUS用于骨修复和使患者获益更大至关重要。文献提供了广泛的实验基础，但集体见解受到两个关键问题的阻碍：超声暴露条件报告不足，经常忽略反射和驻波，以及依赖空间平均时间平均强度（ISATA）作为超声剂量的唯一度量。虽然ISATA提供了安全阈值（TI， MI），但它无法描述细胞所经历的特定声刺激，掩盖了压力、脉冲重复和占空比的变化。为了确定在成骨细胞样细胞中引起机械感应反应最重要的超声参数，我们在受控细胞培养环境中系统地评估了1 MHz脉冲场。肌动蛋白和血管蛋白的免疫荧光分析用于评估完全描述的LIPUS暴露后的细胞骨架变化。我们确定了脉冲重复频率（PRF）上限为1 kHz，超过该上限LIPUS就失去了增强机械传感的功效。最佳响应发生在20%占空比、160 kPa和60 mW/cm2 ISATA时，挑战了目前用于操作现有临床设备的公认标准和参数（1 MHz、30 mW/cm2 ISATA）。我们的数据表明，有必要全面报告描述细胞所经历的超声剂量的参数，以预测哪些条件会导致机械传感的上调，并且只有ISATA是不够的，除非所有其他参数都是已知和固定的。最后，由于PRF是实现细胞应答的决定因素，我们重申了已经被接受的理解，即脉冲暴露对于细胞检测和/或响应超声的能力至关重要，这对骨折修复是有用的。

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引用次数: 0

Design and application of a ring-shaped acoustic focusing piezoelectric transducer for emulsion separation 用于乳液分离的环形声聚焦压电换能器的设计与应用。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107944

Wei Chen , Haoren Feng , Liang Wang, Yitao Wang, Xiaoqiang Wei

As oil production enters its middle and later stages, high water content and severe emulsification in oil wells are becoming increasingly prominent, leading to excessive energy consumption and environmental pollution. Existing downhole oil–water (O/W) separation technologies, such as gravity-based separation and hydrocyclone separation, prove inadequate for separating micro-sized oil droplets in heavily emulsified production fluids. Acoustic O/W separation has shown promising capabilities for micron-sized droplet removal, yet current studies predominantly address emulsions with high oil content. Acoustic separation techniques targeting high-water-cut emulsions have only been validated in stationary, millimeter-scale channels and lack research in large-scale, high throughput, and rapid flow rates under realistic downhole conditions. To overcome this limitation, this study introduces a novel ring-shaped acoustic focusing piezoelectric transducer. The transducer employs the inverse piezoelectric effect to excite the radial contraction–expansion vibrations of the annular structure, generating a diametrically focused full-wave acoustic field within the emulsion, with the center of the pipe serving as the focal point. Under the combined effects of acoustic radiation and acoustic streaming drag forces, dispersed oil droplets migrate toward the pressure antinode, enabling O/W phase separation. Experimental results from both static and dynamic conditions indicate that the proposed transducer effectively enriches micron-sized oil droplets in high-water-cut oil-in-water emulsion and achieves separation. Nevertheless, under dynamic conditions, separation efficiency is sensitive to the flow velocity and declines as flow rate increases. In summary, the proposed acoustic transducer provides an efficient solution for downhole high-water-cut produced fluids, supporting further developments in acoustic-based downhole separation technologies.

随着采油进入中后期，油井高含水率和严重的乳化现象日益突出，造成了能源的过度消耗和环境污染。现有的井下油水（O/W）分离技术，如重力分离和水力旋流器分离，不足以分离重度乳化生产液中的微尺寸油滴。声学O/W分离已经显示出去除微米级液滴的潜力，但目前的研究主要针对高含油量的乳液。针对高含水乳状液的声分离技术仅在固定的毫米级通道中得到验证，缺乏在实际井下条件下大规模、高通量和快速流动的研究。为了克服这一限制，本研究引入了一种新型环形声聚焦压电换能器。换能器利用逆压电效应激发环形结构的径向收缩-膨胀振动，在乳化液内产生直径聚焦的全波声场，以管道中心为焦点。在声辐射和声流阻力的共同作用下，分散的油滴向压力端面移动，实现了O/W相分离。静态和动态实验结果表明，该换能器能有效富集高含水水包油乳化液中的微米级油滴，实现分离。而在动态条件下，分离效率对流速敏感，随流速的增大而下降。综上所述，所提出的声波换能器为井下高含水产出液提供了一种有效的解决方案，支持了基于声波的井下分离技术的进一步发展。

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引用次数: 0

Amplitude and phase modulation of SH waves by resonant scattering at PZT‐5A/BaTiO3 imperfect boundary PZT‐5A/BaTiO3不完全边界共振散射对SH波振幅和相位的调制

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107929

Koushik Maity , Kshitish Ch Mistri , Amrita Das , Abhishek Kumar Singh

This study investigates the reflection and refraction behaviour of shear-horizontal (SH) waves at the interface of

PZT‐5A

and

{BaTiO}_{3}

. The interface is modelled by an electrically induced classical spring and a piezoelectric membrane. An analytical framework is used to assess how interfacial mechanical and electrical stiffnesses, together with piezoelectric coupling, influence the amplitude and phase of reflected and transmitted SH waves. Results indicate that increased mechanical stiffness amplifies reflected SH-wave intensity while diminishing refraction and electro-acoustic conversion, whereas stronger electrical coupling facilitates enhanced refraction with reduced reflection. Notably, resonance phenomena near grazing incidence yield pronounced amplitude peaks and abrupt phase shifts, highlighting the sensitivity of wave behaviour to incident angle and interfacial properties. These findings provide useful guidance for the design of acoustic filters, waveguides, sensors and non-destructive evaluation components, and may be extended to multilayered or frequency-dependent systems in future work.

本文研究了PZT‐5A和BaTiO3界面上剪切水平波（SH）的反射和折射行为。采用电致经典弹簧和压电膜对界面进行建模。使用一个分析框架来评估界面机械和电刚度以及压电耦合如何影响反射和透射SH波的振幅和相位。结果表明，机械刚度的增加放大了反射sh波强度，同时降低了折射和电声转换，而更强的电耦合则促进了折射的增强和反射的减少。值得注意的是，掠入射附近的共振现象产生明显的振幅峰值和突然的相移，突出了波的行为对入射角和界面性质的敏感性。这些发现为声滤波器、波导、传感器和无损评估元件的设计提供了有用的指导，并可能在未来的工作中扩展到多层或频率相关系统。

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引用次数: 0

Optimized ultrasound imaging of phase-change nanodroplets 相变纳米液滴的超声成像优化

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107933

Charles R. Dyall , Dmitry Nevozhay , Andy Liu , Trevor M. Mitcham , George J. Lu , Konstantin V. Sokolov , Richard R. Bouchard

Phase-change nanodroplets (PCNDs) continue to generate significant research interest due to their potential to extravasate into tissue, to be targeted for molecular imaging and drug delivery, and to undergo an induced phase-change to “activated” microbubbles (MBs) for ultrasound (US) imaging. To accurately quantify molecular markers, however, one assumes a consistent proportion of PCNDs in a region of interest (ROI) are stably activated and imaged. Herein we present a framework for developing a diagnostic sequence that is optimized for PCND activation uniformity, contrast, and acquisition time. To develop this framework, activation was examined at three scales of increasing complexity: single, adjacent, and full ROI activation(s). First, transmit parameters for a single activation were optimized using PCNDs across concentrations (1.0 × 10⁷–10⁹ PCND/mL) in controlled phantom experiments, considering contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), area, and offset (e.g., centroid axial distance from transmit focus) of the activation region along with acquisition time. Activation regions were also compared to prospective estimates based on US-beam imaging. Next, overlap and order of adjacent activation regions was optimized by maximizing spacing while preserving uniformity and minimizing signal loss from adjacent transmit interactions. Finally, an optimized raster-scanning scheme was applied to a mock tumor ROI, yielding 1.4–7.0 dB greater contrast enhancement over unoptimized schemes while reducing acquisition time. Further, PCND concentration was found to share a nonlinear relationship with US signal enhancement that differed significantly between linear and harmonic imaging modes. In conclusion, our framework’s optimization of contrast, uniformity, acquisition time, and cavitation mitigation for PCND US imaging should help facilitate its eventual clinical translation.

相变纳米液滴（PCNDs）由于其潜在的外渗到组织中，成为分子成像和药物输送的目标，并且在超声（US）成像中经历诱导相变为“活化”微泡（mb），因此继续引起重要的研究兴趣。然而，为了准确地量化分子标记，人们假设感兴趣区域（ROI）中一致比例的pcnd被稳定激活和成像。在这里，我们提出了一个框架，用于开发诊断序列，该序列针对PCND激活均匀性、对比度和采集时间进行了优化。为了开发这个框架，激活在三个增加复杂性的尺度上进行了检查：单个、相邻和完整的ROI激活。首先，利用不同浓度（1.0 × 107-109 PCND/mL）的PCND进行对照幻像实验，优化单次激活的发射参数，同时考虑激活区域的噪比（CNR）、面积、偏移量（如质心与发射焦点的轴向距离）以及采集时间。激活区域也与基于US-beam成像的预期估计进行了比较。其次，通过最大化间隔来优化相邻激活区域的重叠和顺序，同时保持均匀性并最小化相邻发射相互作用的信号损失。最后，将优化的光栅扫描方案应用于模拟肿瘤ROI，与未优化方案相比，对比度增强1.4-7.0 dB，同时减少了采集时间。此外，PCND浓度与US信号增强呈非线性关系，在线性和谐波成像模式之间存在显著差异。总之，我们的框架优化了PCND US成像的对比度、均匀性、采集时间和空化缓解，有助于其最终的临床转化。

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引用次数: 0

Acoustic pressure threshold prediction in cavitation field based on image and signal processing technique 基于图像和信号处理技术的空化场声压阈值预测。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107919

Zhaokang Lei , Fan Li , Yuting Cao , Xinran Dong , Yaorong Wu , Chenghui Wang , Shi Chen , Jing Hu , Zhuangzhi Shen , Runyang Mo , Jianzhong Guo , Shuyu Lin

A novel method is proposed to predict acoustic pressure threshold in cavitation fields by utilizing image processing techniques and parametric resampling technique. Cavitation structure within a water layer of depth λ/4 inside a transparent container was recorded by a high-speed camera, and it was found that a hemispherical bubble cloud attached to the container’s solid bottom can affect the morphology of the branched bubble structure beneath the water surface. Due to bubble interactions, the two may bridge together. According to the sequence of binarized image, the structure evolution can be quantitatively predicted. As bubbles coalesce, some large bubbles exist within the bubble clouds. By applying the P-PRTF transform, cavitation noise can be separated from hydrophone detection signals, enabling prediction of the primary acoustic pressure thresholds during cavitation structure bridging: 96.3 kPa at 28 kHz and 110.1 kPa at 40 kHz. It should be noted that more potential factors, such as acoustic frequency, pressure, and liquid properties can influence the merge and separation of the two bubble clusters. The prediction thresholds were also verified through theoretical analysis of the coupled models of bubble oscillations. It reveals that the occurrence of such cavitation events depends on the chaotic threshold. Large hemispherical clusters exhibit a stronger attraction on the floating branched structures, thereby enhancing structural stability. However, increased spacing between the two clusters weakens the vertical component of their interaction force, leading to reduced stability, which closely matches experimental observations. The presented methodology and results will be helpful for further investigations of cavitation erosion prevention.

提出了一种利用图像处理技术和参数重采样技术预测空化场声压阈值的新方法。利用高速摄像机记录了透明容器内部λ/4深度水层内的空化结构，发现附着在容器固体底部的半球形气泡云可以影响水面下分支气泡结构的形态。由于气泡的相互作用，两者可能会连接在一起。根据二值化后的图像序列，可以定量预测结构的演化。当气泡合并时，一些大气泡存在于气泡云中。通过P-PRTF变换，可以将空化噪声从水听器检测信号中分离出来，从而可以预测空化结构桥接过程中的主声压阈值：28 kHz时96.3 kPa， 40 kHz时110.1 kPa。需要注意的是，更多的潜在因素，如声波频率、压力和液体性质都可以影响两个气泡团簇的合并和分离。通过对气泡振荡耦合模型的理论分析，验证了预测阈值。结果表明，这类空化事件的发生取决于混沌阈值。大的半球形团簇对漂浮的支链结构具有更强的吸引力，从而提高了结构的稳定性。然而，两个团簇之间的间距增加削弱了它们相互作用力的垂直分量，导致稳定性降低，这与实验观察结果非常吻合。所提出的方法和结果将有助于进一步研究防空化侵蚀。

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引用次数: 0

A two-degree-of-freedom miniature ultrasonic motor driven by two modes coupled by three kinds of vibrations 一种由三种振动耦合的两种模式驱动的二自由度微型超声电机

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107930

Yixuan Zhou , Jianfa Lin , Zunyu Wang , Haoran Wang , Shuying Li , Wei Li , Qiaosheng Pan

This paper presents a two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) miniature ultrasonic motor that outputs 2-DOF linear motion by using only a hollow rectangular metal block. The motion in the horizontal x direction was realized through the L₁-B_2xoz mode formed by coupling the first-order longitudinal (L₁) vibration and the second-order bending (B_2xoz) vibration. Moreover, the motion in the horizontal y direction was realized through the B_2xoy-B_2xoz mode formed by coupling the second-order bending (B_2xoz) vibration and the second-order bending (B_2xoy) vibration. An ultrasonic motor was designed, and its 2-DOF driving principle was analyzed. Then, the motor was simulated and analyzed to verify the described principle. Finally, the prototype of the ultrasonic motor with 3.8 × 4.2 × 14.5 mm dimensions and its experimental test device were fabricated, and the output characteristics of the motor were tested. Results show that at a voltage of 90 Vpp and a driving frequency of 104 kHz, the maximum no-load speeds of the motor in the horizontal x and y directions are 40.13 and 80.63 mm/s, respectively. Moreover, the maximum output forces in the horizontal and vertical directions are 0.9 and 1.55 N, respectively. The simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed 2-DOF ultrasonic motor.

本文设计了一种两自由度（2-DOF）微型超声电机，该电机仅使用空心矩形金属块输出2-DOF直线运动。通过一阶纵向振动（L1）和二阶弯曲振动（B2xoz）耦合形成的L1-B2xoz模态来实现水平x方向的运动。通过二阶弯曲（B2xoz）振动与二阶弯曲（B2xoy）振动耦合形成的B2xoy-B2xoz模态实现水平y方向的运动。设计了一种超声电机，分析了其二自由度驱动原理。然后对电机进行了仿真和分析，验证了所述原理。最后，制作了尺寸为3.8 × 4.2 × 14.5 mm的超声电机样机及其实验测试装置，并对电机的输出特性进行了测试。结果表明，在电压为90 Vpp、驱动频率为104 kHz时，电机在水平x、y方向上的最大空载速度分别为40.13和80.63 mm/s。水平方向和垂直方向的最大输出力分别为0.9和1.55 N。仿真和实验结果验证了所提出的二自由度超声电机的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Combined effects of 40 Hz ultrasound and light stimulation on neural oscillations and cognition 40赫兹超声和光刺激对神经振荡和认知的联合影响。

IF 4.1 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2025.107923

Minghui Gao , Shixiong Zhang , Shasha Yi , Yiyue Zhu , Wen Meng , Hairong Zheng , Zhengrong Lin , Lili Niu

Single-modality 40 Hz ultrasound stimulation or 40 Hz light stimulation have demonstrated the efficacy in improving cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mice. However, the therapeutic effect of combined 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation on AD-related cognitive deficits remain unexplored. To address this gap, we developed a 40 Hz dual-modality stimulation system comprising a dual-targeted holographic ultrasound transducer that enables precise, safe stimulation of the bilateral hippocampal CA1 regions, and a 40 Hz visual stimulation. In wild-type mice, acute 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation significantly increased gamma (30–100 Hz) power and cross-regional phase synchronization, revealing a stronger synergistic effect compared to unimodal (ultrasound or light alone) stimulation. In 5XFAD AD model mice, chronic 40 Hz ultrasound-light stimulation robustly improved spatial memory, enhanced gamma phase synchronization and reduced amyloid-β deposition. Our findings demonstrate that this dual-modality strategy serves as a powerful, noninvasive tool to effectively enhance gamma oscillations and mitigate Aβ accumulation, underscoring its promising potential for AD intervention.

单模态40赫兹超声刺激或40赫兹光刺激对阿尔茨海默病（AD）小鼠的认知功能有改善作用。然而，联合40赫兹超声光刺激对ad相关认知缺陷的治疗效果仍未被探索。为了解决这一问题，我们开发了一种40赫兹双模刺激系统，该系统包括一个双目标全息超声传感器，可以对双侧海马CA1区域进行精确、安全的刺激，并进行40赫兹的视觉刺激。在野生型小鼠中，急性40 Hz超声光刺激显著增加γ (30-100 Hz)功率和跨区域相位同步，与单峰（超声或光）刺激相比，显示出更强的协同效应。慢性40 Hz超声光刺激可显著改善5XFAD AD模型小鼠的空间记忆，增强γ相同步，减少淀粉样蛋白-β沉积。我们的研究结果表明，这种双模态策略是一种强大的、无创的工具，可以有效地增强γ振荡和减轻a β积累，强调其在阿尔茨海默病干预方面的潜力。

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