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Governance of artificial intelligence and data in Australasian higher education: A snapshot of policy and practice 澳大利亚高等教育中的人工智能和数据管理:政策与实践快照
Pub Date : 2024-01-18 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.717
Ratna Selvaratnam, Lynnae Venaruzzo
Governance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly urgent in higher education institutions for its impact on the quality and equity of education. Earlier in 2023, AI usage conversations across the sector appeared to predominantly focus on the other AI, Academic Integrity. Just like the technology has advanced in the past eight months since the first ACODE (Australasian Council of Open Digital Education) whitepaper on this topic this year, so too has the practice of using AI. In October 2023, ACODE conducted a survey to get an understanding of AI policy and practice in member institutions. The results show there is a mixed view whether guidelines and policies are in place with respect to the governance of AI and data which suggests the sector needs to continue these conversations for some time to come. Furthermore, ethical application of AI is emerging through experimental activities and pilots of proof of concepts, suggesting that case studies and recommendations for practice could be developed in 2024 to further assure quality and equity in education.
由于人工智能(AI)对教育质量和公平的影响,高等教育机构对人工智能(AI)的管理正变得越来越迫切。2023 年早些时候,整个教育领域的人工智能使用对话似乎主要集中在另一种人工智能--学术诚信上。自今年 ACODE(澳大利亚开放式数字教育委员会)发布第一份关于该主题的白皮书以来,在过去的八个月里,技术在不断进步,人工智能的使用实践也在不断进步。2023 年 10 月,ACODE 开展了一项调查,以了解成员机构的人工智能政策和实践。结果显示,对于人工智能和数据管理方面的指导方针和政策是否到位,各方看法不一。此外,通过实验活动和概念验证试点,人工智能的道德应用正在兴起,这表明可以在 2024 年开展案例研究并提出实践建议,以进一步确保教育质量和公平性。
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引用次数: 0
Future prospects of artificial intelligence in education 人工智能在教育领域的未来前景
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.534
John Y. H. Bai, Wolfgang Müskens, Olaf Zawacki-Richter, Frank Senyo Loglo
The application of artificial intelligence in education (AIEd) is a growing field of research. While the potential benefits of AIEd drive interest and investment, developing ethical AIEd applications that mitigate the risk of entrenching inequalities requires input from key stakeholders like teachers and students. The present project aims to give voice to the perspectives of educators in higher education on the possible futures of AIEd. Towards this end, we developed a set of strategic scenarios, each describing a hypothetical AIEd application, and invited educators to evaluate the scenarios in a series of international focus-group discussions. The present paper describes the methodology for developing the scenarios and how they can be used to engage stakeholders in future-oriented discussions. This paper aims to assist interested readers in using or modifying the scenarios for their own research.
人工智能在教育领域的应用(AIEd)是一个不断发展的研究领域。虽然人工智能教育的潜在益处推动了人们的兴趣和投资,但开发符合道德规范的人工智能教育应用,以降低加剧不平等的风险,需要教师和学生等主要利益相关者的投入。本项目旨在让高等教育中的教育工作者对人工智能教育可能的未来发表看法。为此,我们制定了一系列战略方案,每个方案都描述了一种假设的人工智能教育应用,并邀请教育工作者在一系列国际焦点小组讨论中对这些方案进行评估。本文介绍了制定情景方案的方法,以及如何利用情景方案让利益相关者参与面向未来的讨论。本文旨在帮助有兴趣的读者在自己的研究中使用或修改情景方案。
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引用次数: 0
University learning partnerships 大学学习伙伴关系
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.460
Amanda Samson, Eduardo Oliveira
Universities hold a significant advantage in the development of enterprising learning partnerships where internal and intentional collaboration can assist in addressing complex problems. Building a collaborative learning partnership between faculties enhances learning, removes blocks to enterprise and addresses industry problems. The learning partnership developed in this collaboration included academic staff from two different faculties, a team of students as well as input from external stakeholders including schools and pre-service teacher candidates. The approach included digital expertise and developmental pedagogies; with a shared outcome designed to meet the enterprise goals of the industry’s partner. The student team developed confidence and capacity in their ability to communicate with the industry partner as they were encouraged to be creative, equal participants with the agency to take risks and problem solve. The tangible outcome was the delivery of a minimum viable product that has potential to address issues around teacher shortage and other limits to school resourcing. Learning partnerships within universities facilitate authentic learning and encouraged enterprise.
大学在发展进取型学习伙伴关系方面具有显著优势,内部和有意的合作有助于解决复杂的问题。建立院系间的合作学习伙伴关系可以加强学习,消除企业发展的障碍,解决行业问题。在这次合作中建立的学习伙伴关系包括来自两个不同院系的学术人员、一个学生团队以及来自学校和职前教师候选人等外部利益攸关方的投入。该方法包括数字专业知识和发展教学法;共同成果旨在实现行业合作伙伴的企业目标。学生团队培养了与行业合作伙伴沟通的信心和能力,他们被鼓励成为有创造力的、平等的参与者,能够承担风险并解决问题。实际成果是交付了一个最低可行性产品,该产品有可能解决教师短缺和其他学校资源限制问题。大学内部的学习伙伴关系促进了真实的学习并鼓励了企业。
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引用次数: 0
The Holodeck model, learning environments, and resilience in higher education Holodeck 模式、学习环境和高等教育的复原力
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.527
Beata Webb, Gaelle Brotto, Mark Dinnen, Brett Voss
This paper proposes a flexible framework for developing asynchronous online learning environments for multidisciplinary contexts at an Australian university. The project addresses the need to build organisational resilience following the fragility demonstrated by educational institutions during the emergency transition to online learning in 2020. The paper examines the challenges experienced by staff and students, the future implications and the potential of the Holodeck model of a learning environment in circumventing these barriers. The analysis of the strategies implemented through various educational technologies in criminology, teacher education, international relations and research methodology, demonstrated its applicability in diverse academic fields. The paper promotes the capacity of the Holodeck-based framework to provide systematic support structures for university online and on-campus programs, and, consequently, to develop institutional resilience in multidisciplinary university contexts. The paper also outlines the next phase of the project, focusing on a student perspective of the use of the Holodeck model.
本文提出了一个灵活的框架,用于为澳大利亚一所大学的多学科背景开发异步在线学习环境。该项目旨在满足教育机构在 2020 年向在线学习紧急过渡期间所表现出的脆弱性之后建立组织复原力的需求。本文探讨了师生所经历的挑战、未来的影响以及 Holodeck 学习环境模式在规避这些障碍方面的潜力。通过分析在犯罪学、师范教育、国际关系和研究方法等领域通过各种教育技术实施的战略,展示了其在不同学术领域的适用性。该论文促进了基于 Holodeck 框架的能力,为大学在线和校内课程提供系统的支持结构,从而在多学科大学背景下发展机构复原力。论文还概述了项目的下一阶段,重点从学生的角度介绍了 Holodeck 模式的使用情况。
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引用次数: 0
Living Labs and Future Narratives 生活实验室与未来叙事
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.652
Maryella Hatfield
Authenticity, originality, lived human experience. How much value is being placed on these qualities in a world facing challenges such as AI, climate change and economic breakdown, rapid reconfigurations in the future of work? How can cross curriculum experiences and partnership pedagogies support students and universities navigating these challenges? In this paper, I reflect on innovations in learning and teaching, research, and scholarship in an age of seismic uncertainty. Specifically, I address the intersections between Screen Media, STEM, design thinking and storytelling for sustainability as part of the student and university experience. Citing case studies and examples, I consider some of the co-creation methodologies, the role of appreciative enquiry, and cross-curriculum partnership pedagogies, in the form of living labs. These have demonstrably enabled us to learn from each other and contribute to a wider landscape of scholarship and work that values original thinking and authentic creative expression.
真实性、原创性、活生生的人类经验。在面临人工智能、气候变化、经济崩溃、未来工作快速重组等挑战的世界中,这些品质的价值有多大?跨课程体验和合作教学法如何为学生和大学应对这些挑战提供支持?在本文中,我将反思在这个充满不确定性的时代中的学习与教学、研究和学术创新。具体而言,我探讨了屏幕媒体、STEM、设计思维和可持续发展故事之间的交集,将其作为学生和大学体验的一部分。通过引用案例研究和实例,我考虑了一些共同创造方法、欣赏式探究的作用以及以生活实验室为形式的跨课程合作教学法。事实证明,这些方法使我们能够相互学习,并为更广泛的学术和工作领域做出贡献,这种学术和工作领域重视原创思维和真实的创造性表达。
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引用次数: 0
Introducing Indigenous Perspectives on Data Sovereignty in Engineering Education 在工程教育中引入关于数据主权的本土视角
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.641
Jesin James, Claire Donald
We live in a data-driven world, and decisions of technology developers impact how the world uses technology. But the education system does not address data sovereignty. This is more relevant in New Zealand, with M?ori data sovereignty being a concern. In engineering education, ethical aspects of technology are taught from a western perspective. This paper describes a different approach used recently in an undergraduate engineering course, where an indigenous perspective was integrated with the predominant western view. Electrical and Digital Systems is a course taken by all engineering students at the University of Auckland. This course teaches the engineering perspective on how data is collected and processed, and hence is the perfect point to introduce the indigenous data sovereignty perspectives. Student feedback received so far supports the success of this introduction. This also prepares our future workforce to be competent to incorporate indigenous world views in engineering decisions.
我们生活在一个数据驱动的世界,技术开发人员的决策影响着世界使用技术的方式。但教育系统并没有解决数据主权问题。这一点在新西兰更为重要,因为毛利人的数据主权是一个令人担忧的问题。在工程教育中,技术伦理方面的内容都是从西方视角教授的。本文介绍了最近在一门本科工程学课程中采用的不同方法,在这门课程中,本土视角与占主导地位的西方视角相结合。电气与数字系统是奥克兰大学所有工程专业学生都要学习的一门课程。这门课程从工程学角度讲授如何收集和处理数据,因此是引入本土数据主权观点的最佳时机。目前收到的学生反馈支持这一介绍的成功。这也培养了我们未来的劳动力,使他们有能力将本土世界观纳入工程决策。
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引用次数: 0
Digital facelift 数字化改头换面
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.552
Boyd Britton, Carmen Vallis
The rapid development and proliferation of synthetic media and AI-generated avatars present both challenges and opportunities for higher education. Increasingly, educational institutions must navigate complex ethical and pedagogical considerations, as well as adapt to the latest AI technologies (Siemens et al., 2022). Ethical and pedagogical principles to guide AI use are urgently needed in education (Bozkurt et al., 2021).   In this presentation, we share a practical perspective, framed by a specific case-study: the development and implementation of a large-scale, interactive business module featuring AI-generated ‘Guest Lecturers’ The AI-generated video content, along with other online activities, were designed to stimulate critical reflection and discussion about the ethical implications of AI in business. Now in its second iteration, the project represents a significant trial and evaluation of synthetic media to present educational concepts in a cohort of over 700 students.   Fundamental ethical and pedagogical questions surfaced during the development and implementation of this learning media. How transparent should educators be about the processes and tools they adopt in producing content, for example (Pataranutaporn et al., 2021)? When does human presence add value in recorded video, be it in a pedagogical or parasocial sense (Beege et al., 2019)? And what forms of learning might benefit (or not) from automating video content (Li et al., 2016)? Based on evaluation data from focus groups and video analytics, we explore these questions and the potential affordances and limitations of synthetic media. We also reflect on the tools and techniques that were used to create the project, and implications for educational institutions as they seek to build capacity for AI content creation within traditional production ecosystems.   An emergent typology for AI in educational media is explored, to help educators design for teaching and learning based on learning purposes and modes of delivery. Finally, we discuss how student feedback might inform the design, production and delivery of learning media, and future directions for student co-creation and agency.
合成媒体和人工智能生成的化身的快速发展和普及,给高等教育带来了挑战和机遇。越来越多的教育机构必须驾驭复杂的伦理和教学考虑因素,并适应最新的人工智能技术(Siemens 等人,2022 年)。教育领域迫切需要伦理和教学原则来指导人工智能的使用(Bozkurt 等人,2021 年)。 在本演讲中,我们将通过一个具体的案例研究,分享一个实用的视角:开发和实施一个大规模的互动商业模块,该模块的特色是由人工智能生成的 "客座讲师"。 人工智能生成的视频内容以及其他在线活动,旨在激发对人工智能在商业中的伦理影响的批判性思考和讨论。目前,该项目已进入第二次迭代,是对合成媒体在 700 多名学生中呈现教育概念的一次重要尝试和评估。 在开发和实施这种学习媒体的过程中,出现了一些基本的伦理和教学问题。例如,教育者在制作内容时所采用的流程和工具的透明度如何(Pataranutaporn 等人,2021 年)?在录制的视频中,人的存在何时会增加价值,是在教学意义上还是在寄生社会意义上(Beege 等人,2019 年)?哪些形式的学习可能从视频内容自动化中受益(或不受益)(Li 等人,2016 年)?基于焦点小组和视频分析的评估数据,我们探讨了这些问题以及合成媒体的潜在能力和局限性。我们还反思了创建项目所使用的工具和技术,以及教育机构在传统制作生态系统中寻求建立人工智能内容创作能力的意义。 我们还探讨了教育媒体中人工智能的新兴类型,以帮助教育工作者根据学习目的和教学模式进行教学设计。最后,我们讨论了学生的反馈如何为学习媒体的设计、制作和交付提供信息,以及学生共同创造和代理的未来方向。
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引用次数: 0
Finding function in dysfunction - The role of a learning technologist 在功能障碍中寻找功能--学习技术专家的作用
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.501
S. Kala, Mohammad Ladha
This conference paper examines the pivotal role of Functional Analysts in facilitating the transition from an older in-house Lecture Theatre Recording (LTR) system to a new and advanced lecture recording system called Panopto. The Functional Analysts' responsibilities encompass ensuring a smooth transition, providing expertise and assistance to internal users, and maintaining uninterrupted operations. The paper discusses the process of transitioning to Panopto, including planning, implementation, training, and support. The collaboration, communication, and technical expertise of Functional Analysts are highlighted as key factors for successful system migration. The findings of this case study shed light on the importance of proactive planning, effective change management, and technical proficiency in executing such transitions.
本会议论文探讨了功能分析师在促进从老式内部演讲厅录制(LTR)系统过渡到新的先进演讲录制系统(Panopto)过程中发挥的关键作用。功能分析师的职责包括确保平稳过渡、为内部用户提供专业知识和帮助,以及保持不间断运行。本文讨论了向 Panopto 过渡的过程,包括规划、实施、培训和支持。强调了功能分析师的协作、沟通和技术专长是系统成功迁移的关键因素。本案例研究的结果揭示了积极规划、有效的变革管理和精通技术在执行此类过渡中的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Collaborative pathways 合作途径
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.632
Laura Mann
This extended abstract delineates a collaborative endeavor between the School of Communication & Design and the Learning Design team at RMIT Vietnam. The project’s core objective was to uplift and reimagine blended learning approaches across selected courses. In line with the growing body of research endorsing the role of academic-designer partnerships in fostering technology-enhanced learning (Ellis et al., 2016; Nihuka & Voogt, 2012; Huber & Jacka, 2022; McDonald & Mayes, 2005), this initiative thrived on the close collaboration between academics and learning designers. What sets our approach apart is the non-homogenized implementation of blended learning changes. Instead of uniformly transitioning courses from face-to-face to a blended format, changes were specifically tailored based on the needs and learning outcomes of each course. This bespoke approach, combined with our multifaceted support framework and adaptive project management strategies, ensured that the course design was both effective and reflective of individual course characteristics.   The multifaceted support framework leveraged initial design workshops to establish core principles and a shared vision, codesign of initial proof of concept course modules, design templates, a central site providing blended learning exemplars and pedagogical resources and ongoing consultations. Embedded throughout these were foundational frameworks for online and blended learning including Backward Design and Community of Inquiry (Wiggins & McTighe, 2005, Garrison et al., 2001). New tools to support active, social, asynchronous learning were also integrated into the LMS. Adaptive project management strategies addressed challenges as they arose.  The transformed courses showcase innovative blended learning approaches personalized to disciplinary contexts, leading to positive measurable impacts. Academics reported feeling empowered by new skills gained through the collaboration and this positive reception extended the reach of the program, providing a catalyst for academics not directly involved to implement the approaches and tools used in the program in their own course design.   Despite its success, the initiative was not devoid of challenges.  Different priorities necessitated compromise, and academics required additional support to adapt to new the new technologies and pedagogical strategies. The project’s collaborative nature proved instrumental in surmounting these hurdles, enabling learning designers to progressively build academic involvement whilst addressing issues central to blended learning implementation in a Vietnamese context such as lack of familiarity and experience with blended learning (Le et al., 2021).  The outcomes of this collaboration underscore the value of leveraging complementary expertise of academics and designers. Beyond elevating technology-enhanced learning, the project fostered mutual understanding, leading to wider impacts than initially anticipated. In
本扩展摘要描述了传播与设计学院与皇家墨尔本理工大学越南分校学习设计团队之间的合作项目。该项目的核心目标是提升和重新构想选定课程的混合式学习方法。 越来越多的研究认可学术界与设计师的合作在促进技术强化学习中的作用(Ellis 等人,2016 年;Nihuka & Voogt,2012 年;Huber & Jacka,2022 年;McDonald & Mayes,2005 年),与此相一致的是,这一举措也得益于学术界与学习设计师之间的密切合作。 我们的方法与众不同之处在于非同质化地实施混合式学习变革。我们不是千篇一律地将课程从面授形式过渡到混合形式,而是根据每门课程的需求和学习成果,有针对性地进行改革。这种定制方法与我们的多方面支持框架和适应性项目管理战略相结合,确保了课程设计既有效又能反映出每门课程的特点。 多方面支持框架利用初步设计研讨会确立核心原则和共同愿景、初步概念验证课程模块的编码设计、设计模板、提供混合式学习范例和教学资源的中心网站以及持续咨询。这些都包含了在线和混合式学习的基础框架,包括后向设计和探究社区(Wiggins & McTighe, 2005, Garrison et al.)支持主动、社交、异步学习的新工具也被整合到了 LMS 中。适应性项目管理战略解决了出现的挑战。 改造后的课程展示了针对学科背景的个性化创新混合式学习方法,产生了可衡量的积极影响。学术界报告说,通过合作获得的新技能让他们感觉到了力量,这种积极的反应扩大了计划的影响范围,为没有直接参与计划的学术界在自己的课程设计中实施计划中使用的方法和工具提供了催化剂。 尽管计划取得了成功,但也并非没有挑战。 不同的优先事项需要妥协,学者们需要额外的支持来适应新技术和教学策略。事实证明,该项目的合作性质有助于克服这些障碍,使学习设计者能够逐步建立学术参与,同时解决在越南背景下实施混合式学习的核心问题,如缺乏对混合式学习的熟悉和经验(Le 等人,2021 年)。 这次合作的成果凸显了利用学术界和设计者互补专长的价值。除了提升技术强化学习之外,该项目还促进了相互理解,产生了比最初预期更广泛的影响。所获得的启示可以为有效的合作战略提供参考,并突出强调培养这种关系的组织推动因素,促进更大规模的混合式学习和课程提升。 这种量身定做的方法不仅是电子学习领域的最佳实践范例,也标志着高等教育在向在线和混合模式快速发展的大环境中迈出了进步的一步。虽然我们的经验立足于越南的国情,但我们方法固有的灵活性和适应性使其成为一种可在全球各种高等教育环境中复制和定制的模式。 随着高等教育的不断发展,像这样植根于混合式学习的学术与设计合作将越来越重要。本文提出的见解和方法为那些旨在推进教学创新的人提供了宝贵的指导。
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引用次数: 0
Mapping learning microclimates in a large-cohort online course 绘制大班在线课程的学习微气候图
Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.14742/apubs.2023.492
Kay Hammond
As the number of students in online classrooms continues to rise, understanding the microclimates that influence teaching and learning becomes crucial. This paper presents a map of existing and potential microclimates in a large online course and offers guidance on developing such maps to enhance student well-being and learning outcomes. By drawing on the concept of microclimates from natural sciences, educational microclimates are defined as the norms, attitudes, and behaviors within a subgroup of people in a larger social climate. The study explores various social microclimates within online spaces, aiming to create more inclusive and interactive communities that foster essential skills for students. A six-step process for developing microclimate maps is proposed, highlighting the importance of considering student demographics and engaging in continuous reflection and improvement, seeing the trees in the wood. Ultimately, understanding and leveraging microclimates can lead to better course design and support the diverse needs of students in large online cohorts.
随着在线课堂学生人数的不断增加,了解影响教学的微环境变得至关重要。本文介绍了一个大型在线课程中现有和潜在的微气候图,并为开发此类地图提供指导,以提高学生的幸福感和学习效果。通过借鉴自然科学中的微气候概念,教育微气候被定义为在更大的社会环境中一个小群体内的规范、态度和行为。本研究探讨了网络空间中的各种社会微气候,旨在创建更具包容性和互动性的社区,培养学生的基本技能。研究提出了绘制小气候图的六步流程,强调了考虑学生人口统计、不断反思和改进、见微知著的重要性。最终,了解和利用微气候可以更好地设计课程,支持大型在线群组中学生的不同需求。
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