Wear最新文献_第7页

Sliding wear behaviors of low alloy high strength martensite wear-resistant steels 低合金高强度马氏体耐磨钢的滑动磨损行为

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205573

Junhui Wu, Man Liu, Linyu Sun, Yanlong Li, Fangqin Dai, Guang Xu

The sliding wear properties of newly developed HB500 and HB550 low alloy high strength martensitic wear-resistant steels under different loads were investigated. The corresponding friction coefficients under varied loads were measured and the contact stress was discussed. The results show that the tensile property and wear performance between the developed HB500 steel with lower composition cost and the commercial wear-resistant steel of a similar grade were comparable, indicating that the HB500 steel can replace the widely used commercial steel. In addition, the hardness and tensile strength of HB550 steel reached 559HB and 1874 MPa with impact toughness at −40 °C of 44.5 J/cm² and excellent wear resistance. Moreover, the mass loss increased with increasing load from 10 N to 50 N, while it decreased when further increasing the load from 50 N to 90 N, which was different from the reported result that the mass loss monotonically increased with the load. The wear mechanism was mainly abrasive wear with a certain degree of buffering effect at lower loads, while it changed to mainly adhesive wear and oxidative wear with buffering, lubrication, and protection effects at the high load. Furthermore, the mass loss and the friction coefficient of the two developed steels were more sensitive to the load rather than the material hardness. Lastly, it was the first time to analyze and compare the changes of absolute stress of

\sqrt{J_{2}}

and relative stress of

\sqrt{J_{2}}

under varied wear conditions. It is interesting to find that the absolute stress of

\sqrt{J_{2}}

was more suitable and sensitive to the wear parameters, and the influences of the applied load and the friction coefficient on the contact stress were competitive.

研究了新开发的 HB500 和 HB550 低合金高强度马氏体耐磨钢在不同载荷下的滑动磨损特性。测量了不同载荷下相应的摩擦系数，并讨论了接触应力。结果表明，所开发的成分成本较低的 HB500 钢与类似牌号的商用耐磨钢的拉伸性能和磨损性能相当，表明 HB500 钢可以替代广泛使用的商用钢。此外，HB550 钢的硬度和抗拉强度分别达到 559HB 和 1874 MPa，在 -40 °C 时的冲击韧性为 44.5 J/cm2，具有优异的耐磨性。此外，随着载荷从 10 N 增加到 50 N，质量损失增加，而当载荷从 50 N 进一步增加到 90 N 时，质量损失减少，这与所报道的质量损失随载荷单调增加的结果不同。磨损机理在低载荷时主要是磨料磨损，并具有一定的缓冲作用，而在高载荷时则转变为主要是粘着磨损和氧化磨损，并具有缓冲、润滑和保护作用。此外，这两种钢材的质量损失和摩擦系数对载荷比对材料硬度更敏感。最后，这是首次分析和比较不同磨损条件下 J2 的绝对应力和相对应力的变化。有趣的是，J2 的绝对应力对磨损参数更为合适和敏感，而施加载荷和摩擦系数对接触应力的影响是竞争性的。

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引用次数: 0

Structure and tribological behavior of a polyetherimide/polytetrafluoroethylene matrix filled with negative thermal expansion zirconium tungstate particles 填充负热膨胀钨酸锆颗粒的聚醚酰亚胺/聚四氟乙烯基体的结构和摩擦学行为

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205567

S. Yu. Tarasov , D.G. Buslovich , S.V. Panin , N.L. Savchenko , L.A. Kornienko , E. Yu. Filatov , E.N. Moskvichev

Thermal expansion mismatch stresses may be a reason for premature failure of sealing and bearing components made of polymer composites that are rubbed against metallic surfaces at elevated temperatures. It is of particular importance for polymer matrix composites loaded with anti-friction inclusions of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that possesses high coefficient of thermal expansion. In this regard, a study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of the thermal mismatch on wear and friction of amorphous polyetherimide (PEI) matrix loaded with either polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles (i) or PTFE particles covered with negative thermal expansion zirconium tungstate (ZT) α-ZrW₂O₈ (ii) at temperatures 23 °C, 120 °C and 180 °C. The ball-on-disk testing scheme was used according to standard with AISI 52100 steel balls rubbed against a polymer composite disks at normal force P = 5 N and sliding velocity V = 0.3 m/s. The PEI/PTFE/ZT composite demonstrated a tendency for wear rate (WR) reduction in sliding at 120 °C and 180 °C as compared to corresponding WR enhancement on the PEI/PTFE. The rationale is provided that the ZT additive effectively reduced thermal expansion of the PTFE in the PEI matrix and thus improved wear resistance of the composite. New thermal expansion-controlled wear and friction instability mechanism has been proposed and discussed.

热膨胀失配应力可能是聚合物复合材料制成的密封和轴承部件在高温下与金属表面摩擦而过早失效的原因。这对于装载了具有高热膨胀系数的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）抗摩擦夹杂物的聚合物基复合材料尤为重要。为此，我们进行了一项研究，以阐明在 23 ℃、120 ℃ 和 180 ℃ 温度条件下，热失配对装有聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）颗粒（i）或覆盖有负热膨胀锆钨酸盐（ZT）α-ZrW2O8 的 PTFE 颗粒（ii）的无定形聚醚酰亚胺（PEI）基体的磨损和摩擦的影响。根据标准，采用球对盘测试方案，用 AISI 52100 钢球与聚合物复合盘摩擦，法向力 P = 5 N，滑动速度 V = 0.3 m/s。PEI/PTFE/ZT 复合材料在 120 °C 和 180 °C 时的滑动磨损率（WR）呈下降趋势，而 PEI/PTFE 的磨损率则相应提高。理由是 ZT 添加剂有效降低了 PEI 基体中 PTFE 的热膨胀，从而提高了复合材料的耐磨性。提出并讨论了新的热膨胀控制磨损和摩擦不稳定机制。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of elevated temperature galling in hardfacings 硬涂层中高温咬合的机理

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205564

Samuel R. Rogers , David Stewart , Paul Taplin , David Dye

The galling mechanism of Tristelle 5183, an Fe-based hardfacing alloy, was investigated at elevated temperature. The test was performed using a bespoke galling rig. Adhesive transfer and galling were found to occur, as a result of shear at the adhesion boundary and the activation of an internal shear plane within one of the tribosurfaces. During deformation, carbides were observed to have fractured, as a result of the shear train they were exposed to and their lack of ductility. In the case of niobium carbides, their fracture resulted in the formation of voids, which were found to coalesce and led to cracking and adhesive transfer. A tribologically affected zone (TAZ) was found to form, which contained nanocrystalline austenite, as a result of the shear exerted within 30 μm of the adhesion boundaries. The galling of Tristelle 5183 initiated from the formation of an adhesive boundary, followed by sub-surface shear in only one tribosurface, Following further sub-surface shear, an internal shear plane is activated. internal shear and shear at the adhesion boundary continues until fracture occur, resulting in adhesive transfer.

研究了铁基硬面合金 Tristelle 5183 在高温下的咬合机理。测试使用定制的咬合钻机进行。结果发现，由于粘附边界的剪切力和其中一个摩擦面内部剪切面的激活，发生了粘附转移和咬合。在变形过程中，观察到碳化物断裂，这是因为它们受到剪切力的作用，而且缺乏延展性。在碳化铌的情况下，它们的断裂导致了空隙的形成，而空隙的凝聚又导致了开裂和粘合转移。由于在粘附边界 30 μm 范围内施加了剪切力，发现形成了摩擦学影响区（TAZ），其中包含纳米晶奥氏体。Tristelle 5183 的咬合始于粘附边界的形成，随后仅在一个摩擦面上产生次表面剪切，进一步的次表面剪切后，内部剪切面被激活。内部剪切和粘附边界的剪切一直持续到断裂发生，导致粘附转移。

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引用次数: 0

Attaining exceptional wear resistance in an in-situ ceramic phase reinforced NbMoWTa refractory high entropy alloy composite by Spark plasma sintering 利用火花等离子烧结技术实现原位陶瓷相增强 NbMoWTa 难熔高熵合金复合材料的优异耐磨性

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205572

Xuhui Pei , Yin Du , Hanming Wang , Mingchuan Hu , Yuehui Li , Wei Zhou , Haifeng Wang

The refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs) exhibit great potential as structural components for aerospace equipment. However, their lack of wear resistance and increased coefficient of friction at room temperature (RT) impose limitations on their practical applications. Therefore, further enhancements are required to improve their friction and wear properties under RT. In this context, the development of NbMoWTa(h-BN)_x RHEA ceramic composites in this work offers a viable solution to address this issue. Experimental results demonstrate that the addition of h-BN leads to the in-situ generation of (Nb,Ta)N/(Nb,Ta)₂N and (Nb,Ta)B₂ ceramic phases, significantly enhancing the hardness and wear resistance of the composites. The wear rate of NbMoWTa(h-BN)_0.5 reaching as low as 1.32 × 10⁻⁸ mm³/Nm, which is four orders of magnitude lower than that of the RHEA. The NbMoWTa RHEA exhibits significant adhesive wear, which can be effectively mitigated in composites through the uniform dispersion of ceramic phase particles with lower mean free path. The abrasive particles primarily interact with the hard strengthening phase, effectively inhibiting plastic deformation in their vicinity. Consequently, the reduced mean free path between the ceramic phases limits the likelihood of metal matrix removal. Subsequently, aided by the presence of ceramic phases, the spontaneous formation of protective third bodies further inhibit surface material removal and ultimately ensures exceptional wear resistance.

难熔高熵合金（RHEAs）作为航空航天设备的结构部件具有巨大潜力。然而，它们缺乏耐磨性以及在室温（RT）下摩擦系数增大的问题限制了它们的实际应用。因此，需要进一步改进它们在室温下的摩擦和磨损性能。在此背景下，本研究开发的 NbMoWTa（h-BN）x RHEA 陶瓷复合材料为解决这一问题提供了可行的解决方案。实验结果表明，h-BN 的加入导致了 (Nb,Ta)N/(Nb,Ta)2N 和 (Nb,Ta)B2 陶瓷相的原位生成，显著提高了复合材料的硬度和耐磨性。NbMoWTa(h-BN)0.5 的磨损率低至 1.32 × 10-8 mm3/Nm，比 RHEA 低四个数量级。NbMoWTa RHEA 表现出明显的粘着磨损，通过均匀分散具有较低平均自由路径的陶瓷相颗粒，可有效减轻复合材料中的粘着磨损。磨料颗粒主要与硬质强化相相互作用，有效抑制了其附近的塑性变形。因此，陶瓷相之间平均自由路径的减少限制了金属基体去除的可能性。随后，在陶瓷相的帮助下，自发形成的保护性第三体进一步抑制了表面材料的去除，最终确保了优异的耐磨性。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation of protective coatings for the leading edge of wind turbine blades and investigation of their water droplet erosion behavior 风力涡轮机叶片前缘保护涂层的制备及其水滴侵蚀行为研究

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205568

Zilong Zheng , Haijing Sun , Weihai Xue , Deli Duan , Guoliang Chen , Xin Zhou , Jie Sun

The damage caused by rain droplet erosion to the leading edge of wind turbine blades is extremely severe. To reduce this issue, in this study, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were used as the polyurethane (PU) polyol and curing agent, respectively, to prepare a PU coating with a high resistance to water droplet erosion (WDE) for the protection of the leading edge of wind turbine blades. The effect of n (–NCO):n (–OH) (R-value, n is the molar ratio) on the mechanical properties and WDE resistance of PU coatings, the relationship between the two performances, and the influence of the erosion conditions on the WDE behavior were investigated for the first time. The results show the existence of a correlation between the mechanical properties (hardness, impact, flexibility, and tensile strength) and WDE resistance of the coating. While, a better abrasion resistance is found not to result in a better WDE resistance. The PU coating with an R-value of 1.2 shows an optimal WDE resistance in both atomization and jet erosion experiments. In atomized droplet erosion (ADE) experiments, the change in erosion velocity accelerates the incubation period of coating erosion damage and increases the erosion rate. In jet droplet erosion (JDE) experiments, the damage to the coating is closely related to the erosion angle, reaching a maximum at an impact angle of 60°. Furthermore, in the ADE experiments, various erosion morphologies, such as pits, grooves, cracks, and stepped texture, are observed on the damaged coating surface. While, regarding the JDE experiments, holes, grooves, and cracks are observed. Such damage is caused by the combined effects of water hammer pressure, lateral jets, and local permeation.

雨滴对风力涡轮机叶片前缘的侵蚀造成了极其严重的损坏。为了减少这一问题，本研究采用羟基封端聚丁二烯（HTPB）和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）分别作为聚氨酯（PU）多元醇和固化剂，制备了一种具有高抗水滴侵蚀（WDE）性能的聚氨酯涂层，用于保护风力涡轮机叶片的前缘。首次研究了 n (-NCO):n (-OH)（R 值，n 为摩尔比）对聚氨酯涂层机械性能和抗水滴侵蚀性的影响、两种性能之间的关系以及侵蚀条件对水滴侵蚀行为的影响。结果表明，涂层的机械性能（硬度、冲击力、柔韧性和拉伸强度）与耐 WDE 性之间存在相关性。而耐磨性越好，其抗 WDE 性能也就越好。R 值为 1.2 的聚氨酯涂层在雾化和喷射侵蚀实验中都表现出了最佳的抗 WDE 性能。在雾化液滴侵蚀（ADE）实验中，侵蚀速度的变化加快了涂层侵蚀损伤的潜伏期并提高了侵蚀速率。在喷射液滴侵蚀（JDE）实验中，涂层的损伤与侵蚀角度密切相关，在冲击角度为 60° 时达到最大值。此外，在 ADE 实验中，在受损涂层表面观察到各种侵蚀形态，如凹坑、沟槽、裂纹和阶梯纹理。而在 JDE 实验中，则观察到孔洞、沟槽和裂纹。这种损坏是由水锤压力、横向喷射和局部渗透的共同作用造成的。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation and analysis of abrasive wear resistance of hybrid roller bearings under lubricant contamination 评估和分析润滑剂污染下混合滚子轴承的耐磨损性

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205570

Xudong Zhao , Yimin Zhang , Shuzhi Gao

Abrasive wear is a common failure mode of rolling bearings. To enhance the resistance of traditional all-steel bearings to abrasive wear, the structure of traditional all-steel cylindrical thrust roller bearings has been appropriately adjusted, and hybrid roller bearings have been formed by replacing some of the steel rollers in the traditional bearings with ceramic rollers. The frictional performance of hybrid roller bearings under lubricant contamination conditions was analyzed, and the wear reduction mechanism was discussed. The results show that under the condition of lubricant contamination, replacing the appropriate amount of ceramic rollers not only helps reduce friction and decrease wear but also contributes to improving the overall temperature rise of the bearing. Furthermore, when the total amount of contaminants is constant, a specific threshold exists for the impact of replacing the number of rolling elements on reducing mass loss. For a substantial reduction in wear with hybrid roller bearings, the replacement rollers should constitute at least one-fifth of the total number of rollers. The wear reduction observed in hybrid roller bearings results from a combination of crushing and refinement, grinding and finishing, and self-healing mechanisms.

磨料磨损是滚动轴承常见的失效模式。为了提高传统全钢轴承的抗磨粒磨损能力，对传统全钢推力圆柱滚子轴承的结构进行了适当调整，用陶瓷滚子取代了传统轴承中的部分钢滚子，形成了混合滚子轴承。对混合滚子轴承在润滑剂污染条件下的摩擦性能进行了分析，并探讨了磨损降低机理。结果表明，在润滑剂污染条件下，更换适量的陶瓷滚子不仅有助于降低摩擦和减少磨损，还有助于改善轴承的整体温升。此外，当污染物总量不变时，更换滚动体数量对减少质量损失的影响存在一个特定的临界值。为了大幅降低混合滚子轴承的磨损，更换的滚子至少应占滚子总数的五分之一。在混合滚子轴承中观察到的磨损减少是破碎和细化、研磨和精加工以及自修复机制共同作用的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of airborne particle monitoring technique for assessment of wear progression of mechanical components 空气颗粒监测技术在评估机械部件磨损进展方面的有效性

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205566

Youn-Hoo Hwang, Tae-Hyeong Kim, Dae-Eun Kim

For effective implementation of smart machine technology, there is a great demand for real-time monitoring of the wear progression of machine components. In this work, the effectiveness of assessing wear by monitoring the airborne wear particles was investigated. Sliding wear tests were performed using different combinations of stainless steel (SUS304) and alumina material pairs while monitoring the size distribution and the number of particles using a particle counter. The results showed that particles less than 2 μm in size accounted for more than 83 % of the total number of airborne particles. However, particles greater than 2 μm account for 95 % of the volume of airborne particles. Additionally, in the case of wear volume, the total wear volume, which is the sum of the plate and the ball wear volumes, should be similar to that of the total airborne particle volume. For the SUS304/SUS304 pair, the total wear volume and the total airborne particle volume were very similar. However, in the case of alumina/SUS304 and alumina/alumina, the total wear volume and total airborne particle volume were not similar, and the total wear volume was significantly higher than the total airborne particle volume. The effectiveness of the airborne particle monitoring technique depended strongly on the material pairs. This was due to the fact that particle dispersion behavior varied with respect to the wear mechanisms of the materials.

为有效实施智能机器技术，对机器部件磨损进展的实时监测有很大的需求。在这项工作中，我们研究了通过监测空气中的磨损颗粒来评估磨损的有效性。使用不锈钢（SUS304）和氧化铝材料对的不同组合进行了滑动磨损测试，同时使用颗粒计数器监测颗粒的大小分布和数量。结果表明，尺寸小于 2 μm 的颗粒占空气传播颗粒总数的 83% 以上。然而，大于 2 μm 的颗粒占空气中颗粒体积的 95%。此外，就磨损体积而言，总磨损体积（即钢板和钢球磨损体积之和）应与空气中颗粒的总体积相近。对于 SUS304/SUS304 组合，总磨损量和总空气传播颗粒量非常接近。但是，在氧化铝/SUS304 和氧化铝/氧化铝的情况下，总磨损量和总空气传播颗粒量并不相似，总磨损量明显高于总空气传播颗粒量。空气传播颗粒监测技术的有效性在很大程度上取决于材料对。这是由于颗粒的分散行为随材料的磨损机制而变化。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental study of wear and rolling contact fatigue in railway wheel steels coupled with various brake block materials: Insights from innovative small-scale testing 铁路车轮钢与各种制动块材料的磨损和滚动接触疲劳实验研究：创新性小规模试验的启示

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205558

Lorenzo Ghidini, Angelo Mazzù, Michela Faccoli

This study presents a comprehensive analysis using an innovative testing method of two wheel steels paired with cast iron and organic composite brake block materials. By conducting tests under consistent conditions and varying in duration, the study examines temperature profiles, friction coefficients, surface characteristics, weight loss, and microstructural changes in wheel samples, emphasizing the distinct behaviour of these materials in braking applications and the damage evolution over time. The results demonstrate that organic composite brake samples outperform those in cast iron, showcasing smoother wheel sample surfaces and stable friction coefficients. Weight loss analysis reveals the environmental benefits of organic composite brakes, emitting fewer particulates than cast iron counterparts. Microstructural examinations uncover the formation of a Thermal White Etching Layer (T-WEL) on wheel samples tested with cast iron samples, leading to cracks and material detachment. Conversely, extended use of organic composite samples led to a "thermal fuse effect", impacting their efficiency and suggesting the need of careful temperature management in sustained braking scenarios. Despite significant differences in wheel steels, the study underscores the critical role of brake material in braking improvements. The findings not only enhance the scientific understanding of brake material behaviour but also introduce an innovative, cost-effective, and fast 4-contact machine testing method.

本研究采用创新的测试方法，对两种轮毂钢与铸铁和有机复合制动块材料进行了全面分析。通过在一致的条件下进行持续时间不同的测试，该研究检查了车轮样品的温度曲线、摩擦系数、表面特征、重量损失和微观结构变化，强调了这些材料在制动应用中的不同行为以及随着时间推移的损坏演变。结果表明，有机复合材料制动器样品的性能优于铸铁制动器样品，车轮样品表面更光滑，摩擦系数更稳定。重量损失分析表明，有机复合材料制动器比铸铁制动器排放的微粒更少，具有环保优势。微观结构检查发现，与铸铁样品一起测试的车轮样品上形成了热白色蚀刻层（T-WEL），导致裂纹和材料脱落。相反，长时间使用有机复合材料样品会导致 "热熔效应"，影响其效率，并表明在持续制动情况下需要谨慎的温度管理。尽管车轮钢材存在显著差异，但这项研究强调了制动材料在制动改进中的关键作用。研究结果不仅加深了对制动材料性能的科学理解，还引入了一种创新、经济、快速的四接触机器测试方法。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of electron beam remelting on microstructure and wear properties of HVOF Ni/WC coatings 电子束重熔对 HVOF Ni/WC 涂层微观结构和磨损性能的影响

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205560

Juan Li , Qingcheng Guo , Qingyao Tang , Guanghui Zhao , Huaying Li , Lifeng Ma

In order to improve the wear resistance of Inconel 617 alloy, Ni/WC composite coatings were prepared on it by High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) and electron beam remelting techniques. The effects of remelting beam current (16 mA–25 mA) on the macroscopic morphology, physical phase composition and microstructure of remelted coatings were investigated. The effect of microcomposition on the mechanical properties of remelted coatings was analyzed in combination with hardness tests and friction wear experiments. The experimental results showed that good metallurgical bonding was formed for 19 mA, 22 mA and 25 mA specimens after electron beam remelting. The bonding of the 16 mA specimen was a combination of metallurgical and mechanical bonding. The remelted coating generated new phases such as W₂C, M₃B and Cr₂₃C₆. With the increase of remelting beam current, the WC decomposition became more and more serious, and the grain growth tendency was evident. The remelted coatings prepared with different parameters showed a significant increase in microhardness compared to both the substrate and HVOF coatings. Friction wear experiments with SiC balls as counterbodies show that the wear increases gradually with increasing beam flow at 100 N and under dry friction conditions. The wear mechanism of HVOF coatings was abrasive, and the wear mechanism of remelted coatings was mainly abrasive and adhesive. In summary, the 22 mA specimen had a strong metallurgical bond. The hardness and abrasion resistance were improved compared to the substrate and the HVOF coating, i.e., the 22 mA specimen had the best overall performance.

为了提高 Inconel 617 合金的耐磨性，采用高速氧气燃料（HVOF）和电子束重熔技术制备了 Ni/WC 复合涂层。研究了重熔束电流（16 mA-25 mA）对重熔涂层的宏观形貌、物相组成和微观结构的影响。结合硬度测试和摩擦磨损实验，分析了微观组成对重熔涂层机械性能的影响。实验结果表明，19 mA、22 mA 和 25 mA 试样在电子束重熔后形成了良好的冶金结合。16 mA 试样的结合是冶金结合和机械结合的结合。重熔涂层产生了 W2C、M3B 和 Cr23C6 等新相。随着重熔束电流的增加，WC 分解越来越严重，晶粒生长趋势明显。与基体和 HVOF 涂层相比，用不同参数制备的重熔涂层的显微硬度显著提高。以 SiC 球为反面的摩擦磨损实验表明，在 100 N 和干摩擦条件下，磨损量随着束流的增加而逐渐增大。HVOF 涂层的磨损机理是研磨，而重熔涂层的磨损机理主要是研磨和粘合。总之，22 毫安试样具有很强的冶金结合力。与基体和 HVOF 涂层相比，硬度和耐磨性都有所提高，即 22 mA 试样的综合性能最好。

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引用次数: 0

Study on cavitation erosion and slurry erosion resistance of martensitic precipitation hardening stainless steel coatings fabricated by high power laser cladding 高功率激光熔覆马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢涂层抗气蚀和浆液侵蚀性能研究

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205562

Xu Liu, Li Meng, Xiaoyan Zeng, Beibei Zhu, Jiaming Cao, Kaiwen Wei, Qianwu Hu

The present study systematically compared the cavitation erosion (CE) and slurry erosion (SE) resistance of 0Cr12Ni9A and 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb coatings fabricated by high power laser cladding (HPLC) and the differences in CE and SE resistance were revealed by combining microstructure and mechanical properties. The experimental results indicated that the build rate of HPLC reached 256 mm³/s, which was much higher than that achieved by traditional low power laser cladding (154 mm³/s). Furthermore, the hardness (50 HRC), ultimate tensile strength (1370 MPa), yield strength (1349 MPa) and break elongation (11.5 %) of 0Cr12Ni9A coating were 1.11 times, 1.12 times, 1.25 times and 0.59 times that of 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb coating, respectively. The CE and SE resistance of the 0Cr12Ni9A coating were 9.51 times, 0.63 times (attack angle $α$ = 45°) and 1.23 times (90°) than that of the 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb coating and 22.87 times, 1.32 times (45°), 1.91 times (90°) than that of the 0Cr13Ni5Mo substrate, respectively. The cladding layers with high hardness and strength exhibits enhanced CE and SE (90°) resistance due to the higher resistance to plastic deformation and failure when facing the vertical impact of cavitation bubble collapse or sand particles. However, the SE resistance (45°) is related to the unit volume fracture energy, with a higher value indicating more effective absorption of kinetic energy from impacting sand particles, resulting in reduced flaky peeling off for improved SE resistance. The high build rate of HPLC and the exceptional CE and SE resistance of 0Cr12Ni9A coating material provide a novel solution to extend the service life of Pelton turbines.

本研究系统比较了高功率激光熔覆（HPLC）工艺制作的 0Cr12Ni9A 和 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb 涂层的抗空化侵蚀（CE）和抗浆液侵蚀（SE）性能，并结合微观结构和机械性能揭示了其抗 CE 和 SE 性能的差异。实验结果表明，HPLC 的堆积速率达到 256 mm3/s，远高于传统低功率激光熔覆的堆积速率（154 mm3/s）。此外，0Cr12Ni9A 涂层的硬度（50 HRC）、极限拉伸强度（1370 兆帕）、屈服强度（1349 兆帕）和断裂伸长率（11.5%）分别是 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb 涂层的 1.11 倍、1.12 倍、1.25 倍和 0.59 倍。0Cr12Ni9A 涂层的抗 CE 和 SE 能力分别是 0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb 涂层的 9.51 倍、0.63 倍（攻角 α = 45°）和 1.23 倍（90°），是 0Cr13Ni5Mo 基体的 22.87 倍、1.32 倍（45°）和 1.91 倍（90°）。高硬度和高强度的覆层具有更强的抗 CE 和 SE（90°）能力，这是因为在面对空化气泡坍塌或沙粒的垂直冲击时，覆层具有更强的抗塑性变形和失效能力。不过，抗 SE（45°）能力与单位体积断裂能有关，数值越高，表明越能有效吸收冲击砂粒的动能，从而减少片状剥落，提高抗 SE 能力。HPLC 的高形成率和 0Cr12Ni9A 涂层材料优异的抗 CE 和 SE 性能为延长 Pelton 涡轮机的使用寿命提供了一种新的解决方案。

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