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英文中文

Mechanical properties and impact abrasive wear resistance in vanadium microalloyed medium carbon CrMo cast steel strengthened with nanoprecipitates

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205679

Long Zhao, Haining Liu, Xiangru Chen, Ganchao Zhai, Qijie Zhai

The introduction of nanoprecipitates is highly effective in enhancing both strength and wear resistance of wear-resistant steels. In this study, the nanoprecipitates were introduced into medium carbon CrMo cast steel to improve mechanical properties and impact abrasive wear resistance. To control the density, size and distribution of nanoprecipitates generated through heat treatment, the vanadium was added. The effects of vanadium on impact abrasive wear resistance, along with their mechanical properties such as hardness, impact energy, and strength in medium carbon CrMo cast steel are systematically investigated. The results reveal that, compared to the V-free steel, the density of nanoprecipitates in the V-added steel increases from 0.89 × 10¹²/m² to 2.76 × 10¹²/m², while the average diameter decreases to 92 nm, accompanied by a refinement of austenite grain size from 26.9 μm to 12.5 μm. The V-added steel exhibits a significant increase in yield strength (from 1450 MPa to 1630 MPa) and a decrease in impact energy (from 157 J to 127 J), while Rockwell hardness remains unchanged (53 HRC). This strengthening is mainly attributed to precipitation hardening and grain-boundary hardening induced by the addition of vanadium. Furthermore, the impact abrasive wear resistance of the V-added steel is enhanced by over one-fourth compared to V-free steel, which is attributed to the formation of a harder work-hardening layer. The wear mechanisms involve microploughing, microcutting, and a certain degree of surface fatigue, such as indentation, in medium carbon CrMo cast steel. However, with the introduction of vanadium, there is a notable decrease in the depths of microploughing, microcutting, and indentation.

{"title":"Mechanical properties and impact abrasive wear resistance in vanadium microalloyed medium carbon CrMo cast steel strengthened with nanoprecipitates","authors":"Long Zhao, Haining Liu, Xiangru Chen, Ganchao Zhai, Qijie Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The introduction of nanoprecipitates is highly effective in enhancing both strength and wear resistance of wear-resistant steels. In this study, the nanoprecipitates were introduced into medium carbon CrMo cast steel to improve mechanical properties and impact abrasive wear resistance. To control the density, size and distribution of nanoprecipitates generated through heat treatment, the vanadium was added. The effects of vanadium on impact abrasive wear resistance, along with their mechanical properties such as hardness, impact energy, and strength in medium carbon CrMo cast steel are systematically investigated. The results reveal that, compared to the V-free steel, the density of nanoprecipitates in the V-added steel increases from 0.89 × 10<sup>12</sup>/m<sup>2</sup> to 2.76 × 10<sup>12</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>, while the average diameter decreases to 92 nm, accompanied by a refinement of austenite grain size from 26.9 μm to 12.5 μm. The V-added steel exhibits a significant increase in yield strength (from 1450 MPa to 1630 MPa) and a decrease in impact energy (from 157 J to 127 J), while Rockwell hardness remains unchanged (53 HRC). This strengthening is mainly attributed to precipitation hardening and grain-boundary hardening induced by the addition of vanadium. Furthermore, the impact abrasive wear resistance of the V-added steel is enhanced by over one-fourth compared to V-free steel, which is attributed to the formation of a harder work-hardening layer. The wear mechanisms involve microploughing, microcutting, and a certain degree of surface fatigue, such as indentation, in medium carbon CrMo cast steel. However, with the introduction of vanadium, there is a notable decrease in the depths of microploughing, microcutting, and indentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":"562 ","pages":"Article 205679"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantitative evolution of tribo-layers in copper based friction materials for high-speed trains operating at 400 km/h equivalent energy density: Ratio of formation to damage 等效能量密度为400 km/h的高速列车用铜基摩擦材料摩擦层的定量演化：形成与损伤之比

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205678

Yuxuan Xu , Peiyu Zhou , Qi Chen , Ziyi Liu , Xing Wang , Minwen Deng , Haibin Zhou , Yong Han , Pingping Yao

The quantitative Evolution of the braking properties and tribo-layer of copper based friction materials (CBFM) at 400 km/h equivalent energy density was investigated. The braking properties of CBFM were determined, with two significant degradations at the 1st and 12th cycles. The ratio of formation to damage of the tribo-layer, t, based on the thickness of the sub-surface of CBFM and wear debris, was defined. The variation of t showed an excellent correlation with the decline in the coefficient of friction. The mechanically mixed layer (MML) deteriorates after the first cycle, evolving into a mixed MML-PDL (plastic deformation layer) structure. The deformed substrate gradually loses hard particles, resulting in a tribo-layer predominantly composed of severely deformed copper, with minimal iron content and numerous defects.

研究了铜基摩擦材料（CBFM）在400 km/h当量能量密度下制动性能和摩擦层的定量演变。测定了CBFM的制动性能，在第1次和第12次循环时出现了两次明显的退化。基于CBFM的亚表面厚度和磨损屑的厚度，定义了摩擦层形成与损伤的比值t。t的变化与摩擦系数的减小有很好的相关性。机械混合层（MML）在第一次循环后劣化，演变为混合MML- pdl（塑性变形层）结构。变形的衬底逐渐失去硬颗粒，导致摩擦层主要由严重变形的铜组成，铁含量极低，缺陷众多。

引用次数: 0

High-pressure cooling effects on tool wear mechanism and chip formation in GH4169 superalloy turning

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205675

Yali Zhang , Quanli Zhang , Mingtao Wu , Mingyang Wu , Honghua Su

GH4169 superalloy is widely used in the aerospace industry due to its high specific strength, excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, good fatigue resistance, and superior creep strength. However, its high strength and low thermal conductivity result in severe tool wear and chip-breaking difficulties during the turning process. This leads to degradation in surface quality and a significant decrease in fatigue resistance. High-pressure cooling lubrication-assisted machining technology can enhance the machinability of this superalloy. In this work, finite element simulation is used to analyze the influence of various high-pressure cooling parameters (injection diameter, angle, and pressure) on chip formation, burr morphology, and tool wear during turning with a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tool. Comparative experiments are conducted to investigate tool wear, chip morphology, and burr formation under dry and high-pressure cooling conditions, verifying simulation accuracy. The results indicate that dry turning produces long spiral chips and significant tool wear. In contrast, high-pressure cooling changes chip morphology from long to short spirals, reduces burr formation, and decreases tool wear. Optimal parameters include an injection pressure of 50 bar, an angle of 0°, and a diameter of 1.6 mm, which lead to extended tool life, well-formed chips, and reduced burrs.

{"title":"High-pressure cooling effects on tool wear mechanism and chip formation in GH4169 superalloy turning","authors":"Yali Zhang , Quanli Zhang , Mingtao Wu , Mingyang Wu , Honghua Su","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GH4169 superalloy is widely used in the aerospace industry due to its high specific strength, excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, good fatigue resistance, and superior creep strength. However, its high strength and low thermal conductivity result in severe tool wear and chip-breaking difficulties during the turning process. This leads to degradation in surface quality and a significant decrease in fatigue resistance. High-pressure cooling lubrication-assisted machining technology can enhance the machinability of this superalloy. In this work, finite element simulation is used to analyze the influence of various high-pressure cooling parameters (injection diameter, angle, and pressure) on chip formation, burr morphology, and tool wear during turning with a polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tool. Comparative experiments are conducted to investigate tool wear, chip morphology, and burr formation under dry and high-pressure cooling conditions, verifying simulation accuracy. The results indicate that dry turning produces long spiral chips and significant tool wear. In contrast, high-pressure cooling changes chip morphology from long to short spirals, reduces burr formation, and decreases tool wear. Optimal parameters include an injection pressure of 50 bar, an angle of 0°, and a diameter of 1.6 mm, which lead to extended tool life, well-formed chips, and reduced burrs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":"564 ","pages":"Article 205675"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143140216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wear mechanism and three-phase synergistic effect of self-mated SiC/Si/graphite composites in unlubricated sliding

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205674

Haifeng Du , Zhibao Hou , Zhenrong Tang , Zhenqiang Yao

With the aim of applying SiC/Si/graphite composites as thrust-bearing pads and runners under conditions of dry friction start-stop cycles and a transient absence of lubrication, the tribological behaviors of self-mated SiC/Si/graphite composites were investigated using pin-on-disc tribology tests under various applied loads and sliding speeds without lubricants. The results show that the friction coefficient values range between 0.10 and 0.21, and the total specific wear rates of the discs and pins are below 9.5 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/N·m. When the flash temperature is greater than 1500 °C, the main wear mechanism changes from two-body abrasive wear between SiC and graphite to oxidation wear of SiC and Si, three-body abrasive wear and adhesive wear of graphite and tribological film. The synergistic effects of Si, SiC, and graphite on wear reduction and tribological film formation were also elucidated.

引用次数: 0

Effect of carbon black properties on cut and chip wear of natural rubber

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205673

William Amoako Kyei-Manu , Lewis B. Tunnicliffe , Charles R. Herd , Keizo Akutagawa , Radek Stoček , James J.C. Busfield

The effect of carbon black colloidal properties on cut and chip wear of natural rubber compounds is investigated across a wide range of applied impact normal forces using an Instrumented Cut and Chip Analyzer (ICCA). The objective of the study is to determine the basic fatigue and fracture mechanisms that drive cut and chip wear. Natural rubber compounds reinforced with eight different carbon blacks varying in structure and surface area are studied. The loading of the carbon blacks in the rubber compounds is fixed at 50 parts per hundred rubber (phr). The cut and chip performance strongly correlates to both the carbon black morphological properties and the resulting compound mechanical and fracture properties. The cut and chip performance also depends on the applied impact normal force level. At low forces, high structure carbon blacks result in compounds which are stiffer and deflect less under the applied impact normal forces and minimize cut and chip wear. At high forces, low structure carbon black compounds, which are softer and more readily able to crystallize under force-controlled deflection, minimize cut and chip wear. It is argued that at low applied impact normal forces, the cut and chip behavior is dominated by a force-controlled fatigue crack growth mechanism which transitions to a critical tearing energy dominated mechanism at high applied impact normal forces. It is therefore important to understand the severity of application to select optimum compound properties such as the carbon black type to minimize cut and chip wear in application.

{"title":"Effect of carbon black properties on cut and chip wear of natural rubber","authors":"William Amoako Kyei-Manu , Lewis B. Tunnicliffe , Charles R. Herd , Keizo Akutagawa , Radek Stoček , James J.C. Busfield","doi":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wear.2024.205673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of carbon black colloidal properties on cut and chip wear of natural rubber compounds is investigated across a wide range of applied impact normal forces using an Instrumented Cut and Chip Analyzer (ICCA). The objective of the study is to determine the basic fatigue and fracture mechanisms that drive cut and chip wear. Natural rubber compounds reinforced with eight different carbon blacks varying in structure and surface area are studied. The loading of the carbon blacks in the rubber compounds is fixed at 50 parts per hundred rubber (phr). The cut and chip performance strongly correlates to both the carbon black morphological properties and the resulting compound mechanical and fracture properties. The cut and chip performance also depends on the applied impact normal force level. At low forces, high structure carbon blacks result in compounds which are stiffer and deflect less under the applied impact normal forces and minimize cut and chip wear. At high forces, low structure carbon black compounds, which are softer and more readily able to crystallize under force-controlled deflection, minimize cut and chip wear. It is argued that at low applied impact normal forces, the cut and chip behavior is dominated by a force-controlled fatigue crack growth mechanism which transitions to a critical tearing energy dominated mechanism at high applied impact normal forces. It is therefore important to understand the severity of application to select optimum compound properties such as the carbon black type to minimize cut and chip wear in application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23970,"journal":{"name":"Wear","volume":"564 ","pages":"Article 205673"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tool wear and surface topography shaping after TPl multi-axis milling of Ni-based superalloy of the torus milling cutter using the strategy of adaptive change of the active cutting edge segment 采用主动切削刃段自适应变化策略对环面铣刀镍基高温合金TPl多轴铣削后的刀具磨损和表面形貌成形进行了研究

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205637

Michał Gdula , Jerzy Józwik , Agnieszka Skoczylas

This paper details an investigation of the process of multi-axis high-speed milling of the surface of Ni-based superalloy Inconel 718 parts used the torus milling cutter. Presents the issues and development of the own models of the multi-axis milling in a kinematic variant of the TPl (Tool Pulling) type in terms of tool wear. Because the cutting speed in finishing high-speed milling is the parameter with the greatest influence on tool life and surface roughness, the dependence of the variation of the cutting speed at the torus part of the cutter was first determined as a function of the distance from the tip point along the axial direction and the geometrical parameters of the torus. A model for multi-axis milling of the TPl type was developed and described in a simplified manner, which forms the basis of an own ACACES strategy for segmenting the cutting edge of a torus milling cutter. The adaptation of a given segment to the active cutting edge during machining was based on tool wear and kinematic roughness criteria. Simulations and experiments of multi-axis milling were carried out, and the necessary analyses were performed. In this paper, in addition to testing an in-house strategy for multi-axis milling used the torus milling cutter, the problem of defining the cutting speed in relation to the nominal diameter and effective diameter of the tool is investigated for the first time. In addition, wear measurement was carried out using an in-house methodology, taking full advantage of the capabilities of the multi-axis machining centre, which significantly reduced measurement time and positively influenced the effectiveness of tool life assessment. Using the own ACACES strategy of the multi-axis surface milling of parts made of Ni-based superalloys, an almost fourfold increase in torus cutter life was achieved compared to the conventional strategy, while maintaining the required machined surface roughness parameters.

研究了用环面铣刀对镍基高温合金Inconel 718零件表面进行多轴高速铣削加工的工艺。从刀具磨损的角度，介绍了多轴铣削在TPl（刀具拉拔）类型的运动变型中的问题和自己的模型的发展。由于精加工高速铣削中的切削速度是对刀具寿命和表面粗糙度影响最大的参数，因此首先确定了刀具环面部分切削速度变化的依赖关系，该关系是刀具尖点沿轴向距离和环面几何参数的函数。建立了一种简化的TPl型多轴铣削模型，并对其进行了描述，为环面铣刀切割刃口的ACACES策略奠定了基础。在加工过程中，基于刀具磨损和运动粗糙度准则对给定工件的主动切削刃进行自适应。对多轴铣削进行了仿真和实验，并进行了必要的分析。在本文中，除了测试使用环面铣刀进行多轴铣削的内部策略外，还首次研究了刀具公称直径和有效直径与切削速度的关系。此外，使用内部方法进行磨损测量，充分利用多轴加工中心的功能，这大大减少了测量时间，并积极影响了刀具寿命评估的有效性。采用自己的ACACES策略对镍基高温合金零件进行多轴面铣削，在保持所需加工表面粗糙度参数的情况下，环面刀具寿命比常规策略提高了近四倍。

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引用次数: 0

Sawing force modeling and analysis for diamond wire sawing PV monocrystalline silicon considering abrasive wear 考虑磨料磨损的光伏单晶硅金刚石线锯锯切力建模与分析

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205669

Yufeng Guo, Yufei Gao, Chunfeng Yang

In the process of diamond wire sawing, the sawing force is produced by wire bow formed by the diamond wire. The wear of the diamond wire during sawing will decrease its ability of removing materials, thereby increasing the wire bow and the sawing force, affecting the quality of the as-sawn wafers and even increasing the risk of wire breakage. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of wire breakage, it is of great significance to establish a sawing force model considering wear and realize the theoretical prediction and analysis of sawing force. In this paper, different forms of abrasives on the surface of the diamond wire are characterized, and the change of wear rate in sawing is analyzed. Combined with the material removal process, a sawing force model considering wear of the abrasives was founded, and the accuracy of the model was verified by sawing experiments. The sawing force of the wire web under multi-wire processing parameters in the industrial production of photovoltaic monocrystalline silicon wafers was analyzed using the established model. With the increase of wire speed from 1500 m/min to 2700 m/min, the peak value of wire web sawing force gradually decreases from 7.12N/m to 4.47 N/m. With the increase of feeding speed from 1.7 mm/min to 2.9 mm/min, the peak value of wire web sawing force gradually increases from 4.3 N/m to 6.55 N/m. The research results provide guiding significance for diamond wire sawing production.

在金刚石线锯切过程中，锯切力是由金刚石线形成的线弓产生的。锯切过程中金刚石线的磨损会降低其去除材料的能力，从而增加线弓和锯切力，影响锯切硅片的质量，甚至增加断线的风险。因此，为了降低断丝风险，建立考虑磨损的锯切力模型，实现锯切力的理论预测和分析具有重要意义。本文对金刚石线表面不同形式的磨料进行了表征，并分析了锯切过程中磨损率的变化。结合材料去除过程，建立了考虑磨料磨损的锯切力模型，并通过锯切实验验证了模型的准确性。利用建立的模型，分析了光伏单晶硅片工业生产中多线加工参数下的线材锯切力。随着线速度从 1500 m/min 提高到 2700 m/min，线材锯切力的峰值从 7.12 N/m 逐渐下降到 4.47 N/m。随着送丝速度从 1.7 mm/min 增加到 2.9 mm/min，线材锯切力的峰值从 4.3 N/m 逐渐增加到 6.55 N/m。研究结果对金刚石绳锯的生产具有指导意义。

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引用次数: 0

Fog seal with polymer composite modified emulsified asphalt: Road performance and environmental adaptability 聚合物复合改性乳化沥青雾封：路用性能和环境适应性

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205672

Zhentong Fan , Chaohui Wang , Zhibin Wang , Yanwei Li , Lei Feng , Songyuan Tan

Three types of fog seals with polymer modified-emulsified asphalt were prepared to improve the durability of the fog seal and the maintenance quality of asphalt. Based on the skid resistance, water seepage, and wet wheel abrasion, the spraying scheme of the fog seal was determined. The variation of surface drying time under different temperatures and humidity was clarified. The road performance evolution law of fog seal under composite conditions and long-term abrasion was revealed, respectively. The results show that the optimal spraying amount of modified emulsified asphalt for three types of fog seals was 0.6 kg/m². The optimal dosage of fine sand for fog seals with waterborne epoxy/polyurethane modified-emulsified asphalt (WER-WPU-JFC-EA) and waterborne epoxy/polyurethane/styrene-butadiene rubber-modified emulsified asphalt (WER-WPU-SBR-EA) was 0.6 kg/m² and 0.4 kg/m², respectively. Under average temperature and humidity, the traffic open time of the fog seal was 1.0–1.5 h. After the long-term action of thermal-oxygen/freeze-thaw and climate/freeze-thaw, the bonding strength of WER-WPU-JFC-EA and WER-WPU-SBR-EA fog seal was still greater than 0.34 MPa. After 50,000 times of wear, the mass loss of WER-WPU-JFC-EA and WER-WPU-SBR-EA fog seal was below 5.2 %, maintaining good skid resistance and waterproof performance.

为提高雾封的耐久性和沥青的养护质量，采用聚合物改性乳化沥青制备了3种不同类型的雾封。基于抗滑性、渗水性和湿轮磨损性，确定了雾密封的喷涂方案。阐明了不同温度和湿度下表面干燥时间的变化规律。揭示了复合工况和长期磨损工况下雾密封的路用性能演化规律。结果表明：改性乳化沥青对3种雾封的最佳喷施量为0.6 kg/m2；水性环氧/聚氨酯改性乳化沥青（WER-WPU-JFC-EA）和水性环氧/聚氨酯/苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶改性乳化沥青（WER-WPU-SBR-EA）雾封的最佳细砂用量分别为0.6 kg/m2和0.4 kg/m2。在平均温湿度条件下，雾封的通行开启时间为1.0 ~ 1.5 h，经过热氧/冻融和气候/冻融的长期作用后，WER-WPU-JFC-EA和WER-WPU-SBR-EA雾封的结合强度仍大于0.34 MPa。经过5万次的磨损，WER-WPU-JFC-EA和WER-WPU-SBR-EA雾封的质量损失在5.2%以下，保持了良好的防滑和防水性能。

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引用次数: 0

Coating failure detection in scratch testing: A cross-sectional SEM/FIB microscopic study coupled with nonlinear analysis methods in a model titanium nitride/stainless steel system 划痕测试中的涂层失效检测：在氮化钛/不锈钢模型系统中结合非线性分析方法进行横截面 SEM/FIB 显微研究

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205670

Magdalena Łępicka

In modern scratch testing, efforts are made to improve the quality of quantitative measurement of the coating adhesion. This paper proposes a new method for analyzing data collected in scratch tests. The nonlinear analysis methods of both penetration depth and tangential force time series were combined with SEM/FIB cross-sectional studies to monitor the progression of coating failure in a model titanium nitride coated stainless steel system. The applicability of recurrence quantification analysis and diagonal cross-recurrence analysis in scratch testing were discussed.

在现代划痕测试中，人们一直在努力提高涂层附着力定量测量的质量。本文提出了一种分析划痕测试数据的新方法。将穿透深度和切向力时间序列的非线性分析方法与 SEM/FIB 横截面研究相结合，监测氮化钛涂层不锈钢模型系统中涂层破坏的进展。讨论了复发量化分析和对角线交叉复发分析在划痕测试中的适用性。

引用次数: 0

Acoustic emission for real-time monitoring of interfacial erosion-corrosion of austenitic stainless steel in polluted phosphoric acid environment 声发射用于实时监测受污染磷酸环境中奥氏体不锈钢的界面侵蚀-腐蚀情况

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2024.205666

Sabah Aftimi , Younes Kerroum , Hassane Idrissi , Rachid Boulif , Nawal Semlal , Maha Elhawary , Abdelkbir Bellaouchou , Anton José Garcia , Hatem M.A. Amin , Maria Boudalia

Erosion-corrosion is a complex problem causing severe damage of austenitic stainless-steel equipment used in phosphoric acid production. Herein, time-resolved analyses of the acoustic emission (AE) signal together with the corrosion potential and weight loss were performed to online monitor and evaluate the dynamic degradation and depassivation of the 904L stainless steel under the effect of abrasive SiC particles. Important insights into the erosion-corrosion process are gained from the analysis of the AE waveform and its parameters. The characteristic root mean square (RMS) voltage and acoustic energy of AE signals revealed the self-healing difficulty of the passive film, of which the waveform of AE signals showed the appearance of imperfect continuous high intensity waveform, ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 mV. Evaluation of the average frequency spectrum showed that the amount of SiC particles alters the damage mechanism from AE events dominated by ploughing to AE events driven by micro-cutting. This suggests that the imperfect continuous waveform is possibly a precursor to the emergence of new acoustic sources (burst type): sudden jumps of chips from the cutting lips. This response resulted in a quasi-linearity in the mass loss of the alloy with the respective acoustic response at high particle loading (24 g L⁻¹). The non-linear erosion-corrosion behavior suggests that the depassivation-repassivation events are dependent. These results render the combined AE and electrochemical analysis an effective sustainable approach for the online investigation of the synchronously changing erosion and corrosion rates.

腐蚀-腐蚀是一个复杂的问题，会对磷酸生产中使用的奥氏体不锈钢设备造成严重破坏。本文对声发射（AE）信号以及腐蚀电位和重量损失进行了时间分辨分析，以在线监测和评估 904L 不锈钢在碳化硅磨料颗粒作用下的动态降解和去钝化过程。通过分析 AE 波形及其参数，可以深入了解侵蚀-腐蚀过程。AE 信号的均方根（RMS）电压和声能特征揭示了被动膜的自修复难度，其中 AE 信号的波形表现为不完美的连续高强度波形，范围在 0.1 至 0.4 mV 之间。对平均频谱的评估表明，SiC 颗粒的数量改变了损伤机制，从以犁耕为主的 AE 事件转变为以微切割为主的 AE 事件。这表明，不完美的连续波形可能是新声源（爆裂型）出现的前兆：切屑从切口突然跳出。这种反应导致合金的质量损失与高颗粒负荷（24 g L-1）下的相应声学反应呈准线性关系。非线性侵蚀-腐蚀行为表明，去钝化-再钝化事件是相互依赖的。这些结果使声学和电化学分析相结合成为在线研究同步变化的侵蚀和腐蚀速率的一种有效的可持续方法。

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