IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206472

Dongfang Zeng , Yongjie Su , Yan Xu , Zhisheng Liu , Tian Xu , Chaotao Liu , Liantao Lu

This study investigates the fretting wear and fatigue behavior of aluminum alloy–steel connections fastened using type II ring groove rivets under tension loading. It includes fatigue testing, fretting wear and fatigue analysis, and subsequent fatigue strength prediction. Experimental results reveal that fatigue cracks initiate at the edge of the prefabricated hole in the aluminum alloy plate, accompanied by severe fretting wear at the interface between the rivet and the aluminum alloy plate. A finite element model was developed to analyze the contact status and stress distribution within the riveted structure. The actual clamping force was determined by comparing the contact status of the clamped plates observed experimentally and in simulations. Results indicate that the clamping force significantly decreases from its initial value during the test, leading to a reduction in the fatigue strength of the riveted structure. Additionally, the fatigue crack initiation location shifts from the length to the width direction of the aluminum plate, and from a location distant from the prefabricated hole to the hole edge. As tensile stresses govern the crack initiation, the SWT criterion, when accounting for clamping force loss, accurately identifies fatigue crack initiation sites in riveted connection, with a fatigue strength prediction error of 15 %.

本文研究了II型环槽铆钉固定的铝合金-钢连接在拉伸载荷下的微动磨损和疲劳行为。它包括疲劳试验、微动磨损和疲劳分析，以及随后的疲劳强度预测。试验结果表明：铝合金板预制孔边缘处产生疲劳裂纹，铆钉与铝合金板界面处出现严重的微动磨损；建立了有限元模型，分析了铆接结构内部的接触状态和应力分布。实际夹紧力是通过对比实验和模拟观察到的夹紧板的接触状态来确定的。结果表明，在试验过程中，夹紧力较初始值明显减小，导致铆接结构的疲劳强度降低。疲劳裂纹起裂位置由铝板的长度方向向宽度方向偏移，由预制孔向孔边缘偏移。由于拉伸应力控制裂纹起裂，当考虑夹紧力损失时，SWT准则可以准确识别铆接连接的疲劳裂纹起裂位置，疲劳强度预测误差为15%。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative study on microstructural evolution and damage behavior of 316L steel under tangential and impact-sliding fretting in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic 液态铅铋共晶中切向与冲击滑动微动作用下316L钢组织演变与损伤行为的对比研究

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206437

Qi Sun , Qian Yang , Haowen Tang , Yuanyu Zhu , Pengfei Yang , Minhao Zhu

In this paper, the impacts of tangential and impact-sliding fretting on the damage behavior of 316L steel in lead-bismuth eutectic at 420 °C were comparatively analyzed, with particular emphasis on the microstructural evolution. The results revealed that abrasive and delamination wear represent the primary damage mechanisms in both fretting modes. However, delamination wear contributes more significantly under tangential fretting, leading to a higher average damage volume. This phenomenon is attributed to fretting-induced dynamic recrystallization beneath the contact interface during tangential fretting. In this mode, significant heat accumulation at the contact interface exceeds the threshold temperature for dynamic recrystallization. Based on these findings, a potential damage evolution model for these two fretting modes is proposed.

对比分析了切向微动和冲击滑动微动对316L钢在420℃铅铋共晶中损伤行为的影响，重点研究了微观组织演变。结果表明，磨料磨损和脱层磨损是两种微动模式下的主要损伤机制。而在切向微动下，脱层磨损的作用更为显著，导致了更高的平均损伤体积。这一现象归因于切向微动过程中接触界面下微动诱发的动态再结晶。在这种模式下，接触界面处的大量热积累超过了动态再结晶的阈值温度。在此基础上，提出了两种微动模式下的潜在损伤演化模型。

引用次数: 0

Tribo-mechanisms of Cr2AlC nanocoating in lead-bismuth eutectic under multi-stage fretting cycles: Oxide-driven self-adaptive fretting wear protection 多级微动循环下铅铋共晶Cr2AlC纳米涂层的摩擦机制：氧化物驱动的自适应微动磨损保护

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206460

Guangzhao Wang , Hui Chen , Xiaoyu Sun , Wenqi Song , Zhenyu Wang , Guorui Zhu

In Generation IV lead-cooled fast reactors, austenitic 316L stainless steel steam generator tubes are susceptible to both dissolution corrosion and fretting fatigue wear in liquid lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) environment. To address this challenge, a Cr₂AlC nanocoating was deposited on 316L tubes and evaluated through multi-stage fretting wear tests in LBE at 450 °C, using a self-developed high temperature tribo-tester with a tube–plate contact configuration. The results demonstrate that the coating maintains a stable friction coefficient (0.6 ± 0.05) throughout 5 × 10³ to 2 × 10⁶ cycles, representing an approximately 40 % reduction compared to bare 316L stainless steel. The maximum wear depth stabilizes at 14.2 ± 0.1 μm, approximately 70 % lower than that of uncoated 316L. Multiscale characterization by SEM/EDS, XRD, and nanoindentation revealed a three-stage friction response on the coating: an initial stage where the coating surface remains intact, and wear occurs mainly on the plate; a transitional stage characterized by the formation of a discontinuous third-body layer (TBL) comprising oxides and wear debris, exhibiting relatively low mechanical properties; and a stable stage dominated by a compact TBL primarily consisting of Cr³⁺-doped α-Al₂O₃, the wear surface H²/E³ ratio increases, which enhances resistance to both wear and Pb-Bi corrosion. The proposed Cr₂AlC self-adaptive protection mechanism offers a scientific basis for designing wear-resistant coatings for steam generator tubing in Generation IV nuclear reactors.

在第四代铅冷快堆中，奥氏体316L不锈钢蒸汽发生器管在液态铅铋共晶（LBE）环境中容易发生溶解腐蚀和微动疲劳磨损。为了解决这一问题，研究人员在316L管上沉积了一层Cr2AlC纳米涂层，并使用自行开发的管板接触结构高温摩擦测试仪，在450°C的LBE中进行了多阶段微动磨损测试。结果表明，涂层在5 × 103到2 × 106循环中保持稳定的摩擦系数（0.6±0.05），与裸316L不锈钢相比，减少了约40%。最大磨损深度稳定在14.2±0.1 μm，比未涂层的316L低约70%。SEM/EDS、XRD和纳米压痕等多尺度表征表明，涂层表面存在三个阶段的摩擦响应：初始阶段涂层表面保持完整，磨损主要发生在板材上；过渡阶段，形成由氧化物和磨损碎屑组成的不连续第三体层（TBL），力学性能相对较低；进入以Cr3+掺杂α-Al2O3为主的致密TBL的稳定阶段，磨损表面H2/E3比值增大，耐磨性能和耐Pb-Bi腐蚀性能均增强。所提出的Cr2AlC自适应保护机制为第四代核反应堆蒸汽发生器管材耐磨涂层的设计提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular dynamics analysis of friction wear in gray cast iron brake discs: an atom-scale investigation of graphite/matrix interface behavior 灰口铸铁制动盘摩擦磨损的分子动力学分析：石墨/基体界面行为的原子尺度研究

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206477

Yanjie Liu , Kaikui Zheng , Zhiying Ren

The friction and wear behavior of gray cast iron brake discs is closely related to its microstructure and the interaction at the graphite/iron matrix interface. However, due to limitations in testing conditions, the microscopic mechanism of this interface during the braking process remains unclear. This study employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the nanoscale tribological behavior of a graphite-embedded gray cast iron model. Through multidimensional analysis encompassing friction force, grinding mark depth, phase transformation behavior, internal deformation, stress-strain distribution, temperature variation, bond length, and potential energy, which revealed graphite's dual role: acting as a solid lubricant to reduce friction force while simultaneously serving as a stress concentration source that promotes the formation of grinding debris. The study demonstrates that graphite flakes undergo significant out-of-plane bending and wrinkling under the combined action of normal load and shear force, effectively dissipating energy and influencing the plastic strain distribution of the surrounding matrix. The graphite-iron interface, characterized by low shear strength, becomes a preferred slip plane but also represents a vulnerable region for crack initiation and propagation. Furthermore, graphite's exceptionally high in-plane thermal conductivity enables rapid dissipation of frictional heat, reducing peak temperatures and mitigating localized thermal damage. Experiments confirm that crack propagation along the graphite/matrix interface leads to graphite flake pull-out and the formation of micro-exfoliation pits. This study reveals the friction and wear mechanisms of gray cast iron brake discs at the atomic scale.

灰铸铁制动盘的摩擦磨损性能与其微观组织和石墨/铁基体界面的相互作用密切相关。然而，由于试验条件的限制，该界面在制动过程中的微观机理尚不清楚。本研究采用分子动力学模拟研究了石墨灰铸铁模型的纳米级摩擦学行为。通过摩擦力、磨痕深度、相变行为、内部变形、应力应变分布、温度变化、键长、势能等多维度分析，揭示了石墨的双重作用：作为固体润滑剂减少摩擦力，同时作为应力集中源促进磨屑的形成。研究表明，在法向载荷和剪切力的共同作用下，石墨薄片发生了明显的面外弯曲和起皱，有效地耗散了能量，影响了周围基体的塑性应变分布。石墨-铁界面具有低剪切强度的特点，成为首选滑移面，但也是裂纹萌生和扩展的脆弱区域。此外，石墨异常高的面内导热系数使摩擦热迅速消散，降低峰值温度，减轻局部热损伤。实验证实，裂纹沿石墨/基体界面扩展，导致石墨薄片拉出，形成微剥落坑。本研究揭示了灰口铸铁制动盘在原子尺度上的摩擦磨损机理。

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引用次数: 0

A new experimental technique for assessing impact-sliding wear resistance of materials for non-synchronous transmissions 一种评估非同步传动材料冲击滑动磨损性能的新实验技术

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206476

Maria Wojtowicz, Urban Wiklund, Robin Elo, Staffan Jacobson

Non-synchronous transmission can reduce the weight and increase efficiency of electrical heavy vehicles, with great potential to increase the vehicle range and load capacity. However, it comes at a cost, also increasing missed gear shifts resulting in impact-sliding wear. In this work, a new test rig is presented, allowing accelerated wear testing of component materials that need to withstand numerous severe impact-sliding events, with each event simulating a missed gear shift. The test rig enables controlled variation and measurement of important parameters such as relative velocity, normal load, impact depth and impact force. Demonstrator tests show that it is possible to distinguish between small alloying differences of relevant materials, and quickly reach numbers of impact-sliding events that real components would experience in years of operation. The wear mechanisms of rig tested samples are compared to, and mimic, real industrial testing of non-synchronous transmission, showing a complex process including a wide impact surface with extruded material on the edges, formation of tongues in the impact direction, delamination, spalling, and both small and large fractures. The acceleration of the test, with a high frequency of high energy impacts and pre-shaped impact geometry results in a full test taking hours instead of months. Additionally, the control of test parameters and the sample size enables both detailed wear studies and screening of candidate materials, facilitating much quicker development of materials and surface treatments to withstand severe impact-sliding events.

非同步传动可以减轻电动重型汽车的重量，提高效率，在增加车辆续航里程和载重能力方面具有很大的潜力。然而，这是有代价的，也增加了错过换挡导致冲击滑动磨损。在这项工作中，提出了一种新的试验台，可以加速对需要承受许多严重冲击滑动事件的部件材料的磨损测试，每个事件都模拟错过的换挡。该试验台能够控制重要参数的变化和测量，如相对速度、法向载荷、冲击深度和冲击力。演示试验表明，它可以区分相关材料的微小合金差异，并迅速达到真实部件在多年运行中所经历的冲击滑动事件的数量。将钻机测试样品的磨损机理与非同步变速器的实际工业测试进行了比较和模拟，显示了一个复杂的过程，包括边缘有挤压材料的宽冲击面，在冲击方向上形成舌状物，分层，剥落以及大小断裂。测试的加速，加上高频率的高能冲击和预成型的冲击几何形状，使得整个测试只需几个小时，而不是几个月。此外，测试参数和样本量的控制可以进行详细的磨损研究和候选材料的筛选，从而促进材料和表面处理的更快开发，以承受严重的冲击滑动事件。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of pearlite and proeutectoid ferrite on crack propagation in hypoeutectoid rails considering microstructural deformation 珠光体和原共析铁素体对考虑显微组织变形的亚共析钢轨裂纹扩展的影响

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206474

Honghao Wang , Wenjian Wang , Shuyue Zhang , Hudong Xue , Haohao Ding , Zhiyong Shi , Enrico Meli , Roger Lewis , Qiyue Liu , Andrea Rindi , Zhongrong Zhou

The evolution of microstructure influences rolling contact fatigue (RCF) crack propagation behavior. This study aims to investigate the effect of pearlite and proeutectoid ferrite on crack propagation in hypoeutectoid rails. The dry-wet alternation RCF tests were conducted using different hypoeutectoid rail steels to simulate crack propagation within the deformation and matrix layers. Subsequently, the relationship between microstructure characteristics (proeutectoid ferrite content (PF%) and pearlite interlamellar spacing (ILS)) and crack propagation behaviors (crack characteristics and propagation modes) was explored using statistical analysis. The results indicated that proeutectoid ferrite played a crucial role in determining crack propagation paths. Specifically, a higher PF% facilitated crack propagation at a smaller angle within the deformation layer, while also promoting more pronounced branching in the matrix layer. Crack propagation along proeutectoid ferrite exhibited a greater tendency, as evidenced by its proportion being approximately four times that of PF%. Moreover, in the deformation layer, proeutectoid ferrite was stretched into plastic flow lines that served as grain boundaries, which can suppress the upward crack propagation. The reduction of ILS would decrease the degree of deformation, crack depth, and the proportion of transgranular propagation. Within the matrix layer, the rail steels with a lower ILS exhibited a notable reduction in the proportion of transgranular propagation, causing the crack propagation along pearlite lamellae with lower energy dissipation.

微观组织的演变影响着滚动接触疲劳裂纹扩展行为。本研究旨在探讨珠光体和原共析铁素体对亚共析钢轨裂纹扩展的影响。采用不同的亚共析钢轨钢进行干湿交替RCF试验，模拟变形层和基体层内裂纹扩展。随后，利用统计分析方法探讨了微观组织特征（原共析铁素体含量（PF%）和珠光体层间间距（ILS））与裂纹扩展行为（裂纹特征和扩展模式）之间的关系。结果表明，原共析铁素体对裂纹扩展路径起决定性作用。具体而言，较高的PF%有利于裂纹在变形层内以较小的角度扩展，同时也促进了基体层中更明显的分支。裂纹沿预共析铁素体扩展的趋势更大，裂纹沿预共析铁素体扩展的比例约为PF%的4倍。在变形层中，原共析铁素体被拉伸成充当晶界的塑性流线，可以抑制裂纹向上扩展。ls的减小会降低变形程度、裂纹深度和穿晶扩展比例。在基体层内，低ILS的钢轨钢穿晶扩展比例显著降低，导致裂纹沿珠光体片扩展，能量耗散较低。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of lubrication state on the fretting wear behavior and mechanism of steel wire in the internal spiral contact of wire rope 润滑状态对钢丝绳内螺旋接触中钢丝微动磨损行为及机理的影响

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206469

Kun Huang , Xiangdong Chang , Yuxing Peng , Wei Tang , Zhou Zhou , Hao Lu , Xiuheng Zhang , Gushuo Jiang , Ran Deng

Fretting wear in mine hoisting rope is a key factor affecting its service reliability, and lubrication state plays a decisive role in this process. In this study, the fretting wear characteristics of wires under six working conditions of dry friction, oil/grease lubrication, water lubrication, oil-starved and grease-starved lubrication were systematically studied by a specialized fretting device. The results show that different lubrication states significantly affect the evolution law and steady-state value of coefficient of friction (COF). The dry friction is the highest, the full oil/grease lubrication is lower, the water lubrication is in the middle and fluctuates significantly, and the COF is close to dry friction at the end of starved lubrication. In addition, the fretting regime between wires is also closely related to the lubrication state between wires. Furthermore, sufficient oil/grease lubrication significantly reduces wear, while poor lubrication (dry friction, oil-starved, grease-starved, water) aggravates wear. The wear mechanisms of dry friction and oil/grease-deficient lubrication are mainly characterized by abrasive, surface fatigue and adhesion. Dry friction and oil/grease-deficient lubrication also involve tribochemical reaction. The wear mechanisms of water lubrication is mainly abrasive and surface fatigue. The wear mechanism of oil/grease lubrication is mainly abrasive.

矿井提升绳的微动磨损是影响其使用可靠性的关键因素，而润滑状态在此过程中起着决定性的作用。利用专用微动装置，系统研究了干摩擦、油/脂润滑、水润滑、缺油和缺脂润滑6种工况下钢丝的微动磨损特性。结果表明，不同的润滑状态对摩擦系数的演化规律和稳态值有显著影响。干摩擦最高，满油/脂润滑较低，水润滑居中且波动较大，无油润滑末COF接近干摩擦。此外，丝间的微动状态也与丝间的润滑状态密切相关。此外，充分的油/脂润滑可显著减少磨损，而润滑不良（干摩擦、缺油、缺脂、缺水）会加剧磨损。干摩擦和无油/无脂润滑的磨损机制主要表现为磨粒性、表面疲劳和粘附性。干摩擦和无油/无脂润滑也涉及摩擦化学反应。水润滑的磨损机制主要是磨粒和表面疲劳。油/脂润滑的磨损机制主要是磨料磨损。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a white-box model for predicting in-process thermo-mechanical loading on PVD-coated carbide tools 开发用于预测pvd涂层硬质合金刀具在加工过程中热机械负荷的白盒模型

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206458

T. Bergs , M. Meurer , M. Abouridouane , K. Bobzin , C. Kalscheuer , M. Tayyab

PVD coatings are widely used to improve tool life and machining efficiency, yet accurate tool-life prediction remains challenging because thin layers require very fine meshes, coating wear mechanisms are complex, and the coating-substrate interface introduces difficult thermal and mechanical boundary conditions. Traditional white-box models frequently neglect coating effects due to simplified assumptions, whereas black-box models capture complexity but lack physical interpretability. Grey-box approaches offer a promising compromise but require detailed coating- and load-dependent datasets. This study develops a finite-element (FE) model to predict in-process thermo-mechanical loading on PVD-coated carbide tools. The white-box model supports the extensive experimental testing typically required to generate thermo-mechanical load tables for grey-box tool-life prediction. Monolayer TiAlCrSiN and bilayer TiAlCrSiN/TiAlCrSiON coatings-commercially established and representative of industrial thermal-barrier behaviour were tested in orthogonal cutting of C45 + N steel. Cutting forces and tool temperatures were measured using a dynamometer and an embedded two-colour pyrometer for model validation. The model reproduces forces and temperatures with deviations below 10 % and shows that tool wear strongly affects local thermo-mechanical load distributions, while global loads remain similar between the coatings. Friction characterization reveals a tribological advantage of the bilayer coating, with reduced interface friction and smoother surfaces. High-resolution stress and temperature fields are correlated with coating properties to improve wear modelling and provide structured inputs for future grey-box model development.

PVD涂层广泛用于提高刀具寿命和加工效率，但准确的刀具寿命预测仍然具有挑战性，因为薄层需要非常精细的网格，涂层磨损机制复杂，涂层-基体界面引入了困难的热学和机械边界条件。传统的白盒模型往往由于假设简化而忽略了涂层效应，而黑盒模型捕获了复杂性，但缺乏物理可解释性。灰盒方法提供了一个有希望的折衷方案，但需要详细的涂层和负载相关数据集。本研究开发了一个有限元（FE）模型来预测pvd涂层硬质合金刀具在加工过程中的热机械载荷。白盒模型支持广泛的实验测试，通常需要生成用于灰盒工具寿命预测的热机械载荷表。在C45 + N钢的正交切削试验中，测试了单层TiAlCrSiN和双层TiAlCrSiN/TiAlCrSiON涂层的工业热障性能。切削力和刀具温度使用测功机和嵌入式双色高温计进行模型验证。该模型再现的力和温度偏差小于10%，表明刀具磨损强烈影响局部热机械载荷分布，而涂层之间的整体载荷保持相似。摩擦特性揭示了双层涂层的摩擦学优势，减少了界面摩擦，表面更光滑。高分辨率应力场和温度场与涂层性能相关联，以改进磨损建模，并为未来灰盒模型的开发提供结构化输入。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental study of impregnated diamond bit part 2: Effect of the bit wear state on the drilling response 浸渍金刚石钻头试验研究第二部分：钻头磨损状态对钻进响应的影响

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206466

Rui Huang, Thomas Richard, Masood Mostofi

Impregnated diamond bits are widely used in hard rock drilling due to their robust structure and self-sharpening nature. In the companion study, we showed how the depth of cut and the rock properties (Mohs hardness) control the dominant wear mechanisms and proposed a method to select operating parameters that balance productivity with bit wear. This sequel paper develops quantitative relationships between the bit wear state and the drilling response — that is, the relationship between the bit kinematics (feed rate and angular velocity) and the forces acting on the bit (axial thrust and torque). These relations yield a relation between the performance (feed rate) and the energy or power required to achieve the performance, which is essential to improve drilling efficiency. These relations provide also the framework to analyse drilling data in real time to assess the bit state of wear and identify optimum drilling parameters.

A laboratory experimental methodology was developed to (i) measure the bit wear state and (ii) construct the drilling response. Controlled drilling experiments were conducted on a high-precision rig using three sizes of impregnated diamond tools across a wide range of wear states, characterized by diamond wear flats, matrix wear flats, and average diamond protrusion. Bit wear was measured before and after each test using an optical microscope. Experiments were performed under varying operating conditions, including different rock types, drilling fluids, flow rates, and rotation speeds.

浸渍金刚石钻头因其坚固的结构和自锐性被广泛应用于硬岩钻井。在相关研究中，我们展示了切割深度和岩石性质（莫氏硬度）如何控制主要磨损机制，并提出了一种选择作业参数的方法，以平衡生产率和钻头磨损。这篇后续论文发展了钻头磨损状态与钻井响应之间的定量关系，即钻头运动学（进给速率和角速度）与作用在钻头上的力（轴向推力和扭矩）之间的关系。这些关系产生了性能（进给速率）与实现性能所需的能量或功率之间的关系，这对于提高钻井效率至关重要。这些关系还为实时分析钻井数据、评估钻头磨损状态和确定最佳钻井参数提供了框架。开发了一种实验室实验方法来(i)测量钻头磨损状态和（ii）构建钻井响应。在高精度钻井平台上，使用三种尺寸的浸渍金刚石工具进行了控制钻井实验，这些工具的磨损状态包括金刚石磨损平面、基体磨损平面和平均金刚石突出度。在每次测试前后使用光学显微镜测量钻头磨损。实验是在不同的操作条件下进行的，包括不同的岩石类型、钻井液、流速和旋转速度。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation on the tribological performance of (NiCrFe)83(TiAl)17 high-entropy alloy-matrix self-lubricating coatings in helium environment （NiCrFe）83(TiAl)17高熵合金基自润滑涂层在氦环境下的摩擦学性能研究

IF 6.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Wear

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.wear.2025.206449

Dongsheng Yang , Zhilong Zhao , Yushan Geng , Qichun Sun , Wenyuan Chen , Juanjuan Chen , Shengyu Zhu , Jun Cheng , Peiqing La

This study successfully developed a (NiCrFe)₈₃(TiAl)₁₇-Al₂O₃-Ag/(BaF₂/CaF₂) composite self-lubricating coating and systematically investigated its tribological performance in helium environments from room temperature to 600 °C. The results revealed that the coating possessed a stable high-entropy phase structure consisting of a (Ni, Ti)-enriched BCC matrix and (Cr, Fe)-enriched FCC precipitates. The Al₂O₃ reinforcement phase increased the surface hardness to 692.17 HV through particle strengthening, representing a 21.3 % improvement over the (NiCrFe)₈₃(TiAl)₁₇ base material. The synergistic effect between the lubricating phases and Al₂O₃ reduced the friction coefficient to 0.25–0.31 and significantly decreased the wear rate to (0.8–3.5) × 10⁻⁵ mm³/N·m within the RT-400 °C range. As temperature increased, the friction interface underwent systematic evolution: a partial lubricating film formed at RT with dominant abrasive wear; the composite lubricating film expanded between 200–400 °C, effectively suppressing three-body wear; at 600 °C, BCC phase depletion caused the wear mechanism to transition to a mixed abrasive-adhesive mode. The synergistic strengthening between Al₂O₃ and the lubricating phases was identified as the key factor enabling the coating's excellent performance across the wide temperature range.

本研究成功制备了一种（NiCrFe）83(TiAl)17-Al2O3-Ag/(BaF2/CaF2)复合自润滑涂层，并系统地研究了其在室温至600℃氦气环境下的摩擦学性能。结果表明，该涂层具有稳定的高熵相结构，由富集（Ni, Ti）的BCC基体和富集（Cr, Fe）的FCC相组成。Al2O3增强相通过颗粒强化将表面硬度提高到692.17 HV，比（NiCrFe）83(TiAl)17基体提高了21.3%。在RT-400℃范围内，润滑相与Al2O3的协同作用使摩擦系数降至0.25 ~ 0.31，磨损率降至（0.8 ~ 3.5）× 10−5 mm3/N·m。随着温度的升高，摩擦界面发生了系统的演变：在高温下形成部分润滑膜，以磨粒磨损为主；复合润滑膜在200 ~ 400℃之间膨胀，有效抑制三体磨损；在600°C时，BCC相耗尽导致磨损机制转变为混合磨料-粘合剂模式。Al2O3与润滑相之间的协同强化是涂层在宽温度范围内具有优异性能的关键因素。

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