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Применение машинного обучения для диагностики некоторых социально значимых заболеваний по выдыхаемому человеком воздуху методом инфракрасной лазерной спектроскопии 用红外激光光谱学来诊断人类呼吸中的一些社会相关疾病
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.06.55917.109-23
Иг. С. Голяк, Павел Вячеславович Бережанский, А Ю Седова, Т.А. Гутырчик, О. А. Небритова, А. Н. Морозов, Д.Р. Анфимов, И. Б. Винтайкин, А. А. Коноплева, П.П. Дёмкин, И. Л. Фуфурин
The infrared spectra of the air exhaled by several groups of volunteers were studied: those suffering from type 1 diabetes, bronchial asthma, and pneumonia. To record infrared spectra, a tunable quantum-cascade laser (QCL) was used. QCL emits in the wavelength range from 5.3 to 12.8 μm in a pulsed mode with a pulse width of 50 ns, a power of up to 150 mW, and a tuning step of 1 cm-1. The laser is optically coupled to an astigmatic gas cell of the Herriot type with an optical path length of 76 m. A difference was found in the intensity of selective lines of biomarker molecules in the spectra of exhaled air of healthy volunteers compared to similar indicators of volunteers suffering from a certain disease. For an example of methods such as the support vector machine (SVM), the k-nearest neighbors (k-NN) and the random forest algorithm (RandomForest), the possibility of classifying volunteers by the infrared spectra of their exhaled air is shown. The use of dimensionality reduction methods (PCA and t-SNE) made it possible to increase the accuracy of disease classification up to 98% in terms of the accuracy metric.
研究人员对几组志愿者呼出的空气的红外光谱进行了研究,这些志愿者分别患有1型糖尿病、支气管哮喘和肺炎。利用可调谐量子级联激光器(QCL)记录红外光谱。QCL以脉冲模式发射5.3 ~ 12.8 μm波长,脉冲宽度为50 ns,功率高达150 mW,调谐步长为1 cm-1。该激光器与一个光程长度为76 m的赫里奥式散像气腔光学耦合。与患有某种疾病的志愿者相比,健康志愿者呼出的空气光谱中生物标记分子的选择性谱线的强度存在差异。以支持向量机(SVM)、k近邻(k-NN)和随机森林算法(RandomForest)等方法为例,展示了通过呼出空气的红外光谱对志愿者进行分类的可能性。使用降维方法(PCA和t-SNE)可以将疾病分类的准确度提高到98%。
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引用次数: 0
Спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния для оценки поверхности сплавов титана ВТ6 t6钛合金表面光谱学
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.06.55905.101-23
Павел Евгеньевич Тимченко, О.О. Фролов, Елена Владимировна Тимченко, Д. А. Долгушкин, А. Н. Николаенко, Лариса Теодоровна Волова, Виктор Вячеславович Иванов, Р.Т. Самигуллин
Представлены результаты исследования поверхности образцов имплантов с разными типами покрытий с помощью спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния. Исследованы образцы на основе титана ВТ6, изготовленные по технологии селективного лазерного спекания с разными покрытиями (без покрытий, с покрытием гидроксиапатита кальция, с комбинированным покрытием --- гидроксиапатитом кальция, на который было нанесено покрытие, содержащее антибактериальный препарат, содержащее антибактериальный препарат и образцы с покрытием, содержащим хитозан). Установлены спектральные различия поверхности образцов имплантов с разными типами их покрытий на основе титана ВТ6. Это позволит исследовать динамику резорбции данных покрытий с помощью спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния при выполнении доклинических исследований у животных. Ключевые слова: спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния, поверхность, сплав титана, растровая электронная микроскопия.
通过分光镜组合散射,对植入物样品表面的分析显示出不同类型的涂层。在t6钛基础上进行了试验,使用不同涂层(无涂层、无涂层、无涂层、混合涂层)的选择激光烧灼技术(无涂层、无涂层、无涂层)。植入物样品表面的光谱差异已经确定,在t6钛的基础上有不同类型的涂层。这将允许通过对动物进行临床前研究的分光镜和组合散射来研究涂层数据共振的动力学。关键词:组合散射光谱学,表面,钛合金,光谱学电子显微镜。
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引用次数: 0
Оптические свойства ван-дер-ваальсовых гетероструктур на основе 2D-монослоев борофена, нитрида галлия и оксида цинка
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.06.55909.115-23
М. М. Слепченков, Д.А. Колосов, О. Е. Глухова
In this paper, we consider two new atomic models of van der Waals vertical heterostructures of metal-semiconductor type based on a 2D buckled triangular borophene with metallic conductivity and graphene-like 2D monolayers of gallium nitride GaN and zinc oxide ZnO, which are semiconductors. Using the density functional theory, the equilibrium configurations of supercells of the borophene/GaN and borophene/ZnO heterostructures are found and their thermodynamic stability at room temperature is shown. Within the framework of the nonstationary first-order perturbation theory, the optical characteristics (complex permittivity and absorption coefficient) are calculated in the electromagnetic radiation wavelength range of 0.2–2 μm. The presence of anisotropy in the optical properties of the borophene/GaN and borophene/ZnO heterostructures is established when the direction of light polarization is chosen. This is due to different manifestations of the optical properties of the constituent monolayers of the heterostructure. When light is polarized in the direction of the zigzag edge of the GaN/ZnO (along the X axis), the optical properties of GaN and ZnO semiconductor monolayers are predominantly manifested. When light is polarized in the direction of the zigzag edge of the borophene monolayer (along the Y axis), the optical properties of borophene manifest themselves. A synergistic effect has been found from the combination of borophene and ZnO monolayers in the composition of the borophene/ZnO vertical heterostructure, which manifests itself in the form of a section of the increasing plot of the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity in the infrared region for both directions of light polarization. It is shown that the difference in the values of the absorption coefficient of the borophene/GaN heterostructure between the UV and visible ranges can reach ~ 7 times, between the UV and near IR ranges - ~ 14 times, and for the borophene/ZnO heterostructure this difference can be up to ~ 6 times and up to ~18 times, respectively. It is predicted that borophene/GaN and borophene/ZnO heterostructures can be used to create UV radiation detectors.
在本文中,我们考虑了两种新的范德华金属半导体型垂直异质结构的原子模型,基于具有金属导电性的二维屈曲三角形硼罗芬和石墨烯类二维单层氮化镓GaN和氧化锌ZnO,这是半导体。利用密度泛函理论,找到了硼罗芬/GaN和硼罗芬/ZnO异质结构的超胞平衡构型,并证明了它们在室温下的热力学稳定性。在非平稳一阶微扰理论的框架下,计算了电磁辐射波长0.2-2 μm范围内的光学特性(复介电常数和吸收系数)。在选择光偏振方向时,硼苯/GaN和硼苯/ZnO异质结构的光学性质存在各向异性。这是由于异质结构的组成层的光学性质的不同表现。当光在GaN/ZnO的锯齿状边缘方向(沿X轴)极化时,GaN和ZnO半导体单层的光学特性主要表现出来。当光在borophene单层的锯齿状边缘方向(沿着Y轴)极化时,borophene的光学特性就会显现出来。在硼罗芬/ZnO垂直异质结构的组成中,硼罗芬与ZnO单层的结合发现了协同效应,其表现形式为在光偏振两个方向的红外区复介电常数实部和虚部的递增曲线。结果表明,硼罗芬/GaN异质结构的吸收系数在紫外和可见光范围内的差异可达~ 7倍,紫外和近红外范围内的差异可达~ 14倍,而硼罗芬/ZnO异质结构的吸收系数差异可达~ 6倍和~18倍。预测硼罗芬/GaN和硼罗芬/ZnO异质结构可用于制作紫外辐射探测器。
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引用次数: 0
Формирование олигомеров серебряных наночастиц, полученных методом лазерной абляции в жидкости, путем последовательного центрифугирования и ультрасонификации: управляемый длинноволновый сдвиг плазмонного резонанса в интересах биомедицинских применений 通过连续离心机和超声化产生的银纳米颗粒的形成:为了生物医学应用的利益,由长波等离子共振转移控制
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.07.56139.5120-23
Д.Р. Дададжанов, А.В. Палехова, Г. Алексан, М. А. Баранов, Н. А. Маслова
A relatively simple physical method has been proposed for fabrication of stable oligomers of silver nanoparticles, preliminarily obtained by pulsed laser ablation of a metal target in a liquid. Oligomers of silver nanoparticles are formed in an aqueous solution after prolonged centrifugation at 18000 g and subsequent ultrasonification of the initial colloidal solution of spherical nanoparticles obtained by laser ablation. The plasmon resonance in oligomers is shifted relative to the plasmon resonance in spherical nanoparticles to the long wavelength region by 140 nm.
提出了一种相对简单的物理方法来制备稳定的纳米银低聚物,该方法通过脉冲激光烧蚀液体中的金属靶初步获得。在18000 g下长时间离心,然后对激光烧蚀获得的球形纳米颗粒初始胶体溶液进行超声处理,在水溶液中形成银纳米颗粒低聚物。相对于球形纳米颗粒中的等离子体共振,低聚物中的等离子体共振向长波区偏移了140 nm。
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引用次数: 0
Фазовые эффекты при вынужденном рассеянии Мандельштама-Бриллюэна 曼德尔斯坦-布里卢安被迫分散的相位效应
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.01.54536.3165-22
Р.Дж. Касумова, Н.В. Керимли, Г А Сафарова
In the study of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in the constant intensity approximation, the spatial behavior of the intensity of the Stokes scattering wave in a medium was investigated. It was found that as a result of nonlinear interaction of waves, the period of spatial beats changes. The intensity of the Stokes scattering component is considered as a function of the phase mismatch, pump and acoustic wave intensities. It is found that the efficiency of the scattering of the backward Stokes wave is affected by the total length of the nonlinear medium. According to the analytical expressions obtained in this work, the choice of the optimal parameters of the problem makes it possible to implement the regime of efficient generation of the Stokes scattering component in SBS. The process of generation and amplification of the Stokes scattering component is compared with experiment. By varying the pump intensity, one can control and manipulate the intensity of the output radiation of the Stokes component.
在等强度近似下的受激布里渊散射(SBS)研究中,研究了介质中Stokes散射波强度的空间行为。研究发现,由于波的非线性相互作用,空间拍的周期发生了变化。斯托克斯散射分量的强度被认为是相位失配、泵浦和声波强度的函数。研究发现,后向斯托克斯波的散射效率受非线性介质总长度的影响。根据本文得到的解析表达式,选择问题的最优参数使SBS中Stokes散射分量的有效生成成为可能。将斯托克斯散射分量的产生和放大过程与实验进行了比较。通过改变泵浦强度,可以控制和操纵斯托克斯分量的输出辐射强度。
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引用次数: 0
Методика оптического детектирования метана волоконно-оптическом сенсором при применении фотокаталитического нанокомпозита ZnO-SnO-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=--Fe-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.03.55395.4525-23
The possibility of detection of methane using fiber-optical sensor with ZnO-SnO2-Fe2O3 photocatalyst was demonstrated. Photocatalytic composite sensor element was prepared by non-isothermal polymer-salt method from solutions of inorganic metal salts and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Optical detection is carrying out by Bragg diffraction grating of fiber-optical sensor at the temperature variations during photocatalytic methane oxidation.
证明了ZnO-SnO2-Fe2O3光催化剂光纤传感器检测甲烷的可能性。以无机盐和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为原料,采用非等温聚合物盐法制备了光催化复合传感器元件。利用光纤传感器的布拉格衍射光栅对光催化甲烷氧化过程中的温度变化进行光学检测。
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引用次数: 0
Формирование периодических двухфазных структур на поверхности аморфных пленок Ge-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Sb-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-Te-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=- при воздействии ультракоротких лазерных импульсов различной длительности и частоты следования 在非定型胶片表面形成双相周期结构
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.02.55005.15-23
М.П. Смаев, П. И. Лазаренко, М.Е. Федянина, И.А. Будаговский, А. Г. Рааб, И.В. Сагунова, С. А. Козюхин
Phase change memory materials due to their high susceptibility to low-intensity light fields are extremely attractive for active microphotonics and integrated optics devices. As a result of fast phase switching, these materials change the refractive index in a wide spectral range, which has found application in information storage systems. In this work, we studied the formation of two-phase periodic structures consisting of alternating lines of amorphous and crystalline phases on the surface of thin-film Ge2Sb2Te5 phase-change memory materials exposed to ultrashort laser pulses. Periodic structures were formed at a wavelength of 1030 nm at different durations and repetition rates of light pulses. It has been established that the ordering of two-phase structures obtained at a constant energy fluence remains practically unchanged with an increase in the repetition rate from 10 kHz to 1 MHz, but a change in the pulse duration from 180 fs to 10 ps leads to a violation of the periodic structure due to the formation of extended continuously crystallized regions.
相变存储材料由于其对低强度光场的高敏感性,在有源微光子学和集成光学器件中极具吸引力。由于快速的相位转换,这些材料在宽光谱范围内改变折射率,这在信息存储系统中得到了应用。在这项工作中,我们研究了超短激光脉冲照射下薄膜Ge2Sb2Te5相变记忆材料表面非晶相和晶相交替线组成的两相周期结构的形成。在波长1030 nm处,在不同的光脉冲持续时间和重复频率下形成周期结构。已经确定,在恒定能量影响下获得的两相结构的有序性随着重复频率从10 kHz增加到1 MHz几乎保持不变,但脉冲持续时间从180 fs到10 ps的变化导致周期结构的破坏,因为形成了扩展的连续结晶区域。
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引用次数: 0
Нагрев слоя металла сканирующим лазерным пучком 用扫描激光束加热金属层
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.03.55390.92-23
V. Trofimov, P. Lin, С. В. Федоров, Николай Николаевич Розанов, Н. А. Веретенов, Yan Wang, Yongqiang Yang
The analysis and numerical simulation of the heating mode of a metal plate scanning beam of laser radiation was carried out. In the transverse-one-dimensional approximation, the estimates are obtained of the main dependences of the characteristics of the steady temperature profile on the parameters of the problem.
对激光辐射下金属板扫描光束的加热方式进行了分析和数值模拟。在横向一维近似中,得到了稳态温度剖面特征对问题参数的主要依赖关系的估计。
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引用次数: 0
Перенос частоты оптически детектируемого магнитного резонанса и наблюдение эффекта Ханле в ненулевом магнитном поле 在非零磁场中,光学可探测磁共振频率和观察哈雷效应的转移
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.01.54530.4439-22
А. К. Вершовский, М В Петренко
The method of transferring the frequency of an optically detected magnetic resonance both up and down by an arbitrary value is implemented in a single-beam optical pumping scheme by modulating the linearly polarized beam component. The possibility of observing the Hanle resonance in a magnetic field virtually zeroed upon transition to a rotating coordinate system is demonstrated. A model experiment was carried out, confirming the fundamental feasibility and effectiveness of the method.
在单光束光泵浦方案中,通过调制线偏振光束分量,实现了将光探测磁共振的频率上下任意转移的方法。证明了在旋转坐标系中几乎归零的磁场中观测汉勒共振的可能性。通过模型实验验证了该方法的基本可行性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Фотокаталитическое разложение растворов метилового оранжевого на поверхности нанопористых слоев меди, серебра и их йодидов 纳米孔隙铜、银及其碘化剂表面甲基橙色溶液的光催化分解
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.21883/os.2023.02.55011.16-23
П.А. Безруков, А. В. Нащекин, Александр Иванович Сидоров, Николай Валентинович Никоноров
The efficiency of photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange solutions on the surface of nanoporous layers of copper, silver and their iodides has been studied. It is shows that nanoporous layers on metal substrates have two absorption bands: they absorb radiation in the UV and Vis spectral range. The process of decomposition of methyl orange molecules on the surface of metal-semiconductor nanostructures Cu-CuI and Ag-AgI occurs under the action of UV and Vis irradiation. While transparency of the methyl orange solution increases.
研究了甲基橙溶液在铜、银及其碘化物纳米孔层表面的光催化分解效率。结果表明,金属衬底上的纳米孔层具有紫外和可见两个吸收波段。甲基橙分子在金属半导体纳米结构Cu-CuI和Ag-AgI表面的分解过程发生在紫外和可见光照射下。而甲基橙溶液的透明度增加。
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引用次数: 0
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