Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166213
Aoxin Gao, Binghui Chen, Guodong Cui, Lin Zhang
Based on first-principles calculations incorporating van der Waals corrections, this work systematically investigates the structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of graphene/h-BN heterostructures with different stacking configurations. Among three representative stacking configurations including (αB, βH), (αN, βH), and (αB, βN), the (αB, βH) exhibits the highest thermodynamic, dynamical, and mechanical stability. Then, we separately evaluate the modulation of their electronic structures as well as properties related to electronic transportation or optical absorption under tension or external electric fields, elucidating strain-governed transport variations or electric-field-induced optical response tuning. The results show that under tension, the bandgap evolution differs markedly between the elastic and plastic deformation regimes. Meanwhile, strain significantly enhances the anisotropy of electronic states, enabling direction-dependent effective-mass modulation and carrier mobility. Under externally applied electric fields, the stacking configurations exhibit different band-structure responses, originating from field-driven modulation of the interlayer potential and charge redistribution. Moreover, the heterostructures indeed exhibit excellent optical absorption from the near-infrared to the far-ultraviolet region, with the external electric field enabling controllable spectral tuning. Overall, this work elucidates the fundamental mechanisms underlying independent multi-field tuning in graphene/h-BN heterostructures, providing essential theoretical guidance for their application in high-performance electronic and tunable optoelectronic devices.
{"title":"Modulating properties of graphene/h-BN heterostructures by applying strain or external electric fields: an insight into first-principles calculations","authors":"Aoxin Gao, Binghui Chen, Guodong Cui, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166213","url":null,"abstract":"Based on first-principles calculations incorporating van der Waals corrections, this work systematically investigates the structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of graphene/h-BN heterostructures with different stacking configurations. Among three representative stacking configurations including (αB, βH), (αN, βH), and (αB, βN), the (αB, βH) exhibits the highest thermodynamic, dynamical, and mechanical stability. Then, we separately evaluate the modulation of their electronic structures as well as properties related to electronic transportation or optical absorption under tension or external electric fields, elucidating strain-governed transport variations or electric-field-induced optical response tuning. The results show that under tension, the bandgap evolution differs markedly between the elastic and plastic deformation regimes. Meanwhile, strain significantly enhances the anisotropy of electronic states, enabling direction-dependent effective-mass modulation and carrier mobility. Under externally applied electric fields, the stacking configurations exhibit different band-structure responses, originating from field-driven modulation of the interlayer potential and charge redistribution. Moreover, the heterostructures indeed exhibit excellent optical absorption from the near-infrared to the far-ultraviolet region, with the external electric field enabling controllable spectral tuning. Overall, this work elucidates the fundamental mechanisms underlying independent multi-field tuning in graphene/h-BN heterostructures, providing essential theoretical guidance for their application in high-performance electronic and tunable optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"303 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146129502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors regret that the name of one of the authors was incorrectly published as Routian Chen. The correct author name is Ruotian Chen. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Dual-sensitizer Nd3+/Yb3+ upconversion-enhanced photocatalysis over NaLuF4:Yb:Ho/NaLuF4:Yb:Nd@TiO2 under visible and NIR light”. [Appl. Surf. Sci. (2025) 725, 165812]","authors":"Joanna Nadolna, Ruotian Chen, Pawel Mazierski, Zhishun Wei, Tomasz Grzyb, Patrycja Szwedowska, Prajakta Kokate, Keshav Dani","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166202","url":null,"abstract":"The authors regret that the name of one of the authors was incorrectly published as Routian Chen. The correct author name is Ruotian Chen. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of advanced lubrication technologies is essential for enhancing energy efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and improving mechanical durability. In this study, a high-performance lubrication system tailored for diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings is designed, employing graphene oxide-functionalized cerium-based metal–organic framework (GO@Ce-MOF) composites as nano-additive in an aqueous polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution. The GO@Ce-MOF hybrids were synthesized via electrostatic self-assembly, demonstrating outstanding tribological characteristics with an exceptionally low coefficient of friction (COF ≈ 0.004) and minimal wear on DLC substrates. Post-friction analysis confirmed that the structural integrity of the DLC coating remained unimpaired, with wear predominantly localized on the opposing steel balls. A bilayer tribofilm, approximately 45.5 nm thick and composed of metal oxides and amorphous carbon, formed on the steel surface, facilitating a transition to carbon/carbon friction interfaces. The rod-like architecture of the cerium-based metal–organic framework (Ce-MOF), encapsulated by layered graphene oxide (GO), synergistically contributed to reduced rolling friction and provided carbonaceous precursors for in situ tribofilm formation. This solid–liquid lubrication synergy enabled superlubricity and near-zero wear. The findings demonstrate a novel strategy for promoting in situ growth of carbonaceous tribofilms on dual friction interfaces, offering transformative potential for sustainable lubrication of advanced coating materials.
{"title":"Achieving near-zero wear on the surface of DLC coatings with GO@Ce-MOF solid–liquid composite superlubrication system","authors":"Jialong Shi, Haijie Chen, Sijia Chen, Xiaolong Liu, Dapeng Feng, Zhiwen Zheng, Dan Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166232","url":null,"abstract":"The development of advanced lubrication technologies is essential for enhancing energy efficiency, reducing environmental impact, and improving mechanical durability. In this study, a high-performance lubrication system tailored for diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings is designed, employing graphene oxide-functionalized cerium-based metal–organic framework (GO@Ce-MOF) composites as nano-additive in an aqueous polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution. The GO@Ce-MOF hybrids were synthesized via electrostatic self-assembly, demonstrating outstanding tribological characteristics with an exceptionally low coefficient of friction (COF ≈ 0.004) and minimal wear on DLC substrates. Post-friction analysis confirmed that the structural integrity of the DLC coating remained unimpaired, with wear predominantly localized on the opposing steel balls. A bilayer tribofilm, approximately 45.5 nm thick and composed of metal oxides and amorphous carbon, formed on the steel surface, facilitating a transition to carbon/carbon friction interfaces. The rod-like architecture of the cerium-based metal–organic framework (Ce-MOF), encapsulated by layered graphene oxide (GO), synergistically contributed to reduced rolling friction and provided carbonaceous precursors for in situ tribofilm formation. This solid–liquid lubrication synergy enabled superlubricity and near-zero wear. The findings demonstrate a novel strategy for promoting in situ growth of carbonaceous tribofilms on dual friction interfaces, offering transformative potential for sustainable lubrication of advanced coating materials.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166214
Qiuyu Su, Jiajun Huang, Yanhua Song, Wei Teng
Tetracycline (TC) antibiotics pose ecological risks and contribute to the spread of drug resistance due to their difficult degradation and incomplete treatment, which leaves residues in the environment. Therefore, efficient degradation technologies must be developed urgently. Photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) technology is an environmentally friendly advanced oxidation process with great potential for treating such pollutants in water treatment. In this study, FeNi2S4/NF photoanode material was successfully prepared through a two-step hydrothermal method. The material showed excellent catalytic activity in the photoelectrocatalytic system. The removal rate of TC was as high as 98.8% within 1 h, and the degradation efficiency only decayed by 1% after five consecutive cycles, demonstrating excellent structural stability. In response to the lack of sufficient empirical evidence on the transformation mechanisms of TC degradation intermediates and their ecotoxicity, this study systematically elucidated the TC degradation pathway and comprehensively evaluated the ecotoxicological impact of the intermediates. Furthermore, the antimicrobial characteristics of FeNi2S4/NF were extensively investigated to assess its multifunctional properties. The results demonstrated that this photocatalyst has considerable potential for application in the domains of advanced water treatment purification and environmental remediation.
{"title":"FeNi2S4/NF photoelectrocatalytic system for high-efficiency tetracycline degradation: mechanistic elucidation and ecotoxicological profiling","authors":"Qiuyu Su, Jiajun Huang, Yanhua Song, Wei Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166214","url":null,"abstract":"Tetracycline (TC) antibiotics pose ecological risks and contribute to the spread of drug resistance due to their difficult degradation and incomplete treatment, which leaves residues in the environment. Therefore, efficient degradation technologies must be developed urgently. Photoelectrocatalysis (PEC) technology is an environmentally friendly advanced oxidation process with great potential for treating such pollutants in water treatment. In this study, FeNi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/NF photoanode material was successfully prepared through a two-step hydrothermal method. The material showed excellent catalytic activity in the photoelectrocatalytic system. The removal rate of TC was as high as 98.8% within 1 h, and the degradation efficiency only decayed by 1% after five consecutive cycles, demonstrating excellent structural stability. In response to the lack of sufficient empirical evidence on the transformation mechanisms of TC degradation intermediates and their ecotoxicity, this study systematically elucidated the TC degradation pathway and comprehensively evaluated the ecotoxicological impact of the intermediates. Furthermore, the antimicrobial characteristics of FeNi<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>/NF were extensively investigated to assess its multifunctional properties. The results demonstrated that this photocatalyst has considerable potential for application in the domains of advanced water treatment purification and environmental remediation.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Interface confinement strategy is crucial for achieving highly stable and enhanced photoluminescence in lead halide perovskite nanocrystals and expanding their optoelectronic applications. A dual-interface confinement strategy combining physical and chemical approaches was proposed to construct ternary SrWO4/MAPbBr3@MS-4A. Specifically, epitaxial growth of MAPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs) on lattice-matched SrWO4 was achieved within the channels of molecular sieve 4A (MS-4A). Benefiting from the porous confinement of MS-4A and surface defect passivation by SrWO4, the composites exhibit significantly enhanced photoluminescence along and high stability against ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, water, and heat. SrWO4/MAPbBr3@MS-4A exhibits temperature-dependent fluorescence intensity and peak shift, which respectively enable it to serve as a dual-mode optical thermometer with a maximum relative temperature sensitivity of 3.94% K⁻1. Furthermore, white LEDs fabricated with the composite achieve a high luminous efficiency of 37.12 lm·W−1, a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 8077 K, and a wide color gamut covering 102.5% of the NTSC standard. The WLED devices show excellent stability under long-term operation and high current. This work provides a simple and green approach for assembling lattice-matched multicomponent perovskite composites, achieving enhanced photoluminescence and stability for diverse optical applications.
界面约束策略对于实现卤化铅钙钛矿纳米晶体的高稳定和增强光致发光以及扩大其光电应用至关重要。提出了一种物理和化学相结合的双界面约束策略来构建三元SrWO4/MAPbBr3@MS-4A。具体来说，MAPbBr3量子点（QDs）在晶格匹配的SrWO4上实现了在分子筛4A （MS-4A）通道内的外延生长。得益于MS-4A的多孔约束和SrWO4的表面缺陷钝化，该复合材料具有显著增强的光致发光性能和高的抗紫外线、水和热稳定性。SrWO4/MAPbBr3@MS-4A表现出温度依赖的荧光强度和峰移，使其能够作为双模光学温度计，最大相对温度灵敏度为3.94% K - 1。此外，用该复合材料制备的白光led的发光效率为37.12 lm·W−1，相关色温（CCT）为8077 K，色域宽覆盖NTSC标准的102.5%。WLED器件在长期工作和大电流下均表现出优异的稳定性。这项工作为组装晶格匹配的多组分钙钛矿复合材料提供了一种简单而绿色的方法，在各种光学应用中实现了增强的光致发光和稳定性。
{"title":"Dual interface confinement engineering via physical and chemical synergistic effects for ultrastable SrWO4/MAPbBr3@MS-4A composites","authors":"Jian Ma, Shihao Dong, Guofu Wei, Peng Liu, Mingdong Zhou, Yan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166233","url":null,"abstract":"The Interface confinement strategy is crucial for achieving highly stable and enhanced photoluminescence in lead halide perovskite nanocrystals and expanding their optoelectronic applications. A dual-interface confinement strategy combining physical and chemical approaches was proposed to construct ternary SrWO<sub>4</sub>/MAPbBr<sub>3</sub>@MS-4A. Specifically, epitaxial growth of MAPbBr<sub>3</sub> quantum dots (QDs) on lattice-matched SrWO<sub>4</sub> was achieved within the channels of molecular sieve 4A (MS-4A). Benefiting from the porous confinement of MS-4A and surface defect passivation by SrWO<sub>4</sub>, the composites exhibit significantly enhanced photoluminescence along and high stability against ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, water, and heat. SrWO<sub>4</sub>/MAPbBr<sub>3</sub>@MS-4A exhibits temperature-dependent fluorescence intensity and peak shift, which respectively enable it to serve as a dual-mode optical thermometer with a maximum relative temperature sensitivity of 3.94% K⁻<sup>1</sup>. Furthermore, white LEDs fabricated with the composite achieve a high luminous efficiency of 37.12 lm·W<sup>−1</sup>, a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 8077 K, and a wide color gamut covering 102.5% of the NTSC standard. The WLED devices show excellent stability under long-term operation and high current. This work provides a simple and green approach for assembling lattice-matched multicomponent perovskite composites, achieving enhanced photoluminescence and stability for diverse optical applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166235
Naoko Taki, Kio Kawakatsu, Mana Akita, Yuma Uesaka, Tiangao Jiang, Shanhu Liu, Sho Usuki, Kazuya Nakata
Molecularly selective photocatalysis is essential for advanced water purification that targets specific pollutants while preserving coexisting beneficial substances. In a significant departure from the conventional view of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4, GCN) as a non-selective photocatalyst, this study first reveals an “unrecognized intrinsic selectivity” of GCN for phenol degradation over glucose. To maximize this latent potential, we developed a “defect-amplified” strategy using sulfuric acid treatment to introduce precise nitrogen vacancies (GCN-S). Our results demonstrate a dramatic amplification of selectivity: while pristine GCN shows only marginal preference, the defect-engineered GCN-S achieves an exceptional 87.5% phenol degradation with minimal glucose loss (∼8.6%), representing a nearly 10-fold increase in selective performance. Mechanistic analysis confirms that nitrogen defects play a crucial role in promoting the generation of superoxide radicals, which are identified as the primary active species for phenol decomposition, while simultaneously suppressing the pathways that lead to glucose degradation. By establishing the novel concept of “defect-amplified selective photocatalysis,” this work provides a transformative paradigm for designing next-generation, high-selectivity photocatalysts for sophisticated environmental applications.
{"title":"Defect-amplified selective photocatalysis for enhanced phenol degradation over glucose on sulfuric-acid-treated g-C3N4","authors":"Naoko Taki, Kio Kawakatsu, Mana Akita, Yuma Uesaka, Tiangao Jiang, Shanhu Liu, Sho Usuki, Kazuya Nakata","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166235","url":null,"abstract":"Molecularly selective photocatalysis is essential for advanced water purification that targets specific pollutants while preserving coexisting beneficial substances. In a significant departure from the conventional view of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, GCN) as a non-selective photocatalyst, this study first reveals an “unrecognized intrinsic selectivity” of GCN for phenol degradation over glucose. To maximize this latent potential, we developed a “defect-amplified” strategy using sulfuric acid treatment to introduce precise nitrogen vacancies (GCN-S). Our results demonstrate a dramatic amplification of selectivity: while pristine GCN shows only marginal preference, the defect-engineered GCN-S achieves an exceptional 87.5% phenol degradation with minimal glucose loss (∼8.6%), representing a nearly 10-fold increase in selective performance. Mechanistic analysis confirms that nitrogen defects play a crucial role in promoting the generation of superoxide radicals, which are identified as the primary active species for phenol decomposition, while simultaneously suppressing the pathways that lead to glucose degradation. By establishing the novel concept of “defect-amplified selective photocatalysis,” this work provides a transformative paradigm for designing next-generation, high-selectivity photocatalysts for sophisticated environmental applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166212
Zhangyue Qin, Yali Zhang, Xiaogang Zhang, Xinlu Yuan, Zhongmin Jin
Fretting wear of Ti6Al4V alloy for femoral stems in artificial hip joints is a major contributor to prosthesis loosening and subsequent revision surgeries. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) emerges as a feasible and highly promising surface modification technique to mitigate this problem. In recent years, two key optimization strategies have been proposed to enhance wear resistance of MAO coatings: incorporating self-lubricating and high-hardness nanomaterials. However, existing studies have focused on sliding wear, while the effects of such nano-additives on fretting wear behavior of MAO coatings remain unclear. In this study, self-lubricating graphene (G) and high-hardness alumina (Al2O3) nanomaterials were incorporated into MAO coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy. The fretting wear behaviors of conventional, G-reinforced, and Al2O3-reinforced coatings under various fretting regimes were systematically investigated, and optimization mechanisms were elucidated. The results revealed that both graphene and alumina significantly enhanced coatings’ fretting wear resistance. The optimization mechanism of graphene was primarily manifested in promoting lubrication. During debris generation, pore compression, and coating damage, graphene progressively transferred and dispersed throughout the wear region, forming a smooth and uniform lubricating film on the coating surface. In contrast, alumina markedly improved coating hardness by bearing load, reinforcing bonding, and filling pores, thereby enhancing wear resistance. Notably, under the mixed fretting regime (MFR) and gross slip regime (GSR), G-reinforced coatings exhibited the lowest friction coefficient due to excellent lubricating ability. Nevertheless, across all fretting regimes, Al2O3-reinforced coatings exhibited the lowest wear rate due to superior fatigue resistance. Overall, alumina demonstrated more pronounced improvement and greater potential than graphene.
{"title":"Effects of graphene and α-Al2O3 nano-additives on the fretting wear behavior of MAO coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy: a comparison of self-lubrication and hardness-enhancement strategies","authors":"Zhangyue Qin, Yali Zhang, Xiaogang Zhang, Xinlu Yuan, Zhongmin Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2026.166212","url":null,"abstract":"Fretting wear of Ti6Al4V alloy for femoral stems in artificial hip joints is a major contributor to prosthesis loosening and subsequent revision surgeries. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) emerges as a feasible and highly promising surface modification technique to mitigate this problem. In recent years, two key optimization strategies have been proposed to enhance wear resistance of MAO coatings: incorporating self-lubricating and high-hardness nanomaterials. However, existing studies have focused on sliding wear, while the effects of such nano-additives on fretting wear behavior of MAO coatings remain unclear. In this study, self-lubricating graphene (G) and high-hardness alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanomaterials were incorporated into MAO coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy. The fretting wear behaviors of conventional, G-reinforced, and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-reinforced coatings under various fretting regimes were systematically investigated, and optimization mechanisms were elucidated. The results revealed that both graphene and alumina significantly enhanced coatings’ fretting wear resistance. The optimization mechanism of graphene was primarily manifested in promoting lubrication. During debris generation, pore compression, and coating damage, graphene progressively transferred and dispersed throughout the wear region, forming a smooth and uniform lubricating film on the coating surface. In contrast, alumina markedly improved coating hardness by bearing load, reinforcing bonding, and filling pores, thereby enhancing wear resistance. Notably, under the mixed fretting regime (MFR) and gross slip regime (GSR), G-reinforced coatings exhibited the lowest friction coefficient due to excellent lubricating ability. Nevertheless, across all fretting regimes, Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-reinforced coatings exhibited the lowest wear rate due to superior fatigue resistance. Overall, alumina demonstrated more pronounced improvement and greater potential than graphene.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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