Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161845
Ardiansyah Taufik, Lei Miao, Takuya Hasegawa, Yusuke Asakura, Shu Yin
In this study, we investigate the novel application of ZnIn2S4 as an NO gas detection device by precisely modulating its surface facets through crystal growth control in a supercritical water environment. The supercritical hydrothermal synthesis successfully transforms ZnIn2S4 from a flower-like structure into a hexagonal plate morphology, driven by the preferential growth of the basal plane (003) surface facet. This morphological control, which is unattainable in a subcritical environment, is evidenced by a substantial increase in the (003)/(011) facet ratio from 0.52 to 1.98 with rising temperature. NO detection results indicate that this surface morphology modification significantly accelerates sensor response, attributed to enhanced interaction between the ZnIn2S4 surface and NO gas, as well as reduced diffusion limitations compared to the flower-like morphology. The hexagonal plates exhibit a remarkably fast response time of approximately 25 s, in contrast to 181 s for the flower-like counterpart. These findings underscore the crucial role of surface facet engineering in optimizing the gas-sensing properties of ZnIn2S4, highlighting its potential for advanced gas sensor applications.
{"title":"Surface facet engineering of ZnIn2S4 via supercritical hydrothermal synthesis for enhanced NO gas sensing performance","authors":"Ardiansyah Taufik, Lei Miao, Takuya Hasegawa, Yusuke Asakura, Shu Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161845","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigate the novel application of ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> as an NO gas detection device by precisely modulating its surface facets through crystal growth control in a supercritical water environment. The supercritical hydrothermal synthesis successfully transforms ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> from a flower-like structure into a hexagonal plate morphology, driven by the preferential growth of the basal plane (003) surface facet. This morphological control, which is unattainable in a subcritical environment, is evidenced by a substantial increase in the (003)/(011) facet ratio from 0.52 to 1.98 with rising temperature. NO detection results indicate that this surface morphology modification significantly accelerates sensor response, attributed to enhanced interaction between the ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> surface and NO gas, as well as reduced diffusion limitations compared to the flower-like morphology. The hexagonal plates exhibit a remarkably fast response time of approximately 25 s, in contrast to 181 s for the flower-like counterpart. These findings underscore the crucial role of surface facet engineering in optimizing the gas-sensing properties of ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>, highlighting its potential for advanced gas sensor applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161843
Jiantao Wang, Chongxia Zhong, Qixin Yang, Jinsong Li
Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) have attracted increasing attention due to their inexpensive elemental potassium resources and excellent theoretical electrochemical properties. Two-dimensional metal sulfides exhibit a high specific capacity as potassium ion hosts, but the high diffusion barriers for potassium ions lead to a poor reversibility of the reaction and make the theoretical capacity difficult to achieve. Here, the sulphide MoS2 was introduced into WS2 nanosheets to construct layered WS2/MoS2 heterostructures anchored on a biogenic carbon (BioC) framework. The MoS2 in the framework served as an anchoring site to stabilise the intermediate product KxSy and to increase the WS2 layer spacing. Interfacial electric fields and potassium ion migration channels with high conversion reversibility were also formed in the layered heterostructures. The results confirmed that the reversibility of the reaction and the potassium ion diffusion rate were improved. As a result, the WS2-MoS2-BioC electrode achieves high specific capacity and diffusion rate, with a reversible specific capacity of up to 517.1 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, and a three order of magnitude improvement in potassium ion diffusion performance compared to that of MoS2-BioC. This heterostructure design strategy provides ideas for the development of metal sulphide anodes for potassium ion batteries.
{"title":"WS2-MoS2-biocarbon heterostructure for high-performance potassium ion storage","authors":"Jiantao Wang, Chongxia Zhong, Qixin Yang, Jinsong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161843","url":null,"abstract":"Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) have attracted increasing attention due to their inexpensive elemental potassium resources and excellent theoretical electrochemical properties. Two-dimensional metal sulfides exhibit a high specific capacity as potassium ion hosts, but the high diffusion barriers for potassium ions lead to a poor reversibility of the reaction and make the theoretical capacity difficult to achieve. Here, the sulphide MoS<sub>2</sub> was introduced into WS<sub>2</sub> nanosheets to construct layered WS<sub>2</sub>/MoS<sub>2</sub> heterostructures anchored on a biogenic carbon (BioC) framework. The MoS<sub>2</sub> in the framework served as an anchoring site to stabilise the intermediate product K<sub>x</sub>S<sub>y</sub> and to increase the WS<sub>2</sub> layer spacing. Interfacial electric fields and potassium ion migration channels with high conversion reversibility were also formed in the layered heterostructures. The results confirmed that the reversibility of the reaction and the potassium ion diffusion rate were improved. As a result, the WS<sub>2</sub>-MoS<sub>2</sub>-BioC electrode achieves high specific capacity and diffusion rate, with a reversible specific capacity of up to 517.1 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, and a three order of magnitude improvement in potassium ion diffusion performance compared to that of MoS<sub>2</sub>-BioC. This heterostructure design strategy provides ideas for the development of metal sulphide anodes for potassium ion batteries.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161841
Mia Mesić, Lidija Androš Dubraja
Molecular ferroelectrics with low power consumption offer environmental and economic advantages over conventional ferroelectrics and could lead to next-generation microelectronic devices. To this end, it is of great importance to understand the conditions under which molecules can be engineered to form large-area, highly oriented thin films, as their electrical properties depend on orientation. In the research field of molecular ferroelectrics, homochiral multifunctional organic molecules are often used to induce the self-assembly of molecules through non-covalent interactions to form polar crystal packings and consequently ferroelectric properties. Here, molecular ferroelectric thin films based on the natural Cinchona alkaloid, cinchoninium cation and chlorocobaltate(II) anion were prepared by a dip-coating technique without post-thermal treatment and assisted stabilization process. The deposition parameters (relative humidity, temperature, concentration and withdrawal speed) were modified to produce either completely dense or fully patterned films with randomly distributed holes on the surfaces. While non-covalent interactions are the main factor in determining the structure of cinchoninium-trichloro-cobalt(II) thin films, relative humidity is a key parameter in the simultaneous self-organization happening at the mesoscale, acting as a dewetting agent. Dense cinchoninium-trichloro-cobalt(II) films exhibit a stable ferroelectric switching at a low operating voltage, and patterned films were tested as resistive methanol sensors.
{"title":"Humidity modulated surface pattering of large-scale molecular ferroelectric thin films based on natural alkaloids","authors":"Mia Mesić, Lidija Androš Dubraja","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161841","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular ferroelectrics with low power consumption offer environmental and economic advantages over conventional ferroelectrics and could lead to next-generation microelectronic devices. To this end, it is of great importance to understand the conditions under which molecules can be engineered to form large-area, highly oriented thin films, as their electrical properties depend on orientation. In the research field of molecular ferroelectrics, homochiral multifunctional organic molecules are often used to induce the self-assembly of molecules through non-covalent interactions to form polar crystal packings and consequently ferroelectric properties. Here, molecular ferroelectric thin films based on the natural Cinchona alkaloid, cinchoninium cation and chlorocobaltate(II) anion were prepared by a dip-coating technique without post-thermal treatment and assisted stabilization process. The deposition parameters (relative humidity, temperature, concentration and withdrawal speed) were modified to produce either completely dense or fully patterned films with randomly distributed holes on the surfaces. While non-covalent interactions are the main factor in determining the structure of cinchoninium-trichloro-cobalt(II) thin films, relative humidity is a key parameter in the simultaneous self-organization happening at the mesoscale, acting as a dewetting agent. Dense cinchoninium-trichloro-cobalt(II) films exhibit a stable ferroelectric switching at a low operating voltage, and patterned films were tested as resistive methanol sensors.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Advanced oxidation technology based on sulfate radical has great potential in the oxidation removal of refractory organic pollutants. Carbon materials with higher surface area, which are utilized to support transition metal catalyst such as Co, can effectively inhibit metal leaching and reduce the degree of secondary pollution. Herein, ZIF-67 as a Co source was doped in the polymer fiber matrixes of polyacrylonitrile and poly(methyl methacrylate), and CoO/Co/carbon nanofibers (CoO/Co/CNFs) composites with hollow structure was obtained after carbonization. The experimental results show that Co exists in the form of Co0 and Co2+ in the CoO/Co/CNFs. Using the CoO/Co/CNFs as Fenton catalysts and Rhodamine B as a simulated pollutant, the degradation rate of the pollutant could reach 95 % within 10 min. After five cyclic degradation tests, the degradation rates only slightly decreased. In addition, The (CoO/Co/CNFs)/PMS system also showed a remarkable ability to degrade methylene blue.
基于硫酸根的高级氧化技术在氧化去除难降解有机污染物方面具有巨大潜力。利用具有较高比表面积的碳材料来支撑 Co 等过渡金属催化剂，可有效抑制金属浸出，降低二次污染程度。本文将 ZIF-67 作为 Co 源掺杂到聚丙烯腈和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的聚合物纤维基体中，碳化后得到了具有中空结构的 CoO/Co/碳纳米纤维（CoO/Co/CNFs）复合材料。实验结果表明，Co 在 CoO/Co/CNFs 中以 Co0 和 Co2+ 的形式存在。以 CoO/Co/CNFs 为 Fenton 催化剂，以罗丹明 B 为模拟污染物，10 分钟内污染物的降解率可达 95%。经过五次循环降解试验后，降解率仅略有下降。此外，(CoO/Co/CNFs)/PMS 系统对亚甲基蓝的降解能力也非常显著。
{"title":"ZIF-67 as the Co source for the preparation of composite hollow CoO/Co/carbon nanofibers and their application in advanced oxidation process","authors":"Haowei Sun, Qiaohong Peng, Guangzhen Li, Zheng Chen, Xiaoyu Huang, Hua Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161840","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced oxidation technology based on sulfate radical has great potential in the oxidation removal of refractory organic pollutants. Carbon materials with higher surface area, which are utilized to support transition metal catalyst such as Co, can effectively inhibit metal leaching and reduce the degree of secondary pollution. Herein, ZIF-67 as a Co source was doped in the polymer fiber matrixes of polyacrylonitrile and poly(methyl methacrylate), and CoO/Co/carbon nanofibers (CoO/Co/CNFs) composites with hollow structure was obtained after carbonization. The experimental results show that Co exists in the form of Co<sup>0</sup> and Co<sup>2+</sup> in the CoO/Co/CNFs. Using the CoO/Co/CNFs as Fenton catalysts and Rhodamine B as a simulated pollutant, the degradation rate of the pollutant could reach 95 % within 10 min. After five cyclic degradation tests, the degradation rates only slightly decreased. In addition, The (CoO/Co/CNFs)/PMS system also showed a remarkable ability to degrade methylene blue.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is highly regarded in the field of two-dimensional material protection due to its wide band gap, excellent high-temperature stability, outstanding mechanical properties, low dielectric constant, and chemical inertness, demonstrating tremendous application potential. However, achieving large-scale, high-quality, multilayer h-BN film preparation remains a major challenge in the scientific community. To overcome this obstacle, we have combined theoretical calculations with experimental studies, focusing on the growth mechanism of h-BN on different metal borides surfaces. The research results show that the nucleation process of h-BN on Ni3B (112) surface is more difficult compared to that on Fe2B (001) surface, resulting in a slower nucleation rate and lower density of h-BN on Ni3B (112). However, once nucleated successfully on Ni3B (112) surface, the growth rate of h-BN will significantly accelerate, far exceeding the growth rate on Fe2B (001) surface. This discovery suggests that although the nucleation process of h-BN on Ni3B (112) surface is slower, the quality of the grown film is higher. By applying characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy, we further validated the predicted results of these theoretical studies. This research not only provides new insights for solving the challenge of preparing high-quality h-BN films but also offers important material foundations for the future technological applications of two-dimensional materials.
{"title":"Nucleation and growth mechanism of hexagonal boron nitride on metal borides surfaces: A combined theoretical and experimental study","authors":"Yanqing Guo, Zhiyuan Shi, Tianru Wu, Qinghong Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161837","url":null,"abstract":"Hexagonal boron nitride (<em>h</em>-BN) is highly regarded in the field of two-dimensional material protection due to its wide band gap, excellent high-temperature stability, outstanding mechanical properties, low dielectric constant, and chemical inertness, demonstrating tremendous application potential. However, achieving large-scale, high-quality, multilayer <em>h</em>-BN film preparation remains a major challenge in the scientific community. To overcome this obstacle, we have combined theoretical calculations with experimental studies, focusing on the growth mechanism of <em>h</em>-BN on different metal borides surfaces. The research results show that the nucleation process of <em>h</em>-BN on Ni<sub>3</sub>B (112) surface is more difficult compared to that on Fe<sub>2</sub>B (001) surface, resulting in a slower nucleation rate and lower density of <em>h</em>-BN on Ni<sub>3</sub>B (112). However, once nucleated successfully on Ni<sub>3</sub>B (112) surface, the growth rate of <em>h</em>-BN will significantly accelerate, far exceeding the growth rate on Fe<sub>2</sub>B (001) surface. This discovery suggests that although the nucleation process of <em>h</em>-BN on Ni<sub>3</sub>B (112) surface is slower, the quality of the grown film is higher. By applying characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy, we further validated the predicted results of these theoretical studies. This research not only provides new insights for solving the challenge of preparing high-quality <em>h</em>-BN films but also offers important material foundations for the future technological applications of two-dimensional materials.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, the surface of WE43 was modified with Sn ions using a composite device with both filtered cathode vacuum arc (FCVA) and metal vapor vacuum arc (MEVVA) functions. The influences of Sn ions on the surface morphology, elasticity modulus (EIT), nano-hardness (HIT), and corrosion resistance of WE43 after modification by different treatments were comparatively studied. The corrosion mechanism was also elaborated from the perspectives of corrosion kinetics and oxidation process. The results proved that the modulus of elasticity of the samples increased after the Sn ion modification of WE43 by both FCVA and MEVVA, in which the EIT increased from 55.24 to 57.04 GPa after FCVA modification. The FCVA technique covered the surface of the samples with a uniform Sn film, however, the difference in potential between Sn and Mg was too large which aggravated the galvanic coupling corrosion. After the injection of Sn ions, a modified layer consisting of SnO2 and Sn was successfully formed on the sample face. The electrochemically measured Icorr of WE43, Sn-implanted and Sn-deposited were 23.15, 17.88 and 65.25 μA⋅cm−2. The results of the immersion experiments demonstrated that SnO2 effectively impeded the dissolution of Mg (OH)2, resulting in the formation of a uniform and dense corrosion product film that enhanced the corrosion resistance of WE43.
在这项工作中，使用具有过滤阴极真空电弧（FCVA）和金属蒸气真空电弧（MEVVA）功能的复合装置对 WE43 表面进行了锡离子改性。比较研究了不同处理方法改性后，锡离子对 WE43 表面形貌、弹性模量（EIT）、纳米硬度（HIT）和耐腐蚀性能的影响。还从腐蚀动力学和氧化过程的角度阐述了腐蚀机理。结果表明，采用 FCVA 和 MEVVA 两种方法对 WE43 进行 Sn 离子改性后，样品的弹性模量均有所提高，其中 FCVA 改性后的 EIT 从 55.24 GPa 提高到 57.04 GPa。FCVA 技术在样品表面覆盖了一层均匀的锡膜，但由于锡和镁之间的电位差过大，加剧了电偶腐蚀。注入 Sn 离子后，样品表面成功形成了由 SnO2 和 Sn 组成的改性层。经电化学测量，WE43、Sn 注入和 Sn 沉积的 Icorr 分别为 23.15、17.88 和 65.25 μA-cm-2。浸泡实验结果表明，二氧化锡有效地阻止了 Mg (OH)2 的溶解，从而形成了一层均匀致密的腐蚀产物膜，增强了 WE43 的耐腐蚀性。
{"title":"Different corrosion behaviors of Sn-based modification coatings on magnesium alloy surface via plasma-involved processes: FCVA deposition vs MEVVA ion implantation","authors":"Liping Guo, Xinxuan Wang, Liwei Lu, Hongshuai Cao, Yilong Dai, Kaiwei Tang, Nie Zhao, Fugang Qi, Xiaoping Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161842","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the surface of WE43 was modified with Sn ions using a composite device with both filtered cathode vacuum arc (FCVA) and metal vapor vacuum arc (MEVVA) functions. The influences of Sn ions on the surface morphology, elasticity modulus (EIT), nano-hardness (HIT), and corrosion resistance of WE43 after modification by different treatments were comparatively studied. The corrosion mechanism was also elaborated from the perspectives of corrosion kinetics and oxidation process. The results proved that the modulus of elasticity of the samples increased after the Sn ion modification of WE43 by both FCVA and MEVVA, in which the EIT increased from 55.24 to 57.04 GPa after FCVA modification. The FCVA technique covered the surface of the samples with a uniform Sn film, however, the difference in potential between Sn and Mg was too large which aggravated the galvanic coupling corrosion. After the injection of Sn ions, a modified layer consisting of SnO<sub>2</sub> and Sn was successfully formed on the sample face. The electrochemically measured I<sub>corr</sub> of WE43, Sn-implanted and Sn-deposited were 23.15, 17.88 and 65.25 μA⋅cm<sup>−2</sup>. The results of the immersion experiments demonstrated that SnO<sub>2</sub> effectively impeded the dissolution of Mg (OH)<sub>2</sub>, resulting in the formation of a uniform and dense corrosion product film that enhanced the corrosion resistance of WE43.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161821
Heeyeon An, Joonseo Park, Sieun Jeon, Yongjin Chung
Graphene oxide templated carbon framework (GOTCF) was synthesized on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) as a highly efficient catalyst for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). A two-step synthesis involving microwave irradiation and post-treatment resulted in enhanced catalytic performance towards vanadium ion redox reactions (VIRR) through the formation of graphitic carbon with porous structure and high oxygen-containing functional group content. Subsequent to post-treatment, a 15-fold increase in surface area with a predominantly mesoporous feature compared to pristine GO was observed without a significant decrease in oxygen content, optimizing electron and ion transport, thereby enhancing catalytic activity towards VIRR. Electrochemical evaluations demonstrated the superior performance of the GOTCF electrodes for VIRR, as evidenced by the greater than 50 % reduction in charge transfer resistance and approximately 30 % higher peak current densities compared to those of the electrode utilizing pristine GO. Single-cell VRFB tests revealed that the GOTCF-based electrodes achieved significantly higher energy efficiencies and stable capacity performance, even under high current density conditions (400 mA cm−2). Moreover, after 500 cycles, the GOTCF electrodes retained over 89.3 % of their initial capacity, surpassing the durability of GF and GF/GO electrodes, thus confirming their potential as robust catalysts for VRFB applications.
{"title":"Mesoporous graphitic carbon on graphene oxide: A high-performance catalyst for vanadium redox flow batteries","authors":"Heeyeon An, Joonseo Park, Sieun Jeon, Yongjin Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161821","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene oxide templated carbon framework (GOTCF) was synthesized on the surface of graphene oxide (GO) as a highly efficient catalyst for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). A two-step synthesis involving microwave irradiation and post-treatment resulted in enhanced catalytic performance towards vanadium ion redox reactions (VIRR) through the formation of graphitic carbon with porous structure and high oxygen-containing functional group content. Subsequent to post-treatment, a 15-fold increase in surface area with a predominantly mesoporous feature compared to pristine GO was observed without a significant decrease in oxygen content, optimizing electron and ion transport, thereby enhancing catalytic activity towards VIRR. Electrochemical evaluations demonstrated the superior performance of the GOTCF electrodes for VIRR, as evidenced by the greater than 50 % reduction in charge transfer resistance and approximately 30 % higher peak current densities compared to those of the electrode utilizing pristine GO. Single-cell VRFB tests revealed that the GOTCF-based electrodes achieved significantly higher energy efficiencies and stable capacity performance, even under high current density conditions (400 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>). Moreover, after 500 cycles, the GOTCF electrodes retained over 89.3 % of their initial capacity, surpassing the durability of GF and GF/GO electrodes, thus confirming their potential as robust catalysts for VRFB applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"168 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The electron extraction of indium (In3+)-doped mixed cationic perovskite heterostructure, SnO2/Cs0.05(MA0.17FA0.83)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3:In3+ (SnO2/M:In3+), is explored by optical pump-terahertz (THz) probe technology. The difference of the conductivity maxima (Δσdm) of M and SnO2/M is used to calculate the electron extraction efficiency of SnO2/M with photoexcited carrier density of 2.66 × 1018 ∼ 1.33 × 1019 cm−3, which are 33.14 %, 32.01 %, 31.17 %, −3.73 %, and –23.66 %, respectively. The negative electron extraction efficiency of SnO2/M with photoexcited carrier density from 1.06 × 1018 to 1.33 × 1019 cm−3 is caused by the extraction of electrons from SnO2 into M. For SnO2/M:In3+, electron extraction efficiencies are 51.76 %, 52.68 %, 49.51 %, 48.03.% and 48.03 % with photoexcited carrier density increased from 2.66 × 1018 cm−3 to1.33 × 1019 cm−3, respectively, which are all positive and about 20 % higher than that of SnO2/M, related to the suppression of Auger recombination and super-injection phenomenon by In3+ doping. The insights of this investigation provide important experimental data and theoretical basis for design and production of efficient perovskite solar cells.
{"title":"Improvement of interfacial electron extraction efficiency by suppressing Auger recombination in an indium-doped mixed cationic perovskite heterostructure","authors":"Gaofang Li, Chenguang Huang, Xiaolin Liu, Yanan Wang, Jia Lin, Chen Wang, Xian Lin, Guohong Ma, Zhiming Huang, Junhao Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161819","url":null,"abstract":"The electron extraction of indium (In<sup>3+</sup>)-doped mixed cationic perovskite heterostructure, SnO<sub>2</sub>/Cs<sub>0.05</sub>(MA<sub>0.17</sub>FA<sub>0.83</sub>)<sub>0.95</sub>Pb(I<sub>0.83</sub>Br<sub>0.17</sub>)<sub>3</sub>:In<sup>3+</sup> (SnO<sub>2</sub>/M:In<sup>3+</sup>), is explored by optical pump-terahertz (THz) probe technology. The difference of the conductivity maxima (Δσ<sub>dm</sub>) of M and SnO<sub>2</sub>/M is used to calculate the electron extraction efficiency of SnO<sub>2</sub>/M with photoexcited carrier density of 2.66 × 10<sup>18</sup> ∼ 1.33 × 10<sup>19</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>, which are 33.14 %, 32.01 %, 31.17 %, −3.73 %, and –23.66 %, respectively. The negative electron extraction efficiency of SnO<sub>2</sub>/M with photoexcited carrier density from 1.06 × 10<sup>18</sup> to 1.33 × 10<sup>19</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup> is caused by the extraction of electrons from SnO<sub>2</sub> into M. For SnO<sub>2</sub>/M:In<sup>3+</sup>, electron extraction efficiencies are 51.76 %, 52.68 %, 49.51 %, 48.03.% and 48.03 % with photoexcited carrier density increased from 2.66 × 10<sup>18</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup> to1.33 × 10<sup>19</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>, respectively, which are all positive and about 20 % higher than that of SnO<sub>2</sub>/M, related to the suppression of Auger recombination and super-injection phenomenon by In<sup>3+</sup> doping. The insights of this investigation provide important experimental data and theoretical basis for design and production of efficient perovskite solar cells.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161836
Huasi Zhou, Håkan Engqvist, Olivier Donzel-Gargand, Daniel Primetzhofer, Wei Xia
Periodontal disease caused by bacterial accumulation is a critical issue affecting the longevity of related materials and implants. Enhancing the antibacterial properties of glass ceramics remains a significant challenge. Due to their excellent mechanical properties, ZrO2-SiO2 glass ceramics have shown great potential in dental restoration. Here, to endow ZrO2-SiO2 glass ceramics with antibacterial properties, nitrogen ion implantation was performed to modify their surfaces. The effects of nitrogen fluence on the microstructural, mechanical and antibacterial properties were investigated. The results showed that phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic phase occurred after ion implantation. Surface hardening was observed in the sample under the low fluence ion implantation. Partial amorphization and blistering were observed at the highest fluence of 6.0 1017 ions/cm2. XPS analysis revealed that the implanted nitrogen ions mainly form O-Zr-N, N-Si-O and Si-N bonds. Staphylococcus aureus testing showed that the antibacterial properties of ZrO2-SiO2 glass ceramics can be enhanced after implantation, which may be attributed to the formation of reactive nitrogen species. The results show that nitrogen implantation can enhance the antibacterial properties of ZrO2-SiO2 glass ceramics without compromising their mechanical properties.
{"title":"N-induced antibacterial capability of ZrO2-SiO2 glass ceramics by ion implantation","authors":"Huasi Zhou, Håkan Engqvist, Olivier Donzel-Gargand, Daniel Primetzhofer, Wei Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161836","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontal disease caused by bacterial accumulation is a critical issue affecting the longevity of related materials and implants. Enhancing the antibacterial properties of glass ceramics remains a significant challenge. Due to their excellent mechanical properties, ZrO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> glass ceramics have shown great potential in dental restoration. Here, to endow ZrO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> glass ceramics with antibacterial properties, nitrogen ion implantation was performed to modify their surfaces. The effects of nitrogen fluence on the microstructural, mechanical and antibacterial properties were investigated. The results showed that phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic phase occurred after ion implantation. Surface hardening was observed in the sample under the low fluence ion implantation. Partial amorphization and blistering were observed at the highest fluence of 6.0 <span><math><mo is=\"true\">×</mo></math></span> 10<sup>17</sup> ions/cm<sup>2</sup>. XPS analysis revealed that the implanted nitrogen ions mainly form O-Zr-N, N-Si-O and Si-N bonds. <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> testing showed that the antibacterial properties of ZrO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> glass ceramics can be enhanced after implantation, which may be attributed to the formation of reactive nitrogen species. The results show that nitrogen implantation can enhance the antibacterial properties of ZrO<sub>2</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> glass ceramics without compromising their mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161822
Huihui Dong, Qinzheng Yang, Zhiyuan Yang, Yingying Lan, Wenlong Wang
The application of microbe-photocatalyst biohybrid (MPB) systems to pollutant removals has drawn considerable attentions due to the high demands on energy shortage and environmental pollution prevention. However, the stability and utilization rate of photoelectrons generated under the photocatalysis of plasmonic metals are still low. Herein, we constructed a new Au-TiO2/Shewanella biohybrid system by combining photocatalyst and electrogenic bacteria to realize the plasmon-induced visible-light-driven reduction of hexavalent chromium. The highly hydrophilic Au-TiO2 and the outer membrane protein (OmcA) of Shewanella were effectively complexed to form a tight composite. The irradiation of visible light increases the expression level of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in the MPB system and upregulates the function gene of OmcA and MtrC, suggesting that the photoelectrons are absorbed by the conductive protein and deposited into the microbes to realize high efficiency chromium removal (68.9%). This study successfully utilize the photogenerated electrons under the catalysis of plasmonic gold nanoparticles and opens up a new avenue to the application of MPB system in water treatment.
{"title":"Enabling high-efficiency plasmon-induced visible-light-driven reduction of hexavalent chromium with Au-TiO2/Shewanella biohybrid","authors":"Huihui Dong, Qinzheng Yang, Zhiyuan Yang, Yingying Lan, Wenlong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2024.161822","url":null,"abstract":"The application of microbe-photocatalyst biohybrid (MPB) systems to pollutant removals has drawn considerable attentions due to the high demands on energy shortage and environmental pollution prevention. However, the stability and utilization rate of photoelectrons generated under the photocatalysis of plasmonic metals are still low. Herein, we constructed a new Au-TiO<sub>2</sub>/<em>Shewanella</em> biohybrid<!-- --> <!-- -->system by combining photocatalyst and electrogenic bacteria to realize the plasmon-induced<!-- --> <!-- -->visible-light-driven reduction of hexavalent chromium. The highly hydrophilic Au-TiO<sub>2</sub> and the outer membrane protein (OmcA) of <em>Shewanella</em> were effectively complexed to form a tight composite. The irradiation of visible light increases the expression level of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in the MPB system and upregulates the function gene of OmcA and MtrC, suggesting that the photoelectrons are absorbed by the conductive protein and deposited into the microbes to realize high efficiency chromium removal (68.9%). This study successfully utilize the photogenerated electrons under the catalysis of plasmonic gold nanoparticles and opens up a new avenue to the application of MPB system in water treatment.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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