Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162432
Jun-Yeong Yang, Seunghun Lee, Eun-Yeon Byeon, Joo Young Park, Do-geun Kim, Seungyeon Hong, Sung Hun Lee, Hyo Jung Kim, Sunghoon Jung
Low-loss flexible copper-clad laminates are required for next-generation ultra-high-frequency communication systems, and fluorinated polymers are one of the good dielectric candidates due to its excellent dielectric properties. However, this necessitates ensuring high adhesion between Cu and the fluorinated polymers that commonly indicate surface inertness. This study investigates the effects of Ar ion beam treatment on the interfacial adhesion between fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) films and Cu layers deposited via magnetron sputtering. We increased the accumulated Ar ion dose from 9.8 × 1014 to 8.6 × 1015 ions/cm2, and the maximum peel strength between FEP and Cu was recorded to be 7.4 ± 0.26 N/cm at an ion dose of 5.9 × 1015 ions/cm2 on FEP. Surface characterization revealed that in all samples, the initial delamination occurred within the FEP surface, regardless of the Ar ion dose. Interfacial adhesion of Cu/FEP was attributed to the reinforced mechanical properties of the FEP via increased surface roughness and crystallinity. These findings will contribute to ensuring the reliable interfacial adhesion of Cu/FEP systems for high-frequency communications.
{"title":"Effect of Ar ion beam treatment on the interfacial adhesion between a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film and sputtered Cu","authors":"Jun-Yeong Yang, Seunghun Lee, Eun-Yeon Byeon, Joo Young Park, Do-geun Kim, Seungyeon Hong, Sung Hun Lee, Hyo Jung Kim, Sunghoon Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162432","url":null,"abstract":"Low-loss flexible copper-clad laminates are required for next-generation ultra-high-frequency communication systems, and fluorinated polymers are one of the good dielectric candidates due to its excellent dielectric properties. However, this necessitates ensuring high adhesion between Cu and the fluorinated polymers that commonly indicate surface inertness. This study investigates the effects of Ar ion beam treatment on the interfacial adhesion between fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) films and Cu layers deposited via magnetron sputtering. We increased the accumulated Ar ion dose from 9.8 × 10<sup>14</sup> to 8.6 × 10<sup>15</sup> ions/cm<sup>2</sup>, and the maximum peel strength between FEP and Cu was recorded to be 7.4 ± 0.26 N/cm at an ion dose of 5.9 × 10<sup>15</sup> ions/cm<sup>2</sup> on FEP. Surface characterization revealed that in all samples, the initial delamination occurred within the FEP surface, regardless of the Ar ion dose. Interfacial adhesion of Cu/FEP was attributed to the reinforced mechanical properties of the FEP via increased surface roughness and crystallinity. These findings will contribute to ensuring the reliable interfacial adhesion of Cu/FEP systems for high-frequency communications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Non-layered 2D transition metal chalcogenides have been one of the research hotspots recently. As an important category of 2D materials, non-layered 2D transition metal chalcogenides have chemical bonds in the three-dimensional directions though in 2D form, the strong interfacial coupling and unsaturated dangling bonds on the surface usually induce abundant magnetic order, excellent electrical property and improved air stability. However, the magnetic order and electrical nature are still controversial for nickel selenides system because of the less-defined microstructures and abundant crystalline defects. In this work, single-crystalline NiSe nanoflakes with controlled lateral size and thickness are achieved by chemical vapor deposition. Thanks to the inhibited spin fluctuation and promoted exchange interaction brought by the high crystal quality, the NiSe flakes exhibit a room-temperature ferromagnetic order with thickness-dependent perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and spin-flip from in-plane to out-of-plane orientation as the thinning of thickness. Additionally, the flakes show a typical metallic behavior with an excellent electrical conductivity of ∼4.89 × 105 sm−1 and photo-response upon near-infrared irradiation with a net photocurrent as high as 0.12 mA. This work provides a full and fundamental study of both the growth control and physical property including magnetic and optoelectronic properties for NiSe-based materials and devices.
{"title":"Non-layered NiSe single-crystalline nanoflakes with room-temperature ferromagnetic order and near infrared photoresponse","authors":"Ying Wang, Lixuan Yu, Xiaohui Li, Shouyang Wang, Jielin Yang, Hui Yuan, Xiaoniu Peng, Jianping Shi, Yilin Wang, Yingshuang Fu, Xina Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162416","url":null,"abstract":"Non-layered 2D transition metal chalcogenides have been one of the research hotspots recently. As an important category of 2D materials, non-layered 2D transition metal chalcogenides have chemical bonds in the three-dimensional directions though in 2D form, the strong interfacial coupling and unsaturated dangling bonds on the surface usually induce abundant magnetic order, excellent electrical property and improved air stability. However, the magnetic order and electrical nature are still controversial for nickel selenides system because of the less-defined microstructures and abundant crystalline defects. In this work, single-crystalline NiSe nanoflakes with controlled lateral size and thickness are achieved by chemical vapor deposition. Thanks to the inhibited spin fluctuation and promoted exchange interaction brought by the high crystal quality, the NiSe flakes exhibit a room-temperature ferromagnetic order with thickness-dependent perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and spin-flip from in-plane to out-of-plane orientation as the thinning of thickness. Additionally, the flakes show a typical metallic behavior with an excellent electrical conductivity of ∼4.89 × 10<sup>5</sup> sm<sup>−1</sup> and photo-response upon near-infrared irradiation with a net photocurrent as high as 0.12 mA. This work provides a full and fundamental study of both the growth control and physical property including magnetic and optoelectronic properties for NiSe-based materials and devices.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Structure defects of advanced two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have provided enormous opportunities for modified band structures and fascinating properties to facilitate the development of fundamental studies, among which intrinsic defects can be spontaneously introduced to 2D materials to expand the functional diversity. Except for unary intrinsic defects, structure–activity relationships of multiplex intrinsic defects and modulated properties still remain to be released for practical applications. Herein, binary intrinsic defects in exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), including sulfur monovacancies and oxygen substitution, were studied for revealing the sensing mechanism of 2,4,4′-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB28). They theoretically tended to form homosteric associated pairs and promote molecular anchoring synergistically. Appropriate molecular adsorption and efficient electron transfer enabled the excellent sensing performances for PCB28 including considerable linear region of 100 ng mL−1 ∼ 1 mg mL−1 and low detection limit of 7.96 ng mL−1, which was also inspirable for the design of other small-molecule sensors.
{"title":"Binary intrinsic defects in Two-Dimensional molybdenum disulfide toward detection mechanism of 2,4,4′-trichlorobiphenyl","authors":"Hailin Zheng, Demin Zhu, Chengyi Xiong, Xiquan Hu, Miao-Miao Chen, Shengfu Wang, Yao Xiao, Xiuhua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162414","url":null,"abstract":"Structure defects of advanced two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have provided enormous opportunities for modified band structures and fascinating properties to facilitate the development of fundamental studies, among which intrinsic defects can be spontaneously introduced to 2D materials to expand the functional diversity. Except for unary intrinsic defects, structure–activity relationships of multiplex intrinsic defects and modulated properties still remain to be released for practical applications. Herein, binary intrinsic defects in exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>), including sulfur monovacancies and oxygen substitution, were studied for revealing the sensing mechanism of 2,4,4′-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB28). They theoretically tended to form homosteric associated pairs and promote molecular anchoring synergistically. Appropriate molecular adsorption and efficient electron transfer enabled the excellent sensing performances for PCB28 including considerable linear region of 100 ng mL<sup>−1</sup> ∼ 1 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> and low detection limit of 7.96 ng mL<sup>−1</sup>, which was also inspirable for the design of other small-molecule sensors.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Low-temperature plasma glowing on solid materials has proven to be effective for surface engineering. Plasma treatment can alter their surface structure and composition but causes negligible damage to the main framework under a proper condition. In this work, we achieved phosphorus (P) doping into nestlike clusters of nitrogen-rich carbon nanotubes embedded with cobalt nanoparticles (CoNCnc) using microwave plasma in the presence of a stable and nontoxic salt, NaH2PO4, to enhance the catalytic efficiency of oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). The results indicate that P was successfully implanted onto the surface of CoNCnc through microwave plasma irradiation. The nestlike structure and cobalt nanoparticles (Co NPs) distribution were barely affected by the plasma treatment, while its ORR catalytic activity was significantly enhanced with excellent durability and methanol tolerance. Due to the high efficiency and low energy consumption of microwave plasma, the proposed doping strategy can be a potential way for boosting the performance of earth-abundant elements based electrocatalysts.
{"title":"Soft doping of phosphorus into cobalt nanoparticle-embedded nestlike nitrogen-rich carbon nanotube clusters for efficient oxygen reduction","authors":"Jiebing Ai, Naiyu Wang, Fengyun Li, Wei He, Zhaowei Qu, Xiaoqin Ma, Lulu Huang, Qiaosheng Pu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162448","url":null,"abstract":"Low-temperature plasma glowing on solid materials has proven to be effective for surface engineering. Plasma treatment can alter their surface structure and composition but causes negligible damage to the main framework under a proper condition. In this work, we achieved phosphorus (P) doping into nestlike clusters of nitrogen-rich carbon nanotubes embedded with cobalt nanoparticles (CoNCnc) using microwave plasma in the presence of a stable and nontoxic salt, NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, to enhance the catalytic efficiency of oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). The results indicate that P was successfully implanted onto the surface of CoNCnc through microwave plasma irradiation. The nestlike structure and cobalt nanoparticles (Co NPs) distribution were barely affected by the plasma treatment, while its ORR catalytic activity was significantly enhanced with excellent durability and methanol tolerance. Due to the high efficiency and low energy consumption of microwave plasma, the proposed doping strategy can be a potential way for boosting the performance of earth-abundant elements based electrocatalysts.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162449
Qiaofei Zhang, Liwen Zhang, Lei Liu, Wanmeng Li, Chunshan Zhu, Wenju Liu
Non-precious metal composite oxides of oxygen storage materials are highly promising for catalytic ethylene (C2H4) removal in horticultural environments and industrial processes. Herein, surface Zr-doped CoZrOx solid solution catalysts were prepared by a zirconate-assisted impregnation substitution method using Co(OH)2 nanosheets. Based on optimization experiments, the 5 %CoZrOx-550 catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability for trace C2H4 removal under humid conditions, with T50 and T90 values of 190 °C and 206 °C, respectively. Zr incorporation into Co lattices resulted in the formation of solid solution structures by replacing Co3+ ions, leading to lattice expansion in Co3O4, an increase in the surface Co2+ ratio, and reduced water affinity of the catalyst. This facilitated the generation of additional oxygen vacancies on the catalyst surface, thereby enhancing the abilities of adsorption, activation, and migration of oxygen species, ultimately resulting in improved redox cycle efficiency. In-situ diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy analysis revealed that adsorbed C2H4 undergoes activation and dissociation via C=C bond cleavage to form C–C bonds on oxygen vacancies, followed by oxidation of C–H and C–C bonds with oxygen species to generate intermediate species such as aldehyde, carboxylic, and carbonate, as well as final products of H2O and CO2.
{"title":"Zr-doped CoZrOx solid solution catalysts with enhanced oxygen vacancy for trace ethylene removal under humid conditions","authors":"Qiaofei Zhang, Liwen Zhang, Lei Liu, Wanmeng Li, Chunshan Zhu, Wenju Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162449","url":null,"abstract":"Non-precious metal composite oxides of oxygen storage materials are highly promising for catalytic ethylene (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>) removal in horticultural environments and industrial processes. Herein, surface Zr-doped CoZrO<sub>x</sub> solid solution catalysts were prepared by a zirconate-assisted impregnation substitution method using Co(OH)<sub>2</sub> nanosheets. Based on optimization experiments, the 5 %CoZrO<sub>x</sub>-550 catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity and hydrothermal stability for trace C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> removal under humid conditions, with T<sub>50</sub> and T<sub>90</sub> values of 190 °C and 206 °C, respectively. Zr incorporation into Co lattices resulted in the formation of solid solution structures by replacing Co<sup>3+</sup> ions, leading to lattice expansion in Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, an increase in the surface Co<sup>2+</sup> ratio, and reduced water affinity of the catalyst. This facilitated the generation of additional oxygen vacancies on the catalyst surface, thereby enhancing the abilities of adsorption, activation, and migration of oxygen species, ultimately resulting in improved redox cycle efficiency. In-situ diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy analysis revealed that adsorbed C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> undergoes activation and dissociation via C=C bond cleavage to form C–C bonds on oxygen vacancies, followed by oxidation of C–H and C–C bonds with oxygen species to generate intermediate species such as aldehyde, carboxylic, and carbonate, as well as final products of H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub>.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel approach has been proposed to enhance 316L alloy using directed energy deposition technology by incorporating dual-scale nano- and micro- WC ceramic particles for synergistic strengthening. The results indicate that a carbide hard phase enriched in W, Fe, Cr, and Mo forms at grain boundaries, effectively inhibiting dislocation motion and promoting heterogeneous nucleation, leading to grain refinement. The nanoscale phase improves the dispersion of the microscale phase and its bonding strength with the matrix, creating a “cement-gravel” structure that enhances overall stability. Compared to pure 316L and nano WC/316L composites, the nano/micron WC/316L composite exhibits increased dislocation density at grain boundaries, which impedes slip deformation and significantly enhances hardness. In pin-disc wear tests at high rotation speeds, the wear volume decreased by 37.5 % and 16.17 % respectively. Under varying loads of 80 N, 100 N, and 120 N in ring-block wear tests, the composite showed the lowest friction coefficient, with wear volume reductions of 42.86 % and 20.00 %, 54.55 % and 28.57 %, and 53.33 % and 36.36 %, respectively. The high-hardness microscale WC acts as a wear-resistant support skeleton, distributing external loads, reducing stress concentration, and minimizing plastic deformation, which altogether improves anti-wear properties.
{"title":"Effect of directional energy deposition of dual-scale WC particles on the anti-wear properties of 316L","authors":"Ying Wang, Tongchun Li, Zhenjie Gu, Zupeng Yan, Ruifeng Di, Jianbo Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162441","url":null,"abstract":"A novel approach has been proposed to enhance 316L alloy using directed energy deposition technology by incorporating dual-scale nano- and micro- WC ceramic particles for synergistic strengthening. The results indicate that a carbide hard phase enriched in W, Fe, Cr, and Mo forms at grain boundaries, effectively inhibiting dislocation motion and promoting heterogeneous nucleation, leading to grain refinement. The nanoscale phase improves the dispersion of the microscale phase and its bonding strength with the matrix, creating a “cement-gravel” structure that enhances overall stability. Compared to pure 316L and nano WC/316L composites, the nano/micron WC/316L composite exhibits increased dislocation density at grain boundaries, which impedes slip deformation and significantly enhances hardness. In pin-disc wear tests at high rotation speeds, the wear volume decreased by 37.5 % and 16.17 % respectively. Under varying loads of 80 N, 100 N, and 120 N in ring-block wear tests, the composite showed the lowest friction coefficient, with wear volume reductions of 42.86 % and 20.00 %, 54.55 % and 28.57 %, and 53.33 % and 36.36 %, respectively. The high-hardness microscale WC acts as a wear-resistant support skeleton, distributing external loads, reducing stress concentration, and minimizing plastic deformation, which altogether improves anti-wear properties.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162440
Joowon Lee, Minji Bak, Pil J. Yoo, Woo-Jae Kim
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess exceptional electrical conductivity, making them attractive candidates for various electrical and electronic applications. CNT conductivity is affected by factors such as chirality, diameter, and purity. This study focused on maximizing the performance of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) electrodes by optimizing key parameters that influence their conductivity. We systematically investigated the impact of synthesis methods, SWNT length and diameter, dispersion conditions, surface defects, and electronic structure on the electrical conductivity of fabricated electrodes. Our results indicate that arc-discharge (AD) SWNTs, characterized by larger diameters and longer lengths, exhibit greater resilience to surface damage during dispersion compared to HiPco SWNTs. This enhanced resilience reduces contact resistance and improves electrode performance. By optimizing dispersion conditions to minimize surface damage and length reduction, and by isolating high-purity metallic SWNTs from commercial mixtures, we successfully produced highly conductive AD SWNT film electrodes with a sheet resistance of 335 Ω/sq at 90 % transparency. Ultraviolet–visible-near infrared and Raman spectroscopy analyses were conducted to elucidate the factors contributing to these optimized conditions. These findings hold significant implications for the development of advanced carbon materials for anodes and cathodes in next-generation batteries.
{"title":"Correlation between CNT characteristics and the conductivity of CNT electrode films: Optimization of fabrication conditions for enhancing electrical properties","authors":"Joowon Lee, Minji Bak, Pil J. Yoo, Woo-Jae Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162440","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess exceptional electrical conductivity, making them attractive candidates for various electrical and electronic applications. CNT conductivity is affected by factors such as chirality, diameter, and purity. This study focused on maximizing the performance of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) electrodes by optimizing key parameters that influence their conductivity. We systematically investigated the impact of synthesis methods, SWNT length and diameter, dispersion conditions, surface defects, and electronic structure on the electrical conductivity of fabricated electrodes. Our results indicate that arc-discharge (AD) SWNTs, characterized by larger diameters and longer lengths, exhibit greater resilience to surface damage during dispersion compared to HiPco SWNTs. This enhanced resilience reduces contact resistance and improves electrode performance. By optimizing dispersion conditions to minimize surface damage and length reduction, and by isolating high-purity metallic SWNTs from commercial mixtures, we successfully produced highly conductive AD SWNT film electrodes with a sheet resistance of 335 Ω/sq at 90 % transparency. Ultraviolet–visible-near infrared and Raman spectroscopy analyses were conducted to elucidate the factors contributing to these optimized conditions. These findings hold significant implications for the development of advanced carbon materials for anodes and cathodes in next-generation batteries.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142986596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162433
S. Anandh Jesuraj, P. Kuppusami, M. Tamilselvi, Somasurendra Kumar Balam, Ch.Jagadeeswara Rao, A.M. Kamalan Kirubaharan, Milan Parchovianský
Tailoring of growth morphology of the coatings by controlling the process parameters has recently generated significant attention since it has improved the performance and structural stability of the coatings. Therefore, tailoring of the microstructure was attempted on 7 wt% of yttria stabilized zirconia (7YSZ) thermal barrier coatings on NiCrAlY bond coated CM247LC EA/DS superalloy substrates by electron beam physical vapour deposition (EBPVD). In the current study, multiple approaches such as shutter control, substrate temperature manipulation during deposition, and adjusting the angle of vapour incidence were employed to modify the typical columnar microstructure of 7YSZ. The tailored microstructures of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Vickers microhardness measurements. These coatings were subjected to an isothermal oxidation test (IOT) and thermal cyclic test (TCT) to assess the oxidation and lifetime performance of the coatings. The structural and microstructural changes were further probed after IOT by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and Vickers microhardness measurements. The analysis revealed that the tailored microstructure of EBPVD coatings had an improved lifetime to that of the conventional 7YSZ columnar microstructured TBC. The results obtained from the current study suggest that the production of coatings with tailored microstructure from the columnar growth as a result of process parameters could provide improved performance.
{"title":"Tailored columnar microstructure of 7YSZ TBCs using electron beam physical vapour deposition Parameters: Impact on Durability and isothermal oxidation performance","authors":"S. Anandh Jesuraj, P. Kuppusami, M. Tamilselvi, Somasurendra Kumar Balam, Ch.Jagadeeswara Rao, A.M. Kamalan Kirubaharan, Milan Parchovianský","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162433","url":null,"abstract":"Tailoring of growth morphology of the coatings by controlling the process parameters has recently generated significant attention since it has improved the performance and structural stability of the coatings. Therefore, tailoring of the microstructure was attempted on 7 wt% of yttria stabilized zirconia (7YSZ) thermal barrier coatings on NiCrAlY bond coated CM247LC EA/DS superalloy substrates by electron beam physical vapour deposition (EBPVD). In the current study, multiple approaches such as shutter control, substrate temperature manipulation during deposition, and adjusting the angle of vapour incidence were employed to modify the typical columnar microstructure of 7YSZ. The tailored microstructures of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Vickers microhardness measurements. These coatings were subjected to an isothermal oxidation test (IOT) and thermal cyclic test (TCT) to assess the oxidation and lifetime performance of the coatings. The structural and microstructural changes were further probed after IOT by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and Vickers microhardness measurements. The analysis revealed that the tailored microstructure of EBPVD coatings had an improved lifetime to that of the conventional 7YSZ columnar microstructured TBC. The results obtained from the current study suggest that the production of coatings with tailored microstructure from the columnar growth as a result of process parameters could provide improved performance.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162442
Delin Kong, Bo Hong, Jingcai Xu, Xiaoling Peng, Jing Li, Hongwei Chen, Shi Qiu, Nan Zhang, Xinqing Wang
Metal oxide semiconductors are excellent candidates for detecting and monitoring toxic and harmful formaldehyde (HCHO) gas. In this study, NiO/In2O3 composites were synthesized via a solvothermal method by anchoring NiO nanoparticles onto MIL-68-derived In2O3 microtubes. The as-prepared In2O3 exhibits a microtube-like structure with a higher specific surface area and numerous micropores on its walls. NiO nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on the outer walls of the In2O3 microtubes. The gas-sensing results reveal that NiO/In2O3 sensors demonstrate significantly improved HCHO gas-sensing performance compared to In2O3 sensors alone. Among NiO/In2O3 sensors, the NiO-9/In2O3 sensor exhibits the highest response value of 1115.41 to 10 ppm HCHO gas at a lower operating temperature of 180 °C, approximately 11 times higher than that of the In2O3 sensor (99.77) at 200 °C. Additionally, the NiO-9/In2O3 sensor possesses a short response time of 13 s, excellent long-term stability, anti-humidity, high selectivity towards HCHO gas and a detection limit as low as 0.22 ppb. The highly enhanced gas-sensing performance of the NiO-9/In2O3 sensor is attributed to multiple factors, including p-n heterojunctions, increasing chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies, and the entire electron depletion region of NiO nanoparticles in air. The underlying mechanism was further discussed through density functional theory calculations, highlighting the potential of the NiO-9/ In2O3 sensor for both research and practical applications.
{"title":"P−n heterojunction construction and interfacial interaction mechanism: NiO/In2O3 formaldehyde gas sensors with excellent sensitivity and selectivity","authors":"Delin Kong, Bo Hong, Jingcai Xu, Xiaoling Peng, Jing Li, Hongwei Chen, Shi Qiu, Nan Zhang, Xinqing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162442","url":null,"abstract":"Metal oxide semiconductors are excellent candidates for detecting and monitoring toxic and harmful formaldehyde (HCHO) gas. In this study, NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composites were synthesized via a solvothermal method by anchoring NiO nanoparticles onto MIL-68-derived In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> microtubes. The as-prepared In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> exhibits a microtube-like structure with a higher specific surface area and numerous micropores on its walls. NiO nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed on the outer walls of the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> microtubes. The gas-sensing results reveal that NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensors demonstrate significantly improved HCHO gas-sensing performance compared to In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensors alone. Among NiO/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensors, the NiO-9/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor exhibits the highest response value of 1115.41 to 10 ppm HCHO gas at a lower operating temperature of 180 °C, approximately 11 times higher than that of the In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor (99.77) at 200 °C. Additionally, the NiO-9/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor possesses a short response time of 13 s, excellent long-term stability, anti-humidity, high selectivity towards HCHO gas and a detection limit as low as 0.22 ppb. The highly enhanced gas-sensing performance of the NiO-9/In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor is attributed to multiple factors, including p-n heterojunctions, increasing chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies, and the entire electron depletion region of NiO nanoparticles in air. The underlying mechanism was further discussed through density functional theory calculations, highlighting the potential of the NiO-9/ In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sensor for both research and practical applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142988064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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