Pub Date : 2025-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163044
Jae Hun Hwang, Ga Yeon Lee, Jin Joo Ryu, Ji Woon Choi, Take-Mo Chung, Young Yong Kim, Seung Hoon Oh, Sungjin Park, Youngkwon Kim, Gun Hwan Kim, Taeyong Eom
This study investigated the atomic layer deposition of TiO2 thin films using H2O and O2 plasma as oxidants with titanium tri(dimethylamido)N’-ethoxy-N-methylacetimidamide (Ti(enno)(NMe2)3) as a precursor. The investigation examined the influence of these oxidants on the deposition behavior, film properties, and impact of rapid thermal annealing (RTA). The saturated growth per cycle was measured at 0.08 and 0.23 nm∙cy−1 with H2O and O2 plasma, respectively. The films deposited with O2 plasma exhibited lower carbon contamination and superior electrical properties. Moreover, the RTA further enhanced the crystallinity and reduced leakage currents. The measured dielectric constants ranged across 27.9–39.6 and 32.3–37.9 for H2O and O2 plasma, respectively. Furthermore, comparisons of the leakage current density and capacitance equivalent thickness (Jg-CET) revealed that the TiO2 thin film using O2 plasma and RTA at 1050 °C exhibited the best high-κ characteristics.
{"title":"Influence of oxidants on the characteristics of atomic layer deposited TiO2 thin films","authors":"Jae Hun Hwang, Ga Yeon Lee, Jin Joo Ryu, Ji Woon Choi, Take-Mo Chung, Young Yong Kim, Seung Hoon Oh, Sungjin Park, Youngkwon Kim, Gun Hwan Kim, Taeyong Eom","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163044","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the atomic layer deposition of TiO<sub>2</sub> thin films using H<sub>2</sub>O and O<sub>2</sub> plasma as oxidants with titanium tri(dimethylamido)N’-ethoxy-N-methylacetimidamide (Ti(enno)(NMe<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>) as a precursor. The investigation examined the influence of these oxidants on the deposition behavior, film properties, and impact of rapid thermal annealing (RTA). The saturated growth per cycle was measured at 0.08 and 0.23 nm∙cy<sup>−1</sup> with H<sub>2</sub>O and O<sub>2</sub> plasma, respectively. The films deposited with O<sub>2</sub> plasma exhibited lower carbon contamination and superior electrical properties. Moreover, the RTA further enhanced the crystallinity and reduced leakage currents. The measured dielectric constants ranged across 27.9–39.6 and 32.3–37.9 for H<sub>2</sub>O and O<sub>2</sub> plasma, respectively. Furthermore, comparisons of the leakage current density and capacitance equivalent thickness (J<sub>g</sub>-CET) revealed that the TiO<sub>2</sub> thin film using O<sub>2</sub> plasma and RTA at 1050 °C exhibited the best high-κ characteristics.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increasing corrosion resistance has substantial practical importance for the development of Zn alloy surface treatment technology, as zinc and its alloys are commonly used as building decoration materials because to their excellent mechanical properties. In this study, an in-situ film creation process is used for regulating the anodization of Zn-0.5Mn alloy, and the microstructure is significantly impacted by current density. ZnO is the main component of anodization films, which have irregular porosity and imperfections in the surface. The oxide film color tends to be yellow as the current density increases, as confirmed by the chromaticity coordinates. The protective film has an order of magnitude lower corrosion resistance than the Zn-0.5Mn alloy under 10 A/dm2 current density, according to the polarization curve and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements. The in-situ growth layer produced in this experiment can effectively extend the service life of the zinc alloy and improve the corrosion resistance of the zinc alloy.
{"title":"Microstructural regulation of Zn-Mn alloy oxide films and investigation of corrosion resistance","authors":"Shineng Sun, Jie Yu, Ying Chang, Yiheng Zheng, Chao Wang, Wei Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163049","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing corrosion resistance has substantial practical importance for the development of Zn alloy surface treatment technology, as zinc and its alloys are commonly used as building decoration materials because to their excellent mechanical properties. In this study, an in-situ film creation process is used for regulating the anodization of Zn-0.5Mn alloy, and the microstructure is significantly impacted by current density. ZnO is the main component of anodization films, which have irregular porosity and imperfections in the surface. The oxide film color tends to be yellow as the current density increases, as confirmed by the chromaticity coordinates. The protective film has an order of magnitude lower corrosion resistance than the Zn-0.5Mn alloy under 10 A/dm<sup>2</sup> current density, according to the polarization curve and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements. The in-situ growth layer produced in this experiment can effectively extend the service life of the zinc alloy and improve the corrosion resistance of the zinc alloy.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, a new type of laser protective material, i.e. Al3BC/Al composite coating is proposed. The Al3BC/Al composite powders used for the spraying process has been firstly fabricated by a sintering process and the submicron Al3BC particles are in-situ synthesized. The Al3BC/Al composite coatings were then prepared using a high-velocity air fuel (HVAF) spraying process, and the optimum fabrication parameters were determined by an orthogonal experiment. The Al3BC/Al composite coatings fabricated by the optimum parameters are dense, with submicron Al3BC particles uniformly dispersed. The laser ablation behavior of the Al3BC/Al coating was also investigated in this work. The Al3BC/Al composite coating endured 10 s before failure, which is twice the laser ablation resistance time of pure Al coating (failure at 5 s), revealing the excellent laser protection performance of the composite coating. By investigating the microstructure evolution of the coating during the laser irradiation, the ablation mechanisms of the coating are revealed. Both the good thermal stability of Al3BC particles and a further endothermic decomposition reaction contribute to the excellent laser ablation resistance of Al3BC/Al composite coating. This work will provide a new idea and theoretical guidance for the design of novel laser protective coating material.
{"title":"Ablation behavior and mechanism of Al3BC/Al composite coating irradiated by high energy laser","authors":"Zihan Luo, Hongqi Wang, Baoqi Cheng, Guoteng Li, Xia Ma, Kai Zhao, Fengshi Yin, Jinzhao Sun, Yongfeng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163045","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a new type of laser protective material, <em>i.e.</em> Al<sub>3</sub>BC/Al composite coating is proposed. The Al<sub>3</sub>BC/Al composite powders used for the spraying process has been firstly fabricated by a sintering process and the submicron Al<sub>3</sub>BC particles are <em>in-situ</em> synthesized. The Al<sub>3</sub>BC/Al composite coatings were then prepared using a high-velocity air fuel (HVAF) spraying process, and the optimum fabrication parameters were determined by an orthogonal experiment. The Al<sub>3</sub>BC/Al composite coatings fabricated by the optimum parameters are dense, with submicron Al<sub>3</sub>BC particles uniformly dispersed. The laser ablation behavior of the Al<sub>3</sub>BC/Al coating was also investigated in this work. The Al<sub>3</sub>BC/Al composite coating endured 10 s before failure, which is twice the laser ablation resistance time of pure Al coating (failure at 5 s), revealing the excellent laser protection performance of the composite coating. By investigating the microstructure evolution of the coating during the laser irradiation, the ablation mechanisms of the coating are revealed. Both the good thermal stability of Al<sub>3</sub>BC particles and a further endothermic decomposition reaction contribute to the excellent laser ablation resistance of Al<sub>3</sub>BC/Al composite coating. This work will provide a new idea and theoretical guidance for the design of novel laser protective coating material.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The construction of efficient photocatalysts with abundant active sites can effectively address the energy challenge of hydrogen production through water photolysis. In this study, we report an efficient photocatalytic catalyst, consisting of single-atom Mo-modified ZnIn2S4 nanoflowers, and propose a mechanism for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Using LA as sacrificial agent under the irradiation of Xe lamp (300W), the photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of the catalyst achieved 138.8 μmol‧h-1 (per 20 mg of catalyst), which is 3.5 times higher than that of bulk ZnIn2S4. And the quantum efficiency of the catalyst reached 23.59 % at the wavelength of 350 nm, demonstrating good stability. The XANES, XPS, FTIR tests confirm that Mo is monoatomically dispersed in the form of Mo-O bonds. The uniformly dispersed single-atom Mo provides abundant active sites, while the formed Mo-O bonds facilitate electron transport and inhibit the recombination of electron-hole pairs, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of ZnIn2S4. This work offers a novel approach for the development of single-atom catalytic materials.
{"title":"Single-atom molybdenum modified ZnIn2S4 nanoflowers for improving photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance","authors":"Zetian He, Daimei Chen, Shiqing Ma, Lingling Guo, Fengshan Zhou, Yilei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163023","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of efficient photocatalysts with abundant active sites can effectively address the energy challenge of hydrogen production through water photolysis. In this study, we report an efficient photocatalytic catalyst, consisting of single-atom Mo-modified ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> nanoflowers, and propose a mechanism for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Using LA as sacrificial agent under the irradiation of Xe lamp (300W), the photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of the catalyst achieved 138.8 μmol‧h<sup>-1</sup> (per 20 mg of catalyst), which is 3.5 times higher than that of bulk ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>. And the quantum efficiency of the catalyst reached 23.59 % at the wavelength of 350 nm, demonstrating good stability. The XANES, XPS, FTIR tests confirm that Mo is monoatomically dispersed in the form of Mo-O bonds. The uniformly dispersed single-atom Mo provides abundant active sites, while the formed Mo-O bonds facilitate electron transport and inhibit the recombination of electron-hole pairs, thereby enhancing the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>. This work offers a novel approach for the development of single-atom catalytic materials.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163027
Wenhao Liao, Lei Ji, Yuanzhi Li, Jichun Wu, Meiqi Zhong
Photothermal catalytic dry reforming of methane (DRM) technology opens up a highly potential pathway for converting solar energy into fuels. However, achieving high fuel production rates often requires extremely high light intensities and is accompanied by unfavorable coking side reactions. In response to these challenges, this study successfully synthesized a composite material consisting of nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) supported on Ni and Sr co-doped alumina, named Ni/Ni-Sr-Al2O3. Under comparatively low light intensity conditions (80.0 kW m−2), this composite material exhibited exceptional photothermal catalytic activity. Specifically, the production rates of hydrogen (rH2) and carbon monoxide (rCO) achieved 114.2 mmol min−1 g−1 and 129.4 mmol min−1 g−1, respectively, with an efficiency (η) increased to 30.6 %. Compared to a reference catalyst of Ni/Al2O3, the Ni/Ni-Sr-Al2O3 catalyst shows a 29.6-fold increase in coking resistance. The high efficiency of Ni/Ni-Sr-Al2O3 in DRM catalysis is attributed to a light-promoted synergy between CO2 adsorption sites due to Sr doping and active oxygen due to Ni doping, both of which participate in the oxidation of carbon species (formed by decomposition of methane on Ni nanoparticles). This not only increases catalytic activity, but also significantly inhibits the polymerization of carbon species into coke.
{"title":"Light-promoted synergy between CO2 adsorption sites and active oxygen leads to efficient photothermocatalytic dry reforming of methane on Ni/Ni-Sr-Al2O3","authors":"Wenhao Liao, Lei Ji, Yuanzhi Li, Jichun Wu, Meiqi Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163027","url":null,"abstract":"Photothermal catalytic dry reforming of methane (DRM) technology opens up a highly potential pathway for converting solar energy into fuels. However, achieving high fuel production rates often requires extremely high light intensities and is accompanied by unfavorable coking side reactions. In response to these challenges, this study successfully synthesized a composite material consisting of nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) supported on Ni and Sr co-doped alumina, named Ni/Ni-Sr-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Under comparatively low light intensity conditions (80.0 kW m<sup>−2</sup>), this composite material exhibited exceptional photothermal catalytic activity. Specifically, the production rates of hydrogen (<em>r</em><sub>H2</sub>) and carbon monoxide (<em>r</em><sub>CO</sub>) achieved 114.2 mmol min<sup>−1</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> and 129.4 mmol min<sup>−1</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, with an efficiency (<em>η</em>) increased to 30.6 %. Compared to a reference catalyst of Ni/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, the Ni/Ni-Sr-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst shows a 29.6-fold increase in coking resistance. The high efficiency of Ni/Ni-Sr-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> in DRM catalysis is attributed to a light-promoted synergy between CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption sites due to Sr doping and active oxygen due to Ni doping, both of which participate in the oxidation of carbon species (formed by decomposition of methane on Ni nanoparticles). This not only increases catalytic activity, but also significantly inhibits the polymerization of carbon species into coke.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"487 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163025
Wei Luo, Ning Long, Jing Peng, Wenbin Wang, Yimin Jiang, Wei Shen, Rongxing He, Wei Su, Ming Li
Designing and fabricating heterostructure electrocatalysts composed of alloys and transition metal compounds might be a promising strategy for high-efficiency electrocatalysis. Herein, by anchoring a layer of Ni5Cu3 alloy on CoP nanorods with the help of an electrodeposition strategy, an efficient alloy-compound heterointerface catalyst for water splitting, Ni5Cu3/CoP, was designed and fabricated successfully. As shown from the experiments, the alloying effect of the Ni5Cu3/CoP catalyst induced a super-strong interfacial coupling due to the significant electron outflow from the Ni5Cu3 alloy, and it was the synergy of this alloying effect and super-strong interfacial coupling that resulted in the significant activation of cobalt-phosphorus bonds on the catalyst surface to generate rich active sites, which remarkably activated the intrinsic activity of Ni5Cu3/CoP. Therefore, in alkaline condition, Ni5Cu3/CoP exhibited low hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) overpotential of 66 mV and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential of 190 mV at 10 mA·cm−2, respectively, as well as only needed a small cell voltage of 1.51 V to achieve 10 mA·cm−2 for overall water splitting. Density functional theory (DFT) results revealed that alloy-induced strong interfacial coupling considerably optimized the adsorption of OER and HER intermediates, improving the catalytic activity. These findings provided a valuable insight for the subsequent development of heterogeneous catalysts containing alloy components.
{"title":"Alloy/Interface-Induced activation of Metal-Phosphorus bonds in Ni5Cu3/CoP for efficient water splitting","authors":"Wei Luo, Ning Long, Jing Peng, Wenbin Wang, Yimin Jiang, Wei Shen, Rongxing He, Wei Su, Ming Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163025","url":null,"abstract":"Designing and fabricating heterostructure electrocatalysts composed of alloys and transition metal compounds might be a promising strategy for high-efficiency electrocatalysis. Herein, by anchoring a layer of Ni<sub>5</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub> alloy on CoP nanorods with the help of an electrodeposition strategy, an efficient alloy-compound heterointerface catalyst for water splitting, Ni<sub>5</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>/CoP, was designed and fabricated successfully. As shown from the experiments, the alloying effect of the Ni<sub>5</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>/CoP catalyst induced a super-strong interfacial coupling due to the significant electron outflow from the Ni<sub>5</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub> alloy, and it was the synergy of this alloying effect and super-strong interfacial coupling that resulted in the significant activation of cobalt-phosphorus bonds on the catalyst surface to generate rich active sites, which remarkably activated the intrinsic activity of Ni<sub>5</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>/CoP. Therefore, in alkaline condition, Ni<sub>5</sub>Cu<sub>3</sub>/CoP exhibited low hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) overpotential of 66 mV and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) overpotential of 190 mV at 10 mA·cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively, as well as only needed a small cell voltage of 1.51 V to achieve 10 mA·cm<sup>−2</sup> for overall water splitting. Density functional theory (DFT) results revealed that alloy-induced strong interfacial coupling considerably optimized the adsorption of OER and HER intermediates, improving the catalytic activity. These findings provided a valuable insight for the subsequent development of heterogeneous catalysts containing alloy components.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163019
Zhenhua Yang, Pan Du, Quanxi Zhang, Xiaopeng Fan, Xianyun Zheng, Yuexia Zhang, Chuan Dong
Heavy metal pollution is posing a serious threat to the environment. However, the multichannel fluorescence sensor simultaneously detecting multiple metals is promising but challenging. In this work, excitation-dependent red and blue carbon dots (RBCDs) were synthesized through carbonization and amide reaction. RBCDs emitted red and blue fluorescence under different excitation wavelengths. Interestingly, the fluorescence of RBCDs embedded in PVA films and various paper matrics was highly stable. The fluorescence emission of RBCDs at 590 nm was effectively quenched by MnO4- via the oxidation of RBCDs and the inner filter effect. Instead, the fluorescence at 485 nm could be effectively quenched by morin, whereas Al3+ can reverse the quenching. Based on the interaction between RBCDs, MnO4-, morin, and Al3+, dual-channel sensing systems for the analysis of MnO4- and Al3+ were successfully constructed. The established sensing systems exhibited excellent selectivity and practical applicability for detecting MnO4- and Al3+ in river water. These sensing systems offer several merits, such as low limits of detection (LOD), wide linear range, good anti-interference, and satisfactory detection reliability. These findings help to understand the behavior and distribution of these metal ions in the eco-environment, contributing to reinforcing resource management and strengthening environmental protection.
{"title":"Excitation wavelength-tuned dual-color carbon dots as a dual-channel sensing system for fluorescent and visual detection of Mn (VII) and Al (III)","authors":"Zhenhua Yang, Pan Du, Quanxi Zhang, Xiaopeng Fan, Xianyun Zheng, Yuexia Zhang, Chuan Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163019","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal pollution is posing a serious threat to the environment. However, the multichannel fluorescence sensor simultaneously detecting multiple metals is promising but challenging. In this work, excitation-dependent red and blue carbon dots (RBCDs) were synthesized through carbonization and amide reaction. RBCDs emitted red and blue fluorescence under different excitation wavelengths. Interestingly, the fluorescence of RBCDs embedded in PVA films and various paper matrics was highly stable. The fluorescence emission of RBCDs at 590 nm was effectively quenched by MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> via the oxidation of RBCDs and the inner filter effect. Instead, the fluorescence at 485 nm could be effectively quenched by morin, whereas Al<sup>3+</sup> can reverse the quenching. Based on the interaction between RBCDs, MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup>, morin, and Al<sup>3+</sup>, dual-channel sensing systems for the analysis of MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> were successfully constructed. The established sensing systems exhibited excellent selectivity and practical applicability for detecting MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> in river water. These sensing systems offer several merits, such as low limits of detection (LOD), wide linear range, good anti-interference, and satisfactory detection reliability. These findings help to understand the behavior and distribution of these metal ions in the eco-environment, contributing to reinforcing resource management and strengthening environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163024
Shidong Zhang, Zehao Zhang, Jing Nie, Zhouyang Zhang, Haibo Li
The emerging hydrogel-based solar-driven interfacial evaporation system shows great potential for energy-efficient sea water desalination. However, achieving optimal performance in three-dimensional hydrogel solar evaporators during long-term operation remains a significant challenge due to the trade-off between salt resistance and evaporation efficiency. Here, a hydrogel with multidirectional hierarchical pore structure was developed, demonstrating high evaporation performance and salt resistance by homogeneously mixing multi-walled carbon nanotubes, sodium alginate and cellulose (CSC). Coupled with COMSOL simulations, the evaporation kinetics involving the competitive relationship between water transport and heat transfer are further elucidated to guide the evaporator design. The results suggest that the average evaporation rate of CSC hydrogel evaporator is up to 3.0 kg·m−2·h−1 after continuous evaporation in 20 wt% brine for 10 h under one sun illumination. The CSC hydrogel evaporator demonstrates substantial purification of common organic compounds. This innovative design of the CSC hydrogel evaporator shows a great potential for desalination applications.
{"title":"High-performance 3D Hydrogels-based evaporator with multidirectional hierarchical pore structure for efficient salt-resistance in continuous water desalination","authors":"Shidong Zhang, Zehao Zhang, Jing Nie, Zhouyang Zhang, Haibo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163024","url":null,"abstract":"The emerging hydrogel-based solar-driven interfacial evaporation system shows great potential for energy-efficient sea water desalination. However, achieving optimal performance in three-dimensional hydrogel solar evaporators during long-term operation remains a significant challenge due to the trade-off between salt resistance and evaporation efficiency. Here, a hydrogel with multidirectional hierarchical pore structure was developed, demonstrating high evaporation performance and salt resistance by homogeneously mixing multi-walled carbon nanotubes, sodium alginate and cellulose (CSC). Coupled with COMSOL simulations, the evaporation kinetics involving the competitive relationship between water transport and heat transfer are further elucidated to guide the evaporator design. The results suggest that the average evaporation rate of CSC hydrogel evaporator is up to 3.0 kg·m<sup>−2</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> after continuous evaporation in 20 wt% brine for 10 h under one sun illumination. The CSC hydrogel evaporator demonstrates substantial purification of common organic compounds. This innovative design of the CSC hydrogel evaporator shows a great potential for desalination applications.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The utilization of repurposing natural gas pipeline steels for hydrogen transportation requires consideration of the risk of hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The occurrence of HE begins with the initial process of hydrogen dissociative adsorption. However, due to the complicated gaseous environment, the interactions between CH4 and H2 adsorption on pipeline surfaces continue to be controversial. In this study, the influence of CH4 on H2 surface adsorption was demonstrated by the in-situ hydrogen permeation test on 20# steel. Based on Electron Backscatter Diffraction results, the interactions of H2 and CH4 adsorption on Fe(100) and high-angle grain boundary (HAGB) surfaces were calculated by DFT methods. The results determine the possibility of CH4 dissociative adsorption on the pipeline surface and reveal that H2 promotes the dissociative adsorption of CH4 on HAGBs, whereas CH4 inhibits the dissociative adsorption of H2. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of CH4 on the dissociative adsorption of H2 is positively correlated with the adsorption time of CH4 on the surface. The mechanism of interactions between CH4 and H2 was clarified that CH4 increases the energy barrier of dissociative adsorption of H2. In turn, the pre-adsorbed H2 can change the charge of HAGB surface, increasing the electrons available for CH4 dissociative adsorption.
{"title":"The mechanism of interactions between H2 and CH4 dissociative adsorption on the surface of pipeline steel","authors":"Yulin Song, Cailin Wang, Cuiwei Liu, Xiusai Xu, Xiusong Huang, Yuxing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162967","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of repurposing natural gas pipeline steels for hydrogen transportation requires consideration of the risk of hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The occurrence of HE begins with the initial process of hydrogen dissociative adsorption. However, due to the complicated gaseous environment, the interactions between CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> adsorption on pipeline surfaces continue to be controversial. In this study, the influence of CH<sub>4</sub> on H<sub>2</sub> surface adsorption was demonstrated by the in-situ hydrogen permeation test on 20# steel. Based on Electron Backscatter Diffraction results, the interactions of H<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> adsorption on Fe(100) and high-angle grain boundary (HAGB) surfaces were calculated by DFT methods. The results determine the possibility of CH<sub>4</sub> dissociative adsorption on the pipeline surface and reveal that H<sub>2</sub> promotes the dissociative adsorption of CH<sub>4</sub> on HAGBs, whereas CH<sub>4</sub> inhibits the dissociative adsorption of H<sub>2</sub>. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of CH<sub>4</sub> on the dissociative adsorption of H<sub>2</sub> is positively correlated with the adsorption time of CH<sub>4</sub> on the surface. The mechanism of interactions between CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> was clarified that CH<sub>4</sub> increases the energy barrier of dissociative adsorption of H<sub>2</sub>. In turn, the pre-adsorbed H<sub>2</sub> can change the charge of HAGB surface, increasing the electrons available for CH<sub>4</sub> dissociative adsorption.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heterostructure construction, particularly concerning optimal band arrangement and efficient charge separation characteristics, is a critical factor influencing photocatalytic performance. In this study, the preparation of hierarchically periodic macroporous (HPM) architecture by pyrolytic restructuring of ZnS is demonstrated, thereby yielding a series of heterojunctions composed alternately of ZnS and ZnO. The HPM architecture effectively shortens the carrier transport distance and elevates the charge transport efficiency. The alternating bridge connections of ZnS and ZnO constrained by the HPM architecture, facilitate the presence of quantum wells under the double Z-scheme mechanism. The effective separation of photogenerated carriers is enabled by this configuration, and their recombination rates are reduced, and the redox capacity of the heterojunctions is enhanced. Through synergistic influences of quantum wells and HPM architectures, the HPM ZnS-ZnO heterojunctions showcase remarkable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. This work demonstrates that quantum wells represent a powerful strategy for energy band engineering, when combined synergistically with HPM nanoarchitectures, they can significantly enhance photocatalytic performance.
{"title":"Hierarchically periodic macroporous ZnS-ZnO alternating heterojunctions with a double Z-scheme for enhanced hydrogen evolution","authors":"Ling Zhou, Yuan Liu, Shaoqiang You, Linsen Peng, Rongbin Zhang, Junchao Wei, Xuewen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163034","url":null,"abstract":"Heterostructure construction, particularly concerning optimal band arrangement and efficient charge separation characteristics, is a critical factor influencing photocatalytic performance. In this study, the preparation of hierarchically periodic macroporous (HPM) architecture by pyrolytic restructuring of ZnS is demonstrated, thereby yielding a series of heterojunctions composed alternately of ZnS and ZnO. The HPM architecture effectively shortens the carrier transport distance and elevates the charge transport efficiency. The alternating bridge connections of ZnS and ZnO constrained by the HPM architecture, facilitate the presence of quantum wells under the double Z-scheme mechanism. The effective separation of photogenerated carriers is enabled by this configuration, and their recombination rates are reduced, and the redox capacity of the heterojunctions is enhanced. Through synergistic influences of quantum wells and HPM architectures, the HPM ZnS-ZnO heterojunctions showcase remarkable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. This work demonstrates that quantum wells represent a powerful strategy for energy band engineering, when combined synergistically with HPM nanoarchitectures, they can significantly enhance photocatalytic performance.","PeriodicalId":247,"journal":{"name":"Applied Surface Science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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